diff --git a/changelog/11929.bugfix.rst b/changelog/11929.bugfix.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ab50e6f451
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/11929.bugfix.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a regression in pytest 8.0.0 whereby autouse fixtures defined in a module get ignored by the doctests in the module.
diff --git a/src/_pytest/doctest.py b/src/_pytest/doctest.py
index 61f13834c46..c6b1a9df5cc 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/doctest.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/doctest.py
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@
 from _pytest.outcomes import OutcomeException
 from _pytest.outcomes import skip
 from _pytest.pathlib import fnmatch_ex
-from _pytest.pathlib import import_path
 from _pytest.python import Module
 from _pytest.python_api import approx
 from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
@@ -107,7 +106,7 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
         "--doctest-ignore-import-errors",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
-        help="Ignore doctest ImportErrors",
+        help="Ignore doctest collection errors",
         dest="doctest_ignore_import_errors",
     )
     group.addoption(
@@ -568,16 +567,17 @@ def _from_module(self, module, object):
             )
         else:
             try:
-                module = import_path(
-                    self.path,
-                    root=self.config.rootpath,
-                    mode=self.config.getoption("importmode"),
-                )
-            except ImportError:
+                module = self.obj
+            except Collector.CollectError:
                 if self.config.getvalue("doctest_ignore_import_errors"):
                     skip("unable to import module %r" % self.path)
                 else:
                     raise
+
+            # While doctests currently don't support fixtures directly, we still
+            # need to pick up autouse fixtures.
+            self.session._fixturemanager.parsefactories(self)
+
         # Uses internal doctest module parsing mechanism.
         finder = MockAwareDocTestFinder()
         optionflags = get_optionflags(self.config)
diff --git a/testing/test_doctest.py b/testing/test_doctest.py
index abe407eb8d2..e8a35fe9b98 100644
--- a/testing/test_doctest.py
+++ b/testing/test_doctest.py
@@ -1375,6 +1375,38 @@ def auto(request):
         str(result.stdout.no_fnmatch_line("*FAILURES*"))
         result.stdout.fnmatch_lines(["*=== 1 passed in *"])
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("scope", [*SCOPES, "package"])
+    def test_auto_use_defined_in_same_module(
+        self, pytester: Pytester, scope: str
+    ) -> None:
+        """Autouse fixtures defined in the same module as the doctest get picked
+        up properly.
+
+        Regression test for #11929.
+        """
+        pytester.makepyfile(
+            f"""
+            import pytest
+
+            AUTO = "the fixture did not run"
+
+            @pytest.fixture(autouse=True, scope="{scope}")
+            def auto(request):
+                global AUTO
+                AUTO = "the fixture ran"
+
+            def my_doctest():
+                '''My doctest.
+
+                >>> my_doctest()
+                'the fixture ran'
+                '''
+                return AUTO
+            """
+        )
+        result = pytester.runpytest("--doctest-modules")
+        result.assert_outcomes(passed=1)
+
 
 class TestDoctestNamespaceFixture:
     SCOPES = ["module", "session", "class", "function"]