diff --git a/etc/turtle.bnf b/etc/turtle.bnf
index 81d5f1e..3faf101 100644
--- a/etc/turtle.bnf
+++ b/etc/turtle.bnf
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ iri                   ::= IRIREF | PrefixedName
 PrefixedName          ::= PNAME_LN | PNAME_NS
 BlankNode             ::= BLANK_NODE_LABEL | ANON
 reifier               ::= '~' (iri | BlankNode)?
-reifiedTriple         ::= '<<' (subject | reifiedTriple) predicate object reifier* '>>'
+reifiedTriple         ::= '<<' (subject | reifiedTriple) predicate object reifier? '>>'
 tripleTerm            ::= '<<(' ttSubject predicate ttObject ')>>'
 ttSubject             ::=	iri | BlankNode
 ttObject              ::=	iri | BlankNode | literal | tripleTerm
diff --git a/lib/rdf/turtle/reader.rb b/lib/rdf/turtle/reader.rb
index b269fcb..a23388a 100644
--- a/lib/rdf/turtle/reader.rb
+++ b/lib/rdf/turtle/reader.rb
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ def read_object(subject = nil, predicate = nil)
     ##
     # Read reifiedTriple
     #
-    #      reifiedTriple ::= '<<' (subject | reifiedTriple) predicate object reifier* '>>'
+    #      reifiedTriple ::= '<<' (subject | reifiedTriple) predicate object reifier? '>>'
     #
     # @return [RDF::Term]
     def read_reifiedTriple
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ def read_ttObject(subject = nil, predicate = nil)
     ##
     # Read an annotation on a triple
     #
-    #      annotation := (reifier | '{|' predicateObjectList '|}')*
+    #      annotation := (reifier | annotationBlock)*
     #
     # The `reifier` becomes the identifier for a subsequent annotation block (if it exists). If there is no reifier, then a blank node is created.
     def read_annotation(subject, predicate, object)
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ def read_annotation(subject, predicate, object)
 
       while %w(~ {|).include? @lexer.first.to_s
         if @lexer.first === '~'
-          prod(:annotation, %(~})) do
+          prod(:annotation, %(~)) do
             @lexer.shift # eat '~'
             # Emit any pending reifiedTriple if there was no annotation block
             add_statement('annotation', RDF::Statement(id, RDF.reifies, tt)) if id
diff --git a/lib/rdf/turtle/writer.rb b/lib/rdf/turtle/writer.rb
index 680899e..ac35916 100644
--- a/lib/rdf/turtle/writer.rb
+++ b/lib/rdf/turtle/writer.rb
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ def format_node(node, **options)
     # @param [Hash{Symbol => Object}] options
     # @return [String]
     def format_tripleTerm(statement, **options)
-      log_debug("rdfstar") {"#{statement.to_ntriples}"}
+      log_debug("tripleTerm") {"#{statement.to_ntriples}"}
       "<<(%s %s %s)>>" % statement.to_a.map { |value| format_term(value, **options) }
     end
 
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ def preprocess_statement(statement, as_subject: true)
         statement.to_a.each {|t| @in_triple_term[t] = true}
       end
 
-      # If it fits, allow this to be rendered as a reification
+      # If it fits, allow this to be rendered as a reifiedTriple
       if statement.object.statement? && statement.predicate == RDF.reifies
         @reification[statement.subject] ||= []
         @reification[statement.subject] << statement.object unless
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ def reset
       @serialized = {}
       @subjects = {}
       @reification = {}
-      @as_reification = {}
+      @as_reifiedTriple = {}
       @in_triple_term = {}
     end
 
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ def collection(node, position)
     def blankNodePropertyList?(resource, position)
       !resource.statement? && resource.node? &&
         !collection?(resource) &&
-        !reification?(resource, position) &&
+        !reifiedTriple?(resource, position) &&
         !in_triple_term?(resource) &&
         (!is_done?(resource) || position == :subject) &&
         ref_count(resource) == (position == :object ? 1 : 0)
@@ -590,33 +590,34 @@ def blankNodePropertyList(resource, position)
       true
     end
 
-    # Is this a reification?
-    def reification?(resource, position)
+    # Is this a reifiedTriple?
+    def reifiedTriple?(resource, position)
       @reification.key?(resource) &&
       (position == :subject ? (prop_count(resource) > 0) : (prop_count(resource) == 0))
     end
 
-    # Render a reification
-    def reification(resource, position)
-      return false unless reification?(resource, position)
+    # Render a reifiedTriple
+    def reifiedTriple(resource, position)
+      return false unless reifiedTriple?(resource, position)
       write_id = resource.iri? || ref_count(resource) > 1
-      @as_reification[resource] = true  # Prevent rdf:reifies from being emitted
+      @as_reifiedTriple[resource] = true  # Prevent rdf:reifies from being emitted
 
-      log_debug("reification") {resource.to_ntriples}
+      log_debug("reifiedTriple") {resource.to_ntriples}
       subject_done(resource)
-      # There may be multiple reifications using this resource
+      # There may be multiple reifiedTriples using this resource
       @reification[resource].each do |tt|
         @output.write(position == :subject ? "\n#{indent} << " : '<< ')
+        reifiedTriple(tt.subject, :object) || p_term(tt.subject, :object)
+        @output.write(' ')
+        predicate(tt.predicate)
+        @output.write(' ')
+        reifiedTriple(tt.object, :object) || p_term(tt.object, :object)
+
         if write_id
           # Only need to output blank node identifiers if they have more than one reference
+          @output.write(' ~')
           p_term(resource, :subject)
-          @output.write(' | ')
         end
-        reification(tt.subject, :object) || p_term(tt.subject, :object)
-        @output.write(' ')
-        predicate(tt.predicate)
-        @output.write(' ')
-        reification(tt.object, :object) || p_term(tt.object, :object)
         @output.write(' >>')
       end
       true
@@ -645,7 +646,7 @@ def path(resource, position)
       end
       raise RDF::WriterError, "Cannot serialize resource '#{resource}'" unless
         collection(resource, position) ||
-        reification(resource, position) ||
+        reifiedTriple(resource, position) ||
         blankNodePropertyList(resource, position) ||
         p_term(resource, position)
     end
@@ -677,7 +678,7 @@ def objectList(subject, predicate, objects)
         reifs = @reification.select {|k, v| v.include?(tt)}.keys
         if reifs.length == 1
           reif = reifs.first
-          @as_reification[reif] = true
+          @as_reifiedTriple[reif] = true
           @output.write ' {| '
           predicateObjectList(reif, true)
           @output.write ' |}'
@@ -693,7 +694,7 @@ def predicateObjectList(subject, from_bpl = false)
 
       prop_list = sort_properties(properties)
       prop_list -= [RDF.first, RDF.rest] if @lists.key?(subject)
-      prop_list -= [RDF.reifies] if @as_reification.key?(subject)
+      prop_list -= [RDF.reifies] if @as_reifiedTriple.key?(subject)
       log_debug("predicateObjectList") {prop_list.inspect}
       return 0 if prop_list.empty?
 
diff --git a/spec/writer_spec.rb b/spec/writer_spec.rb
index 2365a20..b823fa7 100644
--- a/spec/writer_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/writer_spec.rb
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@
         regexp: [
           %r(ex:s ex:p <<\(\s*ex:s1 ex:p1 <<\(\s*ex:s2 ex:p2 ex:o2*\s*\)>>\s*\)>>)
         ]
-      },
+      }
     }.each do |name, params|
       it name do
         graph = RDF::Graph.new {|g| g << params[:input]}
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@
       end
     end
 
-    context "reifications" do
+    context "reifiedTriples" do
       {
         "subject-iii":  {
           input: %(
@@ -765,6 +765,28 @@
             %r(<<\s*<<\s*ex:s2 ex:p2 ex:o2\s*>> ex:p1 ex:o1\s*>> ex:p ex:o .)
           ]
         },
+        "explicit reifier as subject": {
+          input: %(
+            PREFIX : <http://example/>
+            PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
+            :r rdf:reifies <<( :s :p :o )>> .
+            :r :p1 :o1 .
+          ),
+          regexp: [
+            %r(<<\s*ex:s ex:p ex:o\s*~\s*ex:r\s*>>\s*ex:p1 ex:o1 .)
+          ]
+        },
+        "explicit reifier as object": {
+          input: %(
+            PREFIX : <http://example/>
+            PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
+            :r rdf:reifies <<( :s :p :o )>> .
+            :s1 :p1 :r .
+          ),
+          regexp: [
+            %r(ex:s1 ex:p1 <<\s*ex:s ex:p ex:o\s*~\s*ex:r\s*>>\s*.)
+          ]
+        },
       }.each do |name, params|
         it name do
           graph = RDF::Graph.new {|g| g << parse(params[:input], rdfstar: true)}