diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 3b513e88e339..d944659b85f3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -204,11 +204,11 @@ jobs:
             apt -y install zlib1g-dev python3.8 python3.8-dev python3.8-distutils python3-pip
             python3.8 -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel
             # Cannot access requirements.txt from the repo directory at this stage
-            python3.8 -m pip install -U Pyinstaller mutagen pycryptodomex websockets brotli certifi
+            python3.8 -m pip install -U Pyinstaller mutagen pycryptodomex websockets brotli certifi secretstorage
 
           run: |
             cd repo
-            python3.8 -m pip install -U Pyinstaller -r requirements.txt  # Cached version may be out of date
+            python3.8 -m pip install -U Pyinstaller secretstorage -r requirements.txt  # Cached version may be out of date
             python3.8 devscripts/update-version.py -c "${{ inputs.channel }}" -r "${{ needs.process.outputs.origin }}" "${{ inputs.version }}"
             python3.8 devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
             python3.8 pyinst.py
@@ -377,8 +377,8 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-        with: # 3.7 is used for Vista support. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/390
-          python-version: "3.7"
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.8"
           architecture: "x86"
       - name: Install Requirements
         run: |
@@ -436,7 +436,16 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           cat >> _update_spec << EOF
           # This file is used for regulating self-update
-          lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3.6
+          lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
+          lock 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+          lock 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
           EOF
 
       - name: Sign checksum files
diff --git a/.github/workflows/core.yml b/.github/workflows/core.yml
index e5a976de532d..b1ae4ae76701 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/core.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/core.yml
@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@ on: [push, pull_request]
 permissions:
   contents: read
 
+concurrency:
+  group: core-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+
 jobs:
   tests:
     name: Core Tests
@@ -13,12 +17,12 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
         # CPython 3.11 is in quick-test
-        python-version: ['3.8', '3.9', '3.10', '3.12', pypy-3.7, pypy-3.8, pypy-3.10]
+        python-version: ['3.8', '3.9', '3.10', '3.12', pypy-3.8, pypy-3.10]
         run-tests-ext: [sh]
         include:
         # atleast one of each CPython/PyPy tests must be in windows
         - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: '3.7'
+          python-version: '3.8'
           run-tests-ext: bat
         - os: windows-latest
           python-version: '3.12'
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-    - name: Install dependencies
+    - name: Install test requirements
       run: pip install pytest -r requirements.txt
     - name: Run tests
       continue-on-error: False
diff --git a/.github/workflows/download.yml b/.github/workflows/download.yml
index 7302a93bc062..73b2f9ca3dcb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/download.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/download.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
       with:
         python-version: 3.9
     - name: Install test requirements
-      run: pip install pytest
+      run: pip install pytest -r requirements.txt
     - name: Run tests
       continue-on-error: true
       run: ./devscripts/run_tests.sh download
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: true
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: ['3.7', '3.10', '3.12', pypy-3.7, pypy-3.8, pypy-3.10]
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', pypy-3.8, pypy-3.10]
         run-tests-ext: [sh]
         include:
         # atleast one of each CPython/PyPy tests must be in windows
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ jobs:
       uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-    - name: Install pytest
-      run: pip install pytest
+    - name: Install test requirements
+      run: pip install pytest -r requirements.txt
     - name: Run tests
       continue-on-error: true
       run: ./devscripts/run_tests.${{ matrix.run-tests-ext }} download
diff --git a/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml b/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
index e4fd89551f54..edbdaffd747c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
       with:
         python-version: '3.11'
     - name: Install test requirements
-      run: pip install pytest pycryptodomex
+      run: pip install pytest -r requirements.txt
     - name: Run tests
       run: |
         python3 -m yt_dlp -v || true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-master.yml b/.github/workflows/release-master.yml
index 0208b3bef16f..0664137a94d8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-master.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-master.yml
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ on:
       - "pyinst.py"
 concurrency:
   group: release-master
-  cancel-in-progress: true
 permissions:
   contents: read
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
index 6c59626eaad3..84e892ffe139 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -216,8 +216,8 @@ jobs:
         if: |
           !inputs.prerelease && env.target_repo == github.repository
         run: |
-          git config --global user.name github-actions
-          git config --global user.email github-actions@github.com
+          git config --global user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config --global user.email "41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
           git add -u
           git commit -m "Release ${{ env.version }}" \
             -m "Created by: ${{ github.event.sender.login }}" -m ":ci skip all :ci run dl"
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 90e7faf7c4e1..c472f3251403 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally, you can fo
 
         $ flake8 yt_dlp/extractor/yourextractor.py
 
-1. Make sure your code works under all [Python](https://www.python.org/) versions supported by yt-dlp, namely CPython and PyPy for Python 3.7 and above. Backward compatibility is not required for even older versions of Python.
+1. Make sure your code works under all [Python](https://www.python.org/) versions supported by yt-dlp, namely CPython and PyPy for Python 3.8 and above. Backward compatibility is not required for even older versions of Python.
 1. When the tests pass, [add](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files, [commit](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this:
 
         $ git add yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTORS b/CONTRIBUTORS
index 71752c20a5ab..8b6b3671eb4a 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTORS
+++ b/CONTRIBUTORS
@@ -524,3 +524,7 @@ peci1
 saintliao
 shubhexists
 SirElderling
+almx
+elivinsky
+starius
+TravisDupes
diff --git a/Changelog.md b/Changelog.md
index a64648120a45..6115446cb862 100644
--- a/Changelog.md
+++ b/Changelog.md
@@ -4,6 +4,23 @@
 # To create a release, dispatch the https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions/workflows/release.yml workflow on master
 -->
 
+### 2023.11.16
+
+#### Extractor changes
+- **abc.net.au**: iview, showseries: [Fix extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/15cb3528cbda7b6198f49a6b5953c226d701696b) ([#8586](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8586)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **beatbump**: [Update `_VALID_URL`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/21dc069bea2d4d99345dd969e098f4535c751d45) ([#8576](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8576)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **dailymotion**: [Improve `_VALID_URL`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a489f071508ec5caf5f32052d142afe86c28df7a) ([#7692](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/7692)) by [TravisDupes](https://github.com/TravisDupes)
+- **drtv**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0783fd558ed0d3a8bc754beb75a406256f8b97b2) ([#8484](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8484)) by [almx](https://github.com/almx), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **eltrecetv**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/dcfad52812aa8ce007cefbfbe63f58b49f6b1046) ([#8216](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8216)) by [elivinsky](https://github.com/elivinsky)
+- **jiosaavn**: [Add extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b530118e7f48232cacf8050d79a6b20bdfcf5468) ([#8307](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8307)) by [awalgarg](https://github.com/awalgarg)
+- **njpwworld**: [Remove](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/e569c2d1f4b665795a2b64f0aaf7f76930664233) ([#8570](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8570)) by [aarubui](https://github.com/aarubui)
+- **tv5mondeplus**: [Extract subtitles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0f634dba3afdc429ece8839b02f6d56c27b7973a) ([#4209](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4209)) by [FrankZ85](https://github.com/FrankZ85)
+- **twitcasting**: [Fix livestream detection](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/2325d03aa7bb80f56ba52cd6992258e44727b424) ([#8574](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8574)) by [JC-Chung](https://github.com/JC-Chung)
+- **zenyandex**: [Fix extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5efe68b73cbf6e907c2e6a3aa338664385084184) ([#8454](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8454)) by [starius](https://github.com/starius)
+
+#### Misc. changes
+- **build**: [Make `secretstorage` an optional dependency](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/24f827875c6ba513f12ed09a3aef2bbed223760d) ([#8585](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8585)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
 ### 2023.11.14
 
 #### Important changes
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 33690f470be6..6fe7fab6a24c 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ Features marked with a **\*** have been back-ported to youtube-dl
 
 Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtube-dlc:
 
-* yt-dlp supports only [Python 3.7+](## "Windows 7"), and *may* remove support for more versions as they [become EOL](https://devguide.python.org/versions/#python-release-cycle); while [youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/30568#issue-1118238743)
+* yt-dlp supports only [Python 3.8+](## "Windows 7"), and *may* remove support for more versions as they [become EOL](https://devguide.python.org/versions/#python-release-cycle); while [youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/30568#issue-1118238743)
 * The options `--auto-number` (`-A`), `--title` (`-t`) and `--literal` (`-l`), no longer work. See [removed options](#Removed) for details
 * `avconv` is not supported as an alternative to `ffmpeg`
 * yt-dlp stores config files in slightly different locations to youtube-dl. See [CONFIGURATION](#configuration) for a list of correct locations
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ gpg --verify SHA2-512SUMS.sig SHA2-512SUMS
 **Note**: The manpages, shell completion (autocomplete) files etc. are available inside the [source tarball](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.tar.gz)
 
 ## DEPENDENCIES
-Python versions 3.7+ (CPython and PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.
+Python versions 3.8+ (CPython and PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.
 
 <!-- Python 3.5+ uses VC++14 and it is already embedded in the binary created
 <!x-- https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=26999 --x>
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ On some systems, you may need to use `py` or `python` instead of `python3`.
 **Important**: Running `pyinstaller` directly **without** using `pyinst.py` is **not** officially supported. This may or may not work correctly.
 
 ### Platform-independent Binary (UNIX)
-You will need the build tools `python` (3.7+), `zip`, `make` (GNU), `pandoc`\* and `pytest`\*.
+You will need the build tools `python` (3.8+), `zip`, `make` (GNU), `pandoc`\* and `pytest`\*.
 
 After installing these, simply run `make`.
 
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 4d2310725315..d983fa03ffcc 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ brotlicffi; implementation_name!='cpython'
 certifi
 requests>=2.31.0,<3
 urllib3>=1.26.17,<3
-secretstorage; sys_platform=='linux' and (implementation_name!='pypy' or implementation_version>='7.3.10')
+websockets>=12.0
diff --git a/setup.cfg b/setup.cfg
index 6deaa797151b..a799f7293e60 100644
--- a/setup.cfg
+++ b/setup.cfg
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ markers =
 
 [tox:tox]
 skipsdist = true
-envlist = py{36,37,38,39,310,311},pypy{36,37,38,39}
+envlist = py{38,39,310,311,312},pypy{38,39,310}
 skip_missing_interpreters = true
 
 [testenv]  # tox
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ setenv =
 
 
 [isort]
-py_version = 37
+py_version = 38
 multi_line_output = VERTICAL_HANGING_INDENT
 line_length = 80
 reverse_relative = true
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 44055b0e9465..3d9a69d10cce 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ def main():
         url='https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp',
         packages=packages(),
         install_requires=REQUIREMENTS,
-        python_requires='>=3.7',
+        python_requires='>=3.8',
         project_urls={
             'Documentation': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#readme',
             'Source': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp',
@@ -164,11 +164,11 @@ def main():
             'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable',
             'Environment :: Console',
             'Programming Language :: Python',
-            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy',
diff --git a/supportedsites.md b/supportedsites.md
index 169da5912da1..0e971c135e2d 100644
--- a/supportedsites.md
+++ b/supportedsites.md
@@ -414,6 +414,7 @@
  - **EllenTubeVideo**
  - **Elonet**
  - **ElPais**: El País
+ - **ElTreceTV**: El Trece TV (Argentina)
  - **Embedly**
  - **EMPFlix**
  - **Engadget**
@@ -654,6 +655,8 @@
  - **Jamendo**
  - **JamendoAlbum**
  - **JeuxVideo**
+ - **JioSaavnAlbum**
+ - **JioSaavnSong**
  - **Joj**
  - **Jove**
  - **JStream**
@@ -976,7 +979,6 @@
  - **Nitter**
  - **njoy**: N-JOY
  - **njoy:embed**
- - **NJPWWorld**: [*njpwworld*](## "netrc machine") 新日本プロレスワールド
  - **NobelPrize**
  - **NoicePodcast**
  - **NonkTube**
diff --git a/test/conftest.py b/test/conftest.py
index 15549d30b9d8..2fbc269e1fb7 100644
--- a/test/conftest.py
+++ b/test/conftest.py
@@ -19,3 +19,8 @@ def handler(request):
         pytest.skip(f'{RH_KEY} request handler is not available')
 
     return functools.partial(handler, logger=FakeLogger)
+
+
+def validate_and_send(rh, req):
+    rh.validate(req)
+    return rh.send(req)
diff --git a/test/helper.py b/test/helper.py
index 539b2f6189c7..7503840be890 100644
--- a/test/helper.py
+++ b/test/helper.py
@@ -214,8 +214,9 @@ def sanitize(key, value):
 
     test_info_dict = {
         key: sanitize(key, value) for key, value in got_dict.items()
-        if value is not None and key not in IGNORED_FIELDS and not any(
-            key.startswith(f'{prefix}_') for prefix in IGNORED_PREFIXES)
+        if value is not None and key not in IGNORED_FIELDS and (
+            not any(key.startswith(f'{prefix}_') for prefix in IGNORED_PREFIXES)
+            or key == '_old_archive_ids')
     }
 
     # display_id may be generated from id
diff --git a/test/test_networking.py b/test/test_networking.py
index 4466fc0485c1..64af6e459a73 100644
--- a/test/test_networking.py
+++ b/test/test_networking.py
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@
 from yt_dlp.utils._utils import _YDLLogger as FakeLogger
 from yt_dlp.utils.networking import HTTPHeaderDict
 
+from test.conftest import validate_and_send
+
 TEST_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
 
 
@@ -275,11 +277,6 @@ def send_header(self, keyword, value):
         self._headers_buffer.append(f'{keyword}: {value}\r\n'.encode())
 
 
-def validate_and_send(rh, req):
-    rh.validate(req)
-    return rh.send(req)
-
-
 class TestRequestHandlerBase:
     @classmethod
     def setup_class(cls):
@@ -872,8 +869,9 @@ def request(self, *args, **kwargs):
     ])
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Requests'], indirect=True)
     def test_response_error_mapping(self, handler, monkeypatch, raised, expected, match):
-        from urllib3.response import HTTPResponse as Urllib3Response
         from requests.models import Response as RequestsResponse
+        from urllib3.response import HTTPResponse as Urllib3Response
+
         from yt_dlp.networking._requests import RequestsResponseAdapter
         requests_res = RequestsResponse()
         requests_res.raw = Urllib3Response(body=b'', status=200)
@@ -929,13 +927,17 @@ class HTTPSupportedRH(ValidationRH):
             ('http', False, {}),
             ('https', False, {}),
         ]),
+        ('Websockets', [
+            ('ws', False, {}),
+            ('wss', False, {}),
+        ]),
         (NoCheckRH, [('http', False, {})]),
         (ValidationRH, [('http', UnsupportedRequest, {})])
     ]
 
     PROXY_SCHEME_TESTS = [
         # scheme, expected to fail
-        ('Urllib', [
+        ('Urllib', 'http', [
             ('http', False),
             ('https', UnsupportedRequest),
             ('socks4', False),
@@ -944,7 +946,7 @@ class HTTPSupportedRH(ValidationRH):
             ('socks5h', False),
             ('socks', UnsupportedRequest),
         ]),
-        ('Requests', [
+        ('Requests', 'http', [
             ('http', False),
             ('https', False),
             ('socks4', False),
@@ -952,8 +954,11 @@ class HTTPSupportedRH(ValidationRH):
             ('socks5', False),
             ('socks5h', False),
         ]),
-        (NoCheckRH, [('http', False)]),
-        (HTTPSupportedRH, [('http', UnsupportedRequest)]),
+        (NoCheckRH, 'http', [('http', False)]),
+        (HTTPSupportedRH, 'http', [('http', UnsupportedRequest)]),
+        ('Websockets', 'ws', [('http', UnsupportedRequest)]),
+        (NoCheckRH, 'http', [('http', False)]),
+        (HTTPSupportedRH, 'http', [('http', UnsupportedRequest)]),
     ]
 
     PROXY_KEY_TESTS = [
@@ -972,7 +977,7 @@ class HTTPSupportedRH(ValidationRH):
     ]
 
     EXTENSION_TESTS = [
-        ('Urllib', [
+        ('Urllib', 'http', [
             ({'cookiejar': 'notacookiejar'}, AssertionError),
             ({'cookiejar': YoutubeDLCookieJar()}, False),
             ({'cookiejar': CookieJar()}, AssertionError),
@@ -980,17 +985,21 @@ class HTTPSupportedRH(ValidationRH):
             ({'timeout': 'notatimeout'}, AssertionError),
             ({'unsupported': 'value'}, UnsupportedRequest),
         ]),
-        ('Requests', [
+        ('Requests', 'http', [
             ({'cookiejar': 'notacookiejar'}, AssertionError),
             ({'cookiejar': YoutubeDLCookieJar()}, False),
             ({'timeout': 1}, False),
             ({'timeout': 'notatimeout'}, AssertionError),
             ({'unsupported': 'value'}, UnsupportedRequest),
         ]),
-        (NoCheckRH, [
+        (NoCheckRH, 'http', [
             ({'cookiejar': 'notacookiejar'}, False),
             ({'somerandom': 'test'}, False),  # but any extension is allowed through
         ]),
+        ('Websockets', 'ws', [
+            ({'cookiejar': YoutubeDLCookieJar()}, False),
+            ({'timeout': 2}, False),
+        ]),
     ]
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,scheme,fail,handler_kwargs', [
@@ -1016,14 +1025,14 @@ def test_proxy_key(self, handler, proxy_key, fail):
         run_validation(handler, fail, Request('http://', proxies={proxy_key: 'http://example.com'}))
         run_validation(handler, fail, Request('http://'), proxies={proxy_key: 'http://example.com'})
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,scheme,fail', [
-        (handler_tests[0], scheme, fail)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,req_scheme,scheme,fail', [
+        (handler_tests[0], handler_tests[1], scheme, fail)
         for handler_tests in PROXY_SCHEME_TESTS
-        for scheme, fail in handler_tests[1]
+        for scheme, fail in handler_tests[2]
     ], indirect=['handler'])
-    def test_proxy_scheme(self, handler, scheme, fail):
-        run_validation(handler, fail, Request('http://', proxies={'http': f'{scheme}://example.com'}))
-        run_validation(handler, fail, Request('http://'), proxies={'http': f'{scheme}://example.com'})
+    def test_proxy_scheme(self, handler, req_scheme, scheme, fail):
+        run_validation(handler, fail, Request(f'{req_scheme}://', proxies={req_scheme: f'{scheme}://example.com'}))
+        run_validation(handler, fail, Request(f'{req_scheme}://'), proxies={req_scheme: f'{scheme}://example.com'})
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Urllib', HTTPSupportedRH, 'Requests'], indirect=True)
     def test_empty_proxy(self, handler):
@@ -1035,14 +1044,14 @@ def test_empty_proxy(self, handler):
     def test_invalid_proxy_url(self, handler, proxy_url):
         run_validation(handler, UnsupportedRequest, Request('http://', proxies={'http': proxy_url}))
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,extensions,fail', [
-        (handler_tests[0], extensions, fail)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,scheme,extensions,fail', [
+        (handler_tests[0], handler_tests[1], extensions, fail)
         for handler_tests in EXTENSION_TESTS
-        for extensions, fail in handler_tests[1]
+        for extensions, fail in handler_tests[2]
     ], indirect=['handler'])
-    def test_extension(self, handler, extensions, fail):
+    def test_extension(self, handler, scheme, extensions, fail):
         run_validation(
-            handler, fail, Request('http://', extensions=extensions))
+            handler, fail, Request(f'{scheme}://', extensions=extensions))
 
     def test_invalid_request_type(self):
         rh = self.ValidationRH(logger=FakeLogger())
@@ -1075,6 +1084,22 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._request_director = self.build_request_director([FakeRH])
 
 
+class AllUnsupportedRHYDL(FakeYDL):
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+
+        class UnsupportedRH(RequestHandler):
+            def _send(self, request: Request):
+                pass
+
+            _SUPPORTED_FEATURES = ()
+            _SUPPORTED_PROXY_SCHEMES = ()
+            _SUPPORTED_URL_SCHEMES = ()
+
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self._request_director = self.build_request_director([UnsupportedRH])
+
+
 class TestRequestDirector:
 
     def test_handler_operations(self):
@@ -1234,6 +1259,12 @@ def test_file_urls_error(self):
             with pytest.raises(RequestError, match=r'file:// URLs are disabled by default'):
                 ydl.urlopen('file://')
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('scheme', (['ws', 'wss']))
+    def test_websocket_unavailable_error(self, scheme):
+        with AllUnsupportedRHYDL() as ydl:
+            with pytest.raises(RequestError, match=r'This request requires WebSocket support'):
+                ydl.urlopen(f'{scheme}://')
+
     def test_legacy_server_connect_error(self):
         with FakeRHYDL() as ydl:
             for error in ('UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION_DISABLED', 'SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE'):
diff --git a/test/test_socks.py b/test/test_socks.py
index d8ac88dad584..71f783e132dc 100644
--- a/test/test_socks.py
+++ b/test/test_socks.py
@@ -210,6 +210,16 @@ def do_GET(self):
             self.wfile.write(payload.encode())
 
 
+class SocksWebSocketTestRequestHandler(SocksTestRequestHandler):
+    def handle(self):
+        import websockets.sync.server
+        protocol = websockets.ServerProtocol()
+        connection = websockets.sync.server.ServerConnection(socket=self.request, protocol=protocol, close_timeout=0)
+        connection.handshake()
+        connection.send(json.dumps(self.socks_info))
+        connection.close()
+
+
 @contextlib.contextmanager
 def socks_server(socks_server_class, request_handler, bind_ip=None, **socks_server_kwargs):
     server = server_thread = None
@@ -252,8 +262,22 @@ def socks_info_request(self, handler, target_domain=None, target_port=None, **re
         return json.loads(handler.send(request).read().decode())
 
 
+class WebSocketSocksTestProxyContext(SocksProxyTestContext):
+    REQUEST_HANDLER_CLASS = SocksWebSocketTestRequestHandler
+
+    def socks_info_request(self, handler, target_domain=None, target_port=None, **req_kwargs):
+        request = Request(f'ws://{target_domain or "127.0.0.1"}:{target_port or "40000"}', **req_kwargs)
+        handler.validate(request)
+        ws = handler.send(request)
+        ws.send('socks_info')
+        socks_info = ws.recv()
+        ws.close()
+        return json.loads(socks_info)
+
+
 CTX_MAP = {
     'http': HTTPSocksTestProxyContext,
+    'ws': WebSocketSocksTestProxyContext,
 }
 
 
@@ -263,7 +287,7 @@ def ctx(request):
 
 
 class TestSocks4Proxy:
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks4_no_auth(self, handler, ctx):
         with handler() as rh:
             with ctx.socks_server(Socks4ProxyHandler) as server_address:
@@ -271,7 +295,7 @@ def test_socks4_no_auth(self, handler, ctx):
                     rh, proxies={'all': f'socks4://{server_address}'})
                 assert response['version'] == 4
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks4_auth(self, handler, ctx):
         with handler() as rh:
             with ctx.socks_server(Socks4ProxyHandler, user_id='user') as server_address:
@@ -281,7 +305,7 @@ def test_socks4_auth(self, handler, ctx):
                     rh, proxies={'all': f'socks4://user:@{server_address}'})
                 assert response['version'] == 4
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks4a_ipv4_target(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks4ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks4a://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -289,7 +313,7 @@ def test_socks4a_ipv4_target(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['version'] == 4
                 assert (response['ipv4_address'] == '127.0.0.1') != (response['domain_address'] == '127.0.0.1')
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks4a_domain_target(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks4ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks4a://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -298,7 +322,7 @@ def test_socks4a_domain_target(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['ipv4_address'] is None
                 assert response['domain_address'] == 'localhost'
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_ipv4_client_source_address(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks4ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             source_address = f'127.0.0.{random.randint(5, 255)}'
@@ -308,7 +332,7 @@ def test_ipv4_client_source_address(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['client_address'][0] == source_address
                 assert response['version'] == 4
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('reply_code', [
         Socks4CD.REQUEST_REJECTED_OR_FAILED,
         Socks4CD.REQUEST_REJECTED_CANNOT_CONNECT_TO_IDENTD,
@@ -320,7 +344,7 @@ def test_socks4_errors(self, handler, ctx, reply_code):
                 with pytest.raises(ProxyError):
                     ctx.socks_info_request(rh)
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_ipv6_socks4_proxy(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks4ProxyHandler, bind_ip='::1') as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks4://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -329,7 +353,7 @@ def test_ipv6_socks4_proxy(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['ipv4_address'] == '127.0.0.1'
                 assert response['version'] == 4
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_timeout(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks4ProxyHandler, sleep=2) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks4://{server_address}'}, timeout=0.5) as rh:
@@ -339,7 +363,7 @@ def test_timeout(self, handler, ctx):
 
 class TestSocks5Proxy:
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks5_no_auth(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks5://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -347,7 +371,7 @@ def test_socks5_no_auth(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['auth_methods'] == [0x0]
                 assert response['version'] == 5
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks5_user_pass(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler, auth=('test', 'testpass')) as server_address:
             with handler() as rh:
@@ -360,7 +384,7 @@ def test_socks5_user_pass(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['auth_methods'] == [Socks5Auth.AUTH_NONE, Socks5Auth.AUTH_USER_PASS]
                 assert response['version'] == 5
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks5_ipv4_target(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks5://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -368,7 +392,7 @@ def test_socks5_ipv4_target(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['ipv4_address'] == '127.0.0.1'
                 assert response['version'] == 5
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks5_domain_target(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks5://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -376,7 +400,7 @@ def test_socks5_domain_target(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert (response['ipv4_address'] == '127.0.0.1') != (response['ipv6_address'] == '::1')
                 assert response['version'] == 5
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks5h_domain_target(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks5h://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -385,7 +409,7 @@ def test_socks5h_domain_target(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['domain_address'] == 'localhost'
                 assert response['version'] == 5
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks5h_ip_target(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks5h://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -394,7 +418,7 @@ def test_socks5h_ip_target(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['domain_address'] is None
                 assert response['version'] == 5
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_socks5_ipv6_destination(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks5://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -402,7 +426,7 @@ def test_socks5_ipv6_destination(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['ipv6_address'] == '::1'
                 assert response['version'] == 5
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_ipv6_socks5_proxy(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler, bind_ip='::1') as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks5://{server_address}'}) as rh:
@@ -413,7 +437,7 @@ def test_ipv6_socks5_proxy(self, handler, ctx):
 
     # XXX: is there any feasible way of testing IPv6 source addresses?
     # Same would go for non-proxy source_address test...
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_ipv4_client_source_address(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler) as server_address:
             source_address = f'127.0.0.{random.randint(5, 255)}'
@@ -422,7 +446,7 @@ def test_ipv4_client_source_address(self, handler, ctx):
                 assert response['client_address'][0] == source_address
                 assert response['version'] == 5
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Requests', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('reply_code', [
         Socks5Reply.GENERAL_FAILURE,
         Socks5Reply.CONNECTION_NOT_ALLOWED,
@@ -439,7 +463,7 @@ def test_socks5_errors(self, handler, ctx, reply_code):
                 with pytest.raises(ProxyError):
                     ctx.socks_info_request(rh)
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http')], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler,ctx', [('Urllib', 'http'), ('Websockets', 'ws')], indirect=True)
     def test_timeout(self, handler, ctx):
         with ctx.socks_server(Socks5ProxyHandler, sleep=2) as server_address:
             with handler(proxies={'all': f'socks5://{server_address}'}, timeout=1) as rh:
diff --git a/test/test_update.py b/test/test_update.py
index 134424a31a38..2a5647e44a26 100644
--- a/test/test_update.py
+++ b/test/test_update.py
@@ -68,25 +68,34 @@
     },
 }
 
-TEST_LOCKFILE_V1 = '''# This file is used for regulating self-update
-lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3.6
-lock 2023.11.13 .+ Python 3.7
+TEST_LOCKFILE_COMMENT = '# This file is used for regulating self-update'
+
+TEST_LOCKFILE_V1 = r'''%s
+lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
+lock 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+lock 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+''' % TEST_LOCKFILE_COMMENT
+
+TEST_LOCKFILE_V2_TMPL = r'''%s
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
 '''
 
-TEST_LOCKFILE_V2 = '''# This file is used for regulating self-update
-lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3.6
-lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.13 .+ Python 3.7
-'''
+TEST_LOCKFILE_V2 = TEST_LOCKFILE_V2_TMPL % TEST_LOCKFILE_COMMENT
+
+TEST_LOCKFILE_ACTUAL = TEST_LOCKFILE_V2_TMPL % TEST_LOCKFILE_V1.rstrip('\n')
 
-TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2 = '''# This file is used for regulating self-update
-lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3.6
-lock 2023.11.13 .+ Python 3.7
-lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3.6
-lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.13 .+ Python 3.7
+TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK = r'''%s# Test if a fork blocks updates to non-numeric tags
 lockV2 fork/yt-dlp pr0000 .+ Python 3.6
-lockV2 fork/yt-dlp pr1234 .+ Python 3.7
+lockV2 fork/yt-dlp pr1234 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+lockV2 fork/yt-dlp pr1234 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
 lockV2 fork/yt-dlp pr9999 .+ Python 3.11
-'''
+''' % TEST_LOCKFILE_ACTUAL
 
 
 class FakeUpdater(Updater):
@@ -97,7 +106,7 @@ class FakeUpdater(Updater):
     _origin = 'yt-dlp/yt-dlp'
 
     def _download_update_spec(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        return TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2
+        return TEST_LOCKFILE_ACTUAL
 
     def _call_api(self, tag):
         tag = f'tags/{tag}' if tag != 'latest' else tag
@@ -112,7 +121,7 @@ class TestUpdate(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_update_spec(self):
         ydl = FakeYDL()
-        updater = FakeUpdater(ydl, 'stable@latest')
+        updater = FakeUpdater(ydl, 'stable')
 
         def test(lockfile, identifier, input_tag, expect_tag, exact=False, repo='yt-dlp/yt-dlp'):
             updater._identifier = identifier
@@ -124,35 +133,46 @@ def test(lockfile, identifier, input_tag, expect_tag, exact=False, repo='yt-dlp/
                 f'{identifier!r} requesting {repo}@{input_tag} (exact={exact}) '
                 f'returned {result!r} instead of {expect_tag!r}')
 
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, 'zip Python 3.11.0', '2023.11.13', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, 'zip stable Python 3.11.0', '2023.11.13', '2023.11.13', exact=True)
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, 'zip Python 3.6.0', '2023.11.13', '2022.08.18.36')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, 'zip stable Python 3.6.0', '2023.11.13', None, exact=True)
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, 'zip Python 3.7.0', '2023.11.13', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, 'zip stable Python 3.7.1', '2023.11.13', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, 'zip Python 3.7.1', '2023.12.31', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, 'zip stable Python 3.7.1', '2023.12.31', '2023.11.13')
-
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V2, 'zip Python 3.11.1', '2023.11.13', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V2, 'zip stable Python 3.11.1', '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V2, 'zip Python 3.6.1', '2023.11.13', '2022.08.18.36')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V2, 'zip stable Python 3.7.2', '2023.11.13', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V2, 'zip Python 3.7.2', '2023.12.31', '2023.11.13')
-
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.11.2', '2023.11.13', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip stable Python 3.11.2', '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.6.2', '2023.11.13', '2022.08.18.36')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip stable Python 3.7.3', '2023.11.13', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.7.3', '2023.12.31', '2023.11.13')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.6.3', 'pr0000', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip stable Python 3.7.4', 'pr0000', 'pr0000', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.6.4', 'pr0000', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.7.4', 'pr1234', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip stable Python 3.8.1', 'pr1234', 'pr1234', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.7.5', 'pr1234', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.11.3', 'pr9999', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip stable Python 3.12.0', 'pr9999', 'pr9999', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_V1_V2, 'zip Python 3.11.4', 'pr9999', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        for lockfile in (TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, TEST_LOCKFILE_V2, TEST_LOCKFILE_ACTUAL, TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK):
+            # Normal operation
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.12.0', '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31')
+            test(lockfile, 'zip stable Python 3.12.0', '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31', exact=True)
+            # Python 3.6 --update should update only to its lock
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.6.0', '2023.11.16', '2022.08.18.36')
+            # --update-to an exact version later than the lock should return None
+            test(lockfile, 'zip stable Python 3.6.0', '2023.11.16', None, exact=True)
+            # Python 3.7 should be able to update to its lock
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.7.0', '2023.11.16', '2023.11.16')
+            test(lockfile, 'zip stable Python 3.7.1', '2023.11.16', '2023.11.16', exact=True)
+            # Non-win_x86_exe builds on py3.7 must be locked
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.7.1', '2023.12.31', '2023.11.16')
+            test(lockfile, 'zip stable Python 3.7.1', '2023.12.31', None, exact=True)
+            test(  # Windows Vista w/ win_x86_exe must be locked
+                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe stable Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-Vista-6.0.6003-SP2',
+                '2023.12.31', '2023.11.16')
+            test(  # Windows 2008Server w/ win_x86_exe must be locked
+                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-2008Server',
+                '2023.12.31', None, exact=True)
+            test(  # Windows 7 w/ win_x86_exe py3.7 build should be able to update beyond lock
+                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe stable Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1',
+                '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31')
+            test(  # Windows 8.1 w/ '2008Server' in platform string should be able to update beyond lock
+                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-post2008Server-6.2.9200',
+                '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31', exact=True)
+
+        # Forks can block updates to non-numeric tags rather than lock
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.6.3', 'pr0000', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip stable Python 3.7.4', 'pr0000', 'pr0000', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip stable Python 3.7.4', 'pr1234', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.8.1', 'pr1234', 'pr1234', repo='fork/yt-dlp', exact=True)
+        test(
+            TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'win_x86_exe stable Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-Vista-6.0.6003-SP2',
+            'pr1234', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        test(
+            TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'win_x86_exe stable Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1',
+            '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.11.2', 'pr9999', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp', exact=True)
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip stable Python 3.12.0', 'pr9999', 'pr9999', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
 
     def test_query_update(self):
         ydl = FakeYDL()
diff --git a/test/test_websockets.py b/test/test_websockets.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..39d3c7d72214
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_websockets.py
@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Allow direct execution
+import os
+import sys
+
+import pytest
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+
+import http.client
+import http.cookiejar
+import http.server
+import json
+import random
+import ssl
+import threading
+
+from yt_dlp import socks
+from yt_dlp.cookies import YoutubeDLCookieJar
+from yt_dlp.dependencies import websockets
+from yt_dlp.networking import Request
+from yt_dlp.networking.exceptions import (
+    CertificateVerifyError,
+    HTTPError,
+    ProxyError,
+    RequestError,
+    SSLError,
+    TransportError,
+)
+from yt_dlp.utils.networking import HTTPHeaderDict
+
+from test.conftest import validate_and_send
+
+TEST_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+
+
+def websocket_handler(websocket):
+    for message in websocket:
+        if isinstance(message, bytes):
+            if message == b'bytes':
+                return websocket.send('2')
+        elif isinstance(message, str):
+            if message == 'headers':
+                return websocket.send(json.dumps(dict(websocket.request.headers)))
+            elif message == 'path':
+                return websocket.send(websocket.request.path)
+            elif message == 'source_address':
+                return websocket.send(websocket.remote_address[0])
+            elif message == 'str':
+                return websocket.send('1')
+        return websocket.send(message)
+
+
+def process_request(self, request):
+    if request.path.startswith('/gen_'):
+        status = http.HTTPStatus(int(request.path[5:]))
+        if 300 <= status.value <= 300:
+            return websockets.http11.Response(
+                status.value, status.phrase, websockets.datastructures.Headers([('Location', '/')]), b'')
+        return self.protocol.reject(status.value, status.phrase)
+    return self.protocol.accept(request)
+
+
+def create_websocket_server(**ws_kwargs):
+    import websockets.sync.server
+    wsd = websockets.sync.server.serve(websocket_handler, '127.0.0.1', 0, process_request=process_request, **ws_kwargs)
+    ws_port = wsd.socket.getsockname()[1]
+    ws_server_thread = threading.Thread(target=wsd.serve_forever)
+    ws_server_thread.daemon = True
+    ws_server_thread.start()
+    return ws_server_thread, ws_port
+
+
+def create_ws_websocket_server():
+    return create_websocket_server()
+
+
+def create_wss_websocket_server():
+    certfn = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, 'testcert.pem')
+    sslctx = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
+    sslctx.load_cert_chain(certfn, None)
+    return create_websocket_server(ssl_context=sslctx)
+
+
+MTLS_CERT_DIR = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, 'testdata', 'certificate')
+
+
+def create_mtls_wss_websocket_server():
+    certfn = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, 'testcert.pem')
+    cacertfn = os.path.join(MTLS_CERT_DIR, 'ca.crt')
+
+    sslctx = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
+    sslctx.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+    sslctx.load_verify_locations(cafile=cacertfn)
+    sslctx.load_cert_chain(certfn, None)
+
+    return create_websocket_server(ssl_context=sslctx)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not websockets, reason='websockets must be installed to test websocket request handlers')
+class TestWebsSocketRequestHandlerConformance:
+    @classmethod
+    def setup_class(cls):
+        cls.ws_thread, cls.ws_port = create_ws_websocket_server()
+        cls.ws_base_url = f'ws://127.0.0.1:{cls.ws_port}'
+
+        cls.wss_thread, cls.wss_port = create_wss_websocket_server()
+        cls.wss_base_url = f'wss://127.0.0.1:{cls.wss_port}'
+
+        cls.bad_wss_thread, cls.bad_wss_port = create_websocket_server(ssl_context=ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER))
+        cls.bad_wss_host = f'wss://127.0.0.1:{cls.bad_wss_port}'
+
+        cls.mtls_wss_thread, cls.mtls_wss_port = create_mtls_wss_websocket_server()
+        cls.mtls_wss_base_url = f'wss://127.0.0.1:{cls.mtls_wss_port}'
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_basic_websockets(self, handler):
+        with handler() as rh:
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
+            assert 'upgrade' in ws.headers
+            assert ws.status == 101
+            ws.send('foo')
+            assert ws.recv() == 'foo'
+            ws.close()
+
+    # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455.html#section-5.6
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('msg,opcode', [('str', 1), (b'bytes', 2)])
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_send_types(self, handler, msg, opcode):
+        with handler() as rh:
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
+            ws.send(msg)
+            assert int(ws.recv()) == opcode
+            ws.close()
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_verify_cert(self, handler):
+        with handler() as rh:
+            with pytest.raises(CertificateVerifyError):
+                validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.wss_base_url))
+
+        with handler(verify=False) as rh:
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.wss_base_url))
+            assert ws.status == 101
+            ws.close()
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_ssl_error(self, handler):
+        with handler(verify=False) as rh:
+            with pytest.raises(SSLError, match='sslv3 alert handshake failure') as exc_info:
+                validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.bad_wss_host))
+            assert not issubclass(exc_info.type, CertificateVerifyError)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('path,expected', [
+        # Unicode characters should be encoded with uppercase percent-encoding
+        ('/中文', '/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87'),
+        # don't normalize existing percent encodings
+        ('/%c7%9f', '/%c7%9f'),
+    ])
+    def test_percent_encode(self, handler, path, expected):
+        with handler() as rh:
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(f'{self.ws_base_url}{path}'))
+            ws.send('path')
+            assert ws.recv() == expected
+            assert ws.status == 101
+            ws.close()
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_remove_dot_segments(self, handler):
+        with handler() as rh:
+            # This isn't a comprehensive test,
+            # but it should be enough to check whether the handler is removing dot segments
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(f'{self.ws_base_url}/a/b/./../../test'))
+            assert ws.status == 101
+            ws.send('path')
+            assert ws.recv() == '/test'
+            ws.close()
+
+    # We are restricted to known HTTP status codes in http.HTTPStatus
+    # Redirects are not supported for websockets
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('status', (200, 204, 301, 302, 303, 400, 500, 511))
+    def test_raise_http_error(self, handler, status):
+        with handler() as rh:
+            with pytest.raises(HTTPError) as exc_info:
+                validate_and_send(rh, Request(f'{self.ws_base_url}/gen_{status}'))
+            assert exc_info.value.status == status
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('params,extensions', [
+        ({'timeout': 0.00001}, {}),
+        ({}, {'timeout': 0.00001}),
+    ])
+    def test_timeout(self, handler, params, extensions):
+        with handler(**params) as rh:
+            with pytest.raises(TransportError):
+                validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url, extensions=extensions))
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_cookies(self, handler):
+        cookiejar = YoutubeDLCookieJar()
+        cookiejar.set_cookie(http.cookiejar.Cookie(
+            version=0, name='test', value='ytdlp', port=None, port_specified=False,
+            domain='127.0.0.1', domain_specified=True, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/',
+            path_specified=True, secure=False, expires=None, discard=False, comment=None,
+            comment_url=None, rest={}))
+
+        with handler(cookiejar=cookiejar) as rh:
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
+            ws.send('headers')
+            assert json.loads(ws.recv())['cookie'] == 'test=ytdlp'
+            ws.close()
+
+        with handler() as rh:
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
+            ws.send('headers')
+            assert 'cookie' not in json.loads(ws.recv())
+            ws.close()
+
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url, extensions={'cookiejar': cookiejar}))
+            ws.send('headers')
+            assert json.loads(ws.recv())['cookie'] == 'test=ytdlp'
+            ws.close()
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_source_address(self, handler):
+        source_address = f'127.0.0.{random.randint(5, 255)}'
+        with handler(source_address=source_address) as rh:
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
+            ws.send('source_address')
+            assert source_address == ws.recv()
+            ws.close()
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_response_url(self, handler):
+        with handler() as rh:
+            url = f'{self.ws_base_url}/something'
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(url))
+            assert ws.url == url
+            ws.close()
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_request_headers(self, handler):
+        with handler(headers=HTTPHeaderDict({'test1': 'test', 'test2': 'test2'})) as rh:
+            # Global Headers
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
+            ws.send('headers')
+            headers = HTTPHeaderDict(json.loads(ws.recv()))
+            assert headers['test1'] == 'test'
+            ws.close()
+
+            # Per request headers, merged with global
+            ws = validate_and_send(rh, Request(
+                self.ws_base_url, headers={'test2': 'changed', 'test3': 'test3'}))
+            ws.send('headers')
+            headers = HTTPHeaderDict(json.loads(ws.recv()))
+            assert headers['test1'] == 'test'
+            assert headers['test2'] == 'changed'
+            assert headers['test3'] == 'test3'
+            ws.close()
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('client_cert', (
+        {'client_certificate': os.path.join(MTLS_CERT_DIR, 'clientwithkey.crt')},
+        {
+            'client_certificate': os.path.join(MTLS_CERT_DIR, 'client.crt'),
+            'client_certificate_key': os.path.join(MTLS_CERT_DIR, 'client.key'),
+        },
+        {
+            'client_certificate': os.path.join(MTLS_CERT_DIR, 'clientwithencryptedkey.crt'),
+            'client_certificate_password': 'foobar',
+        },
+        {
+            'client_certificate': os.path.join(MTLS_CERT_DIR, 'client.crt'),
+            'client_certificate_key': os.path.join(MTLS_CERT_DIR, 'clientencrypted.key'),
+            'client_certificate_password': 'foobar',
+        }
+    ))
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+    def test_mtls(self, handler, client_cert):
+        with handler(
+            # Disable client-side validation of unacceptable self-signed testcert.pem
+            # The test is of a check on the server side, so unaffected
+            verify=False,
+            client_cert=client_cert
+        ) as rh:
+            validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.mtls_wss_base_url)).close()
+
+
+def create_fake_ws_connection(raised):
+    import websockets.sync.client
+
+    class FakeWsConnection(websockets.sync.client.ClientConnection):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            class FakeResponse:
+                body = b''
+                headers = {}
+                status_code = 101
+                reason_phrase = 'test'
+
+            self.response = FakeResponse()
+
+        def send(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise raised()
+
+        def recv(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise raised()
+
+        def close(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            return
+
+    return FakeWsConnection()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Websockets'], indirect=True)
+class TestWebsocketsRequestHandler:
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('raised,expected', [
+        # https://websockets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/exceptions.html
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.InvalidURI(msg='test', uri='test://'), RequestError),
+        # Requires a response object. Should be covered by HTTP error tests.
+        # (lambda: websockets.exceptions.InvalidStatus(), TransportError),
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.InvalidHandshake(), TransportError),
+        # These are subclasses of InvalidHandshake
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.InvalidHeader(name='test'), TransportError),
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.NegotiationError(), TransportError),
+        # Catch-all
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.WebSocketException(), TransportError),
+        (lambda: TimeoutError(), TransportError),
+        # These may be raised by our create_connection implementation, which should also be caught
+        (lambda: OSError(), TransportError),
+        (lambda: ssl.SSLError(), SSLError),
+        (lambda: ssl.SSLCertVerificationError(), CertificateVerifyError),
+        (lambda: socks.ProxyError(), ProxyError),
+    ])
+    def test_request_error_mapping(self, handler, monkeypatch, raised, expected):
+        import websockets.sync.client
+
+        import yt_dlp.networking._websockets
+        with handler() as rh:
+            def fake_connect(*args, **kwargs):
+                raise raised()
+            monkeypatch.setattr(yt_dlp.networking._websockets, 'create_connection', lambda *args, **kwargs: None)
+            monkeypatch.setattr(websockets.sync.client, 'connect', fake_connect)
+            with pytest.raises(expected) as exc_info:
+                rh.send(Request('ws://fake-url'))
+            assert exc_info.type is expected
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('raised,expected,match', [
+        # https://websockets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/sync/client.html#websockets.sync.client.ClientConnection.send
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed(None, None), TransportError, None),
+        (lambda: RuntimeError(), TransportError, None),
+        (lambda: TimeoutError(), TransportError, None),
+        (lambda: TypeError(), RequestError, None),
+        (lambda: socks.ProxyError(), ProxyError, None),
+        # Catch-all
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.WebSocketException(), TransportError, None),
+    ])
+    def test_ws_send_error_mapping(self, handler, monkeypatch, raised, expected, match):
+        from yt_dlp.networking._websockets import WebsocketsResponseAdapter
+        ws = WebsocketsResponseAdapter(create_fake_ws_connection(raised), url='ws://fake-url')
+        with pytest.raises(expected, match=match) as exc_info:
+            ws.send('test')
+        assert exc_info.type is expected
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('raised,expected,match', [
+        # https://websockets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/sync/client.html#websockets.sync.client.ClientConnection.recv
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed(None, None), TransportError, None),
+        (lambda: RuntimeError(), TransportError, None),
+        (lambda: TimeoutError(), TransportError, None),
+        (lambda: socks.ProxyError(), ProxyError, None),
+        # Catch-all
+        (lambda: websockets.exceptions.WebSocketException(), TransportError, None),
+    ])
+    def test_ws_recv_error_mapping(self, handler, monkeypatch, raised, expected, match):
+        from yt_dlp.networking._websockets import WebsocketsResponseAdapter
+        ws = WebsocketsResponseAdapter(create_fake_ws_connection(raised), url='ws://fake-url')
+        with pytest.raises(expected, match=match) as exc_info:
+            ws.recv()
+        assert exc_info.type is expected
diff --git a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
index 740826b45239..32ae25aa01df 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
@@ -625,13 +625,16 @@ def __init__(self, params=None, auto_init=True):
                     'Overwriting params from "color" with "no_color"')
             self.params['color'] = 'no_color'
 
-        term_allow_color = os.environ.get('TERM', '').lower() != 'dumb'
+        term_allow_color = os.getenv('TERM', '').lower() != 'dumb'
+        no_color = bool(os.getenv('NO_COLOR'))
 
         def process_color_policy(stream):
             stream_name = {sys.stdout: 'stdout', sys.stderr: 'stderr'}[stream]
             policy = traverse_obj(self.params, ('color', (stream_name, None), {str}), get_all=False)
             if policy in ('auto', None):
-                return term_allow_color and supports_terminal_sequences(stream)
+                if term_allow_color and supports_terminal_sequences(stream):
+                    return 'no_color' if no_color else True
+                return False
             assert policy in ('always', 'never', 'no_color'), policy
             return {'always': True, 'never': False}.get(policy, policy)
 
@@ -4052,6 +4055,7 @@ def urlopen(self, req):
             return self._request_director.send(req)
         except NoSupportingHandlers as e:
             for ue in e.unsupported_errors:
+                # FIXME: This depends on the order of errors.
                 if not (ue.handler and ue.msg):
                     continue
                 if ue.handler.RH_KEY == 'Urllib' and 'unsupported url scheme: "file"' in ue.msg.lower():
@@ -4061,6 +4065,15 @@ def urlopen(self, req):
                 if 'unsupported proxy type: "https"' in ue.msg.lower():
                     raise RequestError(
                         'To use an HTTPS proxy for this request, one of the following dependencies needs to be installed: requests')
+
+                elif (
+                    re.match(r'unsupported url scheme: "wss?"', ue.msg.lower())
+                    and 'websockets' not in self._request_director.handlers
+                ):
+                    raise RequestError(
+                        'This request requires WebSocket support. '
+                        'Ensure one of the following dependencies are installed: websockets',
+                        cause=ue) from ue
             raise
         except SSLError as e:
             if 'UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION_DISABLED' in str(e):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/__init__.py
index 991dbcda7e65..446f0c47b9bd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/__init__.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-try:
-    import contextvars  # noqa: F401
-except Exception:
-    raise Exception(
-        f'You are using an unsupported version of Python. Only Python versions 3.7 and above are supported by yt-dlp')  # noqa: F541
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+    raise ImportError(
+        f'You are using an unsupported version of Python. Only Python versions 3.8 and above are supported by yt-dlp')  # noqa: F541
 
 __license__ = 'Public Domain'
 
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 import optparse
 import os
 import re
-import sys
 import traceback
 
 from .compat import compat_shlex_quote
diff --git a/yt_dlp/compat/functools.py b/yt_dlp/compat/functools.py
index ec003ea90e07..36c983642df1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/compat/functools.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/compat/functools.py
@@ -10,17 +10,3 @@
     cache  # >= 3.9
 except NameError:
     cache = lru_cache(maxsize=None)
-
-try:
-    cached_property  # >= 3.8
-except NameError:
-    class cached_property:
-        def __init__(self, func):
-            update_wrapper(self, func)
-            self.func = func
-
-        def __get__(self, instance, _):
-            if instance is None:
-                return self
-            setattr(instance, self.func.__name__, self.func(instance))
-            return getattr(instance, self.func.__name__)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/niconico.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/niconico.py
index 5720f6eb8ff4..fef8bff73ad9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/niconico.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/niconico.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from .common import FileDownloader
 from .external import FFmpegFD
 from ..networking import Request
-from ..utils import DownloadError, WebSocketsWrapper, str_or_none, try_get
+from ..utils import DownloadError, str_or_none, try_get
 
 
 class NiconicoDmcFD(FileDownloader):
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ def real_download(self, filename, info_dict):
         ws_url = info_dict['url']
         ws_extractor = info_dict['ws']
         ws_origin_host = info_dict['origin']
-        cookies = info_dict.get('cookies')
         live_quality = info_dict.get('live_quality', 'high')
         live_latency = info_dict.get('live_latency', 'high')
         dl = FFmpegFD(self.ydl, self.params or {})
@@ -76,12 +75,7 @@ def real_download(self, filename, info_dict):
 
         def communicate_ws(reconnect):
             if reconnect:
-                ws = WebSocketsWrapper(ws_url, {
-                    'Cookies': str_or_none(cookies) or '',
-                    'Origin': f'https://{ws_origin_host}',
-                    'Accept': '*/*',
-                    'User-Agent': self.params['http_headers']['User-Agent'],
-                })
+                ws = self.ydl.urlopen(Request(ws_url, headers={'Origin': f'https://{ws_origin_host}'}))
                 if self.ydl.params.get('verbose', False):
                     self.to_screen('[debug] Sending startWatching request')
                 ws.send(json.dumps({
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
index 8b036bb69ede..128b86c1afc5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
@@ -81,12 +81,20 @@
 from .airtv import AirTVIE
 from .aitube import AitubeKZVideoIE
 from .aljazeera import AlJazeeraIE
+from .allstar import (
+    AllstarIE,
+    AllstarProfileIE,
+)
 from .alphaporno import AlphaPornoIE
-from .amara import AmaraIE
+from .altcensored import (
+    AltCensoredIE,
+    AltCensoredChannelIE,
+)
 from .alura import (
     AluraIE,
     AluraCourseIE
 )
+from .amara import AmaraIE
 from .amcnetworks import AMCNetworksIE
 from .amazon import (
     AmazonStoreIE,
@@ -212,6 +220,8 @@
     BiliBiliBangumiIE,
     BiliBiliBangumiSeasonIE,
     BiliBiliBangumiMediaIE,
+    BilibiliCheeseIE,
+    BilibiliCheeseSeasonIE,
     BiliBiliSearchIE,
     BilibiliCategoryIE,
     BilibiliAudioIE,
@@ -541,6 +551,7 @@
     DropoutSeasonIE,
     DropoutIE
 )
+from .duoplay import DuoplayIE
 from .dw import (
     DWIE,
     DWArticleIE,
@@ -565,6 +576,7 @@
 )
 from .elonet import ElonetIE
 from .elpais import ElPaisIE
+from .eltrecetv import ElTreceTVIE
 from .embedly import EmbedlyIE
 from .engadget import EngadgetIE
 from .epicon import (
@@ -893,6 +905,10 @@
     SangiinIE,
 )
 from .jeuxvideo import JeuxVideoIE
+from .jiosaavn import (
+    JioSaavnSongIE,
+    JioSaavnAlbumIE,
+)
 from .jove import JoveIE
 from .joj import JojIE
 from .jstream import JStreamIE
@@ -1231,6 +1247,7 @@
 from .ndtv import NDTVIE
 from .nebula import (
     NebulaIE,
+    NebulaClassIE,
     NebulaSubscriptionsIE,
     NebulaChannelIE,
 )
@@ -1320,7 +1337,6 @@
 from .ninenow import NineNowIE
 from .nintendo import NintendoIE
 from .nitter import NitterIE
-from .njpwworld import NJPWWorldIE
 from .nobelprize import NobelPrizeIE
 from .noice import NoicePodcastIE
 from .nonktube import NonkTubeIE
@@ -2020,6 +2036,10 @@
 from .testurl import TestURLIE
 from .tf1 import TF1IE
 from .tfo import TFOIE
+from .theguardian import (
+    TheGuardianPodcastIE,
+    TheGuardianPodcastPlaylistIE,
+)
 from .theholetv import TheHoleTvIE
 from .theintercept import TheInterceptIE
 from .theplatform import (
@@ -2292,6 +2312,7 @@
     VidioLiveIE
 )
 from .vidlii import VidLiiIE
+from .vidly import VidlyIE
 from .viewlift import (
     ViewLiftIE,
     ViewLiftEmbedIE,
@@ -2584,6 +2605,9 @@
     ZingMp3ChartMusicVideoIE,
     ZingMp3UserIE,
     ZingMp3HubIE,
+    ZingMp3LiveRadioIE,
+    ZingMp3PodcastEpisodeIE,
+    ZingMp3PodcastIE,
 )
 from .zoom import ZoomIE
 from .zype import ZypeIE
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py
index 9d527246a126..a7b614ca19c7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
     try_get,
     unescapeHTML,
     update_url_query,
+    url_or_none,
 )
 
 
@@ -379,6 +380,18 @@ class ABCIViewShowSeriesIE(InfoExtractor):
             'noplaylist': True,
             'skip_download': 'm3u8',
         },
+    }, {
+        # 'videoEpisodes' is a dict with `items` key
+        'url': 'https://iview.abc.net.au/show/7-30-mark-humphries-satire',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '178458-0',
+            'title': 'Episodes',
+            'description': 'Satirist Mark Humphries brings his unique perspective on current political events for 7.30.',
+            'series': '7.30 Mark Humphries Satire',
+            'season': 'Episodes',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://cdn\.iview\.abc\.net\.au/thumbs/.*\.jpg$'
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 15,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -398,12 +411,14 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
         series = video_data['selectedSeries']
         return {
             '_type': 'playlist',
-            'entries': [self.url_result(episode['shareUrl'])
-                        for episode in series['_embedded']['videoEpisodes']],
+            'entries': [self.url_result(episode_url, ABCIViewIE)
+                        for episode_url in traverse_obj(series, (
+                            '_embedded', 'videoEpisodes', (None, 'items'), ..., 'shareUrl', {url_or_none}))],
             'id': series.get('id'),
             'title': dict_get(series, ('title', 'displaySubtitle')),
             'description': series.get('description'),
             'series': dict_get(series, ('showTitle', 'displayTitle')),
             'season': dict_get(series, ('title', 'displaySubtitle')),
-            'thumbnail': series.get('thumbnail'),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(
+                series, 'thumbnail', ('images', lambda _, v: v['name'] == 'seriesThumbnail', 'url'), get_all=False),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
index 2a093580ccc1..57ccb928be94 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
@@ -211,7 +211,8 @@ class AbemaTVIE(AbemaTVBaseIE):
             'id': '194-25_s2_p1',
             'title': '第1話 「チーズケーキ」　「モーニング再び」',
             'series': '異世界食堂２',
-            'series_number': 2,
+            'season': 'シーズン2',
+            'season_number': 2,
             'episode': '第1話 「チーズケーキ」　「モーニング再び」',
             'episode_number': 1,
         },
@@ -347,12 +348,12 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                     )?
                 ''', r'\1', og_desc)
 
-        # canonical URL may contain series and episode number
+        # canonical URL may contain season and episode number
         mobj = re.search(r's(\d+)_p(\d+)$', canonical_url)
         if mobj:
             seri = int_or_none(mobj.group(1), default=float('inf'))
             epis = int_or_none(mobj.group(2), default=float('inf'))
-            info['series_number'] = seri if seri < 100 else None
+            info['season_number'] = seri if seri < 100 else None
             # some anime like Detective Conan (though not available in AbemaTV)
             # has more than 1000 episodes (1026 as of 2021/11/15)
             info['episode_number'] = epis if epis < 2000 else None
@@ -381,7 +382,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 self.report_warning('This is a premium-only stream')
             info.update(traverse_obj(api_response, {
                 'series': ('series', 'title'),
-                'season': ('season', 'title'),
+                'season': ('season', 'name'),
                 'season_number': ('season', 'sequence'),
                 'episode_number': ('episode', 'number'),
             }))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/allstar.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/allstar.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..87219f2f8d39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/allstar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+import functools
+import json
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    OnDemandPagedList,
+    int_or_none,
+    join_nonempty,
+    parse_qs,
+    urljoin,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
+
+
+_FIELDS = '''
+    _id
+    clipImageSource
+    clipImageThumb
+    clipLink
+    clipTitle
+    createdDate
+    shareId
+    user { _id }
+    username
+    views'''
+
+_EXTRA_FIELDS = '''
+    clipLength
+    clipSizeBytes'''
+
+_QUERIES = {
+    'clip': '''query ($id: String!) {
+        video: getClip(clipIdentifier: $id) {
+            %s %s
+        }
+    }''' % (_FIELDS, _EXTRA_FIELDS),
+    'montage': '''query ($id: String!) {
+        video: getMontage(clipIdentifier: $id) {
+            %s
+        }
+    }''' % _FIELDS,
+    'Clips': '''query ($page: Int!, $user: String!, $game: Int) {
+        videos: clips(search: createdDate, page: $page, user: $user, mobile: false, game: $game) {
+            data { %s %s }
+        }
+    }''' % (_FIELDS, _EXTRA_FIELDS),
+    'Montages': '''query ($page: Int!, $user: String!) {
+        videos: montages(search: createdDate, page: $page, user: $user) {
+            data { %s }
+        }
+    }''' % _FIELDS,
+    'Mobile Clips': '''query ($page: Int!, $user: String!) {
+        videos: clips(search: createdDate, page: $page, user: $user, mobile: true) {
+            data { %s %s }
+        }
+    }''' % (_FIELDS, _EXTRA_FIELDS),
+}
+
+
+class AllstarBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    @staticmethod
+    def _parse_video_data(video_data):
+        def media_url_or_none(path):
+            return urljoin('https://media.allstar.gg/', path)
+
+        info = traverse_obj(video_data, {
+            'id': ('_id', {str}),
+            'display_id': ('shareId', {str}),
+            'title': ('clipTitle', {str}),
+            'url': ('clipLink', {media_url_or_none}),
+            'thumbnails': (('clipImageThumb', 'clipImageSource'), {'url': {media_url_or_none}}),
+            'duration': ('clipLength', {int_or_none}),
+            'filesize': ('clipSizeBytes', {int_or_none}),
+            'timestamp': ('createdDate', {functools.partial(int_or_none, scale=1000)}),
+            'uploader': ('username', {str}),
+            'uploader_id': ('user', '_id', {str}),
+            'view_count': ('views', {int_or_none}),
+        })
+
+        if info.get('id') and info.get('url'):
+            basename = 'clip' if '/clips/' in info['url'] else 'montage'
+            info['webpage_url'] = f'https://allstar.gg/{basename}?{basename}={info["id"]}'
+
+        info.update({
+            'extractor_key': AllstarIE.ie_key(),
+            'extractor': AllstarIE.IE_NAME,
+            'uploader_url': urljoin('https://allstar.gg/u/', info.get('uploader_id')),
+        })
+
+        return info
+
+    def _call_api(self, query, variables, path, video_id=None, note=None):
+        response = self._download_json(
+            'https://a1.allstar.gg/graphql', video_id, note=note,
+            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
+            data=json.dumps({'variables': variables, 'query': query}).encode())
+
+        errors = traverse_obj(response, ('errors', ..., 'message', {str}))
+        if errors:
+            raise ExtractorError('; '.join(errors))
+
+        return traverse_obj(response, path)
+
+
+class AllstarIE(AllstarBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?allstar\.gg/(?P<type>(?:clip|montage))\?(?P=type)=(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://allstar.gg/clip?clip=64482c2da9eec30008a67d1b',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '64482c2da9eec30008a67d1b',
+            'title': '4K on Inferno',
+            'url': 'md5:66befb5381eef0c9456026386c25fa55',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://media\.allstar\.gg/.+\.(?:png|jpg)$',
+            'uploader': 'chrk.',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'duration': 20,
+            'filesize': 21199257,
+            'timestamp': 1682451501,
+            'uploader_id': '62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://allstar.gg/u/62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+            'upload_date': '20230425',
+            'view_count': int,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://allstar.gg/clip?clip=8LJLY4JKB',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '64a1ec6b887f4c0008dc50b8',
+            'display_id': '8LJLY4JKB',
+            'title': 'AK-47 3K on Mirage',
+            'url': 'md5:dde224fd12f035c0e2529a4ae34c4283',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://media\.allstar\.gg/.+\.(?:png|jpg)$',
+            'duration': 16,
+            'filesize': 30175859,
+            'timestamp': 1688333419,
+            'uploader': 'cherokee',
+            'uploader_id': '62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://allstar.gg/u/62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+            'upload_date': '20230702',
+            'view_count': int,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://allstar.gg/montage?montage=643e64089da7e9363e1fa66c',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '643e64089da7e9363e1fa66c',
+            'display_id': 'APQLGM2IMXW',
+            'title': 'cherokee Rapid Fire Snipers Montage',
+            'url': 'md5:a3ee356022115db2b27c81321d195945',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://media\.allstar\.gg/.+\.(?:png|jpg)$',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'timestamp': 1681810448,
+            'uploader': 'cherokee',
+            'uploader_id': '62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://allstar.gg/u/62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+            'upload_date': '20230418',
+            'view_count': int,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://allstar.gg/montage?montage=RILJMH6QOS',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '64a2697372ce3703de29e868',
+            'display_id': 'RILJMH6QOS',
+            'title': 'cherokee Rapid Fire Snipers Montage',
+            'url': 'md5:d5672e6f88579730c2310a80fdbc4030',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://media\.allstar\.gg/.+\.(?:png|jpg)$',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'timestamp': 1688365434,
+            'uploader': 'cherokee',
+            'uploader_id': '62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://allstar.gg/u/62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+            'upload_date': '20230703',
+            'view_count': int,
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        query_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('type', 'id')
+
+        return self._parse_video_data(
+            self._call_api(
+                _QUERIES.get(query_id), {'id': video_id}, ('data', 'video'), video_id))
+
+
+class AllstarProfileIE(AllstarBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?allstar\.gg/(?:profile\?user=|u/)(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://allstar.gg/profile?user=62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d-clips',
+            'title': 'cherokee - Clips',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 15
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://allstar.gg/u/cherokee?game=730&view=Clips',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d-clips-730',
+            'title': 'cherokee - Clips - 730',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 15
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://allstar.gg/u/62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d?view=Montages',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d-montages',
+            'title': 'cherokee - Montages',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 4
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://allstar.gg/profile?user=cherokee&view=Mobile Clips',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '62b8bdfc9021052f7905882d-mobile',
+            'title': 'cherokee - Mobile Clips',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 1
+    }]
+
+    _PAGE_SIZE = 10
+
+    def _get_page(self, user_id, display_id, game, query, page_num):
+        page_num += 1
+
+        for video_data in self._call_api(
+                query, {
+                    'user': user_id,
+                    'page': page_num,
+                    'game': game,
+                }, ('data', 'videos', 'data'), display_id, f'Downloading page {page_num}'):
+            yield self._parse_video_data(video_data)
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        profile_data = self._download_json(
+            urljoin('https://api.allstar.gg/v1/users/profile/', display_id), display_id)
+        user_id = traverse_obj(profile_data, ('data', ('_id'), {str}))
+        if not user_id:
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract the user id')
+
+        username = traverse_obj(profile_data, ('data', 'profile', ('username'), {str}))
+        url_query = parse_qs(url)
+        game = traverse_obj(url_query, ('game', 0, {int_or_none}))
+        query_id = traverse_obj(url_query, ('view', 0), default='Clips')
+
+        if query_id not in ('Clips', 'Montages', 'Mobile Clips'):
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Unsupported playlist URL type {query_id!r}')
+
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            OnDemandPagedList(
+                functools.partial(
+                    self._get_page, user_id, display_id, game, _QUERIES.get(query_id)), self._PAGE_SIZE),
+            playlist_id=join_nonempty(user_id, query_id.lower().split()[0], game),
+            playlist_title=join_nonempty((username or display_id), query_id, game, delim=' - '))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/altcensored.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/altcensored.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0e1627bfd127
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/altcensored.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+import re
+
+from .archiveorg import ArchiveOrgIE
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    InAdvancePagedList,
+    int_or_none,
+    orderedSet,
+    str_to_int,
+    urljoin,
+)
+
+
+class AltCensoredIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'altcensored'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?altcensored\.com/(?:watch\?v=|embed/)(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.altcensored.com/watch?v=k0srjLSkga8',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'youtube-k0srjLSkga8',
+            'ext': 'webm',
+            'title': "QUELLES SONT LES CONSÉQUENCES DE L'HYPERSEXUALISATION DE LA SOCIÉTÉ ?",
+            'display_id': 'k0srjLSkga8.webm',
+            'release_date': '20180403',
+            'creator': 'Virginie Vota',
+            'release_year': 2018,
+            'upload_date': '20230318',
+            'uploader': 'admin@altcensored.com',
+            'description': 'md5:0b38a8fc04103579d5c1db10a247dc30',
+            'timestamp': 1679161343,
+            'track': 'k0srjLSkga8',
+            'duration': 926.09,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://archive.org/download/youtube-k0srjLSkga8/youtube-k0srjLSkga8.thumbs/k0srjLSkga8_000925.jpg',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'categories': ['News & Politics'],
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        return {
+            '_type': 'url_transparent',
+            'url': f'https://archive.org/details/youtube-{video_id}',
+            'ie_key': ArchiveOrgIE.ie_key(),
+            'view_count': str_to_int(self._html_search_regex(
+                r'YouTube Views:(?:\s|&nbsp;)*([\d,]+)', webpage, 'view count', default=None)),
+            'categories': self._html_search_regex(
+                r'<a href="/category/\d+">\s*\n?\s*([^<]+)</a>',
+                webpage, 'category', default='').split() or None,
+        }
+
+
+class AltCensoredChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'altcensored:channel'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?altcensored\.com/channel/(?!page|table)(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _PAGE_SIZE = 24
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.altcensored.com/channel/UCFPTO55xxHqFqkzRZHu4kcw',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'Virginie Vota',
+            'id': 'UCFPTO55xxHqFqkzRZHu4kcw',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 91
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://altcensored.com/channel/UC9CcJ96HKMWn0LZlcxlpFTw',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'yukikaze775',
+            'id': 'UC9CcJ96HKMWn0LZlcxlpFTw',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 4
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        channel_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(
+            url, channel_id, 'Download channel webpage', 'Unable to get channel webpage')
+        title = self._html_search_meta('altcen_title', webpage, 'title', fatal=False)
+        page_count = int_or_none(self._html_search_regex(
+            r'<a[^>]+href="/channel/\w+/page/(\d+)">(?:\1)</a>',
+            webpage, 'page count', default='1'))
+
+        def page_func(page_num):
+            page_num += 1
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                f'https://altcensored.com/channel/{channel_id}/page/{page_num}',
+                channel_id, note=f'Downloading page {page_num}')
+
+            items = re.findall(r'<a[^>]+href="(/watch\?v=[^"]+)', webpage)
+            return [self.url_result(urljoin('https://www.altcensored.com', path), AltCensoredIE)
+                    for path in orderedSet(items)]
+
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            InAdvancePagedList(page_func, page_count, self._PAGE_SIZE),
+            playlist_id=channel_id, playlist_title=title)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/beatbump.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/beatbump.py
index 0f40ebe7ac5c..f48566b2d552 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/beatbump.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/beatbump.py
@@ -3,14 +3,13 @@
 
 
 class BeatBumpVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https://beatbump\.ml/listen\?id=(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https://beatbump\.(?:ml|io)/listen\?id=(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://beatbump.ml/listen?id=MgNrAu2pzNs',
         'md5': '5ff3fff41d3935b9810a9731e485fe66',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
             'artist': 'Stephen',
             'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/MgNrAu2pzNs/maxresdefault.webp',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
@@ -22,10 +21,9 @@ class BeatBumpVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
             'alt_title': 'Voyeur Girl',
             'view_count': int,
             'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
-            'uploader': 'Stephen - Topic',
+            'uploader': 'Stephen',
             'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
             'channel_follower_count': int,
-            'uploader_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
             'age_limit': 0,
             'availability': 'public',
             'live_status': 'not_live',
@@ -36,7 +34,12 @@ class BeatBumpVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
             'tags': 'count:11',
             'creator': 'Stephen',
             'channel_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
-        }
+            'channel_is_verified': True,
+            'heatmap': 'count:100',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://beatbump.io/listen?id=LDGZAprNGWo',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
 
 class BeatBumpPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https://beatbump\.ml/(?:release\?id=|artist/|playlist/)(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https://beatbump\.(?:ml|io)/(?:release\?id=|artist/|playlist/)(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://beatbump.ml/release?id=MPREb_gTAcphH99wE',
         'playlist_count': 50,
@@ -56,25 +59,28 @@ class BeatBumpPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': 'Album - Royalty Free Music Library V2 (50 Songs)',
             'description': '',
             'tags': [],
-            'modified_date': '20221223',
-        }
+            'modified_date': '20231110',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['YouTube Music is not directly supported'],
     }, {
         'url': 'https://beatbump.ml/artist/UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
         'playlist_mincount': 1,
         'params': {'flatplaylist': True},
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
-            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@NoCopyrightSounds',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
-            'uploader_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'uploader_id': '@NoCopyrightSounds',
             'channel_follower_count': int,
-            'title': 'NoCopyrightSounds - Videos',
+            'title': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
             'uploader': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
             'description': 'md5:cd4fd53d81d363d05eee6c1b478b491a',
             'channel': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
-            'tags': 'count:12',
+            'tags': 'count:65',
             'channel_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'channel_is_verified': True,
         },
+        'expected_warnings': ['YouTube Music is not directly supported'],
     }, {
         'url': 'https://beatbump.ml/playlist/VLPLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
         'playlist_mincount': 1,
@@ -84,16 +90,20 @@ class BeatBumpPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@NoCopyrightSounds',
             'description': 'Providing you with copyright free / safe music for gaming, live streaming, studying and more!',
             'view_count': int,
-            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@NoCopyrightSounds',
-            'uploader_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'uploader_id': '@NoCopyrightSounds',
             'title': 'NCS : All Releases 💿',
             'uploader': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
             'availability': 'public',
             'channel': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
             'tags': [],
-            'modified_date': '20221225',
+            'modified_date': '20231112',
             'channel_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
-        }
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['YouTube Music is not directly supported'],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://beatbump.io/playlist/VLPLFCHGavqRG-q_2ZhmgU2XB2--ZY6irT1c',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
index 9119f396be2a..bc25dc75e2b2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 import functools
 import hashlib
 import itertools
+import json
 import math
 import re
 import time
@@ -16,9 +17,11 @@
     InAdvancePagedList,
     OnDemandPagedList,
     bool_or_none,
+    clean_html,
     filter_dict,
     float_or_none,
     format_field,
+    get_element_by_class,
     int_or_none,
     join_nonempty,
     make_archive_id,
@@ -88,6 +91,12 @@ def extract_formats(self, play_info):
 
         return formats
 
+    def _download_playinfo(self, video_id, cid):
+        return self._download_json(
+            'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/playurl', video_id,
+            query={'bvid': video_id, 'cid': cid, 'fnval': 4048},
+            note=f'Downloading video formats for cid {cid}')['data']
+
     def json2srt(self, json_data):
         srt_data = ''
         for idx, line in enumerate(json_data.get('body') or []):
@@ -96,7 +105,7 @@ def json2srt(self, json_data):
                          f'{line["content"]}\n\n')
         return srt_data
 
-    def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, aid, cid):
+    def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, cid, aid=None):
         subtitles = {
             'danmaku': [{
                 'ext': 'xml',
@@ -104,8 +113,15 @@ def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, aid, cid):
             }]
         }
 
-        video_info_json = self._download_json(f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/v2?aid={aid}&cid={cid}', video_id)
-        for s in traverse_obj(video_info_json, ('data', 'subtitle', 'subtitles', ...)):
+        subtitle_info = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
+            'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/v2', video_id,
+            query={'aid': aid, 'cid': cid} if aid else {'bvid': video_id, 'cid': cid},
+            note=f'Extracting subtitle info {cid}'), ('data', 'subtitle'))
+        subs_list = traverse_obj(subtitle_info, ('subtitles', lambda _, v: v['subtitle_url'] and v['lan']))
+        if not subs_list and traverse_obj(subtitle_info, 'allow_submit'):
+            if not self._get_cookies('https://api.bilibili.com').get('SESSDATA'):  # no login session cookie
+                self.report_warning(f'CC subtitles (if any) are only visible when logged in. {self._login_hint()}', only_once=True)
+        for s in subs_list:
             subtitles.setdefault(s['lan'], []).append({
                 'ext': 'srt',
                 'data': self.json2srt(self._download_json(s['subtitle_url'], video_id))
@@ -155,7 +171,54 @@ def _get_episodes_from_season(self, ss_id, url):
         for entry in traverse_obj(season_info, (
                 'result', 'main_section', 'episodes',
                 lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['share_url']) and v['id'])):
-            yield self.url_result(entry['share_url'], BiliBiliBangumiIE, f'ep{entry["id"]}')
+            yield self.url_result(entry['share_url'], BiliBiliBangumiIE, str_or_none(entry.get('id')))
+
+    def _get_divisions(self, video_id, graph_version, edges, edge_id, cid_edges=None):
+        cid_edges = cid_edges or {}
+        division_data = self._download_json(
+            'https://api.bilibili.com/x/stein/edgeinfo_v2', video_id,
+            query={'graph_version': graph_version, 'edge_id': edge_id, 'bvid': video_id},
+            note=f'Extracting divisions from edge {edge_id}')
+        edges.setdefault(edge_id, {}).update(
+            traverse_obj(division_data, ('data', 'story_list', lambda _, v: v['edge_id'] == edge_id, {
+                'title': ('title', {str}),
+                'cid': ('cid', {int_or_none}),
+            }), get_all=False))
+
+        edges[edge_id].update(traverse_obj(division_data, ('data', {
+            'title': ('title', {str}),
+            'choices': ('edges', 'questions', ..., 'choices', ..., {
+                'edge_id': ('id', {int_or_none}),
+                'cid': ('cid', {int_or_none}),
+                'text': ('option', {str}),
+            }),
+        })))
+        # use dict to combine edges that use the same video section (same cid)
+        cid_edges.setdefault(edges[edge_id]['cid'], {})[edge_id] = edges[edge_id]
+        for choice in traverse_obj(edges, (edge_id, 'choices', ...)):
+            if choice['edge_id'] not in edges:
+                edges[choice['edge_id']] = {'cid': choice['cid']}
+                self._get_divisions(video_id, graph_version, edges, choice['edge_id'], cid_edges=cid_edges)
+        return cid_edges
+
+    def _get_interactive_entries(self, video_id, cid, metainfo):
+        graph_version = traverse_obj(
+            self._download_json(
+                'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/wbi/v2', video_id,
+                'Extracting graph version', query={'bvid': video_id, 'cid': cid}),
+            ('data', 'interaction', 'graph_version', {int_or_none}))
+        cid_edges = self._get_divisions(video_id, graph_version, {1: {'cid': cid}}, 1)
+        for cid, edges in cid_edges.items():
+            play_info = self._download_playinfo(video_id, cid)
+            yield {
+                **metainfo,
+                'id': f'{video_id}_{cid}',
+                'title': f'{metainfo.get("title")} - {list(edges.values())[0].get("title")}',
+                'formats': self.extract_formats(play_info),
+                'description': f'{json.dumps(edges, ensure_ascii=False)}\n{metainfo.get("description", "")}',
+                'duration': float_or_none(play_info.get('timelength'), scale=1000),
+                'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(video_id, cid),
+            }
 
 
 class BiliBiliIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
@@ -180,7 +243,7 @@ class BiliBiliIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
             'view_count': int,
         },
     }, {
-        # old av URL version
+        'note': 'old av URL version',
         'url': 'http://www.bilibili.com/video/av1074402/',
         'info_dict': {
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg)$',
@@ -212,7 +275,7 @@ class BiliBiliIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
                 'id': 'BV1bK411W797_p1',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': '物语中的人物是如何吐槽自己的OP的 p01 Staple Stable/战场原+羽川',
-                'tags': 'count:11',
+                'tags': 'count:10',
                 'timestamp': 1589601697,
                 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
                 'uploader': '打牌还是打桩',
@@ -232,7 +295,7 @@ class BiliBiliIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
             'id': 'BV1bK411W797_p1',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '物语中的人物是如何吐槽自己的OP的 p01 Staple Stable/战场原+羽川',
-            'tags': 'count:11',
+            'tags': 'count:10',
             'timestamp': 1589601697,
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
             'uploader': '打牌还是打桩',
@@ -343,18 +406,120 @@ class BiliBiliIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
         },
         'params': {'skip_download': True},
+    }, {
+        'note': 'interactive/split-path video',
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1af4y1H7ga/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV1af4y1H7ga',
+            'title': '【互动游戏】花了大半年时间做的自我介绍~请查收！！',
+            'timestamp': 1630500414,
+            'upload_date': '20210901',
+            'description': 'md5:01113e39ab06e28042d74ac356a08786',
+            'tags': list,
+            'uploader': '钉宫妮妮Ninico',
+            'duration': 1503,
+            'uploader_id': '8881297',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 33,
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'BV1af4y1H7ga_400950101',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': '【互动游戏】花了大半年时间做的自我介绍~请查收！！ - 听见猫猫叫~',
+                'timestamp': 1630500414,
+                'upload_date': '20210901',
+                'description': 'md5:db66ac7a2813a94b8291dbce990cc5b2',
+                'tags': list,
+                'uploader': '钉宫妮妮Ninico',
+                'duration': 11.605,
+                'uploader_id': '8881297',
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'view_count': int,
+                'like_count': int,
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+            },
+        }],
+    }, {
+        'note': '301 redirect to bangumi link',
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1TE411f7f1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '288525',
+            'title': '李永乐老师 钱学森弹道和乘波体飞行器是什么？',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'series': '我和我的祖国',
+            'series_id': '4780',
+            'season': '幕后纪实',
+            'season_id': '28609',
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'episode': '钱学森弹道和乘波体飞行器是什么？',
+            'episode_id': '288525',
+            'episode_number': 105,
+            'duration': 1183.957,
+            'timestamp': 1571648124,
+            'upload_date': '20191021',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1jL41167ZG/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV1jL41167ZG',
+            'title': '一场大火引发的离奇死亡！古典推理经典短篇集《不可能犯罪诊断书》！',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'skip': 'supporter-only video',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ks411f7aQ/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV1Ks411f7aQ',
+            'title': '【BD1080P】狼与香辛料I【华盟】',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'skip': 'login required',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1GJ411x7h7/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV1GJ411x7h7',
+            'title': '【官方 MV】Never Gonna Give You Up - Rick Astley',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'skip': 'geo-restricted',
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(url, video_id)
+        if not self._match_valid_url(urlh.url):
+            return self.url_result(urlh.url)
+
         initial_state = self._search_json(r'window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'initial state', video_id)
 
         is_festival = 'videoData' not in initial_state
         if is_festival:
             video_data = initial_state['videoInfo']
         else:
-            play_info = self._search_json(r'window\.__playinfo__\s*=', webpage, 'play info', video_id)['data']
+            play_info_obj = self._search_json(
+                r'window\.__playinfo__\s*=', webpage, 'play info', video_id, fatal=False)
+            if not play_info_obj:
+                if traverse_obj(initial_state, ('error', 'trueCode')) == -403:
+                    self.raise_login_required()
+                if traverse_obj(initial_state, ('error', 'trueCode')) == -404:
+                    raise ExtractorError(
+                        'This video may be deleted or geo-restricted. '
+                        'You might want to try a VPN or a proxy server (with --proxy)', expected=True)
+            play_info = traverse_obj(play_info_obj, ('data', {dict}))
+            if not play_info:
+                if traverse_obj(play_info_obj, 'code') == 87007:
+                    toast = get_element_by_class('tips-toast', webpage) or ''
+                    msg = clean_html(
+                        f'{get_element_by_class("belongs-to", toast) or ""}，'
+                        + (get_element_by_class('level', toast) or ''))
+                    raise ExtractorError(
+                        f'This is a supporter-only video: {msg}. {self._login_hint()}', expected=True)
+                raise ExtractorError('Failed to extract play info')
             video_data = initial_state['videoData']
 
         video_id, title = video_data['bvid'], video_data.get('title')
@@ -385,10 +550,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
         festival_info = {}
         if is_festival:
-            play_info = self._download_json(
-                'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/playurl', video_id,
-                query={'bvid': video_id, 'cid': cid, 'fnval': 4048},
-                note='Extracting festival video formats')['data']
+            play_info = self._download_playinfo(video_id, cid)
 
             festival_info = traverse_obj(initial_state, {
                 'uploader': ('videoInfo', 'upName'),
@@ -397,7 +559,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 'thumbnail': ('sectionEpisodes', lambda _, v: v['bvid'] == video_id, 'cover'),
             }, get_all=False)
 
-        return {
+        metainfo = {
             **traverse_obj(initial_state, {
                 'uploader': ('upData', 'name'),
                 'uploader_id': ('upData', 'mid', {str_or_none}),
@@ -413,28 +575,59 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 'comment_count': ('stat', 'reply', {int_or_none}),
             }, get_all=False),
             'id': f'{video_id}{format_field(part_id, None, "_p%d")}',
-            'formats': self.extract_formats(play_info),
             '_old_archive_ids': [make_archive_id(self, old_video_id)] if old_video_id else None,
             'title': title,
-            'duration': float_or_none(play_info.get('timelength'), scale=1000),
-            'chapters': self._get_chapters(aid, cid),
-            'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(video_id, aid, cid),
-            '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(aid),
             'http_headers': {'Referer': url},
         }
 
+        is_interactive = traverse_obj(video_data, ('rights', 'is_stein_gate'))
+        if is_interactive:
+            return self.playlist_result(
+                self._get_interactive_entries(video_id, cid, metainfo), **metainfo, **{
+                    'duration': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('videoData', 'duration', {int_or_none})),
+                    '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(aid),
+                })
+        else:
+            return {
+                **metainfo,
+                'duration': float_or_none(play_info.get('timelength'), scale=1000),
+                'chapters': self._get_chapters(aid, cid),
+                'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(video_id, cid),
+                'formats': self.extract_formats(play_info),
+                '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(aid),
+            }
+
 
 class BiliBiliBangumiIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bilibili\.com/bangumi/play/(?P<id>ep\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bilibili\.com/bangumi/play/ep(?P<id>\d+)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/play/ep21495/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '21495',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'series': '悠久之翼',
+            'series_id': '774',
+            'season': '第二季',
+            'season_id': '1182',
+            'season_number': 2,
+            'episode': 'forever／ef',
+            'episode_id': '21495',
+            'episode_number': 12,
+            'title': '12 forever／ef',
+            'duration': 1420.791,
+            'timestamp': 1320412200,
+            'upload_date': '20111104',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+        },
+    }, {
         'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/play/ep267851',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '267851',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'series': '鬼灭之刃',
             'series_id': '4358',
-            'season': '鬼灭之刃',
+            'season': '立志篇',
             'season_id': '26801',
             'season_number': 1,
             'episode': '残酷',
@@ -446,13 +639,32 @@ class BiliBiliBangumiIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
             'upload_date': '20190406',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$'
         },
-        'skip': 'According to the copyright owner\'s request, you may only watch the video after you are premium member.'
+        'skip': 'Geo-restricted',
+    }, {
+        'note': 'a making-of which falls outside main section',
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/play/ep345120',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '345120',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'series': '鬼灭之刃',
+            'series_id': '4358',
+            'season': '立志篇',
+            'season_id': '26801',
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'episode': '炭治郎篇',
+            'episode_id': '345120',
+            'episode_number': 27,
+            'title': '#1 炭治郎篇',
+            'duration': 1922.129,
+            'timestamp': 1602853860,
+            'upload_date': '20201016',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$'
+        },
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        episode_id = video_id[2:]
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        episode_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, episode_id)
 
         if '您所在的地区无法观看本片' in webpage:
             raise GeoRestrictedError('This video is restricted')
@@ -461,7 +673,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
         headers = {'Referer': url, **self.geo_verification_headers()}
         play_info = self._download_json(
-            'https://api.bilibili.com/pgc/player/web/v2/playurl', video_id,
+            'https://api.bilibili.com/pgc/player/web/v2/playurl', episode_id,
             'Extracting episode', query={'fnval': '4048', 'ep_id': episode_id},
             headers=headers)
         premium_only = play_info.get('code') == -10403
@@ -472,40 +684,43 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             self.raise_login_required('This video is for premium members only')
 
         bangumi_info = self._download_json(
-            'https://api.bilibili.com/pgc/view/web/season', video_id, 'Get episode details',
+            'https://api.bilibili.com/pgc/view/web/season', episode_id, 'Get episode details',
             query={'ep_id': episode_id}, headers=headers)['result']
 
         episode_number, episode_info = next((
             (idx, ep) for idx, ep in enumerate(traverse_obj(
-                bangumi_info, ('episodes', ..., {dict})), 1)
+                bangumi_info, (('episodes', ('section', ..., 'episodes')), ..., {dict})), 1)
             if str_or_none(ep.get('id')) == episode_id), (1, {}))
 
         season_id = bangumi_info.get('season_id')
-        season_number = season_id and next((
-            idx + 1 for idx, e in enumerate(
+        season_number, season_title = season_id and next((
+            (idx + 1, e.get('season_title')) for idx, e in enumerate(
                 traverse_obj(bangumi_info, ('seasons', ...)))
             if e.get('season_id') == season_id
-        ), None)
+        ), (None, None))
 
         aid = episode_info.get('aid')
 
         return {
-            'id': video_id,
+            'id': episode_id,
             'formats': formats,
             **traverse_obj(bangumi_info, {
                 'series': ('series', 'series_title', {str}),
                 'series_id': ('series', 'series_id', {str_or_none}),
                 'thumbnail': ('square_cover', {url_or_none}),
             }),
-            'title': join_nonempty('title', 'long_title', delim=' ', from_dict=episode_info),
-            'episode': episode_info.get('long_title'),
+            **traverse_obj(episode_info, {
+                'episode': ('long_title', {str}),
+                'episode_number': ('title', {int_or_none}, {lambda x: x or episode_number}),
+                'timestamp': ('pub_time', {int_or_none}),
+                'title': {lambda v: v and join_nonempty('title', 'long_title', delim=' ', from_dict=v)},
+            }),
             'episode_id': episode_id,
-            'episode_number': int_or_none(episode_info.get('title')) or episode_number,
+            'season': str_or_none(season_title),
             'season_id': str_or_none(season_id),
             'season_number': season_number,
-            'timestamp': int_or_none(episode_info.get('pub_time')),
             'duration': float_or_none(play_info.get('timelength'), scale=1000),
-            'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(video_id, aid, episode_info.get('cid')),
+            'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(episode_id, episode_info.get('cid'), aid=aid),
             '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(aid),
             'http_headers': headers,
         }
@@ -517,17 +732,53 @@ class BiliBiliBangumiMediaIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
         'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/media/md24097891',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '24097891',
+            'title': 'CAROLE & TUESDAY',
+            'description': 'md5:42417ad33d1eaa1c93bfd2dd1626b829',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 25,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/media/md1565/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1565',
+            'title': '攻壳机动队 S.A.C. 2nd GIG',
+            'description': 'md5:46cac00bafd645b97f4d6df616fc576d',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 26,
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '68540',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'series': '攻壳机动队',
+                'series_id': '1077',
+                'season': '第二季',
+                'season_id': '1565',
+                'season_number': 2,
+                'episode': '再启动 REEMBODY',
+                'episode_id': '68540',
+                'episode_number': 1,
+                'title': '1 再启动 REEMBODY',
+                'duration': 1525.777,
+                'timestamp': 1425074413,
+                'upload_date': '20150227',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$'
+            },
+        }],
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         media_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, media_id)
-        ss_id = self._search_json(
-            r'window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'initial_state', media_id)['mediaInfo']['season_id']
 
-        return self.playlist_result(self._get_episodes_from_season(ss_id, url), media_id)
+        initial_state = self._search_json(
+            r'window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'initial_state', media_id)
+        ss_id = initial_state['mediaInfo']['season_id']
+
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            self._get_episodes_from_season(ss_id, url), media_id,
+            **traverse_obj(initial_state, ('mediaInfo', {
+                'title': ('title', {str}),
+                'description': ('evaluate', {str}),
+            })))
 
 
 class BiliBiliBangumiSeasonIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
@@ -535,15 +786,183 @@ class BiliBiliBangumiSeasonIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/play/ss26801',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '26801'
+            'id': '26801',
+            'title': '鬼灭之刃',
+            'description': 'md5:e2cc9848b6f69be6db79fc2a82d9661b',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 26
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/play/ss2251',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2251',
+            'title': '玲音',
+            'description': 'md5:1fd40e3df4c08d4d9d89a6a34844bdc4',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 13,
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '50188',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'series': '玲音',
+                'series_id': '1526',
+                'season': 'TV',
+                'season_id': '2251',
+                'season_number': 1,
+                'episode': 'WEIRD',
+                'episode_id': '50188',
+                'episode_number': 1,
+                'title': '1 WEIRD',
+                'duration': 1436.992,
+                'timestamp': 1343185080,
+                'upload_date': '20120725',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$'
+            },
+        }],
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         ss_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, ss_id)
+        metainfo = traverse_obj(
+            self._search_json(r'<script[^>]+type="application/ld\+json"[^>]*>', webpage, 'info', ss_id),
+            ('itemListElement', ..., {
+                'title': ('name', {str}),
+                'description': ('description', {str}),
+            }), get_all=False)
+
+        return self.playlist_result(self._get_episodes_from_season(ss_id, url), ss_id, **metainfo)
+
+
+class BilibiliCheeseBaseIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
+    _HEADERS = {'Referer': 'https://www.bilibili.com/'}
+
+    def _extract_episode(self, season_info, ep_id):
+        episode_info = traverse_obj(season_info, (
+            'episodes', lambda _, v: v['id'] == int(ep_id)), get_all=False)
+        aid, cid = episode_info['aid'], episode_info['cid']
+
+        if traverse_obj(episode_info, 'ep_status') == -1:
+            raise ExtractorError('This course episode is not yet available.', expected=True)
+        if not traverse_obj(episode_info, 'playable'):
+            self.raise_login_required('You need to purchase the course to download this episode')
+
+        play_info = self._download_json(
+            'https://api.bilibili.com/pugv/player/web/playurl', ep_id,
+            query={'avid': aid, 'cid': cid, 'ep_id': ep_id, 'fnval': 16, 'fourk': 1},
+            headers=self._HEADERS, note='Downloading playinfo')['data']
+
+        return {
+            'id': str_or_none(ep_id),
+            'episode_id': str_or_none(ep_id),
+            'formats': self.extract_formats(play_info),
+            'extractor_key': BilibiliCheeseIE.ie_key(),
+            'extractor': BilibiliCheeseIE.IE_NAME,
+            'webpage_url': f'https://www.bilibili.com/cheese/play/ep{ep_id}',
+            **traverse_obj(episode_info, {
+                'episode': ('title', {str}),
+                'title': {lambda v: v and join_nonempty('index', 'title', delim=' - ', from_dict=v)},
+                'alt_title': ('subtitle', {str}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+                'episode_number': ('index', {int_or_none}),
+                'thumbnail': ('cover', {url_or_none}),
+                'timestamp': ('release_date', {int_or_none}),
+                'view_count': ('play', {int_or_none}),
+            }),
+            **traverse_obj(season_info, {
+                'uploader': ('up_info', 'uname', {str}),
+                'uploader_id': ('up_info', 'mid', {str_or_none}),
+            }),
+            'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(ep_id, cid, aid=aid),
+            '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(aid),
+            'http_headers': self._HEADERS,
+        }
 
-        return self.playlist_result(self._get_episodes_from_season(ss_id, url), ss_id)
+    def _download_season_info(self, query_key, video_id):
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.bilibili.com/pugv/view/web/season?{query_key}={video_id}', video_id,
+            headers=self._HEADERS, note='Downloading season info')['data']
+
+
+class BilibiliCheeseIE(BilibiliCheeseBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bilibili\.com/cheese/play/ep(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/cheese/play/ep229832',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '229832',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '1 - 课程先导片',
+            'alt_title': '视频课 · 3分41秒',
+            'uploader': '马督工',
+            'uploader_id': '316568752',
+            'episode': '课程先导片',
+            'episode_id': '229832',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'duration': 221,
+            'timestamp': 1695549606,
+            'upload_date': '20230924',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+            'view_count': int,
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        ep_id = self._match_id(url)
+        return self._extract_episode(self._download_season_info('ep_id', ep_id), ep_id)
+
+
+class BilibiliCheeseSeasonIE(BilibiliCheeseBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bilibili\.com/cheese/play/ss(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/cheese/play/ss5918',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5918',
+            'title': '【限时五折】新闻系学不到：马督工教你做自媒体',
+            'description': '帮普通人建立世界模型，降低人与人的沟通门槛',
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '229832',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': '1 - 课程先导片',
+                'alt_title': '视频课 · 3分41秒',
+                'uploader': '马督工',
+                'uploader_id': '316568752',
+                'episode': '课程先导片',
+                'episode_id': '229832',
+                'episode_number': 1,
+                'duration': 221,
+                'timestamp': 1695549606,
+                'upload_date': '20230924',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+                'view_count': int,
+            }
+        }],
+        'params': {'playlist_items': '1'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/cheese/play/ss5918',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5918',
+            'title': '【限时五折】新闻系学不到：马督工教你做自媒体',
+            'description': '帮普通人建立世界模型，降低人与人的沟通门槛',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 5,
+        'skip': 'paid video in list',
+    }]
+
+    def _get_cheese_entries(self, season_info):
+        for ep_id in traverse_obj(season_info, ('episodes', lambda _, v: v['episode_can_view'], 'id')):
+            yield self._extract_episode(season_info, ep_id)
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        season_id = self._match_id(url)
+        season_info = self._download_season_info('season_id', season_id)
+
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            self._get_cheese_entries(season_info), season_id,
+            **traverse_obj(season_info, {
+                'title': ('title', {str}),
+                'description': ('subtitle', {str}),
+            }))
 
 
 class BilibiliSpaceBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
index b3a45b3fb578..507ef34cf56c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
@@ -2341,7 +2341,9 @@ def _parse_smil_formats_and_subtitles(
         imgs_count = 0
 
         srcs = set()
-        media = smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//video', namespace)) + smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//audio', namespace))
+        media = itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+            smil.findall(self._xpath_ns(arg, namespace))
+            for arg in ['.//video', './/audio', './/media'])
         for medium in media:
             src = medium.get('src')
             if not src or src in srcs:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py
index 21263d41b0e9..708d6fed28cc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class DailymotionIE(DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?ix)
                     https?://
                         (?:
-                            (?:(?:www|touch|geo)\.)?dailymotion\.[a-z]{2,3}/(?:(?:(?:(?:embed|swf|\#)/)|player\.html\?)?video|swf)|
+                            (?:(?:www|touch|geo)\.)?dailymotion\.[a-z]{2,3}/(?:(?:(?:(?:embed|swf|\#)/)|player(?:/\w+)?\.html\?)?video|swf)|
                             (?:www\.)?lequipe\.fr/video
                         )
                         [/=](?P<id>[^/?_&]+)(?:.+?\bplaylist=(?P<playlist_id>x[0-9a-z]+))?
@@ -107,13 +107,17 @@ class DailymotionIE(DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor):
             'id': 'x5kesuj',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Office Christmas Party Review –  Jason Bateman, Olivia Munn, T.J. Miller',
-            'description': 'Office Christmas Party Review -  Jason Bateman, Olivia Munn, T.J. Miller',
+            'description': 'Office Christmas Party Review - Jason Bateman, Olivia Munn, T.J. Miller',
             'duration': 187,
             'timestamp': 1493651285,
             'upload_date': '20170501',
             'uploader': 'Deadline',
             'uploader_id': 'x1xm8ri',
             'age_limit': 0,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': ['hollywood', 'celeb', 'celebrity', 'movies', 'red carpet'],
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://(?:s[12]\.)dmcdn\.net/v/K456B1aXqIx58LKWQ/x1080',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://geo.dailymotion.com/player.html?video=x89eyek&mute=true',
@@ -132,7 +136,7 @@ class DailymotionIE(DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor):
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
             'tags': ['en_quete_d_esprit'],
-            'thumbnail': 'https://s2.dmcdn.net/v/Tncwi1YGKdvFbDuDY/x1080',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://(?:s[12]\.)dmcdn\.net/v/Tncwi1YNg_RUl7ueu/x1080',
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2iuewm_steam-machine-models-pricing-listed-on-steam-store-ign-news_videogames',
@@ -201,6 +205,12 @@ class DailymotionIE(DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3z49k?playlist=xv4bw',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://geo.dailymotion.com/player/x86gw.html?video=k46oCapRs4iikoz9DWy',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://geo.dailymotion.com/player/xakln.html?video=x8mjju4&customConfig%5BcustomParams%5D=%2Ffr-fr%2Ftennis%2Fwimbledon-mens-singles%2Farticles-video',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
     _GEO_BYPASS = False
     _COMMON_MEDIA_FIELDS = '''description
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/drtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/drtv.py
index 6c381aa14994..2a6e337bfcd6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/drtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/drtv.py
@@ -1,21 +1,17 @@
-import binascii
-import hashlib
-import re
+import json
+import uuid
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..aes import aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes, unpad_pkcs7
-from ..compat import compat_urllib_parse_unquote
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
-    float_or_none,
     int_or_none,
     mimetype2ext,
-    str_or_none,
-    traverse_obj,
-    unified_timestamp,
+    parse_iso8601,
+    try_call,
     update_url_query,
     url_or_none,
 )
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 
 SERIES_API = 'https://production-cdn.dr-massive.com/api/page?device=web_browser&item_detail_expand=all&lang=da&max_list_prefetch=3&path=%s'
 
@@ -24,7 +20,7 @@ class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
                     https?://
                         (?:
-                            (?:www\.)?dr\.dk/(?:tv/se|nyheder|(?P<radio>radio|lyd)(?:/ondemand)?)/(?:[^/]+/)*|
+                            (?:www\.)?dr\.dk/tv/se(?:/ondemand)?/(?:[^/?#]+/)*|
                             (?:www\.)?(?:dr\.dk|dr-massive\.com)/drtv/(?:se|episode|program)/
                         )
                         (?P<id>[\da-z_-]+)
@@ -53,22 +49,6 @@ class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
         'expected_warnings': ['Unable to download f4m manifest'],
         'skip': 'this video has been removed',
-    }, {
-        # embed
-        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/indland/live-christianias-rydning-af-pusher-street-er-i-gang',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'urn:dr:mu:programcard:57c926176187a50a9c6e83c6',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'christiania pusher street ryddes drdkrjpo',
-            'description': 'md5:2a71898b15057e9b97334f61d04e6eb5',
-            'timestamp': 1472800279,
-            'upload_date': '20160902',
-            'duration': 131.4,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to download f4m manifest'],
     }, {
         # with SignLanguage formats
         'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/tv/se/historien-om-danmark/-/historien-om-danmark-stenalder',
@@ -87,33 +67,54 @@ class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'season': 'Historien om Danmark',
             'series': 'Historien om Danmark',
         },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/lyd/p4kbh/regionale-nyheder-kh4/p4-nyheder-2019-06-26-17-30-9',
-        'only_matching': True,
+        'skip': 'this video has been removed',
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/drtv/se/bonderoeven_71769',
+        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/drtv/se/frank-and-kastaniegaarden_71769',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '00951930010',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Bonderøven 2019 (1:8)',
-            'description': 'md5:b6dcfe9b6f0bea6703e9a0092739a5bd',
-            'timestamp': 1654856100,
-            'upload_date': '20220610',
-            'duration': 2576.6,
-            'season': 'Bonderøven 2019',
-            'season_id': 'urn:dr:mu:bundle:5c201667a11fa01ca4528ce5',
+            'title': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'description': 'md5:974e1780934cf3275ef10280204bccb0',
+            'release_timestamp': 1546545600,
+            'release_date': '20190103',
+            'duration': 2576,
+            'season': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'season_id': '67125',
             'release_year': 2019,
             'season_number': 2019,
             'series': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
             'episode_number': 1,
-            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'episode': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+    }, {
+        # Foreign and Regular subtitle track
+        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/drtv/se/spise-med-price_-pasta-selv_397445',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '00212301010',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'title': 'Spise med Price: Pasta Selv',
+            'alt_title': '1. Pasta Selv',
+            'release_date': '20230807',
+            'description': 'md5:2da9060524fed707810d71080b3d0cd8',
+            'duration': 1750,
+            'season': 'Spise med Price',
+            'release_timestamp': 1691438400,
+            'season_id': '397440',
+            'episode': 'Spise med Price: Pasta Selv',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+',
+            'season_number': 15,
+            'series': 'Spise med Price',
+            'release_year': 2022,
+            'subtitles': 'mincount:2',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/drtv/episode/bonderoeven_71769',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -123,226 +124,127 @@ class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/drtv/program/jagten_220924',
         'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/lyd/p4aarhus/regionale-nyheder-ar4/regionale-nyheder-2022-05-05-12-30-3',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'urn:dr:mu:programcard:6265cb2571401424d0360113',
-            'title': "Regionale nyheder",
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'duration': 120.043,
-            'series': 'P4 Østjylland regionale nyheder',
-            'timestamp': 1651746600,
-            'season': 'Regionale nyheder',
-            'release_year': 0,
-            'season_id': 'urn:dr:mu:bundle:61c26889539f0201586b73c5',
-            'description': '',
-            'upload_date': '20220505',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'skip': 'this video has been removed',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/lyd/p4kbh/regionale-nyheder-kh4/regionale-nyheder-2023-03-14-10-30-9',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'id': '14802310112',
-            'timestamp': 1678786200,
-            'duration': 120.043,
-            'season_id': 'urn:dr:mu:bundle:63a4f7c87140143504b6710f',
-            'series': 'P4 København regionale nyheder',
-            'upload_date': '20230314',
-            'release_year': 0,
-            'description': 'Hør seneste regionale nyheder fra P4 København.',
-            'season': 'Regionale nyheder',
-            'title': 'Regionale nyheder',
-        },
     }]
 
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        raw_video_id, is_radio_url = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'radio')
-
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, raw_video_id)
-
-        if '>Programmet er ikke længere tilgængeligt' in webpage:
-            raise ExtractorError(
-                'Video %s is not available' % raw_video_id, expected=True)
-
-        video_id = self._search_regex(
-            (r'data-(?:material-identifier|episode-slug)="([^"]+)"',
-             r'data-resource="[^>"]+mu/programcard/expanded/([^"]+)"'),
-            webpage, 'video id', default=None)
-
-        if not video_id:
-            video_id = self._search_regex(
-                r'(urn(?:%3A|:)dr(?:%3A|:)mu(?:%3A|:)programcard(?:%3A|:)[\da-f]+)',
-                webpage, 'urn', default=None)
-            if video_id:
-                video_id = compat_urllib_parse_unquote(video_id)
+    SUBTITLE_LANGS = {
+        'DanishLanguageSubtitles': 'da',
+        'ForeignLanguageSubtitles': 'da_foreign',
+        'CombinedLanguageSubtitles': 'da_combined',
+    }
 
-        _PROGRAMCARD_BASE = 'https://www.dr.dk/mu-online/api/1.4/programcard'
-        query = {'expanded': 'true'}
+    _TOKEN = None
+
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        if self._TOKEN:
+            return
+
+        token_response = self._download_json(
+            'https://production.dr-massive.com/api/authorization/anonymous-sso', None,
+            note='Downloading anonymous token', headers={
+                'content-type': 'application/json',
+            }, query={
+                'device': 'web_browser',
+                'ff': 'idp,ldp,rpt',
+                'lang': 'da',
+                'supportFallbackToken': 'true',
+            }, data=json.dumps({
+                'deviceId': str(uuid.uuid4()),
+                'scopes': ['Catalog'],
+                'optout': True,
+            }).encode())
+
+        self._TOKEN = traverse_obj(
+            token_response, (lambda _, x: x['type'] == 'UserAccount', 'value', {str}), get_all=False)
+        if not self._TOKEN:
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to get anonymous token')
 
-        if video_id:
-            programcard_url = '%s/%s' % (_PROGRAMCARD_BASE, video_id)
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        url_slug = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, url_slug)
+
+        json_data = self._search_json(
+            r'window\.__data\s*=', webpage, 'data', url_slug, fatal=False) or {}
+        item = traverse_obj(
+            json_data, ('cache', 'page', ..., (None, ('entries', 0)), 'item', {dict}), get_all=False)
+        if item:
+            item_id = item.get('id')
         else:
-            programcard_url = _PROGRAMCARD_BASE
-            if is_radio_url:
-                video_id = self._search_nextjs_data(
-                    webpage, raw_video_id)['props']['pageProps']['episode']['productionNumber']
-            else:
-                json_data = self._search_json(
-                    r'window\.__data\s*=', webpage, 'data', raw_video_id)
-                video_id = traverse_obj(json_data, (
-                    'cache', 'page', ..., (None, ('entries', 0)), 'item', 'customId',
-                    {lambda x: x.split(':')[-1]}), get_all=False)
-                if not video_id:
-                    raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract video id')
-            query['productionnumber'] = video_id
-
-        data = self._download_json(
-            programcard_url, video_id, 'Downloading video JSON', query=query)
-
-        supplementary_data = {}
-        if re.search(r'_\d+$', raw_video_id):
-            supplementary_data = self._download_json(
-                SERIES_API % f'/episode/{raw_video_id}', raw_video_id, fatal=False) or {}
-
-        title = str_or_none(data.get('Title')) or re.sub(
-            r'\s*\|\s*(?:TV\s*\|\s*DR|DRTV)$', '',
-            self._og_search_title(webpage))
-        description = self._og_search_description(
-            webpage, default=None) or data.get('Description')
-
-        timestamp = unified_timestamp(
-            data.get('PrimaryBroadcastStartTime') or data.get('SortDateTime'))
-
-        thumbnail = None
-        duration = None
-
-        restricted_to_denmark = False
+            item_id = url_slug.rsplit('_', 1)[-1]
+            item = self._download_json(
+                f'https://production-cdn.dr-massive.com/api/items/{item_id}', item_id,
+                note='Attempting to download backup item data', query={
+                    'device': 'web_browser',
+                    'expand': 'all',
+                    'ff': 'idp,ldp,rpt',
+                    'geoLocation': 'dk',
+                    'isDeviceAbroad': 'false',
+                    'lang': 'da',
+                    'segments': 'drtv,optedout',
+                    'sub': 'Anonymous',
+                })
+
+        video_id = try_call(lambda: item['customId'].rsplit(':', 1)[-1]) or item_id
+        stream_data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://production.dr-massive.com/api/account/items/{item_id}/videos', video_id,
+            note='Downloading stream data', query={
+                'delivery': 'stream',
+                'device': 'web_browser',
+                'ff': 'idp,ldp,rpt',
+                'lang': 'da',
+                'resolution': 'HD-1080',
+                'sub': 'Anonymous',
+            }, headers={'authorization': f'Bearer {self._TOKEN}'})
 
         formats = []
         subtitles = {}
-
-        assets = []
-        primary_asset = data.get('PrimaryAsset')
-        if isinstance(primary_asset, dict):
-            assets.append(primary_asset)
-        secondary_assets = data.get('SecondaryAssets')
-        if isinstance(secondary_assets, list):
-            for secondary_asset in secondary_assets:
-                if isinstance(secondary_asset, dict):
-                    assets.append(secondary_asset)
-
-        def hex_to_bytes(hex):
-            return binascii.a2b_hex(hex.encode('ascii'))
-
-        def decrypt_uri(e):
-            n = int(e[2:10], 16)
-            a = e[10 + n:]
-            data = hex_to_bytes(e[10:10 + n])
-            key = hashlib.sha256(('%s:sRBzYNXBzkKgnjj8pGtkACch' % a).encode('utf-8')).digest()
-            iv = hex_to_bytes(a)
-            decrypted = unpad_pkcs7(aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes(data, key, iv))
-            return decrypted.decode('utf-8').split('?')[0]
-
-        for asset in assets:
-            kind = asset.get('Kind')
-            if kind == 'Image':
-                thumbnail = url_or_none(asset.get('Uri'))
-            elif kind in ('VideoResource', 'AudioResource'):
-                duration = float_or_none(asset.get('DurationInMilliseconds'), 1000)
-                restricted_to_denmark = asset.get('RestrictedToDenmark')
-                asset_target = asset.get('Target')
-                for link in asset.get('Links', []):
-                    uri = link.get('Uri')
-                    if not uri:
-                        encrypted_uri = link.get('EncryptedUri')
-                        if not encrypted_uri:
-                            continue
-                        try:
-                            uri = decrypt_uri(encrypted_uri)
-                        except Exception:
-                            self.report_warning(
-                                'Unable to decrypt EncryptedUri', video_id)
-                            continue
-                    uri = url_or_none(uri)
-                    if not uri:
-                        continue
-                    target = link.get('Target')
-                    format_id = target or ''
-                    if asset_target in ('SpokenSubtitles', 'SignLanguage', 'VisuallyInterpreted'):
-                        preference = -1
-                        format_id += '-%s' % asset_target
-                    elif asset_target == 'Default':
-                        preference = 1
-                    else:
-                        preference = None
-                    if target == 'HDS':
-                        f4m_formats = self._extract_f4m_formats(
-                            uri + '?hdcore=3.3.0&plugin=aasp-3.3.0.99.43',
-                            video_id, preference, f4m_id=format_id, fatal=False)
-                        if kind == 'AudioResource':
-                            for f in f4m_formats:
-                                f['vcodec'] = 'none'
-                        formats.extend(f4m_formats)
-                    elif target == 'HLS':
-                        fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
-                            uri, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-                            quality=preference, m3u8_id=format_id, fatal=False)
-                        formats.extend(fmts)
-                        self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
-                    else:
-                        bitrate = link.get('Bitrate')
-                        if bitrate:
-                            format_id += '-%s' % bitrate
-                        formats.append({
-                            'url': uri,
-                            'format_id': format_id,
-                            'tbr': int_or_none(bitrate),
-                            'ext': link.get('FileFormat'),
-                            'vcodec': 'none' if kind == 'AudioResource' else None,
-                            'quality': preference,
-                        })
-            subtitles_list = asset.get('SubtitlesList') or asset.get('Subtitleslist')
-            if isinstance(subtitles_list, list):
-                LANGS = {
-                    'Danish': 'da',
-                }
-                for subs in subtitles_list:
-                    if not isinstance(subs, dict):
-                        continue
-                    sub_uri = url_or_none(subs.get('Uri'))
-                    if not sub_uri:
-                        continue
-                    lang = subs.get('Language') or 'da'
-                    subtitles.setdefault(LANGS.get(lang, lang), []).append({
-                        'url': sub_uri,
-                        'ext': mimetype2ext(subs.get('MimeType')) or 'vtt'
-                    })
-
-        if not formats and restricted_to_denmark:
-            self.raise_geo_restricted(
-                'Unfortunately, DR is not allowed to show this program outside Denmark.',
-                countries=self._GEO_COUNTRIES)
+        for stream in traverse_obj(stream_data, (lambda _, x: x['url'])):
+            format_id = stream.get('format', 'na')
+            access_service = stream.get('accessService')
+            preference = None
+            subtitle_suffix = ''
+            if access_service in ('SpokenSubtitles', 'SignLanguage', 'VisuallyInterpreted'):
+                preference = -1
+                format_id += f'-{access_service}'
+                subtitle_suffix = f'-{access_service}'
+            elif access_service == 'StandardVideo':
+                preference = 1
+            fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                stream.get('url'), video_id, ext='mp4', preference=preference, m3u8_id=format_id, fatal=False)
+            formats.extend(fmts)
+
+            api_subtitles = traverse_obj(stream, ('subtitles', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['link']), {dict}))
+            if not api_subtitles:
+                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+
+            for sub_track in api_subtitles:
+                lang = sub_track.get('language') or 'da'
+                subtitles.setdefault(self.SUBTITLE_LANGS.get(lang, lang) + subtitle_suffix, []).append({
+                    'url': sub_track['link'],
+                    'ext': mimetype2ext(sub_track.get('format')) or 'vtt'
+                })
+
+        if not formats and traverse_obj(item, ('season', 'customFields', 'IsGeoRestricted')):
+            self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=self._GEO_COUNTRIES)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
-            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
-            'timestamp': timestamp,
-            'duration': duration,
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
-            'series': str_or_none(data.get('SeriesTitle')),
-            'season': str_or_none(data.get('SeasonTitle')),
-            'season_number': int_or_none(data.get('SeasonNumber')),
-            'season_id': str_or_none(data.get('SeasonUrn')),
-            'episode': traverse_obj(supplementary_data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'contextualTitle')) or str_or_none(data.get('EpisodeTitle')),
-            'episode_number': traverse_obj(supplementary_data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'episodeNumber')) or int_or_none(data.get('EpisodeNumber')),
-            'release_year': int_or_none(data.get('ProductionYear')),
+            **traverse_obj(item, {
+                'title': 'title',
+                'alt_title': 'contextualTitle',
+                'description': 'description',
+                'thumbnail': ('images', 'wallpaper'),
+                'release_timestamp': ('customFields', 'BroadcastTimeDK', {parse_iso8601}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+                'series': ('season', 'show', 'title'),
+                'season': ('season', 'title'),
+                'season_number': ('season', 'seasonNumber', {int_or_none}),
+                'season_id': 'seasonId',
+                'episode': 'episodeName',
+                'episode_number': ('episodeNumber', {int_or_none}),
+                'release_year': ('releaseYear', {int_or_none}),
+            }),
         }
 
 
@@ -412,6 +314,8 @@ class DRTVSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
             'display_id': 'frank-and-kastaniegaarden',
             'title': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
             'series': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'season_number': 2008,
+            'alt_title': 'Season 2008',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 8
     }, {
@@ -421,6 +325,8 @@ class DRTVSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
             'display_id': 'frank-and-kastaniegaarden',
             'title': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
             'series': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'season_number': 2009,
+            'alt_title': 'Season 2009',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 19
     }]
@@ -434,6 +340,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'url': f'https://www.dr.dk/drtv{episode["path"]}',
             'ie_key': DRTVIE.ie_key(),
             'title': episode.get('title'),
+            'alt_title': episode.get('contextualTitle'),
             'episode': episode.get('episodeName'),
             'description': episode.get('shortDescription'),
             'series': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
@@ -446,6 +353,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'id': season_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
             'title': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
+            'alt_title': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'contextualTitle')),
             'series': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
             'entries': entries,
             'season_number': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'seasonNumber'))
@@ -463,6 +371,7 @@ class DRTVSeriesIE(InfoExtractor):
             'display_id': 'frank-and-kastaniegaarden',
             'title': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
             'series': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'alt_title': '',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 15
     }]
@@ -476,6 +385,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'url': f'https://www.dr.dk/drtv{season.get("path")}',
             'ie_key': DRTVSeasonIE.ie_key(),
             'title': season.get('title'),
+            'alt_title': season.get('contextualTitle'),
             'series': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
             'season_number': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'seasonNumber'))
         } for season in traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'show', 'seasons', 'items'))]
@@ -485,6 +395,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'id': series_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
             'title': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
+            'alt_title': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'contextualTitle')),
             'series': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
             'entries': entries
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/duoplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/duoplay.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e57fa7924fd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/duoplay.py
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    extract_attributes,
+    get_element_text_and_html_by_tag,
+    int_or_none,
+    join_nonempty,
+    str_or_none,
+    try_call,
+    unified_timestamp,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
+
+
+class DuoplayIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https://duoplay\.ee/(?P<id>\d+)/[\w-]+/?(?:\?(?:[^#]+&)?ep=(?P<ep>\d+))?'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'note': 'Siberi võmm S02E12',
+        'url': 'https://duoplay.ee/4312/siberi-vomm?ep=24',
+        'md5': '1ff59d535310ac9c5cf5f287d8f91b2d',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4312_24',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Operatsioon "Öö"',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg(?:\?c=\d+)?$',
+            'description': 'md5:8ef98f38569d6b8b78f3d350ccc6ade8',
+            'upload_date': '20170523',
+            'timestamp': 1495567800,
+            'series': 'Siberi võmm',
+            'series_id': '4312',
+            'season': 'Season 2',
+            'season_number': 2,
+            'episode': 'Operatsioon "Öö"',
+            'episode_number': 12,
+            'episode_id': 24,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Empty title',
+        'url': 'https://duoplay.ee/17/uhikarotid?ep=14',
+        'md5': '6aca68be71112314738dd17cced7f8bf',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '17_14',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Ühikarotid',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg(?:\?c=\d+)?$',
+            'description': 'md5:4719b418e058c209def41d48b601276e',
+            'upload_date': '20100916',
+            'timestamp': 1284661800,
+            'series': 'Ühikarotid',
+            'series_id': '17',
+            'season': 'Season 2',
+            'season_number': 2,
+            'episode_id': 14,
+            'release_year': 2010,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Movie',
+        'url': 'https://duoplay.ee/4325/naljamangud',
+        'md5': '2b0bcac4159a08b1844c2bfde06b1199',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4325',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Näljamängud',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg(?:\?c=\d+)?$',
+            'description': 'md5:fb35f5eb2ff46cdb82e4d5fbe7b49a13',
+            'cast': ['Jennifer Lawrence', 'Josh Hutcherson', 'Liam Hemsworth'],
+            'upload_date': '20231109',
+            'timestamp': 1699552800,
+            'release_year': 2012,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Movie without expiry',
+        'url': 'https://duoplay.ee/5501/pilvede-all.-neljas-ode',
+        'md5': '7abf63d773a49ef7c39f2c127842b8fd',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5501',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Pilvede all. Neljas õde',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg(?:\?c=\d+)?$',
+            'description': 'md5:d86a70f8f31e82c369d4d4f4c79b1279',
+            'cast': 'count:9',
+            'upload_date': '20221214',
+            'timestamp': 1671054000,
+            'release_year': 2018,
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        telecast_id, episode = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'ep')
+        video_id = join_nonempty(telecast_id, episode, delim='_')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        video_player = try_call(lambda: extract_attributes(
+            get_element_text_and_html_by_tag('video-player', webpage)[1]))
+        if not video_player or not video_player.get('manifest-url'):
+            raise ExtractorError('No video found', expected=True)
+
+        episode_attr = self._parse_json(video_player.get(':episode') or '', video_id, fatal=False) or {}
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(video_player['manifest-url'], video_id, 'mp4'),
+            **traverse_obj(episode_attr, {
+                'title': 'title',
+                'description': 'synopsis',
+                'thumbnail': ('images', 'original'),
+                'timestamp': ('airtime', {lambda x: unified_timestamp(x + ' +0200')}),
+                'cast': ('cast', {lambda x: x.split(', ')}),
+                'release_year': ('year', {int_or_none}),
+            }),
+            **(traverse_obj(episode_attr, {
+                'title': (None, ('subtitle', ('episode_nr', {lambda x: f'Episode {x}' if x else None}))),
+                'series': 'title',
+                'series_id': ('telecast_id', {str_or_none}),
+                'season_number': ('season_id', {int_or_none}),
+                'episode': 'subtitle',
+                'episode_number': ('episode_nr', {int_or_none}),
+                'episode_id': ('episode_id', {int_or_none}),
+            }, get_all=False) if episode_attr.get('category') != 'movies' else {}),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/eltrecetv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/eltrecetv.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f64023af7e45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/eltrecetv.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class ElTreceTVIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_DESC = 'El Trece TV (Argentina)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?eltrecetv\.com\.ar/[\w-]+/capitulos/temporada-\d+/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.eltrecetv.com.ar/ahora-caigo/capitulos/temporada-2023/programa-del-061023/',
+            'md5': '71a66673dc63f9a5939d97bfe4b311ba',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'AHCA05102023145553329621094',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'AHORA CAIGO - Programa 06/10/23',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://thumbs.vodgc.net/AHCA05102023145553329621094.JPG?649339',
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.eltrecetv.com.ar/poco-correctos/capitulos/temporada-2023/programa-del-250923-invitada-dalia-gutmann/',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.eltrecetv.com.ar/argentina-tierra-de-amor-y-venganza/capitulos/temporada-2023/atav-2-capitulo-121-del-250923/',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.eltrecetv.com.ar/ahora-caigo/capitulos/temporada-2023/programa-del-250923/',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.eltrecetv.com.ar/pasaplatos/capitulos/temporada-2023/pasaplatos-el-restaurante-del-250923/',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.eltrecetv.com.ar/el-galpon/capitulos/temporada-2023/programa-del-160923-invitado-raul-lavie/',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        }
+    ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        slug = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, slug)
+        config = self._search_json(
+            r'Fusion.globalContent\s*=', webpage, 'content', slug)['promo_items']['basic']['embed']['config']
+        video_url = config['m3u8']
+        video_id = self._search_regex(r'/(\w+)\.m3u8', video_url, 'video id', default=slug)
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
+        formats.extend([{
+            'url': f['url'][:-23],
+            'format_id': f['format_id'].replace('hls', 'http'),
+            'width': f.get('width'),
+            'height': f.get('height'),
+        } for f in formats if f['url'].endswith('/tracks-v1a1/index.m3u8') and f.get('height') != 1080])
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': config.get('title'),
+            'thumbnail': config.get('thumbnail'),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fc2.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fc2.py
index ba19b6cab421..bbc4b5693125 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fc2.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fc2.py
@@ -2,11 +2,9 @@
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_parse_qs
-from ..dependencies import websockets
 from ..networking import Request
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
-    WebSocketsWrapper,
     js_to_json,
     traverse_obj,
     update_url_query,
@@ -167,8 +165,6 @@ class FC2LiveIE(InfoExtractor):
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        if not websockets:
-            raise ExtractorError('websockets library is not available. Please install it.', expected=True)
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://live.fc2.com/%s/' % video_id, video_id)
 
@@ -199,13 +195,9 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
         ws_url = update_url_query(control_server['url'], {'control_token': control_server['control_token']})
         playlist_data = None
 
-        self.to_screen('%s: Fetching HLS playlist info via WebSocket' % video_id)
-        ws = WebSocketsWrapper(ws_url, {
-            'Cookie': str(self._get_cookies('https://live.fc2.com/'))[12:],
+        ws = self._request_webpage(Request(ws_url, headers={
             'Origin': 'https://live.fc2.com',
-            'Accept': '*/*',
-            'User-Agent': self.get_param('http_headers')['User-Agent'],
-        })
+        }), video_id, note='Fetching HLS playlist info via WebSocket')
 
         self.write_debug('Sending HLS server request')
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/jiosaavn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/jiosaavn.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..552b73f71730
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/jiosaavn.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    js_to_json,
+    url_or_none,
+    urlencode_postdata,
+    urljoin,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
+
+
+class JioSaavnBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    def _extract_initial_data(self, url, audio_id):
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, audio_id)
+        return self._search_json(
+            r'window\.__INITIAL_DATA__\s*=', webpage,
+            'init json', audio_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
+
+
+class JioSaavnSongIE(JioSaavnBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:jiosaavn\.com/song/[^/?#]+/|saavn\.com/s/song/(?:[^/?#]+/){3})(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.jiosaavn.com/song/leja-re/OQsEfQFVUXk',
+        'md5': '7b1f70de088ede3a152ea34aece4df42',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'OQsEfQFVUXk',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Leja Re',
+            'album': 'Leja Re',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://c.saavncdn.com/258/Leja-Re-Hindi-2018-20181124024539-500x500.jpg',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Saathiya/O-Humdum-Suniyo-Re/KAMiazoCblU',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        audio_id = self._match_id(url)
+        song_data = self._extract_initial_data(url, audio_id)['song']['song']
+        media_data = self._download_json(
+            'https://www.jiosaavn.com/api.php', audio_id, data=urlencode_postdata({
+                '__call': 'song.generateAuthToken',
+                '_format': 'json',
+                'bitrate': '128',
+                'url': song_data['encrypted_media_url'],
+            }))
+
+        return {
+            'id': audio_id,
+            'url': media_data['auth_url'],
+            'ext': media_data.get('type'),
+            'vcodec': 'none',
+            **traverse_obj(song_data, {
+                'title': ('title', 'text'),
+                'album': ('album', 'text'),
+                'thumbnail': ('image', 0, {url_or_none}),
+            }),
+        }
+
+
+class JioSaavnAlbumIE(JioSaavnBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:jio)?saavn\.com/album/[^/?#]+/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/96/buIOjYZDrNA_',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'buIOjYZDrNA_',
+            'title': '96',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 10,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        album_id = self._match_id(url)
+        album_view = self._extract_initial_data(url, album_id)['albumView']
+
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(
+            traverse_obj(album_view, (
+                'modules', lambda _, x: x['key'] == 'list', 'data', ..., 'title', 'action', {str})),
+            album_id, traverse_obj(album_view, ('album', 'title', 'text', {str})), ie=JioSaavnSongIE,
+            getter=lambda x: urljoin('https://www.jiosaavn.com/', x))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py
index 8fba2bcf741d..136b0e10a146 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py
@@ -3,230 +3,306 @@
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
-from ..utils import ExtractorError, make_archive_id, parse_iso8601, remove_start
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    int_or_none,
+    make_archive_id,
+    parse_iso8601,
+    smuggle_url,
+    try_call,
+    unsmuggle_url,
+    update_url_query,
+    url_or_none,
+    urljoin,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 
 _BASE_URL_RE = r'https?://(?:www\.|beta\.)?(?:watchnebula\.com|nebula\.app|nebula\.tv)'
 
 
 class NebulaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'watchnebula'
+    _token = _api_token = None
 
-    _nebula_api_token = None
-    _nebula_bearer_token = None
-
-    def _perform_nebula_auth(self, username, password):
-        if not username or not password:
-            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
-
-        data = json.dumps({'email': username, 'password': password}).encode('utf8')
-        response = self._download_json(
-            'https://api.watchnebula.com/api/v1/auth/login/',
-            data=data, fatal=False, video_id=None,
-            headers={
-                'content-type': 'application/json',
-                # Submitting the 'sessionid' cookie always causes a 403 on auth endpoint
-                'cookie': ''
-            },
-            note='Logging in to Nebula with supplied credentials',
-            errnote='Authentication failed or rejected')
-        if not response or not response.get('key'):
-            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
-
-        return response['key']
-
-    def _call_nebula_api(self, url, video_id=None, method='GET', auth_type='api', note=''):
-        assert method in ('GET', 'POST',)
-        assert auth_type in ('api', 'bearer',)
-
-        def inner_call():
-            authorization = f'Token {self._nebula_api_token}' if auth_type == 'api' else f'Bearer {self._nebula_bearer_token}'
-            return self._download_json(
-                url, video_id, note=note, headers={'Authorization': authorization},
-                data=b'' if method == 'POST' else None)
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        try:
+            response = self._download_json(
+                'https://nebula.tv/auth/login/', None,
+                'Logging in to Nebula', 'Login failed',
+                data=json.dumps({'email': username, 'password': password}).encode(),
+                headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 400:
+                raise ExtractorError('Login failed: Invalid username or password', expected=True)
+            raise
+        self._api_token = traverse_obj(response, ('key', {str}))
+        if not self._api_token:
+            raise ExtractorError('Login failed: No token')
 
+    def _call_api(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if self._token:
+            kwargs.setdefault('headers', {})['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {self._token}'
         try:
-            return inner_call()
-        except ExtractorError as exc:
-            # if 401 or 403, attempt credential re-auth and retry
-            if exc.cause and isinstance(exc.cause, HTTPError) and exc.cause.status in (401, 403):
-                self.to_screen(f'Reauthenticating to Nebula and retrying, because last {auth_type} call resulted in error {exc.cause.code}')
-                self._perform_login()
-                return inner_call()
-            else:
+            return self._download_json(*args, **kwargs)
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if not isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) or e.cause.status not in (401, 403):
                 raise
+            self.to_screen(
+                f'Reauthorizing with Nebula and retrying, because last API call resulted in error {e.cause.status}')
+            self._real_initialize()
+            if self._token:
+                kwargs.setdefault('headers', {})['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {self._token}'
+            return self._download_json(*args, **kwargs)
 
-    def _fetch_nebula_bearer_token(self):
-        """
-        Get a Bearer token for the Nebula API. This will be required to fetch video meta data.
-        """
-        response = self._call_nebula_api('https://api.watchnebula.com/api/v1/authorization/',
-                                         method='POST',
-                                         note='Authorizing to Nebula')
-        return response['token']
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        if not self._api_token:
+            self._api_token = try_call(
+                lambda: self._get_cookies('https://nebula.tv')['nebula_auth.apiToken'].value)
+        self._token = self._download_json(
+            'https://users.api.nebula.app/api/v1/authorization/', None,
+            headers={'Authorization': f'Token {self._api_token}'} if self._api_token else None,
+            note='Authorizing to Nebula', data=b'')['token']
 
-    def _fetch_video_formats(self, slug):
-        stream_info = self._call_nebula_api(f'https://content.api.nebula.app/video/{slug}/stream/',
-                                            video_id=slug,
-                                            auth_type='bearer',
-                                            note='Fetching video stream info')
-        manifest_url = stream_info['manifest']
-        return self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(manifest_url, slug, 'mp4')
+    def _extract_formats(self, content_id, slug):
+        for retry in (False, True):
+            try:
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    f'https://content.api.nebula.app/{content_id.split(":")[0]}s/{content_id}/manifest.m3u8',
+                    slug, 'mp4', query={
+                        'token': self._token,
+                        'app_version': '23.10.0',
+                        'platform': 'ios',
+                    })
+                return {'formats': fmts, 'subtitles': subs}
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 401:
+                    self.raise_login_required()
+                if not retry and isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 403:
+                    self.to_screen('Reauthorizing with Nebula and retrying, because fetching video resulted in error')
+                    self._real_initialize()
+                    continue
+                raise
 
-    def _build_video_info(self, episode):
-        fmts, subs = self._fetch_video_formats(episode['slug'])
-        channel_slug = episode['channel_slug']
-        channel_title = episode['channel_title']
-        zype_id = episode.get('zype_id')
+    def _extract_video_metadata(self, episode):
+        channel_url = traverse_obj(
+            episode, (('channel_slug', 'class_slug'), {lambda x: urljoin('https://nebula.tv/', x)}), get_all=False)
         return {
-            'id': remove_start(episode['id'], 'video_episode:'),
-            'display_id': episode['slug'],
-            'formats': fmts,
-            'subtitles': subs,
-            'webpage_url': f'https://nebula.tv/{episode["slug"]}',
-            'title': episode['title'],
-            'description': episode['description'],
-            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(episode['published_at']),
-            'thumbnails': [{
-                # 'id': tn.get('name'),  # this appears to be null
-                'url': tn['original'],
-                'height': key,
-            } for key, tn in episode['assets']['thumbnail'].items()],
-            'duration': episode['duration'],
-            'channel': channel_title,
-            'channel_id': channel_slug,
-            'channel_url': f'https://nebula.tv/{channel_slug}',
-            'uploader': channel_title,
-            'uploader_id': channel_slug,
-            'uploader_url': f'https://nebula.tv/{channel_slug}',
-            'series': channel_title,
-            'creator': channel_title,
-            'extractor_key': NebulaIE.ie_key(),
-            'extractor': NebulaIE.IE_NAME,
-            '_old_archive_ids': [make_archive_id(NebulaIE, zype_id)] if zype_id else None,
+            'id': episode['id'].partition(':')[2],
+            **traverse_obj(episode, {
+                'display_id': 'slug',
+                'title': 'title',
+                'description': 'description',
+                'timestamp': ('published_at', {parse_iso8601}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+                'channel_id': 'channel_slug',
+                'uploader_id': 'channel_slug',
+                'channel': 'channel_title',
+                'uploader': 'channel_title',
+                'series': 'channel_title',
+                'creator': 'channel_title',
+                'thumbnail': ('images', 'thumbnail', 'src', {url_or_none}),
+                'episode_number': ('order', {int_or_none}),
+                # Old code was wrongly setting extractor_key from NebulaSubscriptionsIE
+                '_old_archive_ids': ('zype_id', {lambda x: [
+                    make_archive_id(NebulaIE, x), make_archive_id(NebulaSubscriptionsIE, x)] if x else None}),
+            }),
+            'channel_url': channel_url,
+            'uploader_url': channel_url,
         }
 
-    def _perform_login(self, username=None, password=None):
-        self._nebula_api_token = self._perform_nebula_auth(username, password)
-        self._nebula_bearer_token = self._fetch_nebula_bearer_token()
-
 
 class NebulaIE(NebulaBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/videos/(?P<id>[-\w]+)'
-    _TESTS = [
-        {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/that-time-disney-remade-beauty-and-the-beast',
-            'md5': '14944cfee8c7beeea106320c47560efc',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '84ed544d-4afd-4723-8cd5-2b95261f0abf',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'That Time Disney Remade Beauty and the Beast',
-                'description': 'Note: this video was originally posted on YouTube with the sponsor read included. We weren’t able to remove it without reducing video quality, so it’s presented here in its original context.',
-                'upload_date': '20180731',
-                'timestamp': 1533009600,
-                'channel': 'Lindsay Ellis',
-                'channel_id': 'lindsayellis',
-                'uploader': 'Lindsay Ellis',
-                'uploader_id': 'lindsayellis',
-                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/lindsayellis',
-                'series': 'Lindsay Ellis',
-                'display_id': 'that-time-disney-remade-beauty-and-the-beast',
-                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/lindsayellis',
-                'creator': 'Lindsay Ellis',
-                'duration': 2212,
-                'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+\.jpeg?.*',
-            },
-        },
-        {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/the-logistics-of-d-day-landing-craft-how-the-allies-got-ashore',
-            'md5': 'd05739cf6c38c09322422f696b569c23',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '7e623145-1b44-4ca3-aa0b-ed25a247ea34',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Landing Craft - How The Allies Got Ashore',
-                'description': r're:^In this episode we explore the unsung heroes of D-Day, the landing craft.',
-                'upload_date': '20200327',
-                'timestamp': 1585348140,
-                'channel': 'Real Engineering — The Logistics of D-Day',
-                'channel_id': 'd-day',
-                'uploader': 'Real Engineering — The Logistics of D-Day',
-                'uploader_id': 'd-day',
-                'series': 'Real Engineering — The Logistics of D-Day',
-                'display_id': 'the-logistics-of-d-day-landing-craft-how-the-allies-got-ashore',
-                'creator': 'Real Engineering — The Logistics of D-Day',
-                'duration': 841,
-                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/d-day',
-                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/d-day',
-                'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+\.jpeg?.*',
-            },
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/that-time-disney-remade-beauty-and-the-beast',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '84ed544d-4afd-4723-8cd5-2b95261f0abf',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'That Time Disney Remade Beauty and the Beast',
+            'description': 'md5:2aae3c4cfc5ee09a1ecdff0909618cf4',
+            'upload_date': '20180731',
+            'timestamp': 1533009600,
+            'channel': 'Lindsay Ellis',
+            'channel_id': 'lindsayellis',
+            'uploader': 'Lindsay Ellis',
+            'uploader_id': 'lindsayellis',
+            'uploader_url': r're:https://nebula\.(tv|app)/lindsayellis',
+            'series': 'Lindsay Ellis',
+            'display_id': 'that-time-disney-remade-beauty-and-the-beast',
+            'channel_url': r're:https://nebula\.(tv|app)/lindsayellis',
+            'creator': 'Lindsay Ellis',
+            'duration': 2212,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+',
+            '_old_archive_ids': ['nebula 5c271b40b13fd613090034fd', 'nebulasubscriptions 5c271b40b13fd613090034fd'],
         },
-        {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/money-episode-1-the-draw',
-            'md5': 'ebe28a7ad822b9ee172387d860487868',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'b96c5714-9e2b-4ec3-b3f1-20f6e89cc553',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Episode 1: The Draw',
-                'description': r'contains:There’s free money on offer… if the players can all work together.',
-                'upload_date': '20200323',
-                'timestamp': 1584980400,
-                'channel': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
-                'channel_id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
-                'uploader': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
-                'uploader_id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
-                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
-                'duration': 825,
-                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
-                'series': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
-                'display_id': 'money-episode-1-the-draw',
-                'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+\.jpeg?.*',
-                'creator': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
-            },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/the-logistics-of-d-day-landing-craft-how-the-allies-got-ashore',
+        'md5': 'd05739cf6c38c09322422f696b569c23',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7e623145-1b44-4ca3-aa0b-ed25a247ea34',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Landing Craft - How The Allies Got Ashore',
+            'description': r're:^In this episode we explore the unsung heroes of D-Day, the landing craft.',
+            'upload_date': '20200327',
+            'timestamp': 1585348140,
+            'channel': 'Real Engineering — The Logistics of D-Day',
+            'channel_id': 'd-day',
+            'uploader': 'Real Engineering — The Logistics of D-Day',
+            'uploader_id': 'd-day',
+            'series': 'Real Engineering — The Logistics of D-Day',
+            'display_id': 'the-logistics-of-d-day-landing-craft-how-the-allies-got-ashore',
+            'creator': 'Real Engineering — The Logistics of D-Day',
+            'duration': 841,
+            'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/d-day',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/d-day',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+',
+            '_old_archive_ids': ['nebula 5e7e78171aaf320001fbd6be', 'nebulasubscriptions 5e7e78171aaf320001fbd6be'],
         },
-        {
-            'url': 'https://watchnebula.com/videos/money-episode-1-the-draw',
-            'only_matching': True,
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/money-episode-1-the-draw',
+        'md5': 'ebe28a7ad822b9ee172387d860487868',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'b96c5714-9e2b-4ec3-b3f1-20f6e89cc553',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Episode 1: The Draw',
+            'description': r'contains:There’s free money on offer… if the players can all work together.',
+            'upload_date': '20200323',
+            'timestamp': 1584980400,
+            'channel': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
+            'channel_id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
+            'uploader': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
+            'uploader_id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
+            'duration': 825,
+            'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
+            'series': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
+            'display_id': 'money-episode-1-the-draw',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+',
+            'creator': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
+            '_old_archive_ids': ['nebula 5e779ebdd157bc0001d1c75a', 'nebulasubscriptions 5e779ebdd157bc0001d1c75a'],
         },
-        {
-            'url': 'https://beta.nebula.tv/videos/money-episode-1-the-draw',
-            'only_matching': True,
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://watchnebula.com/videos/money-episode-1-the-draw',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/tldrnewseu-did-the-us-really-blow-up-the-nordstream-pipelines',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'e389af9d-1dab-44f2-8788-ee24deb7ff0d',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': 'tldrnewseu-did-the-us-really-blow-up-the-nordstream-pipelines',
+            'title': 'Did the US Really Blow Up the NordStream Pipelines?',
+            'description': 'md5:b4e2a14e3ff08f546a3209c75261e789',
+            'upload_date': '20230223',
+            'timestamp': 1677144070,
+            'channel': 'TLDR News EU',
+            'channel_id': 'tldrnewseu',
+            'uploader': 'TLDR News EU',
+            'uploader_id': 'tldrnewseu',
+            'uploader_url': r're:https://nebula\.(tv|app)/tldrnewseu',
+            'duration': 524,
+            'channel_url': r're:https://nebula\.(tv|app)/tldrnewseu',
+            'series': 'TLDR News EU',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+',
+            'creator': 'TLDR News EU',
+            '_old_archive_ids': ['nebula 63f64c74366fcd00017c1513', 'nebulasubscriptions 63f64c74366fcd00017c1513'],
         },
-    ]
-
-    def _fetch_video_metadata(self, slug):
-        return self._call_nebula_api(f'https://content.api.nebula.app/video/{slug}/',
-                                     video_id=slug,
-                                     auth_type='bearer',
-                                     note='Fetching video meta data')
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://beta.nebula.tv/videos/money-episode-1-the-draw',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         slug = self._match_id(url)
-        video = self._fetch_video_metadata(slug)
-        return self._build_video_info(video)
+        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
+        if smuggled_data.get('id'):
+            return {
+                'id': smuggled_data['id'],
+                'display_id': slug,
+                'title': '',
+                **self._extract_formats(smuggled_data['id'], slug),
+            }
+
+        metadata = self._call_api(
+            f'https://content.api.nebula.app/content/videos/{slug}',
+            slug, note='Fetching video metadata')
+        return {
+            **self._extract_video_metadata(metadata),
+            **self._extract_formats(metadata['id'], slug),
+        }
+
+
+class NebulaClassIE(NebulaBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'nebula:class'
+    _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/(?P<id>[-\w]+)/(?P<ep>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/copyright-for-fun-and-profit/14',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'd7432cdc-c608-474d-942c-f74345daed7b',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': '14',
+            'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/copyright-for-fun-and-profit',
+            'episode_number': 14,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://dj423fildxgac.cloudfront.net/d533718d-9307-42d4-8fb0-e283285e99c9',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/copyright-for-fun-and-profit',
+            'duration': 646,
+            'episode': 'Episode 14',
+            'title': 'Photos, Sculpture, and Video',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        slug, episode = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'ep')
+        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
+        if smuggled_data.get('id'):
+            return {
+                'id': smuggled_data['id'],
+                'display_id': slug,
+                'title': '',
+                **self._extract_formats(smuggled_data['id'], slug),
+            }
+
+        metadata = self._call_api(
+            f'https://content.api.nebula.app/content/{slug}/{episode}/?include=lessons',
+            slug, note='Fetching video metadata')
+        return {
+            **self._extract_video_metadata(metadata),
+            **self._extract_formats(metadata['id'], slug),
+        }
 
 
 class NebulaSubscriptionsIE(NebulaBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'nebula:subscriptions'
-    _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/myshows'
-    _TESTS = [
-        {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/myshows',
-            'playlist_mincount': 1,
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'myshows',
-            },
+    _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/(?P<id>myshows|library/latest-videos)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/myshows',
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'myshows',
         },
-    ]
+    }]
 
     def _generate_playlist_entries(self):
-        next_url = 'https://content.watchnebula.com/library/video/?page_size=100'
-        page_num = 1
-        while next_url:
-            channel = self._call_nebula_api(next_url, 'myshows', auth_type='bearer',
-                                            note=f'Retrieving subscriptions page {page_num}')
+        next_url = update_url_query('https://content.api.nebula.app/video_episodes/', {
+            'following': 'true',
+            'include': 'engagement',
+            'ordering': '-published_at',
+        })
+        for page_num in itertools.count(1):
+            channel = self._call_api(
+                next_url, 'myshows', note=f'Retrieving subscriptions page {page_num}')
             for episode in channel['results']:
-                yield self._build_video_info(episode)
-            next_url = channel['next']
-            page_num += 1
+                metadata = self._extract_video_metadata(episode)
+                yield self.url_result(smuggle_url(
+                    f'https://nebula.tv/videos/{metadata["display_id"]}',
+                    {'id': episode['id']}), NebulaIE, url_transparent=True, **metadata)
+            next_url = channel.get('next')
+            if not next_url:
+                return
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         return self.playlist_result(self._generate_playlist_entries(), 'myshows')
@@ -234,48 +310,74 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
 class NebulaChannelIE(NebulaBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'nebula:channel'
-    _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/(?!myshows|videos/)(?P<id>[-\w]+)'
-    _TESTS = [
-        {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
-                'title': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
-                'description': 'Tom Scott hosts a series all about trust, negotiation and money.',
-            },
-            'playlist_count': 5,
-        }, {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/lindsayellis',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'lindsayellis',
-                'title': 'Lindsay Ellis',
-                'description': 'Enjoy these hottest of takes on Disney, Transformers, and Musicals.',
-            },
-            'playlist_mincount': 2,
+    _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/(?!myshows|library|videos/)(?P<id>[-\w]+)/?(?:$|[?#])'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
+            'title': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
+            'description': 'Tom Scott hosts a series all about trust, negotiation and money.',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 5,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/lindsayellis',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'lindsayellis',
+            'title': 'Lindsay Ellis',
+            'description': 'Enjoy these hottest of takes on Disney, Transformers, and Musicals.',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 2,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/johnnyharris',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'johnnyharris',
+            'title': 'Johnny Harris',
+            'description': 'I make videos about maps and many other things.',
         },
-    ]
+        'playlist_mincount': 90,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://nebula.tv/copyright-for-fun-and-profit',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'copyright-for-fun-and-profit',
+            'title': 'Copyright for Fun and Profit',
+            'description': 'md5:6690248223eed044a9f11cd5a24f9742',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 23,
+    }]
 
-    def _generate_playlist_entries(self, collection_id, channel):
-        episodes = channel['episodes']['results']
-        for page_num in itertools.count(2):
-            for episode in episodes:
-                yield self._build_video_info(episode)
-            next_url = channel['episodes']['next']
+    def _generate_playlist_entries(self, collection_id, collection_slug):
+        next_url = f'https://content.api.nebula.app/video_channels/{collection_id}/video_episodes/?ordering=-published_at'
+        for page_num in itertools.count(1):
+            episodes = self._call_api(next_url, collection_slug, note=f'Retrieving channel page {page_num}')
+            for episode in episodes['results']:
+                metadata = self._extract_video_metadata(episode)
+                yield self.url_result(smuggle_url(
+                    episode.get('share_url') or f'https://nebula.tv/videos/{metadata["display_id"]}',
+                    {'id': episode['id']}), NebulaIE, url_transparent=True, **metadata)
+            next_url = episodes.get('next')
             if not next_url:
                 break
-            channel = self._call_nebula_api(next_url, collection_id, auth_type='bearer',
-                                            note=f'Retrieving channel page {page_num}')
-            episodes = channel['episodes']['results']
+
+    def _generate_class_entries(self, channel):
+        for lesson in channel['lessons']:
+            metadata = self._extract_video_metadata(lesson)
+            yield self.url_result(smuggle_url(
+                lesson.get('share_url') or f'https://nebula.tv/{metadata["class_slug"]}/{metadata["slug"]}',
+                {'id': lesson['id']}), NebulaClassIE, url_transparent=True, **metadata)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        collection_id = self._match_id(url)
-        channel_url = f'https://content.watchnebula.com/video/channels/{collection_id}/'
-        channel = self._call_nebula_api(channel_url, collection_id, auth_type='bearer', note='Retrieving channel')
-        channel_details = channel['details']
+        collection_slug = self._match_id(url)
+        channel = self._call_api(
+            f'https://content.api.nebula.app/content/{collection_slug}/?include=lessons',
+            collection_slug, note='Retrieving channel')
+
+        if channel.get('type') == 'class':
+            entries = self._generate_class_entries(channel)
+        else:
+            entries = self._generate_playlist_entries(channel['id'], collection_slug)
 
         return self.playlist_result(
-            entries=self._generate_playlist_entries(collection_id, channel),
-            playlist_id=collection_id,
-            playlist_title=channel_details['title'],
-            playlist_description=channel_details['description']
-        )
+            entries=entries,
+            playlist_id=collection_slug,
+            playlist_title=channel.get('title'),
+            playlist_description=channel.get('description'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py
index fa2d709d28f7..797b5268af49 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py
@@ -8,12 +8,11 @@
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
-from ..dependencies import websockets
+from ..networking import Request
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
     OnDemandPagedList,
-    WebSocketsWrapper,
     bug_reports_message,
     clean_html,
     float_or_none,
@@ -934,8 +933,6 @@ class NiconicoLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
     _KNOWN_LATENCY = ('high', 'low')
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        if not websockets:
-            raise ExtractorError('websockets library is not available. Please install it.', expected=True)
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(f'https://live.nicovideo.jp/watch/{video_id}', video_id)
 
@@ -950,17 +947,13 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
         })
 
         hostname = remove_start(urlparse(urlh.url).hostname, 'sp.')
-        cookies = try_get(urlh.url, self._downloader._calc_cookies)
         latency = try_get(self._configuration_arg('latency'), lambda x: x[0])
         if latency not in self._KNOWN_LATENCY:
             latency = 'high'
 
-        ws = WebSocketsWrapper(ws_url, {
-            'Cookies': str_or_none(cookies) or '',
-            'Origin': f'https://{hostname}',
-            'Accept': '*/*',
-            'User-Agent': self.get_param('http_headers')['User-Agent'],
-        })
+        ws = self._request_webpage(
+            Request(ws_url, headers={'Origin': f'https://{hostname}'}),
+            video_id=video_id, note='Connecting to WebSocket server')
 
         self.write_debug('[debug] Sending HLS server request')
         ws.send(json.dumps({
@@ -1034,7 +1027,6 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 'protocol': 'niconico_live',
                 'ws': ws,
                 'video_id': video_id,
-                'cookies': cookies,
                 'live_latency': latency,
                 'origin': hostname,
             })
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nintendo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nintendo.py
index ed839af25d2e..853a169bb0d3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nintendo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nintendo.py
@@ -1,57 +1,131 @@
-import re
+import json
+import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from .ooyala import OoyalaIE
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    make_archive_id,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    urljoin,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 
 
 class NintendoIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?nintendo\.com/(?:games/detail|nintendo-direct)/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?nintendo\.com/(?:(?P<locale>\w{2}(?:-\w{2})?)/)?nintendo-direct/(?P<slug>[^/?#]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://www.nintendo.com/games/detail/duck-hunt-wii-u/',
+        'url': 'https://www.nintendo.com/nintendo-direct/09-04-2019/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'MzMmticjp0VPzO3CCj4rmFOuohEuEWoW',
-            'ext': 'flv',
-            'title': 'Duck Hunt Wii U VC NES - Trailer',
-            'duration': 60.326,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'id': '2oPmiviVePUA1IqAZzjuVh',
+            'display_id': '09-04-2019',
+            'title': 'Nintendo Direct 9.4.2019',
+            'timestamp': 1567580400,
+            'description': 'md5:8aac2780361d8cb772b6d1de66d7d6f4',
+            'upload_date': '20190904',
+            'age_limit': 17,
+            '_old_archive_ids': ['nintendo J2bXdmaTE6fe3dWJTPcc7m23FNbc_A1V'],
         },
-        'add_ie': ['Ooyala'],
     }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.nintendo.com/games/detail/tokyo-mirage-sessions-fe-wii-u',
+        'url': 'https://www.nintendo.com/en-ca/nintendo-direct/08-31-2023/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'tokyo-mirage-sessions-fe-wii-u',
-            'title': 'Tokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FE',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'id': '2TB2w2rJhNYF84qQ9E57hU',
+            'display_id': '08-31-2023',
+            'title': 'Super Mario Bros. Wonder Direct 8.31.2023',
+            'timestamp': 1693465200,
+            'description': 'md5:3067c5b824bcfdae9090a7f38ab2d200',
+            'tags': ['Mild Fantasy Violence', 'In-Game Purchases'],
+            'upload_date': '20230831',
+            'age_limit': 6,
         },
-        'playlist_count': 4,
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.nintendo.com/nintendo-direct/09-04-2019/',
+        'url': 'https://www.nintendo.com/us/nintendo-direct/50-fact-extravaganza/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'J2bXdmaTE6fe3dWJTPcc7m23FNbc_A1V',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Switch_ROS_ND0904-H264.mov',
-            'duration': 2324.758,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
+            'id': 'j0BBGzfw0pQ',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'description': 'Learn new details about Super Smash Bros. for Wii U, which launches on November 21.',
+            'duration': 2123,
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/j0BBGzfw0pQ/maxresdefault.webp',
+            'timestamp': 1414047600,
+            'channel_id': 'UCGIY_O-8vW4rfX98KlMkvRg',
+            'chapters': 'count:53',
+            'heatmap': 'count:100',
+            'upload_date': '20141023',
+            'uploader_id': '@NintendoAmerica',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'categories': ['Gaming'],
+            'display_id': '50-fact-extravaganza',
+            'channel': 'Nintendo of America',
+            'tags': ['Comic Mischief', 'Cartoon Violence', 'Mild Suggestive Themes'],
+            'like_count': int,
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGIY_O-8vW4rfX98KlMkvRg',
+            'age_limit': 10,
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@NintendoAmerica',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'uploader': 'Nintendo of America',
+            'title': '50-FACT Extravaganza',
         },
-        'add_ie': ['Ooyala'],
     }]
 
+    def _create_asset_url(self, path):
+        return urljoin('https://assets.nintendo.com/', urllib.parse.quote(path))
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        page_id = self._match_id(url)
+        locale, slug = self._match_valid_url(url).group('locale', 'slug')
+
+        language, _, country = (locale or 'US').rpartition('-')
+        parsed_locale = f'{language.lower() or "en"}_{country.upper()}'
+        self.write_debug(f'Using locale {parsed_locale} (from {locale})', only_once=True)
+
+        response = self._download_json('https://graph.nintendo.com/', slug, query={
+            'operationName': 'NintendoDirect',
+            'variables': json.dumps({
+                'locale': parsed_locale,
+                'slug': slug,
+            }, separators=(',', ':')),
+            'extensions': json.dumps({
+                'persistedQuery': {
+                    'version': 1,
+                    'sha256Hash': '969b16fe9f08b686fa37bc44d1fd913b6188e65794bb5e341c54fa683a8004cb'
+                },
+            }, separators=(',', ':')),
+        })
+        # API returns `{"data": {"direct": null}}` if no matching id
+        direct_info = traverse_obj(response, ('data', 'direct', {dict}))
+        if not direct_info:
+            raise ExtractorError(f'No Nintendo Direct with id {slug} exists', expected=True)
+
+        errors = ', '.join(traverse_obj(response, ('errors', ..., 'message')))
+        if errors:
+            raise ExtractorError(f'GraphQL API error: {errors or "Unknown error"}')
+
+        result = traverse_obj(direct_info, {
+            'id': ('id', {str}),
+            'title': ('name', {str}),
+            'timestamp': ('startDate', {unified_timestamp}),
+            'description': ('description', 'text', {str}),
+            'age_limit': ('contentRating', 'order', {int}),
+            'tags': ('contentDescriptors', ..., 'label', {str}),
+            'thumbnail': ('thumbnail', {self._create_asset_url}),
+        })
+        result['display_id'] = slug
 
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, page_id)
+        asset_id = traverse_obj(direct_info, ('video', 'publicId', {str}))
+        if not asset_id:
+            youtube_id = traverse_obj(direct_info, ('liveStream', {str}))
+            if not youtube_id:
+                self.raise_no_formats('Could not find any video formats', video_id=slug)
 
-        entries = [
-            OoyalaIE._build_url_result(m.group('code'))
-            for m in re.finditer(
-                r'data-(?:video-id|directVideoId)=(["\'])(?P<code>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1', webpage)]
+            return self.url_result(youtube_id, **result, url_transparent=True)
 
-        title = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<(?:span|div)[^>]+class="(?:title|wrapper)"[^>]*>.*?<h1>(.+?)</h1>',
-            webpage, 'title', fatal=False)
+        if asset_id.startswith('Legacy Videos/'):
+            result['_old_archive_ids'] = [make_archive_id(self, asset_id[14:])]
+        result['formats'] = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+            self._create_asset_url(f'/video/upload/sp_full_hd/v1/{asset_id}.m3u8'), slug)
 
-        return self.playlist_result(
-            entries, page_id, title)
+        return result
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/njpwworld.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/njpwworld.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 607838133049..000000000000
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/njpwworld.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-import re
-
-from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import compat_urlparse
-from ..utils import (
-    get_element_by_class,
-    urlencode_postdata,
-)
-
-
-class NJPWWorldIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(front\.)?njpwworld\.com/p/(?P<id>[a-z0-9_]+)'
-    IE_DESC = '新日本プロレスワールド'
-    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'njpwworld'
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://njpwworld.com/p/s_series_00155_1_9/',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 's_series_00155_1_9',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '闘強導夢2000 2000年1月4日 東京ドーム 第9試合 ランディ・サベージ VS リック・スタイナー',
-            'tags': list,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,  # AES-encrypted m3u8
-        },
-        'skip': 'Requires login',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://front.njpwworld.com/p/s_series_00563_16_bs',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 's_series_00563_16_bs',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'WORLD TAG LEAGUE 2020 & BEST OF THE SUPER Jr.27 2020年12月6日 福岡・福岡国際センター バックステージコメント（字幕あり）',
-            'tags': ["福岡・福岡国際センター", "バックステージコメント", "2020", "20年代"],
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }]
-
-    _LOGIN_URL = 'https://front.njpwworld.com/auth/login'
-
-    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        # Setup session (will set necessary cookies)
-        self._request_webpage(
-            'https://njpwworld.com/', None, note='Setting up session')
-
-        webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
-            self._LOGIN_URL, None,
-            note='Logging in', errnote='Unable to login',
-            data=urlencode_postdata({'login_id': username, 'pw': password}),
-            headers={'Referer': 'https://front.njpwworld.com/auth'})
-        # /auth/login will return 302 for successful logins
-        if urlh.url == self._LOGIN_URL:
-            self.report_warning('unable to login')
-            return False
-
-        return True
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
-
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-
-        formats = []
-        for kind, vid in re.findall(r'if\s+\(\s*imageQualityType\s*==\s*\'([^\']+)\'\s*\)\s*{\s*video_id\s*=\s*"(\d+)"', webpage):
-            player_path = '/intent?id=%s&type=url' % vid
-            player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, player_path)
-            formats += self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                player_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id=kind, fatal=False, quality=int(kind == 'high'))
-
-        tag_block = get_element_by_class('tag-block', webpage)
-        tags = re.findall(
-            r'<a[^>]+class="tag-[^"]+"[^>]*>([^<]+)</a>', tag_block
-        ) if tag_block else None
-
-        return {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'title': get_element_by_class('article-title', webpage) or self._og_search_title(webpage),
-            'formats': formats,
-            'tags': tags,
-        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/periscope.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/periscope.py
index 3d1375b64501..d2351df1a277 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/periscope.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/periscope.py
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ def _parse_broadcast_data(self, broadcast, video_id):
             'uploader_id': broadcast.get('user_id') or broadcast.get('username'),
             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
             'view_count': int_or_none(broadcast.get('total_watched')),
+            'concurrent_view_count': int_or_none(broadcast.get('total_watching')),
             'tags': broadcast.get('tags'),
             'live_status': {
                 'running': 'is_live',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/theguardian.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/theguardian.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a231eccf4bc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/theguardian.py
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+import itertools
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
+    extract_attributes,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    get_element_html_by_class,
+    get_elements_html_by_class,
+    parse_qs,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_strdate,
+    urljoin
+)
+
+
+class TheGuardianPodcastIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?theguardian\.com/\w+/audio/\d{4}/\w{3}/\d{1,2}/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2023/nov/03/we-are-just-getting-started-the-plastic-eating-bacteria-that-could-change-the-world-podcast',
+        'md5': 'd1771744681789b4cd7da2a08e487702',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'we-are-just-getting-started-the-plastic-eating-bacteria-that-could-change-the-world-podcast',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': '‘We are just getting started’: the plastic-eating bacteria that could change the world – podcast',
+            'description': 'md5:cfd3df2791d394d2ab62cd571d5207ee',
+            'creator': 'Stephen Buranyi',
+            'thumbnail': 'md5:73c12558fcb3b0e2a59422bfb33b3f79',
+            'release_date': '20231103'
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2023/oct/30/the-trials-of-robert-habeck-is-the-worlds-most-powerful-green-politician-doomed-to-fail-podcast',
+        'md5': 'd1771744681789b4cd7da2a08e487702',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'the-trials-of-robert-habeck-is-the-worlds-most-powerful-green-politician-doomed-to-fail-podcast',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'The trials of Robert Habeck: is the world’s most powerful green politician doomed to fail? – podcast',
+            'description': 'md5:1b5cf6582d1771c6b7077784b5456994',
+            'creator': 'Philip Oltermann',
+            'thumbnail': 'md5:6e5c5ec43843e956e20be793722e9080',
+            'release_date': '20231030'
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.theguardian.com/football/audio/2023/nov/06/arsenal-feel-hard-done-by-and-luton-hold-liverpool-football-weekly',
+        'md5': 'a2fcff6f8e060a95b1483295273dc35e',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'arsenal-feel-hard-done-by-and-luton-hold-liverpool-football-weekly',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Arsenal feel hard done by and Luton hold Liverpool – Football Weekly',
+            'description': 'md5:286a9fbddaeb7c83cc65d1c4a5330b2a',
+            'creator': 'Max Rushden',
+            'thumbnail': 'md5:93eb7d6440f1bb94eb3a6cad63f48afd',
+            'release_date': '20231106'
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.theguardian.com/politics/audio/2023/nov/02/the-covid-inquiry-politics-weekly-uk-podcast',
+        'md5': '06a0f7e9701a80c8064a5d35690481ec',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'the-covid-inquiry-politics-weekly-uk-podcast',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'The Covid inquiry | Politics Weekly UK - podcast',
+            'description': 'md5:207c98859c14903582b17d25b014046e',
+            'creator': 'Gaby Hinsliff',
+            'thumbnail': 'md5:28932a7b5a25b057be330d2ed70ea7f3',
+            'release_date': '20231102'
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': self._og_search_title(webpage) or get_element_by_class('content__headline', webpage),
+            'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
+            'creator': self._html_search_meta('author', webpage),
+            'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
+            'release_date': unified_strdate(self._html_search_meta('article:published_time', webpage)),
+            'url': extract_attributes(get_element_html_by_class(
+                'podcast__player', webpage) or '').get('data-source'),
+        }
+
+
+class TheGuardianPodcastPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?theguardian\.com/\w+/series/(?P<id>[\w-]+)(?:\?page=\d+)?'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.theguardian.com/football/series/theguardianswomensfootballweekly',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'theguardianswomensfootballweekly',
+            'title': "The Guardian's Women's Football Weekly",
+            'description': 'md5:e2cc021311e582d29935a73614a43f51'
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 69
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.theguardian.com/news/series/todayinfocus?page=2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'todayinfocus',
+            'title': 'Today in Focus',
+            'description': 'md5:0f097764fc0d359e0b6eb537be0387e2'
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 1261
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.theguardian.com/news/series/the-audio-long-read',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'the-audio-long-read',
+            'title': 'The Audio Long Read',
+            'description': 'md5:5462994a27527309562b25b6defc4ef3'
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 996
+    }]
+
+    def _entries(self, url, playlist_id):
+        for page in itertools.count(1):
+            webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
+                url, playlist_id, f'Downloading page {page}', query={'page': page})
+            if 'page' not in parse_qs(urlh.url):
+                break
+
+            episodes = get_elements_html_by_class('fc-item--type-media', webpage)
+            for url_path in traverse_obj(episodes, (..., {extract_attributes}, 'data-id')):
+                yield url_path
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        podcast_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, podcast_id)
+
+        title = clean_html(get_element_by_class(
+            'index-page-header__title', webpage) or get_element_by_class('flagship-audio__title', webpage))
+        description = self._og_search_description(webpage) or self._html_search_meta(
+            'description', webpage)
+
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(
+            self._entries(url, podcast_id), podcast_id, title, description=description,
+            ie=TheGuardianPodcastIE, getter=lambda x: urljoin('https://www.theguardian.com', x))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv5mondeplus.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv5mondeplus.py
index 4da1b26d1a46..a445fae853f6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv5mondeplus.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv5mondeplus.py
@@ -84,6 +84,13 @@ class TV5MondePlusIE(InfoExtractor):
     }]
     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_subtitles(data_captions):
+        subtitles = {}
+        for f in traverse_obj(data_captions, ('files', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['file']))):
+            subtitles.setdefault(f.get('label') or 'fra', []).append({'url': f['file']})
+        return subtitles
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
@@ -176,6 +183,8 @@ def process_video_files(v):
             'duration': duration,
             'upload_date': upload_date,
             'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': self._extract_subtitles(self._parse_json(
+                traverse_obj(vpl_data, ('data-captions', {str}), default='{}'), display_id, fatal=False)),
             'series': series,
             'episode': episode,
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitcasting.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitcasting.py
index 32a38c86efb8..3c303bdbbd59 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitcasting.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitcasting.py
@@ -247,25 +247,26 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'Downloading live video of user {0}. '
             'Pass "https://twitcasting.tv/{0}/show" to download the history'.format(uploader_id))
 
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, uploader_id)
+        is_live = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
+            f'https://frontendapi.twitcasting.tv/watch/user/{uploader_id}',
+            uploader_id, 'Checking live status', data=b'', fatal=False), ('is_live', {bool}))
+        if is_live is False:  # only raise here if API response was as expected
+            raise UserNotLive(video_id=uploader_id)
+
+        # Use /show/ page so that password-protected and members-only livestreams can be found
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(
+            f'https://twitcasting.tv/{uploader_id}/show/', uploader_id, 'Downloading live history')
+        is_live = is_live or self._search_regex(
+            r'(?s)(<span\s*class="tw-movie-thumbnail2-badge"\s*data-status="live">\s*LIVE)',
+            webpage, 'is live?', default=False)
+        # Current live is always the first match
         current_live = self._search_regex(
-            (r'data-type="movie" data-id="(\d+)">',
-             r'tw-sound-flag-open-link" data-id="(\d+)" style=',),
-            webpage, 'current live ID', default=None)
-        if not current_live:
-            # fetch unfiltered /show to find running livestreams; we can't get ID of the password-protected livestream above
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(
-                f'https://twitcasting.tv/{uploader_id}/show/', uploader_id,
-                note='Downloading live history')
-            is_live = self._search_regex(r'(?s)(<span\s*class="tw-movie-thumbnail-badge"\s*data-status="live">\s*LIVE)', webpage, 'is live?', default=None)
-            if is_live:
-                # get the first live; running live is always at the first
-                current_live = self._search_regex(
-                    r'(?s)<a\s+class="tw-movie-thumbnail"\s*href="/[^/]+/movie/(?P<video_id>\d+)"\s*>.+?</a>',
-                    webpage, 'current live ID 2', default=None, group='video_id')
-        if not current_live:
+            r'(?s)<a\s+class="tw-movie-thumbnail2"\s+href="/[^/"]+/movie/(?P<video_id>\d+)"',
+            webpage, 'current live ID', default=None, group='video_id')
+        if not is_live or not current_live:
             raise UserNotLive(video_id=uploader_id)
-        return self.url_result('https://twitcasting.tv/%s/movie/%s' % (uploader_id, current_live))
+
+        return self.url_result(f'https://twitcasting.tv/{uploader_id}/movie/{current_live}', TwitCastingIE)
 
 
 class TwitCastingUserIE(InfoExtractor):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/unsupported.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/unsupported.py
index d610baecb5cb..a3f9911e24ce 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/unsupported.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/unsupported.py
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ class KnownDRMIE(UnsupportedInfoExtractor):
         r'joyn\.de',
         r'amazon\.(?:\w{2}\.)?\w+/gp/video',
         r'music\.amazon\.(?:\w{2}\.)?\w+',
+        r'(?:watch|front)\.njpwworld\.com',
     )
 
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -141,6 +142,13 @@ class KnownDRMIE(UnsupportedInfoExtractor):
         # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5767
         'url': 'https://www.hulu.com/movie/anthem-6b25fac9-da2b-45a3-8e09-e4156b0471cc',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/8570
+        'url': 'https://watch.njpwworld.com/player/36447/series?assetType=series',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://front.njpwworld.com/p/s_series_00563_16_bs',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vidly.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vidly.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..49a19604102b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vidly.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    mimetype2ext,
+    url_or_none,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
+
+
+class VidlyIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:vid\.ly/|(?:s\.)?vid\.ly/embeded\.html\?(?:[^#]+&)?link=)(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<script[^>]+\bsrc=[\'"](?P<url>(?:https?:)?//vid\.ly/\w+/embed[^\'"]+)',
+                    r'<iframe[^>]+\bsrc=[\'"](?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:s\.)?vid\.ly/embeded\.html\?(?:[^#\'"]+&)?link=\w+[^\'"]+)']
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # JWPlayer 7, Embeds forbidden
+        'url': 'https://vid.ly/2i3o9j/embed',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2i3o9j',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '2i3o9j',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # JWPlayer 6
+        'url': 'http://s.vid.ly/embeded.html?link=jw_test&new=1&autoplay=true&controls=true',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'jw_test',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '2x8m8t',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # Vidlyplayer
+        'url': 'https://vid.ly/7x0e6l',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7x0e6l',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '7x0e6l',
+        },
+    }]
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.petfinder.com/dog/gus-57378930/tn/ooltewah/furever-furkids-rescue-tn592/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'w8p5b0',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'w8p5b0',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        embed_script = self._download_webpage(
+            f'https://vid.ly/{video_id}/embed', video_id, headers={'Referer': 'https://vid.ly/'})
+        player = self._search_json(r'initCallback\(', embed_script, 'player', video_id)
+
+        player_type = player.get('player') or ''
+        if player_type.startswith('jwplayer'):
+            return self._parse_jwplayer_data(player['config'], video_id)
+        elif not player_type.startswith('vidly'):
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Unknown player type {player_type!r}')
+
+        formats = []
+        ext = mimetype2ext(traverse_obj(player, ('config', 'type')))
+        for source, fid in [('source', 'sd'), ('source_hd', 'hd')]:
+            if traverse_obj(player, ('config', source, {url_or_none})):
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': player['config'][source],
+                    'format_id': f'http-{fid}',
+                    'ext': ext,
+                })
+        # Has higher quality formats
+        formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+            f'https://d3fenhwk93s16g.cloudfront.net/{video_id}/hls.m3u8', video_id,
+            fatal=False, note='Requesting higher quality m3u8 formats',
+            errnote='No higher quality m3u8 formats found') or [])
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vocaroo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vocaroo.py
index d98fbfd2d9de..e30c9597f7ce 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vocaroo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vocaroo.py
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'title': '',
             'url': url,
             'ext': 'mp3',
-            'timestamp': float_or_none(resp.getheader('x-bz-upload-timestamp'), scale=1000),
+            'timestamp': float_or_none(resp.headers.get('x-bz-upload-timestamp'), scale=1000),
             'vcodec': 'none',
             'http_headers': http_headers,
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vvvvid.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vvvvid.py
index ed725a55d51f..b42ba8537065 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vvvvid.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vvvvid.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import functools
 import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
@@ -14,21 +15,21 @@ class VVVVIDIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'%s(?P<show_id>\d+)/[^/]+/(?P<season_id>\d+)/(?P<id>[0-9]+)' % _VALID_URL_BASE
     _TESTS = [{
         # video_type == 'video/vvvvid'
-        'url': 'https://www.vvvvid.it/#!show/434/perche-dovrei-guardarlo-di-dario-moccia/437/489048/ping-pong',
-        'md5': 'b8d3cecc2e981adc3835adf07f6df91b',
+        'url': 'https://www.vvvvid.it/show/498/the-power-of-computing/518/505692/playstation-vr-cambiera-il-nostro-modo-di-giocare',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '489048',
+            'id': '505692',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Ping Pong',
-            'duration': 239,
-            'series': '"Perché dovrei guardarlo?" di Dario Moccia',
-            'season_id': '437',
-            'episode': 'Ping Pong',
-            'episode_number': 1,
-            'episode_id': '3334',
+            'title': 'Playstation VR cambierà il nostro modo di giocare',
+            'duration': 93,
+            'series': 'The Power of Computing',
+            'season_id': '518',
+            'episode': 'Playstation VR cambierà il nostro modo di giocare',
+            'episode_number': None,
+            'episode_id': '4747',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
             'repost_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://static.vvvvid.it/img/zoomin/28CA2409-E663-34F0-2B02E72356556EA3_500k.jpg',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -36,7 +37,6 @@ class VVVVIDIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         # video_type == 'video/rcs'
         'url': 'https://www.vvvvid.it/#!show/376/death-note-live-action/377/482493/episodio-01',
-        'md5': '33e0edfba720ad73a8782157fdebc648',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '482493',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ class VVVVIDIE(InfoExtractor):
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+        'skip': 'Every video/rcs is not working even in real website',
     }, {
         # video_type == 'video/youtube'
         'url': 'https://www.vvvvid.it/show/404/one-punch-man/406/486683/trailer',
@@ -55,19 +56,54 @@ class VVVVIDIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': 'Trailer',
             'upload_date': '20150906',
             'description': 'md5:a5e802558d35247fee285875328c0b80',
-            'uploader_id': 'BandaiVisual',
-            'uploader': 'BANDAI NAMCO Arts Channel',
+            'uploader_id': '@EMOTIONLabelChannel',
+            'uploader': 'EMOTION Label Channel',
+            'episode_number': None,
+            'episode_id': '3115',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'availability': str,
+            'categories': list,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel': 'EMOTION Label Channel',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'channel_id': 'UCQ5URCSs1f5Cz9rh-cDGxNQ',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQ5URCSs1f5Cz9rh-cDGxNQ',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'duration': 133,
+            'episode': 'Trailer',
+            'heatmap': list,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'season_id': '406',
+            'series': 'One-Punch Man',
+            'tags': list,
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@EMOTIONLabelChannel',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/RzmFKUDOUgw/maxresdefault.jpg',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
     }, {
         # video_type == 'video/dash'
-        'url': 'https://www.vvvvid.it/show/683/made-in-abyss/1542/693786/nanachi',
+        'url': 'https://www.vvvvid.it/show/844/le-bizzarre-avventure-di-jojo-vento-aureo/938/527551/golden-wind',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '693786',
+            'id': '527551',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Nanachi',
+            'title': 'Golden Wind',
+            'duration': 1430,
+            'series': 'Le bizzarre avventure di Jojo - Vento Aureo',
+            'season_id': '938',
+            'episode': 'Golden Wind',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'episode_id': '9089',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://static.vvvvid.it/img/thumbs/Dynit/Jojo/Jojo_S05Ep01-t.jpg',
+            'season': 'Season 5',
+            'season_number': 5,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -79,10 +115,17 @@ class VVVVIDIE(InfoExtractor):
     }]
     _conn_id = None
 
+    @functools.cached_property
+    def _headers(self):
+        return {
+            **self.geo_verification_headers(),
+            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/95.0.4638.50 Safari/537.37',
+        }
+
     def _real_initialize(self):
         self._conn_id = self._download_json(
             'https://www.vvvvid.it/user/login',
-            None, headers=self.geo_verification_headers())['data']['conn_id']
+            None, headers=self._headers)['data']['conn_id']
 
     def _download_info(self, show_id, path, video_id, fatal=True, query=None):
         q = {
@@ -92,7 +135,7 @@ def _download_info(self, show_id, path, video_id, fatal=True, query=None):
             q.update(query)
         response = self._download_json(
             'https://www.vvvvid.it/vvvvid/ondemand/%s/%s' % (show_id, path),
-            video_id, headers=self.geo_verification_headers(), query=q, fatal=fatal)
+            video_id, headers=self._headers, query=q, fatal=fatal)
         if not (response or fatal):
             return
         if response.get('result') == 'error':
@@ -219,7 +262,7 @@ def metadata_from_url(r_url):
                     embed_code, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
             else:
                 formats.extend(self._extract_wowza_formats(
-                    'http://sb.top-ix.org/videomg/_definst_/mp4:%s/playlist.m3u8' % embed_code, video_id))
+                    'http://sb.top-ix.org/videomg/_definst_/mp4:%s/playlist.m3u8' % embed_code, video_id, skip_protocols=['f4m']))
             metadata_from_url(embed_code)
 
         if not is_youtube:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexvideo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexvideo.py
index 727250ee87fa..4382a5684a22 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexvideo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexvideo.py
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ class ZenYandexIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '60c7c443da18892ebfe85ed7',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'ВОТ ЭТО Focus. Деды Морозы на гидроциклах',
-            'description': 'md5:f3db3d995763b9bbb7b56d4ccdedea89',
+            'description': 'md5:8684912f6086f298f8078d4af0e8a600',
             'thumbnail': 're:^https://avatars.dzeninfra.ru/',
             'uploader': 'AcademeG DailyStream'
         },
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ class ZenYandexIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '60c7c443da18892ebfe85ed7',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'ВОТ ЭТО Focus. Деды Морозы на гидроциклах',
-            'description': 'md5:f3db3d995763b9bbb7b56d4ccdedea89',
+            'description': 'md5:8684912f6086f298f8078d4af0e8a600',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https://avatars\.dzeninfra\.ru/',
             'uploader': 'AcademeG DailyStream',
             'upload_date': '20191111',
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             video_id = self._match_id(redirect)
             webpage = self._download_webpage(redirect, video_id, note='Redirecting')
         data_json = self._search_json(
-            r'data\s*=', webpage, 'metadata', video_id, contains_pattern=r'{["\']_*serverState_*video.+}')
+            r'("data"\s*:|data\s*=)', webpage, 'metadata', video_id, contains_pattern=r'{["\']_*serverState_*video.+}')
         serverstate = self._search_regex(r'(_+serverState_+video-site_[^_]+_+)',
                                          webpage, 'server state').replace('State', 'Settings')
         uploader = self._search_regex(r'(<a\s*class=["\']card-channel-link[^"\']+["\'][^>]+>)',
@@ -266,22 +266,25 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
         uploader_name = extract_attributes(uploader).get('aria-label')
         video_json = try_get(data_json, lambda x: x[serverstate]['exportData']['video'], dict)
         stream_urls = try_get(video_json, lambda x: x['video']['streams'])
-        formats = []
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
         for s_url in stream_urls:
             ext = determine_ext(s_url)
             if ext == 'mpd':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(s_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash'))
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(s_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash')
             elif ext == 'm3u8':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(s_url, video_id, 'mp4'))
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(s_url, video_id, 'mp4')
+            formats.extend(fmts)
+            subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_json.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage),
             'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
             'duration': int_or_none(video_json.get('duration')),
             'view_count': int_or_none(video_json.get('views')),
             'timestamp': int_or_none(video_json.get('publicationDate')),
             'uploader': uploader_name or data_json.get('authorName') or try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['publisher']['name']),
-            'description': self._og_search_description(webpage) or try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['og']['description']),
+            'description': video_json.get('description') or self._og_search_description(webpage),
             'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage) or try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['og']['imageUrl']),
         }
 
@@ -296,6 +299,7 @@ class ZenYandexChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'md5:a9e5b3c247b7fe29fd21371a428bcf56',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 169,
+        'skip': 'The page does not exist',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://dzen.ru/tok_media',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -304,6 +308,7 @@ class ZenYandexChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'md5:a9e5b3c247b7fe29fd21371a428bcf56',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 169,
+        'skip': 'The page does not exist',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/id/606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -318,21 +323,21 @@ class ZenYandexChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/jony_me',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'jony_me',
-            'description': 'md5:a2c62b4ef5cf3e3efb13d25f61f739e1',
+            'description': 'md5:ce0a5cad2752ab58701b5497835b2cc5',
             'title': 'JONY ',
         },
-        'playlist_count': 20,
+        'playlist_count': 18,
     }, {
         # Test that the playlist extractor finishes extracting when the
         # channel has more than one page of entries
         'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/tatyanareva',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'tatyanareva',
-            'description': 'md5:296b588d60841c3756c9105f237b70c6',
+            'description': 'md5:40a1e51f174369ec3ba9d657734ac31f',
             'title': 'Татьяна Рева',
             'entries': 'maxcount:200',
         },
-        'playlist_count': 46,
+        'playlist_mincount': 46,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://dzen.ru/id/606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -375,7 +380,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             item_id = self._match_id(redirect)
             webpage = self._download_webpage(redirect, item_id, note='Redirecting')
         data = self._search_json(
-            r'var\s+data\s*=', webpage, 'channel data', item_id, contains_pattern=r'{\"__serverState__.+}')
+            r'("data"\s*:|data\s*=)', webpage, 'channel data', item_id, contains_pattern=r'{\"__serverState__.+}')
         server_state_json = traverse_obj(data, lambda k, _: k.startswith('__serverState__'), get_all=False)
         server_settings_json = traverse_obj(data, lambda k, _: k.startswith('__serverSettings__'), get_all=False)
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zingmp3.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zingmp3.py
index 007658c6595c..f664d88d88de 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zingmp3.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zingmp3.py
@@ -5,7 +5,15 @@
 import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import int_or_none, traverse_obj, try_call, urljoin
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    int_or_none,
+    join_nonempty,
+    try_call,
+    urljoin,
+    url_or_none
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 
 
 class ZingMp3BaseIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -20,9 +28,17 @@ class ZingMp3BaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         'video-clip': '/api/v2/page/get/video',
         'lyric': '/api/v2/lyric/get/lyric',
         'song-streaming': '/api/v2/song/get/streaming',
+        'liveradio': '/api/v2/livestream/get/info',
+        'eps': '/api/v2/page/get/podcast-episode',
+        'episode-streaming': '/api/v2/podcast/episode/get/streaming',
         # Playlist
         'playlist': '/api/v2/page/get/playlist',
         'album': '/api/v2/page/get/playlist',
+        'pgr': '/api/v2/page/get/podcast-program',
+        'pgr-list': '/api/v2/podcast/episode/get/list',
+        'cgr': '/api/v2/page/get/podcast-category',
+        'cgr-list': '/api/v2/podcast/program/get/list-by-cate',
+        'cgrs': '/api/v2/page/get/podcast-categories',
         # Chart
         'zing-chart': '/api/v2/page/get/chart-home',
         'zing-chart-tuan': '/api/v2/page/get/week-chart',
@@ -33,6 +49,10 @@ class ZingMp3BaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         'user-list-song': '/api/v2/song/get/list',
         'user-list-video': '/api/v2/video/get/list',
         'hub': '/api/v2/page/get/hub-detail',
+        'new-release': '/api/v2/chart/get/new-release',
+        'top100': '/api/v2/page/get/top-100',
+        'podcast-new': '/api/v2/podcast/program/get/list-by-type',
+        'top-podcast': '/api/v2/podcast/program/get/top-episode',
     }
 
     def _api_url(self, url_type, params):
@@ -78,7 +98,7 @@ def _paged_list(self, _id, url_type):
 
 
 class ZingMp3IE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = ZingMp3BaseIE._VALID_URL_TMPL % 'bai-hat|video-clip|embed'
+    _VALID_URL = ZingMp3BaseIE._VALID_URL_TMPL % 'bai-hat|video-clip|embed|eps'
     IE_NAME = 'zingmp3'
     IE_DESC = 'zingmp3.vn'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -102,7 +122,7 @@ class ZingMp3IE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/video-clip/Suong-Hoa-Dua-Loi-K-ICM-RYO/ZO8ZF7C7.html',
-        'md5': '3c2081e79471a2f4a3edd90b70b185ea',
+        'md5': '92c6e7a019f06b4682a6c35ae5785fab',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'ZO8ZF7C7',
             'title': 'Sương Hoa Đưa Lối',
@@ -128,6 +148,20 @@ class ZingMp3IE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
             'album': 'Người Yêu Tôi Lạnh Lùng Sắt Đá (Single)',
             'album_artist': 'Mr. Siro',
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/eps/Cham-x-Ban-Noi-Goi-La-Nha/ZZD9ACWI.html',
+        'md5': 'd52f9f63e2631e004e4f15188eedcf80',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'ZZD9ACWI',
+            'title': 'Chạm x Bạn - Nơi Gọi Là Nhà',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'duration': 3716,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
+            'track': 'Chạm x Bạn - Nơi Gọi Là Nhà',
+            'artist': 'On Air',
+            'album': 'Top Podcast',
+            'album_artist': 'On Air',
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/embed/song/ZWZEI76B?start=false',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -147,6 +181,8 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 'http://api.mp3.zing.vn/api/mobile/video/getvideoinfo', item_id,
                 query={'requestdata': json.dumps({'id': item_id})},
                 note='Downloading mp4 JSON metadata').get('source')
+        elif url_type == 'eps':
+            source = self._call_api('episode-streaming', {'id': item_id})
         else:
             source = self._call_api('song-streaming', {'id': item_id})
 
@@ -189,9 +225,10 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'thumbnail': traverse_obj(item, 'thumbnail', 'thumbnailM'),
             'duration': int_or_none(item.get('duration')),
             'track': traverse_obj(item, 'title', 'alias'),
-            'artist': traverse_obj(item, 'artistsNames', 'artists_names'),
-            'album': traverse_obj(item, ('album', ('name', 'title')), get_all=False),
-            'album_artist': traverse_obj(item, ('album', ('artistsNames', 'artists_names')), get_all=False),
+            'artist': traverse_obj(item, 'artistsNames', 'artists_names', ('artists', 0, 'name')),
+            'album': traverse_obj(item, ('album', ('name', 'title')), ('genres', 0, 'name'), get_all=False),
+            'album_artist': traverse_obj(item, ('album', ('artistsNames', 'artists_names')),
+                                         ('artists', 0, 'name'), get_all=False),
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': {'origin': [{'url': lyric}]} if lyric else None,
         }
@@ -200,12 +237,12 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 class ZingMp3AlbumIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = ZingMp3BaseIE._VALID_URL_TMPL % 'album|playlist'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://mp3.zing.vn/album/Lau-Dai-Tinh-Ai-Bang-Kieu-Minh-Tuyet/ZWZBWDAF.html',
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/album/Ca-Phe-Quan-Quen-Hoang-Dung-My-Anh-Da-LAB-Thinh-Suy/ZOC7WUZC.html',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'ZWZBWDAF',
-            'title': 'Lâu Đài Tình Ái',
+            'id': 'ZOC7WUZC',
+            'title': 'Cà Phê Quán Quen',
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 9,
+        'playlist_mincount': 10,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/album/Nhung-Bai-Hat-Hay-Nhat-Cua-Mr-Siro-Mr-Siro/ZWZAEZZD.html',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -231,7 +268,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
 
 class ZingMp3ChartHomeIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:mp3\.zing|zingmp3)\.vn/(?P<id>(?:zing-chart|moi-phat-hanh))/?(?:[#?]|$)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:mp3\.zing|zingmp3)\.vn/(?P<id>(?:zing-chart|moi-phat-hanh|top100|podcast-discover))/?(?:[#?]|$)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/zing-chart',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -244,13 +281,34 @@ class ZingMp3ChartHomeIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
             'id': 'moi-phat-hanh',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 100,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/top100',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'top100',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 50,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/podcast-discover',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'podcast-discover',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 4,
     }]
     IE_NAME = 'zingmp3:chart-home'
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url_type = self._match_id(url)
-        data = self._call_api(url_type, {'id': url_type})
-        items = traverse_obj(data, ('RTChart', 'items') if url_type == 'zing-chart' else 'items')
+        params = {'id': url_type}
+        if url_type == 'podcast-discover':
+            params['type'] = 'discover'
+        data = self._call_api(url_type, params)
+        items = []
+        if url_type == 'top100':
+            items.extend(traverse_obj(data, (..., 'items', ..., {dict})))
+        elif url_type == 'zing-chart':
+            items.extend(traverse_obj(data, ('RTChart', 'items', ..., {dict})))
+        else:
+            items.extend(traverse_obj(data, ('items', ..., {dict})))
         return self.playlist_result(self._parse_items(items), url_type)
 
 
@@ -334,7 +392,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
 
 class ZingMp3UserIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:mp3\.zing|zingmp3)\.vn/(?P<user>[^/]+)/(?P<type>bai-hat|single|album|video)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:mp3\.zing|zingmp3)\.vn/(?P<user>[^/]+)/(?P<type>bai-hat|single|album|video|song)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
     IE_NAME = 'zingmp3:user'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/Mr-Siro/bai-hat',
@@ -368,6 +426,18 @@ class ZingMp3UserIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
             'description': 'md5:5bdcf45e955dc1b8d7f518f322ffef36',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 15,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/new-release/song',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'new-release-song',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 50,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/new-release/album',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'new-release-album',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 20,
     }]
 
     def _fetch_page(self, user_id, url_type, page):
@@ -380,20 +450,28 @@ def _fetch_page(self, user_id, url_type, page):
         })
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        user_alias, url_type = self._match_valid_url(url).group('user', 'type')
+        alias, url_type = self._match_valid_url(url).group('user', 'type')
         if not url_type:
             url_type = 'bai-hat'
 
-        user_info = self._call_api('info-artist', {}, user_alias, query={'alias': user_alias})
-        if url_type in ('bai-hat', 'video'):
-            entries = self._paged_list(user_info['id'], url_type)
+        user_info = self._call_api('info-artist', {}, alias, query={'alias': alias})
+
+        # Handle for new-release
+        if alias == 'new-release' and url_type in ('song', 'album'):
+            _id = f'{alias}-{url_type}'
+            return self.playlist_result(self._parse_items(
+                self._call_api('new-release', params={'type': url_type}, display_id=_id)), _id)
         else:
-            entries = self._parse_items(traverse_obj(user_info, (
-                'sections',
-                lambda _, v: v['sectionId'] == 'aAlbum' if url_type == 'album' else v['sectionId'] == 'aSingle',
-                'items', ...)))
-        return self.playlist_result(
-            entries, user_info['id'], f'{user_info.get("name")} - {url_type}', user_info.get('biography'))
+            # Handle for user/artist
+            if url_type in ('bai-hat', 'video'):
+                entries = self._paged_list(user_info['id'], url_type)
+            else:
+                section_id = 'aAlbum' if url_type == 'album' else 'aSingle'
+                entries = self._parse_items(traverse_obj(user_info, (
+                    'sections', lambda _, v: v['sectionId'] == section_id, 'items', ...)))
+            return self.playlist_result(
+                entries, user_info['id'], join_nonempty(user_info.get('name'), url_type, delim=' - '),
+                user_info.get('biography'))
 
 
 class ZingMp3HubIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
@@ -403,7 +481,7 @@ class ZingMp3HubIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
         'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/hub/Nhac-Moi/IWZ9Z0CA.html',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'IWZ9Z0CA',
-            'title': 'Nhạc Mới',
+            'title': 'BXH Nhạc Mới',
             'description': 'md5:1cc31b68a6f746427b07b2756c22a558',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 20,
@@ -424,3 +502,129 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'sections', lambda _, v: v['sectionId'] == 'hub', 'items', ...)))
         return self.playlist_result(
             entries, song_id, hub_detail.get('title'), hub_detail.get('description'))
+
+
+class ZingMp3LiveRadioIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'zingmp3:liveradio'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:mp3\.zing|zingmp3)\.vn/(?P<type>(?:liveradio))/(?P<id>\w+)(?:\.html|\?)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/liveradio/IWZ979UB.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'IWZ979UB',
+            'title': r're:^V\-POP',
+            'description': 'md5:aa857f8a91dc9ce69e862a809e4bdc10',
+            'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/liveradio/IWZ97CWB.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'IWZ97CWB',
+            'title': r're:^Live\s247',
+            'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
+            'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        url_type, live_radio_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('type', 'id')
+        info = self._call_api(url_type, {'id': live_radio_id})
+        manifest_url = info.get('streaming')
+        if not manifest_url:
+            raise ExtractorError('This radio is offline.', expected=True)
+        fmts, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(manifest_url, live_radio_id, fatal=False)
+        return {
+            'id': live_radio_id,
+            'is_live': True,
+            'formats': fmts,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            **traverse_obj(info, {
+                'title': 'title',
+                'thumbnail': (('thumbnail', 'thumbnailM', 'thumbnailV', 'thumbnailH'), {url_or_none}),
+                'view_count': ('activeUsers', {int_or_none}),
+                'like_count': ('totalReaction', {int_or_none}),
+                'description': 'description',
+            }, get_all=False),
+        }
+
+
+class ZingMp3PodcastEpisodeIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'zingmp3:podcast-episode'
+    _VALID_URL = ZingMp3BaseIE._VALID_URL_TMPL % 'pgr|cgr'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/pgr/Nhac-Moi-Moi-Ngay/68Z9W66B.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '68Z9W66B',
+            'title': 'Nhạc Mới Mỗi Ngày',
+            'description': 'md5:2875dfa951f8e5356742f1610cf20691'
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 20,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/cgr/Am-nhac/IWZ980AO.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'IWZ980AO',
+            'title': 'Âm nhạc'
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 2,
+    }]
+
+    def _fetch_page(self, eps_id, url_type, page):
+        return self._call_api(url_type, {
+            'id': eps_id,
+            'page': page,
+            'count': self._PER_PAGE
+        })
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        podcast_id, url_type = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'type')
+        podcast_info = self._call_api(url_type, {'id': podcast_id})
+        entries = self._paged_list(podcast_id, 'pgr-list' if url_type == 'pgr' else 'cgr-list')
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            entries, podcast_id, podcast_info.get('title'), podcast_info.get('description'))
+
+
+class ZingMp3PodcastIE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'zingmp3:podcast'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:mp3\.zing|zingmp3)\.vn/(?P<id>(?:cgr|top-podcast|podcast-new))/?(?:[#?]|$)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/cgr',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'cgr',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 5,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/top-podcast',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'top-podcast',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 7,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://zingmp3.vn/podcast-new',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'podcast-new',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 4,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        url_type = self._match_id(url)
+        params = {'id': url_type}
+        if url_type == 'podcast-new':
+            params['type'] = 'new'
+        items = self._call_api('cgrs' if url_type == 'cgr' else url_type, params)['items']
+        return self.playlist_result(self._parse_items(items), url_type)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/networking/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/networking/__init__.py
index aa8d0eabe4c7..96c5a0678f85 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/networking/__init__.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/networking/__init__.py
@@ -21,3 +21,11 @@
     pass
 except Exception as e:
     warnings.warn(f'Failed to import "requests" request handler: {e}' + bug_reports_message())
+
+try:
+    from . import _websockets
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+except Exception as e:
+    warnings.warn(f'Failed to import "websockets" request handler: {e}' + bug_reports_message())
+
diff --git a/yt_dlp/networking/_websockets.py b/yt_dlp/networking/_websockets.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ad85554e459a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/networking/_websockets.py
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import logging
+import ssl
+import sys
+
+from ._helper import create_connection, select_proxy, make_socks_proxy_opts, create_socks_proxy_socket
+from .common import Response, register_rh, Features
+from .exceptions import (
+    CertificateVerifyError,
+    HTTPError,
+    RequestError,
+    SSLError,
+    TransportError, ProxyError,
+)
+from .websocket import WebSocketRequestHandler, WebSocketResponse
+from ..compat import functools
+from ..dependencies import websockets
+from ..utils import int_or_none
+from ..socks import ProxyError as SocksProxyError
+
+if not websockets:
+    raise ImportError('websockets is not installed')
+
+import websockets.version
+
+websockets_version = tuple(map(int_or_none, websockets.version.version.split('.')))
+if websockets_version < (12, 0):
+    raise ImportError('Only websockets>=12.0 is supported')
+
+import websockets.sync.client
+from websockets.uri import parse_uri
+
+
+class WebsocketsResponseAdapter(WebSocketResponse):
+
+    def __init__(self, wsw: websockets.sync.client.ClientConnection, url):
+        super().__init__(
+            fp=io.BytesIO(wsw.response.body or b''),
+            url=url,
+            headers=wsw.response.headers,
+            status=wsw.response.status_code,
+            reason=wsw.response.reason_phrase,
+        )
+        self.wsw = wsw
+
+    def close(self):
+        self.wsw.close()
+        super().close()
+
+    def send(self, message):
+        # https://websockets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/sync/client.html#websockets.sync.client.ClientConnection.send
+        try:
+            return self.wsw.send(message)
+        except (websockets.exceptions.WebSocketException, RuntimeError, TimeoutError) as e:
+            raise TransportError(cause=e) from e
+        except SocksProxyError as e:
+            raise ProxyError(cause=e) from e
+        except TypeError as e:
+            raise RequestError(cause=e) from e
+
+    def recv(self):
+        # https://websockets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/sync/client.html#websockets.sync.client.ClientConnection.recv
+        try:
+            return self.wsw.recv()
+        except SocksProxyError as e:
+            raise ProxyError(cause=e) from e
+        except (websockets.exceptions.WebSocketException, RuntimeError, TimeoutError) as e:
+            raise TransportError(cause=e) from e
+
+
+@register_rh
+class WebsocketsRH(WebSocketRequestHandler):
+    """
+    Websockets request handler
+    https://websockets.readthedocs.io
+    https://github.com/python-websockets/websockets
+    """
+    _SUPPORTED_URL_SCHEMES = ('wss', 'ws')
+    _SUPPORTED_PROXY_SCHEMES = ('socks4', 'socks4a', 'socks5', 'socks5h')
+    _SUPPORTED_FEATURES = (Features.ALL_PROXY, Features.NO_PROXY)
+    RH_NAME = 'websockets'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        for name in ('websockets.client', 'websockets.server'):
+            logger = logging.getLogger(name)
+            handler = logging.StreamHandler(stream=sys.stdout)
+            handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(f'{self.RH_NAME}: %(message)s'))
+            logger.addHandler(handler)
+            if self.verbose:
+                logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+
+    def _check_extensions(self, extensions):
+        super()._check_extensions(extensions)
+        extensions.pop('timeout', None)
+        extensions.pop('cookiejar', None)
+
+    def _send(self, request):
+        timeout = float(request.extensions.get('timeout') or self.timeout)
+        headers = self._merge_headers(request.headers)
+        if 'cookie' not in headers:
+            cookiejar = request.extensions.get('cookiejar') or self.cookiejar
+            cookie_header = cookiejar.get_cookie_header(request.url)
+            if cookie_header:
+                headers['cookie'] = cookie_header
+
+        wsuri = parse_uri(request.url)
+        create_conn_kwargs = {
+            'source_address': (self.source_address, 0) if self.source_address else None,
+            'timeout': timeout
+        }
+        proxy = select_proxy(request.url, request.proxies or self.proxies or {})
+        try:
+            if proxy:
+                socks_proxy_options = make_socks_proxy_opts(proxy)
+                sock = create_connection(
+                    address=(socks_proxy_options['addr'], socks_proxy_options['port']),
+                    _create_socket_func=functools.partial(
+                        create_socks_proxy_socket, (wsuri.host, wsuri.port), socks_proxy_options),
+                    **create_conn_kwargs
+                )
+            else:
+                sock = create_connection(
+                    address=(wsuri.host, wsuri.port),
+                    **create_conn_kwargs
+                )
+            conn = websockets.sync.client.connect(
+                sock=sock,
+                uri=request.url,
+                additional_headers=headers,
+                open_timeout=timeout,
+                user_agent_header=None,
+                ssl_context=self._make_sslcontext() if wsuri.secure else None,
+                close_timeout=0,  # not ideal, but prevents yt-dlp hanging
+            )
+            return WebsocketsResponseAdapter(conn, url=request.url)
+
+        # Exceptions as per https://websockets.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/sync/client.html
+        except SocksProxyError as e:
+            raise ProxyError(cause=e) from e
+        except websockets.exceptions.InvalidURI as e:
+            raise RequestError(cause=e) from e
+        except ssl.SSLCertVerificationError as e:
+            raise CertificateVerifyError(cause=e) from e
+        except ssl.SSLError as e:
+            raise SSLError(cause=e) from e
+        except websockets.exceptions.InvalidStatus as e:
+            raise HTTPError(
+                Response(
+                    fp=io.BytesIO(e.response.body),
+                    url=request.url,
+                    headers=e.response.headers,
+                    status=e.response.status_code,
+                    reason=e.response.reason_phrase),
+            ) from e
+        except (OSError, TimeoutError, websockets.exceptions.WebSocketException) as e:
+            raise TransportError(cause=e) from e
diff --git a/yt_dlp/networking/websocket.py b/yt_dlp/networking/websocket.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..09fcf78ac2d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/networking/websocket.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import abc
+
+from .common import Response, RequestHandler
+
+
+class WebSocketResponse(Response):
+
+    def send(self, message: bytes | str):
+        """
+        Send a message to the server.
+
+        @param message: The message to send. A string (str) is sent as a text frame, bytes is sent as a binary frame.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def recv(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class WebSocketRequestHandler(RequestHandler, abc.ABC):
+    pass
diff --git a/yt_dlp/update.py b/yt_dlp/update.py
index 85c9bb96226f..f99583b081f9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/update.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/update.py
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def _get_binary_name():
 
 
 def _get_system_deprecation():
-    MIN_SUPPORTED, MIN_RECOMMENDED = (3, 7), (3, 8)
+    MIN_SUPPORTED, MIN_RECOMMENDED = (3, 8), (3, 8)
 
     if sys.version_info > MIN_RECOMMENDED:
         return None
@@ -140,16 +140,8 @@ def _get_system_deprecation():
     if sys.version_info < MIN_SUPPORTED:
         msg = f'Python version {major}.{minor} is no longer supported'
     else:
-        msg = f'Support for Python version {major}.{minor} has been deprecated. '
-        # Temporary until `win_x86_exe` uses 3.8, which will deprecate Vista and Server 2008
-        if detect_variant() == 'win_x86_exe':
-            platform_name = platform.platform()
-            if any(platform_name.startswith(f'Windows-{name}') for name in ('Vista', '2008Server')):
-                msg = 'Support for Windows Vista/Server 2008 has been deprecated. '
-            else:
-                return None
-        msg += ('See  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/7803  for details.'
-                '\nYou may stop receiving updates on this version at any time')
+        msg = (f'Support for Python version {major}.{minor} has been deprecated. '
+               '\nYou may stop receiving updates on this version at any time')
 
     major, minor = MIN_RECOMMENDED
     return f'{msg}! Please update to Python {major}.{minor} or above'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/utils/_legacy.py b/yt_dlp/utils/_legacy.py
index dde02092c992..aa9f46d204a4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/utils/_legacy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/utils/_legacy.py
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 """No longer used and new code should not use. Exists only for API compat."""
+import asyncio
+import atexit
 import platform
 import struct
 import sys
@@ -32,6 +34,77 @@
 has_websockets = bool(websockets)
 
 
+class WebSocketsWrapper:
+    """Wraps websockets module to use in non-async scopes"""
+    pool = None
+
+    def __init__(self, url, headers=None, connect=True, **ws_kwargs):
+        self.loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+        # XXX: "loop" is deprecated
+        self.conn = websockets.connect(
+            url, extra_headers=headers, ping_interval=None,
+            close_timeout=float('inf'), loop=self.loop, ping_timeout=float('inf'), **ws_kwargs)
+        if connect:
+            self.__enter__()
+        atexit.register(self.__exit__, None, None, None)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        if not self.pool:
+            self.pool = self.run_with_loop(self.conn.__aenter__(), self.loop)
+        return self
+
+    def send(self, *args):
+        self.run_with_loop(self.pool.send(*args), self.loop)
+
+    def recv(self, *args):
+        return self.run_with_loop(self.pool.recv(*args), self.loop)
+
+    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
+        try:
+            return self.run_with_loop(self.conn.__aexit__(type, value, traceback), self.loop)
+        finally:
+            self.loop.close()
+            self._cancel_all_tasks(self.loop)
+
+    # taken from https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.9/Lib/asyncio/runners.py with modifications
+    # for contributors: If there's any new library using asyncio needs to be run in non-async, move these function out of this class
+    @staticmethod
+    def run_with_loop(main, loop):
+        if not asyncio.iscoroutine(main):
+            raise ValueError(f'a coroutine was expected, got {main!r}')
+
+        try:
+            return loop.run_until_complete(main)
+        finally:
+            loop.run_until_complete(loop.shutdown_asyncgens())
+            if hasattr(loop, 'shutdown_default_executor'):
+                loop.run_until_complete(loop.shutdown_default_executor())
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _cancel_all_tasks(loop):
+        to_cancel = asyncio.all_tasks(loop)
+
+        if not to_cancel:
+            return
+
+        for task in to_cancel:
+            task.cancel()
+
+        # XXX: "loop" is removed in python 3.10+
+        loop.run_until_complete(
+            asyncio.gather(*to_cancel, loop=loop, return_exceptions=True))
+
+        for task in to_cancel:
+            if task.cancelled():
+                continue
+            if task.exception() is not None:
+                loop.call_exception_handler({
+                    'message': 'unhandled exception during asyncio.run() shutdown',
+                    'exception': task.exception(),
+                    'task': task,
+                })
+
+
 def load_plugins(name, suffix, namespace):
     from ..plugins import load_plugins
     ret = load_plugins(name, suffix)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py b/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py
index 10c7c431103b..b0164a8953d2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import asyncio
-import atexit
 import base64
 import binascii
 import calendar
@@ -54,7 +52,7 @@
     compat_os_name,
     compat_shlex_quote,
 )
-from ..dependencies import websockets, xattr
+from ..dependencies import xattr
 
 __name__ = __name__.rsplit('.', 1)[0]  # Pretend to be the parent module
 
@@ -4923,77 +4921,6 @@ def parse_args(self):
         return self.parser.parse_args(self.all_args)
 
 
-class WebSocketsWrapper:
-    """Wraps websockets module to use in non-async scopes"""
-    pool = None
-
-    def __init__(self, url, headers=None, connect=True):
-        self.loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
-        # XXX: "loop" is deprecated
-        self.conn = websockets.connect(
-            url, extra_headers=headers, ping_interval=None,
-            close_timeout=float('inf'), loop=self.loop, ping_timeout=float('inf'))
-        if connect:
-            self.__enter__()
-        atexit.register(self.__exit__, None, None, None)
-
-    def __enter__(self):
-        if not self.pool:
-            self.pool = self.run_with_loop(self.conn.__aenter__(), self.loop)
-        return self
-
-    def send(self, *args):
-        self.run_with_loop(self.pool.send(*args), self.loop)
-
-    def recv(self, *args):
-        return self.run_with_loop(self.pool.recv(*args), self.loop)
-
-    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
-        try:
-            return self.run_with_loop(self.conn.__aexit__(type, value, traceback), self.loop)
-        finally:
-            self.loop.close()
-            self._cancel_all_tasks(self.loop)
-
-    # taken from https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.9/Lib/asyncio/runners.py with modifications
-    # for contributors: If there's any new library using asyncio needs to be run in non-async, move these function out of this class
-    @staticmethod
-    def run_with_loop(main, loop):
-        if not asyncio.iscoroutine(main):
-            raise ValueError(f'a coroutine was expected, got {main!r}')
-
-        try:
-            return loop.run_until_complete(main)
-        finally:
-            loop.run_until_complete(loop.shutdown_asyncgens())
-            if hasattr(loop, 'shutdown_default_executor'):
-                loop.run_until_complete(loop.shutdown_default_executor())
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _cancel_all_tasks(loop):
-        to_cancel = asyncio.all_tasks(loop)
-
-        if not to_cancel:
-            return
-
-        for task in to_cancel:
-            task.cancel()
-
-        # XXX: "loop" is removed in python 3.10+
-        loop.run_until_complete(
-            asyncio.gather(*to_cancel, loop=loop, return_exceptions=True))
-
-        for task in to_cancel:
-            if task.cancelled():
-                continue
-            if task.exception() is not None:
-                loop.call_exception_handler({
-                    'message': 'unhandled exception during asyncio.run() shutdown',
-                    'exception': task.exception(),
-                    'task': task,
-                })
-
-
 def merge_headers(*dicts):
     """Merge dicts of http headers case insensitively, prioritizing the latter ones"""
     return {k.title(): v for k, v in itertools.chain.from_iterable(map(dict.items, dicts))}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/version.py b/yt_dlp/version.py
index 6fd8e5978991..fd923fe45e77 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/version.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/version.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Autogenerated by devscripts/update-version.py
 
-__version__ = '2023.11.14'
+__version__ = '2023.11.16'
 
-RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = 'a9d3f4b20a3533d2a40104c85bc2cc6c2564c800'
+RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = '24f827875c6ba513f12ed09a3aef2bbed223760d'
 
 VARIANT = None
 
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@
 
 ORIGIN = 'yt-dlp/yt-dlp'
 
-_pkg_version = '2023.11.14'
+_pkg_version = '2023.11.16'