[v24.2.x] storage: housekeeping metrics

[vbotbuildovich]

Backport #24007 to branch v24.2.x. This issue was created as a placeholder because the original PR's commit(s) could not be automatically cherry-picked.
Here are the commands to execute:

git checkout v24.2.x
git checkout -b manual-backport-24007-v24.2.x-145
git cherry-pick -x 1cd18e8a8d 1d7d27be58 08b6020d63

git push origin manual-backport-24007-v24.2.x-145
gh pr create \
  --title "[v24.2.x] storage: housekeeping metrics" \
  --base "v24.2.x" \
  --label "kind/backport" \
  --head "manual-backport-24007-v24.2.x-145" \
  --draft \
  --repo "redpanda-data/redpanda" \
  --milestone "v24.2.x-next" \
  --body "Backport of PR https://github.com/redpanda-data/redpanda/pull/24007 "

[piyushredpanda]

Merged.