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+edition = "2021" + +[dependencies] +clap = { version = "4.5.4", features = ["derive"] } +futures = "0.3.30" +tokio = { version = "1.37.0", features = [ + "io-std", + "io-util", + "macros", + "process", + "rt-multi-thread", +] } +tokio-stream = "0.1.15" +tokio-util = { version = "0.7.10", features = ["codec", "io"] } diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3dda552 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +# Multiplexer / Demultiplexer for standard error and standard output + +The `muxeo` command combines a program's _stderr_ and _stdout_ streams into a +single stream of frames written to _stdout_. The frame has the following +structure: + +``` ++----------+--Frame---+---------+ +| kind: u8 | len: u32 | payload | ++----------+----------+---------+ +``` + +The `demuxeo` command knows how to decode the stream of frames received as +_stdin_ and then writes to both _stderr_ and _stdout_ depending on the frame +kind (err/out). + +For example, the following command: + +```sh +muxeo -- my-program --opt-1 --opt-2 -- arg-1 arg-2 | demuxeo +``` + +will produce a result similar to: + +```sh +my-program --opt-1 --opt-2 -- arg-1 arg-2 +``` + +One possible use case would be passing a program's stderr and stdout over HTTP. +Here is an example Bun HTTP server: + +```ts +import { $ } from "bun"; + +Bun.serve({ + async fetch() { + return new Response( + await $`muxeo -- my-program --opt-1 --opt-2 -- arg-1 arg-2`.arrayBuffer(), + ); + }, + port: 3000, +}); +``` + +We could then decode the HTTP stream response as follows, redirecting +stderr/stdout if necessary. + +```sh +curl --silent -- localhost:3000 | demuxeo +``` diff --git a/src/bin/demuxeo.rs b/src/bin/demuxeo.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..16e3701 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/bin/demuxeo.rs @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +use clap::Parser; +use futures::TryStreamExt; +use muxeo::{Frame, FrameKind, MAX}; +use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt}; +use tokio_util::{ + bytes::{Buf, BytesMut}, + codec::{Decoder, FramedRead}, +}; + +/// Demultiplexer for standard error and standard output +#[derive(Parser)] +#[command(version)] +struct Cli; + +struct EoDecoder; + +impl Decoder for EoDecoder { + type Item = Frame; + + type Error = io::Error; + + fn decode(&mut self, src: &mut BytesMut) -> Result, Self::Error> { + if src.len() < 1 + 4 { + // Not enough data to read kind and length marker. + return Ok(None); + } + + // Read length marker. + let mut len_bytes = [0; 4]; + len_bytes.copy_from_slice(&src[1..1 + 4]); + let bytes_len = u32::from_be_bytes(len_bytes) as usize; + + // Check that the length is not too large to avoid a denial of + // service attack where the server runs out of memory. + if bytes_len > MAX { + return Err(io::Error::new( + io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, + format!("Frame of length {} is too large.", bytes_len), + )); + } + + if src.len() < 1 + 4 + bytes_len { + // The full frame has not yet arrived. + // + // We reserve more space in the buffer. This is not strictly + // necessary, but is a good idea performance-wise. + src.reserve(1 + 4 + bytes_len - src.len()); + + // We inform the Framed that we need more bytes to form the next + // frame. + return Ok(None); + } + + // Read kind marker. + let kind = match src[0] { + 0 => FrameKind::Err, + 1 => FrameKind::Out, + k => { + return Err(io::Error::new( + io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, + format!("Invalid frame kind {}.", k), + )); + } + }; + + // Use advance and split_to to modify src such that it no longer + // contains this frame. + src.advance(1 + 4); + let bytes = src.split_to(bytes_len).freeze(); + + Ok(Some(match kind { + FrameKind::Err => Frame::Err(bytes), + FrameKind::Out => Frame::Out(bytes), + })) + } +} + +#[tokio::main] +async fn main() -> io::Result<()> { + Cli::parse(); + + let mut stderr = io::stderr(); + let mut stdout = io::stdout(); + let mut frames = FramedRead::new(io::stdin(), EoDecoder); + + while let Some(frame) = frames.try_next().await? { + match frame { + Frame::Err(mut bytes) => { + stderr.write_all_buf(&mut bytes).await?; + } + Frame::Out(mut bytes) => { + stdout.write_all_buf(&mut bytes).await?; + } + } + } + + Ok(()) +} diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9ba5818 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/lib.rs @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +use tokio_util::bytes::Bytes; + +pub enum Frame { + Err(Bytes), + Out(Bytes), +} + +impl Frame { + pub fn kind(&self) -> FrameKind { + match self { + Self::Err(_) => FrameKind::Err, + Self::Out(_) => FrameKind::Out, + } + } +} + +pub enum FrameKind { + Err = 0, + Out = 1, +} + +pub const MAX: usize = 8 * 1024 * 1024; diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6f64786 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main.rs @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ +use std::{ + ffi::OsString, + process::{self, Stdio}, +}; + +use clap::Parser; +use futures::{SinkExt, TryStreamExt}; +use muxeo::{Frame, FrameKind, MAX}; +use tokio::{io, process::Command}; +use tokio_stream::StreamExt; +use tokio_util::{ + bytes::{BufMut, BytesMut}, + codec::{Encoder, FramedWrite}, + io::ReaderStream, +}; + +/// Multiplexer for standard error and standard output +#[derive(Parser)] +#[command(version)] +struct Cli { + program: OsString, + args: Vec, +} + +struct EoEncoder; + +impl Encoder for EoEncoder { + type Error = io::Error; + + fn encode(&mut self, item: Frame, dst: &mut BytesMut) -> Result<(), Self::Error> { + let (kind, bytes) = match item { + Frame::Err(bytes) => (FrameKind::Err, bytes), + Frame::Out(bytes) => (FrameKind::Out, bytes), + }; + + let bytes_len = bytes.len(); + + // Don't send a string if it is longer than the other end will accept. + if bytes_len > MAX { + return Err(io::Error::new( + io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, + format!("Frame of length {} is too large.", bytes_len), + )); + } + + // Reserve space in the buffer. + dst.reserve(1 + 4 + bytes_len); + + // Write the kind, length and string to the buffer. + dst.put_u8(kind as u8); + // The cast to u32 cannot overflow due to the length check above. + dst.put_u32(bytes_len as u32); + dst.put(bytes); + + Ok(()) + } +} + +#[tokio::main] +async fn main() -> io::Result<()> { + let cli = Cli::parse(); + + let mut child = Command::new(cli.program) + .args(cli.args) + .stderr(Stdio::piped()) + .stdout(Stdio::piped()) + .spawn() + .unwrap(); + + let stderr = ReaderStream::with_capacity(child.stderr.take().unwrap(), MAX).map_ok(Frame::Err); + let stdout = ReaderStream::with_capacity(child.stdout.take().unwrap(), MAX).map_ok(Frame::Out); + + FramedWrite::new(io::stdout(), EoEncoder) + .send_all(&mut stderr.merge(stdout)) + .await?; + + let status = child.wait().await?; + + if let Some(code) = status.code() { + process::exit(code); + } + + Ok(()) +}