diff --git a/.changeset/young-carrots-sort.md b/.changeset/young-carrots-sort.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2845729d591
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/young-carrots-sort.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'react-docgen': patch
+---
+
+Fix detection of React.Children with ESM imports
diff --git a/packages/react-docgen/src/utils/__tests__/isReactChildrenElementCall-test.ts b/packages/react-docgen/src/utils/__tests__/isReactChildrenElementCall-test.ts
index f1cb22bacc9..c1b71074ca4 100644
--- a/packages/react-docgen/src/utils/__tests__/isReactChildrenElementCall-test.ts
+++ b/packages/react-docgen/src/utils/__tests__/isReactChildrenElementCall-test.ts
@@ -21,6 +21,42 @@ describe('isReactChildrenElementCall', () => {
 
       expect(isReactChildrenElementCall(def)).toBe(true);
     });
+
+    test('React.Children.only without React', () => {
+      const def = parse.expressionLast(`
+        var Children = require("React").Children;
+        Children.only(() => {});
+      `);
+
+      expect(isReactChildrenElementCall(def)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test('React.Children.only with destructuring', () => {
+      const def = parse.expressionLast(`
+        var { Children } = require("React");
+        Children.only(() => {});
+      `);
+
+      expect(isReactChildrenElementCall(def)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test('React.Children.only with import', () => {
+      const def = parse.expressionLast(`
+        import React from 'react';
+        React.Children.only(() => {});
+      `);
+
+      expect(isReactChildrenElementCall(def)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test('React.Children.only with named import', () => {
+      const def = parse.expressionLast(`
+        import { Children } from 'react';
+        Children.only(() => {});
+      `);
+
+      expect(isReactChildrenElementCall(def)).toBe(true);
+    });
   });
   describe('false', () => {
     test('not call expression', () => {
diff --git a/packages/react-docgen/src/utils/isReactChildrenElementCall.ts b/packages/react-docgen/src/utils/isReactChildrenElementCall.ts
index 4c22fdb012a..543ed9e246c 100644
--- a/packages/react-docgen/src/utils/isReactChildrenElementCall.ts
+++ b/packages/react-docgen/src/utils/isReactChildrenElementCall.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import type { NodePath } from '@babel/traverse';
-import isReactModuleName from './isReactModuleName.js';
-import resolveToModule from './resolveToModule.js';
 import type { CallExpression } from '@babel/types';
+import isReactBuiltinReference from './isReactBuiltinReference.js';
 
 /**
  * Returns true if the expression is a function call of the form
@@ -16,24 +15,16 @@ export default function isReactChildrenElementCall(
 
   const callee = path.get('callee');
 
-  if (
-    !callee.isMemberExpression() ||
-    (!callee.get('property').isIdentifier({ name: 'only' }) &&
-      !callee.get('property').isIdentifier({ name: 'map' }))
-  ) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  const calleeObj = callee.get('object');
+  if (callee.isMemberExpression()) {
+    const calleeProperty = callee.get('property');
 
-  if (
-    !calleeObj.isMemberExpression() ||
-    !calleeObj.get('property').isIdentifier({ name: 'Children' })
-  ) {
-    return false;
+    if (
+      calleeProperty.isIdentifier({ name: 'only' }) ||
+      calleeProperty.isIdentifier({ name: 'map' })
+    ) {
+      return isReactBuiltinReference(callee.get('object'), 'Children');
+    }
   }
 
-  const module = resolveToModule(calleeObj);
-
-  return Boolean(module && isReactModuleName(module));
+  return false;
 }