diff --git a/integration/cf-compiler-test.ts b/integration/cf-compiler-test.ts
index 13adcfc7148..2e0f61e3bed 100644
--- a/integration/cf-compiler-test.ts
+++ b/integration/cf-compiler-test.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import glob from "glob";
 
 import { createFixtureProject, js, json } from "./helpers/create-fixture.js";
 
-const searchFiles = async (pattern: string | RegExp, files: string[]) => {
+const searchFiles = (pattern: string | RegExp, files: string[]) => {
   let result = shell.grep("-l", pattern, files);
   return result.stdout
     .trim()
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ const searchFiles = async (pattern: string | RegExp, files: string[]) => {
     .filter((line) => line.length > 0);
 };
 
-const findCodeFiles = async (directory: string) =>
+const findCodeFiles = (directory: string) =>
   glob.sync("**/*.@(js|jsx|ts|tsx)", {
     cwd: directory,
     absolute: true,
diff --git a/integration/defer-loader-test.ts b/integration/defer-loader-test.ts
index 141c507eeb9..eae6950de76 100644
--- a/integration/defer-loader-test.ts
+++ b/integration/defer-loader-test.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ test.beforeAll(async () => {
   appFixture = await createAppFixture(fixture);
 });
 
-test.afterAll(async () => appFixture.close());
+test.afterAll(() => appFixture.close());
 
 test("deferred response can redirect on document request", async ({ page }) => {
   let app = new PlaywrightFixture(appFixture, page);
diff --git a/integration/deno-compiler-test.ts b/integration/deno-compiler-test.ts
index 506fabf6f62..d48d1d6856c 100644
--- a/integration/deno-compiler-test.ts
+++ b/integration/deno-compiler-test.ts
@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ const importPattern = (importSpecifier: string) =>
     String.raw`import\s*{.*}\s*from\s*"` + importSpecifier + String.raw`"`
   );
 
-const findCodeFiles = async (directory: string) =>
+const findCodeFiles = (directory: string) =>
   glob.sync("**/*.@(js|jsx|ts|tsx)", {
     cwd: directory,
     absolute: true,
   });
-const searchFiles = async (pattern: string | RegExp, files: string[]) => {
+const searchFiles = (pattern: string | RegExp, files: string[]) => {
   let result = shell.grep("-l", pattern, files);
   return result.stdout
     .trim()
diff --git a/integration/fetch-globals-test.ts b/integration/fetch-globals-test.ts
index 3592f230aea..12463b0f22b 100644
--- a/integration/fetch-globals-test.ts
+++ b/integration/fetch-globals-test.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ test.beforeAll(async () => {
   appFixture = await createAppFixture(fixture);
 });
 
-test.afterAll(async () => appFixture.close());
+test.afterAll(() => appFixture.close());
 
 test("returned variable from fetch() should be instance of global Response", async () => {
   let response = await fixture.requestDocument("/");
diff --git a/integration/flat-routes-test.ts b/integration/flat-routes-test.ts
index 53eae110e1d..a45128260fc 100644
--- a/integration/flat-routes-test.ts
+++ b/integration/flat-routes-test.ts
@@ -159,14 +159,14 @@ test.describe("flat routes", () => {
     });
   }
 
-  test("allows ignoredRouteFiles to be configured", async () => {
+  test("allows ignoredRouteFiles to be configured", () => {
     let routeIds = Object.keys(fixture.build.routes);
 
     expect(routeIds).not.toContain(IGNORED_ROUTE);
   });
 });
 
-test.describe("emits warnings for route conflicts", async () => {
+test.describe("emits warnings for route conflicts", () => {
   let buildStdio = new PassThrough();
   let buildOutput: string;
 
diff --git a/integration/route-collisions-test.ts b/integration/route-collisions-test.ts
index 52bc3c445da..df881b36538 100644
--- a/integration/route-collisions-test.ts
+++ b/integration/route-collisions-test.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ test.describe("build failures", () => {
   let originalConsoleWarn = console.warn;
   let originalConsoleError = console.error;
 
-  test.beforeAll(async () => {
+  test.beforeAll(() => {
     console.log = () => {};
     console.warn = () => {};
     console.error = () => {};
diff --git a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/css/plugins/bundleEntry.ts b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/css/plugins/bundleEntry.ts
index 4eaa3f4cb0b..7e0de4acf17 100644
--- a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/css/plugins/bundleEntry.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/css/plugins/bundleEntry.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ export function cssBundleEntryModulePlugin({ config }: Context): Plugin {
         };
       });
 
-      build.onLoad({ filter }, async () => {
+      build.onLoad({ filter }, () => {
         return {
           resolveDir: config.appDirectory,
           loader: "js",
diff --git a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/js/plugins/hmr.ts b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/js/plugins/hmr.ts
index e0eded4f5d2..2c70ab01494 100644
--- a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/js/plugins/hmr.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/js/plugins/hmr.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import type { Context } from "../../context";
 export let hmrPlugin = ({ config }: Context): esbuild.Plugin => {
   return {
     name: "remix-hmr",
-    setup: async (build) => {
+    setup: (build) => {
       let cache = new Map();
 
       build.onResolve({ filter: /^remix:hmr$/ }, (args) => {
diff --git a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/js/plugins/routes.ts b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/js/plugins/routes.ts
index c9891585a0d..9c54cbd27cb 100644
--- a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/js/plugins/routes.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/js/plugins/routes.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export function browserRouteModulesPlugin(
 ): esbuild.Plugin {
   return {
     name: "browser-route-modules",
-    async setup(build) {
+    setup(build) {
       let routesByFile: Map<string, Route> = Object.keys(config.routes).reduce(
         (map, key) => {
           let route = config.routes[key];
diff --git a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/absoluteCssUrlsPlugin.ts b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/absoluteCssUrlsPlugin.ts
index 21df14e5a45..81e0d983130 100644
--- a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/absoluteCssUrlsPlugin.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/absoluteCssUrlsPlugin.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import type { Plugin, PluginBuild } from "esbuild";
 export const absoluteCssUrlsPlugin = (): Plugin => {
   return {
     name: "absolute-css-urls-plugin",
-    setup: async (build: PluginBuild) => {
+    setup: (build: PluginBuild) => {
       build.onResolve({ filter: /.*/ }, async (args) => {
         let { kind, path: resolvePath } = args;
         if (kind === "url-token" && path.isAbsolute(resolvePath)) {
diff --git a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/cssBundlePlugin.ts b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/cssBundlePlugin.ts
index 98f43110520..a68a4d1d43f 100644
--- a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/cssBundlePlugin.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/cssBundlePlugin.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ export function cssBundlePlugin(refs: {
 }): Plugin {
   return {
     name: pluginName,
-    async setup(build) {
+    setup(build) {
       let preventInfiniteLoop = {};
       build.onResolve({ filter: /^@remix-run\/css-bundle$/ }, async (args) => {
         // Prevent plugin from infinitely trying to resolve itself
diff --git a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/cssImports.ts b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/cssImports.ts
index e2a04a556a7..3ac56e072f7 100644
--- a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/cssImports.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/plugins/cssImports.ts
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ export function cssFilePlugin(ctx: Context): esbuild.Plugin {
                   ? [
                       {
                         name: "postcss-plugin",
-                        async setup(build) {
+                        setup(build) {
                           build.onLoad(
                             { filter: /\.css$/, namespace: "file" },
                             async (args) => {
diff --git a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/server/plugins/entry.ts b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/server/plugins/entry.ts
index a7c9634b94b..c98f92e971d 100644
--- a/packages/remix-dev/compiler/server/plugins/entry.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-dev/compiler/server/plugins/entry.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export function serverEntryModulePlugin({ config, options }: Context): Plugin {
         };
       });
 
-      build.onLoad({ filter }, async () => {
+      build.onLoad({ filter }, () => {
         return {
           resolveDir: config.appDirectory,
           loader: "js",
diff --git a/packages/remix-dev/devServer_unstable/env.ts b/packages/remix-dev/devServer_unstable/env.ts
index d41c6449897..de810f6c6b4 100644
--- a/packages/remix-dev/devServer_unstable/env.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-dev/devServer_unstable/env.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import fse from "fs-extra";
 import * as path from "node:path";
 
 // Import environment variables from: .env, failing gracefully if it doesn't exist
-export async function loadEnv(rootDirectory: string): Promise<void> {
+export function loadEnv(rootDirectory: string) {
   let envPath = path.join(rootDirectory, ".env");
   if (!fse.existsSync(envPath)) return;
 
diff --git a/packages/remix-node/crypto.ts b/packages/remix-node/crypto.ts
index cf85ef6547d..9f32b06bdd2 100644
--- a/packages/remix-node/crypto.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-node/crypto.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
 import cookieSignature from "cookie-signature";
 import type { SignFunction, UnsignFunction } from "@remix-run/server-runtime";
 
-export const sign: SignFunction = async (value, secret) => {
+export const sign: SignFunction = (value, secret) => {
   return cookieSignature.sign(value, secret);
 };
 
-export const unsign: UnsignFunction = async (
-  signed: string,
-  secret: string
-) => {
+export const unsign: UnsignFunction = (signed: string, secret: string) => {
   return cookieSignature.unsign(signed, secret);
 };
diff --git a/packages/remix-server-runtime/crypto.ts b/packages/remix-server-runtime/crypto.ts
index 6f839a7117f..58d333033dd 100644
--- a/packages/remix-server-runtime/crypto.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-server-runtime/crypto.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
-export type SignFunction = (value: string, secret: string) => Promise<string>;
+import type { PromiseOrSync } from "./utils";
+
+export type SignFunction = (
+  value: string,
+  secret: string
+) => PromiseOrSync<string>;
 
 export type UnsignFunction = (
   cookie: string,
   secret: string
-) => Promise<string | false>;
+) => PromiseOrSync<string | false>;
 
 // TODO: Once node v16 is available on AWS we should use the globally provided
 // webcrypto "crypto" variable and re-enable this code-path in "./cookies.ts"
diff --git a/packages/remix-server-runtime/index.ts b/packages/remix-server-runtime/index.ts
index 038b6518e94..2fed70cceaa 100644
--- a/packages/remix-server-runtime/index.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-server-runtime/index.ts
@@ -77,3 +77,5 @@ export type {
   UploadHandler,
   UploadHandlerPart,
 } from "./reexport";
+
+export type { PromiseOrSync } from "./utils";
diff --git a/packages/remix-server-runtime/sessions.ts b/packages/remix-server-runtime/sessions.ts
index bf809b65414..a56372197d4 100644
--- a/packages/remix-server-runtime/sessions.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-server-runtime/sessions.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import type { CookieParseOptions, CookieSerializeOptions } from "cookie";
 import type { Cookie, CookieOptions, CreateCookieFunction } from "./cookies";
 import { isCookie } from "./cookies";
 import { warnOnce } from "./warnings";
+import type { PromiseOrSync } from "./utils";
 
 /**
  * An object of name/value pairs to be used in the session.
@@ -223,12 +224,14 @@ export interface SessionIdStorageStrategy<
   createData: (
     data: FlashSessionData<Data, FlashData>,
     expires?: Date
-  ) => Promise<string>;
+  ) => PromiseOrSync<string>;
 
   /**
    * Returns data for a given session id, or `null` if there isn't any.
    */
-  readData: (id: string) => Promise<FlashSessionData<Data, FlashData> | null>;
+  readData: (
+    id: string
+  ) => PromiseOrSync<FlashSessionData<Data, FlashData> | null>;
 
   /**
    * Updates data for the given session id.
@@ -237,12 +240,12 @@ export interface SessionIdStorageStrategy<
     id: string,
     data: FlashSessionData<Data, FlashData>,
     expires?: Date
-  ) => Promise<void>;
+  ) => PromiseOrSync<void>;
 
   /**
    * Deletes data for a given session id from the data store.
    */
-  deleteData: (id: string) => Promise<void>;
+  deleteData: (id: string) => PromiseOrSync<void>;
 }
 
 export type CreateSessionStorageFunction = <
diff --git a/packages/remix-server-runtime/sessions/memoryStorage.ts b/packages/remix-server-runtime/sessions/memoryStorage.ts
index d8072528fd9..94ce088146b 100644
--- a/packages/remix-server-runtime/sessions/memoryStorage.ts
+++ b/packages/remix-server-runtime/sessions/memoryStorage.ts
@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ export const createMemorySessionStorageFactory =
 
     return createSessionStorage({
       cookie,
-      async createData(data, expires) {
+      createData(data, expires) {
         let id = (++uniqueId).toString();
         map.set(id, { data, expires });
         return id;
       },
-      async readData(id) {
+      readData(id) {
         if (map.has(id)) {
           let { data, expires } = map.get(id)!;
 
@@ -64,10 +64,10 @@ export const createMemorySessionStorageFactory =
 
         return null;
       },
-      async updateData(id, data, expires) {
+      updateData(id, data, expires) {
         map.set(id, { data, expires });
       },
-      async deleteData(id) {
+      deleteData(id) {
         map.delete(id);
       },
     });
diff --git a/packages/remix-server-runtime/utils.ts b/packages/remix-server-runtime/utils.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ad9891bd8eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/remix-server-runtime/utils.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export type PromiseOrSync<T> = Promise<T> | T;
diff --git a/scripts/playground/template/app/models/user.server.ts b/scripts/playground/template/app/models/user.server.ts
index 32e030b4be5..62388ada2a8 100644
--- a/scripts/playground/template/app/models/user.server.ts
+++ b/scripts/playground/template/app/models/user.server.ts
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ import { prisma } from "~/db.server";
 
 export type { User } from "@prisma/client";
 
-export async function getUserById(id: User["id"]) {
+export function getUserById(id: User["id"]) {
   return prisma.user.findUnique({ where: { id } });
 }
 
-export async function getUserByEmail(email: User["email"]) {
+export function getUserByEmail(email: User["email"]) {
   return prisma.user.findUnique({ where: { email } });
 }
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export async function createUser(email: User["email"], password: string) {
   });
 }
 
-export async function deleteUserByEmail(email: User["email"]) {
+export function deleteUserByEmail(email: User["email"]) {
   return prisma.user.delete({ where: { email } });
 }
 
diff --git a/scripts/playground/template/app/routes/logout.tsx b/scripts/playground/template/app/routes/logout.tsx
index 5def3ddfda0..93a98af0aa9 100644
--- a/scripts/playground/template/app/routes/logout.tsx
+++ b/scripts/playground/template/app/routes/logout.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ export async function action({ request }: ActionArgs) {
   return logout(request);
 }
 
-export async function loader() {
+export function loader() {
   return redirect("/");
 }