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Documentation

Working with user-defined case classes and tuples

This section describes how to store Cassandra rows in Scala tuples or objects of your own classes.

Mapping rows to tuples

Instead of mapping your Cassandra rows to objects of the CassandraRow class, you can directly unwrap column values into tuples of desired type.

sc.cassandraTable[(String, Int)]("test", "words").select("word", "count").toArray
// Array((bar,20), (foo,10))

sc.cassandraTable[(Int, String)]("test", "words").select("count", "word").toArray
// Array((20,bar), (10,foo))

Mapping rows to (case) objects

Define a case class with properties named the same as the Cassandra columns. For multi-word column identifiers, separate each word by an underscore in Cassandra, and use the camel case convention on the Scala side. Then provide the explicit class name when invoking cassandraTable:

Example Mapping a Cassandra Row to a Scala Case Class

case class WordCount(word: String, count: Int)
sc.cassandraTable[WordCount]("test", "words").toArray
// Array(WordCount(bar,20), WordCount(foo,10))

The column-property naming convention is:

Cassandra column name Scala property name
count count
column_1 column1
user_name userName

Using the same property names as columns also works:

Cassandra column name Scala property name
COUNT COUNT
column_1 column_1
user_name user_name

The class doesn't necessarily need to be a case class. The only requirements are:

  • it must be Serializable
  • it must have a constructor with parameter names and types matching the columns
  • it must be compiled with debug information, so it is possible to read parameter names at runtime

Property values might be also set by Scala-style setters. The following class is also compatible:

Example of Mappable Standard Scala Class

class WordCount extends Serializable {
  var word: String = ""
  var count: Int = 0    
}

Using explicitly specified property names

It is possible to specify property names explicitly when rows are mapped to objects. In order to do this, you need to use as method on a selected column name.

Example Mapping a Cassandra Column to a Differently Named Scala Class Property

Say, we have a table with columns word TEXT and num INT. We would like to map rows from this table to the objects of class with fields word: String and count: Int:

case class WordCount(word: String, count: Int)
val result = sc.cassandraTable[WordCount]("test", "words").select("word", "num" as "count").collect()

The as method can be used for any type of projected value: normal column, TTL or write time:

sc.cassandraTable[SomeClass]("test", "table").select(
    "no_alias",
    "simple" as "simpleProp",
    "simple".ttl as "simplePropTTL",
    "simple".writeTime as "simpleWriteTime")

Mapping rows to pairs of objects

You can also map rows to pairs of objects or tuples so that it resemble a mapping key to values. It is convenient to represent data from Cassandra as an RDD of pairs where the first component is the primary key and the second one includes all the remaining columns.

Suppose we have a table with the following schema:

CREATE TABLE test.users (
  user_name     TEXT,
  domain        TEXT,
  password_hash TEXT,
  last_visit    TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (domain, user_name)
);

INSERT INTO test.users (user_name, domain, password_hash, last_visit) VALUES ('john', 'datastax.com', '1234', '2014-06-05');

We can map each rows of this table into a key-value pair by using the keyBy method of CassandraTableScanRDD class. Using keyBy also has performance implications see (partitioning)[16_partitioning.md]

Example using keyBy to Map a Cassandra Table to Pairs of Objects

import org.joda.time.DateTime
case class UserId(userName: String, domain: String)
case class UserData(passwordHash: String, lastVisit: DateTime)

sc.cassandraTable[UserData]("test", "users").keyBy[UserId]

sc.cassandraTable[UserData]("test", "users").keyBy[(String, String)]("user_name", "domain")

sc.cassandraTable[(String, DateTime)]("test", "users")
  .select("password_hash", "last_visit", "user_name", "domain")   
  .keyBy[(String, String)]("user_name", "domain")

Mapping User Defined Types

User Defined Types (UDTs) can be mapped similarly to rows by making a class that has a field for every element in the UDT. For example

case class Address(street: String, city: String, zip: Int)
case class ClassWithUDT(key: Int, name: String, addr: Address)

ClassWithUDT now can map to row in a CassandraTable with the following schema

CREATE TYPE ks.address (street text, city text, zip int)
CREATE TABLE $ks.udts(key INT PRIMARY KEY, name text, addr frozen<address>)

Next - Saving data