Refactor and expose underlying utilities

[rowanmanning]

There are quite a few useful utilities in here, which could be exposed to allow extra functionality (such as extending non-chic classes).

For example (not necessarily actual API):

• extend(obj1, obj2): extend one object with the properties of another
• inherit(fn1, fn2): override fn1's prototype with an instance of fn2.

The rest of the Chic interface would stay the same for now.