diff --git a/CHANGES.md b/CHANGES.md
index dc52ca34cbb..13141899d92 100644
--- a/CHANGES.md
+++ b/CHANGES.md
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 - Tuple unpacking on `return` and `yield` constructs now implies 3.8+ (#2700)
 - Unparenthesized tuples on annotated assignments (e.g
   `values: Tuple[int, ...] = 1, 2, 3`) now implies 3.8+ (#2708)
+- Remove spaces around power operators if both operands are simple (#2726)
 - Allow setting custom cache directory on all platforms with environment variable
   `BLACK_CACHE_DIR` (#2739).
 - Text coloring added in the final statistics (#2712)
diff --git a/docs/the_black_code_style/current_style.md b/docs/the_black_code_style/current_style.md
index 1d1e42e75c8..5be7ba6dbdb 100644
--- a/docs/the_black_code_style/current_style.md
+++ b/docs/the_black_code_style/current_style.md
@@ -284,6 +284,26 @@ multiple lines. This is so that _Black_ is compliant with the recent changes in
 [PEP 8](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#should-a-line-break-before-or-after-a-binary-operator)
 style guide, which emphasizes that this approach improves readability.
 
+Almost all operators will be surrounded by single spaces, the only exceptions are unary
+operators (`+`, `-`, and `~`), and power operators when both operands are simple. For
+powers, an operand is considered simple if it's only a NAME, numeric CONSTANT, or
+attribute access (chained attribute access is allowed), with or without a preceding
+unary operator.
+
+```python
+# For example, these won't be surrounded by whitespace
+a = x**y
+b = config.base**5.2
+c = config.base**runtime.config.exponent
+d = 2**5
+e = 2**~5
+
+# ... but these will be surrounded by whitespace
+f = 2 ** get_exponent()
+g = get_x() ** get_y()
+h = config['base'] ** 2
+```
+
 ### Slices
 
 PEP 8
diff --git a/src/black/linegen.py b/src/black/linegen.py
index 9ee42aaaf72..9fbdfadba6a 100644
--- a/src/black/linegen.py
+++ b/src/black/linegen.py
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 from black.numerics import normalize_numeric_literal
 from black.strings import get_string_prefix, fix_docstring
 from black.strings import normalize_string_prefix, normalize_string_quotes
-from black.trans import Transformer, CannotTransform, StringMerger
-from black.trans import StringSplitter, StringParenWrapper, StringParenStripper
+from black.trans import Transformer, CannotTransform, StringMerger, StringSplitter
+from black.trans import StringParenWrapper, StringParenStripper, hug_power_op
 from black.mode import Mode, Feature, Preview
 
 from blib2to3.pytree import Node, Leaf
@@ -404,6 +404,9 @@ def _rhs(
                 transformers = [delimiter_split, standalone_comment_split, rhs]
             else:
                 transformers = [rhs]
+    # It's always safe to attempt hugging of power operations and pretty much every line
+    # could match.
+    transformers.append(hug_power_op)
 
     for transform in transformers:
         # We are accumulating lines in `result` because we might want to abort
diff --git a/src/black/trans.py b/src/black/trans.py
index cb41c1be487..74d052fe2dc 100644
--- a/src/black/trans.py
+++ b/src/black/trans.py
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
 import sys
 
 if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
-    from typing_extensions import Final
+    from typing_extensions import Literal, Final
 else:
-    from typing import Final
+    from typing import Literal, Final
 
 from mypy_extensions import trait
 
@@ -71,6 +71,88 @@ def TErr(err_msg: str) -> Err[CannotTransform]:
     return Err(cant_transform)
 
 
+def hug_power_op(line: Line, features: Collection[Feature]) -> Iterator[Line]:
+    """A transformer which normalizes spacing around power operators."""
+
+    # Performance optimization to avoid unnecessary Leaf clones and other ops.
+    for leaf in line.leaves:
+        if leaf.type == token.DOUBLESTAR:
+            break
+    else:
+        raise CannotTransform("No doublestar token was found in the line.")
+
+    def is_simple_lookup(index: int, step: Literal[1, -1]) -> bool:
+        # Brackets and parentheses indicate calls, subscripts, etc. ...
+        # basically stuff that doesn't count as "simple". Only a NAME lookup
+        # or dotted lookup (eg. NAME.NAME) is OK.
+        if step == -1:
+            disallowed = {token.RPAR, token.RSQB}
+        else:
+            disallowed = {token.LPAR, token.LSQB}
+
+        while 0 <= index < len(line.leaves):
+            current = line.leaves[index]
+            if current.type in disallowed:
+                return False
+            if current.type not in {token.NAME, token.DOT} or current.value == "for":
+                # If the current token isn't disallowed, we'll assume this is simple as
+                # only the disallowed tokens are semantically attached to this lookup
+                # expression we're checking. Also, stop early if we hit the 'for' bit
+                # of a comprehension.
+                return True
+
+            index += step
+
+        return True
+
+    def is_simple_operand(index: int, kind: Literal["base", "exponent"]) -> bool:
+        # An operand is considered "simple" if's a NAME, a numeric CONSTANT, a simple
+        # lookup (see above), with or without a preceding unary operator.
+        start = line.leaves[index]
+        if start.type in {token.NAME, token.NUMBER}:
+            return is_simple_lookup(index, step=(1 if kind == "exponent" else -1))
+
+        if start.type in {token.PLUS, token.MINUS, token.TILDE}:
+            if line.leaves[index + 1].type in {token.NAME, token.NUMBER}:
+                # step is always one as bases with a preceding unary op will be checked
+                # for simplicity starting from the next token (so it'll hit the check
+                # above).
+                return is_simple_lookup(index + 1, step=1)
+
+        return False
+
+    leaves: List[Leaf] = []
+    should_hug = False
+    for idx, leaf in enumerate(line.leaves):
+        new_leaf = leaf.clone()
+        if should_hug:
+            new_leaf.prefix = ""
+            should_hug = False
+
+        should_hug = (
+            (0 < idx < len(line.leaves) - 1)
+            and leaf.type == token.DOUBLESTAR
+            and is_simple_operand(idx - 1, kind="base")
+            and line.leaves[idx - 1].value != "lambda"
+            and is_simple_operand(idx + 1, kind="exponent")
+        )
+        if should_hug:
+            new_leaf.prefix = ""
+
+        leaves.append(new_leaf)
+
+    yield Line(
+        mode=line.mode,
+        depth=line.depth,
+        leaves=leaves,
+        comments=line.comments,
+        bracket_tracker=line.bracket_tracker,
+        inside_brackets=line.inside_brackets,
+        should_split_rhs=line.should_split_rhs,
+        magic_trailing_comma=line.magic_trailing_comma,
+    )
+
+
 class StringTransformer(ABC):
     """
     An implementation of the Transformer protocol that relies on its
diff --git a/src/black_primer/primer.json b/src/black_primer/primer.json
index a8d8fc9e21f..a6bfd4a2fec 100644
--- a/src/black_primer/primer.json
+++ b/src/black_primer/primer.json
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
     },
     "flake8-bugbear": {
       "cli_arguments": ["--experimental-string-processing"],
-      "expect_formatting_changes": false,
+      "expect_formatting_changes": true,
       "git_clone_url": "https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8-bugbear.git",
       "long_checkout": false,
       "py_versions": ["all"]
diff --git a/tests/data/expression.diff b/tests/data/expression.diff
index 721a07d2141..5f29a18dc7f 100644
--- a/tests/data/expression.diff
+++ b/tests/data/expression.diff
@@ -11,7 +11,17 @@
  True
  False
  1
-@@ -29,63 +29,96 @@
+@@ -21,71 +21,104 @@
+ Name1 or (Name2 and Name3) or Name4
+ Name1 or Name2 and Name3 or Name4
+ v1 << 2
+ 1 >> v2
+ 1 % finished
+-1 + v2 - v3 * 4 ^ 5 ** v6 / 7 // 8
+-((1 + v2) - (v3 * 4)) ^ (((5 ** v6) / 7) // 8)
++1 + v2 - v3 * 4 ^ 5**v6 / 7 // 8
++((1 + v2) - (v3 * 4)) ^ (((5**v6) / 7) // 8)
+ not great
  ~great
  +value
  -1
@@ -19,7 +29,7 @@
  (~int) and (not ((v1 ^ (123 + v2)) | True))
 -+really ** -confusing ** ~operator ** -precedence
 -flags & ~ select.EPOLLIN and waiters.write_task is not None
-++(really ** -(confusing ** ~(operator ** -precedence)))
+++(really ** -(confusing ** ~(operator**-precedence)))
 +flags & ~select.EPOLLIN and waiters.write_task is not None
  lambda arg: None
  lambda a=True: a
@@ -88,15 +98,19 @@
 +    *more,
 +]
  {i for i in (1, 2, 3)}
- {(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)}
+-{(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)}
 -{(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'))}
-+{(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
- {((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)}
+-{((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)}
++{(i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3)}
++{(i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
++{((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)}
  [i for i in (1, 2, 3)]
- [(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)]
+-[(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)]
 -[(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'))]
-+[(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))]
- [((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)]
+-[((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)]
++[(i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3)]
++[(i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))]
++[((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)]
  {i: 0 for i in (1, 2, 3)}
 -{i: j for i, j in ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'))}
 +{i: j for i, j in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
@@ -181,10 +195,12 @@
  SomeName
  (Good, Bad, Ugly)
  (i for i in (1, 2, 3))
- ((i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3))
+-((i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3))
 -((i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c')))
-+((i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c")))
- (((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3))
+-(((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3))
++((i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3))
++((i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c")))
++(((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3))
  (*starred,)
 -{"id": "1","type": "type","started_at": now(),"ended_at": now() + timedelta(days=10),"priority": 1,"import_session_id": 1,**kwargs}
 +{
@@ -403,13 +419,13 @@
 +    return True
 +if (
 +    ~aaaa.a + aaaa.b - aaaa.c * aaaa.d / aaaa.e
-+    | aaaa.f & aaaa.g % aaaa.h ^ aaaa.i << aaaa.k >> aaaa.l ** aaaa.m // aaaa.n
++    | aaaa.f & aaaa.g % aaaa.h ^ aaaa.i << aaaa.k >> aaaa.l**aaaa.m // aaaa.n
 +):
 +    return True
 +if (
 +    ~aaaaaaaa.a + aaaaaaaa.b - aaaaaaaa.c @ aaaaaaaa.d / aaaaaaaa.e
 +    | aaaaaaaa.f & aaaaaaaa.g % aaaaaaaa.h
-+    ^ aaaaaaaa.i << aaaaaaaa.k >> aaaaaaaa.l ** aaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaa.n
++    ^ aaaaaaaa.i << aaaaaaaa.k >> aaaaaaaa.l**aaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaa.n
 +):
 +    return True
 +if (
@@ -419,7 +435,7 @@
 +    | aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.f & aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.g % aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.h
 +    ^ aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.i
 +    << aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.k
-+    >> aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.l ** aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.n
++    >> aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.l**aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.n
 +):
 +    return True
 +(
diff --git a/tests/data/expression.py b/tests/data/expression.py
index d13450cda68..b056841027d 100644
--- a/tests/data/expression.py
+++ b/tests/data/expression.py
@@ -282,15 +282,15 @@ async def f():
 v1 << 2
 1 >> v2
 1 % finished
-1 + v2 - v3 * 4 ^ 5 ** v6 / 7 // 8
-((1 + v2) - (v3 * 4)) ^ (((5 ** v6) / 7) // 8)
+1 + v2 - v3 * 4 ^ 5**v6 / 7 // 8
+((1 + v2) - (v3 * 4)) ^ (((5**v6) / 7) // 8)
 not great
 ~great
 +value
 -1
 ~int and not v1 ^ 123 + v2 | True
 (~int) and (not ((v1 ^ (123 + v2)) | True))
-+(really ** -(confusing ** ~(operator ** -precedence)))
++(really ** -(confusing ** ~(operator**-precedence)))
 flags & ~select.EPOLLIN and waiters.write_task is not None
 lambda arg: None
 lambda a=True: a
@@ -347,13 +347,13 @@ async def f():
     *more,
 ]
 {i for i in (1, 2, 3)}
-{(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)}
-{(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
-{((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)}
+{(i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3)}
+{(i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
+{((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)}
 [i for i in (1, 2, 3)]
-[(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)]
-[(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))]
-[((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)]
+[(i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3)]
+[(i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))]
+[((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)]
 {i: 0 for i in (1, 2, 3)}
 {i: j for i, j in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
 {a: b * 2 for a, b in dictionary.items()}
@@ -441,9 +441,9 @@ async def f():
 SomeName
 (Good, Bad, Ugly)
 (i for i in (1, 2, 3))
-((i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3))
-((i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c")))
-(((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3))
+((i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3))
+((i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c")))
+(((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3))
 (*starred,)
 {
     "id": "1",
@@ -588,13 +588,13 @@ async def f():
     return True
 if (
     ~aaaa.a + aaaa.b - aaaa.c * aaaa.d / aaaa.e
-    | aaaa.f & aaaa.g % aaaa.h ^ aaaa.i << aaaa.k >> aaaa.l ** aaaa.m // aaaa.n
+    | aaaa.f & aaaa.g % aaaa.h ^ aaaa.i << aaaa.k >> aaaa.l**aaaa.m // aaaa.n
 ):
     return True
 if (
     ~aaaaaaaa.a + aaaaaaaa.b - aaaaaaaa.c @ aaaaaaaa.d / aaaaaaaa.e
     | aaaaaaaa.f & aaaaaaaa.g % aaaaaaaa.h
-    ^ aaaaaaaa.i << aaaaaaaa.k >> aaaaaaaa.l ** aaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaa.n
+    ^ aaaaaaaa.i << aaaaaaaa.k >> aaaaaaaa.l**aaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaa.n
 ):
     return True
 if (
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ async def f():
     | aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.f & aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.g % aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.h
     ^ aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.i
     << aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.k
-    >> aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.l ** aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.n
+    >> aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.l**aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.n
 ):
     return True
 (
diff --git a/tests/data/expression_skip_magic_trailing_comma.diff b/tests/data/expression_skip_magic_trailing_comma.diff
index 4a8a95c7237..5b722c91352 100644
--- a/tests/data/expression_skip_magic_trailing_comma.diff
+++ b/tests/data/expression_skip_magic_trailing_comma.diff
@@ -11,7 +11,17 @@
  True
  False
  1
-@@ -29,63 +29,84 @@
+@@ -21,71 +21,92 @@
+ Name1 or (Name2 and Name3) or Name4
+ Name1 or Name2 and Name3 or Name4
+ v1 << 2
+ 1 >> v2
+ 1 % finished
+-1 + v2 - v3 * 4 ^ 5 ** v6 / 7 // 8
+-((1 + v2) - (v3 * 4)) ^ (((5 ** v6) / 7) // 8)
++1 + v2 - v3 * 4 ^ 5**v6 / 7 // 8
++((1 + v2) - (v3 * 4)) ^ (((5**v6) / 7) // 8)
+ not great
  ~great
  +value
  -1
@@ -19,7 +29,7 @@
  (~int) and (not ((v1 ^ (123 + v2)) | True))
 -+really ** -confusing ** ~operator ** -precedence
 -flags & ~ select.EPOLLIN and waiters.write_task is not None
-++(really ** -(confusing ** ~(operator ** -precedence)))
+++(really ** -(confusing ** ~(operator**-precedence)))
 +flags & ~select.EPOLLIN and waiters.write_task is not None
  lambda arg: None
  lambda a=True: a
@@ -76,15 +86,19 @@
 +    *more,
 +]
  {i for i in (1, 2, 3)}
- {(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)}
+-{(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)}
 -{(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'))}
-+{(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
- {((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)}
+-{((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)}
++{(i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3)}
++{(i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
++{((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)}
  [i for i in (1, 2, 3)]
- [(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)]
+-[(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)]
 -[(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'))]
-+[(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))]
- [((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)]
+-[((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)]
++[(i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3)]
++[(i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))]
++[((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)]
  {i: 0 for i in (1, 2, 3)}
 -{i: j for i, j in ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'))}
 +{i: j for i, j in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))}
@@ -164,10 +178,12 @@
  SomeName
  (Good, Bad, Ugly)
  (i for i in (1, 2, 3))
- ((i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3))
+-((i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3))
 -((i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c')))
-+((i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c")))
- (((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3))
+-(((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3))
++((i**2) for i in (1, 2, 3))
++((i**2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c")))
++(((i**2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3))
  (*starred,)
 -{"id": "1","type": "type","started_at": now(),"ended_at": now() + timedelta(days=10),"priority": 1,"import_session_id": 1,**kwargs}
 +{
@@ -384,13 +400,13 @@
 +    return True
 +if (
 +    ~aaaa.a + aaaa.b - aaaa.c * aaaa.d / aaaa.e
-+    | aaaa.f & aaaa.g % aaaa.h ^ aaaa.i << aaaa.k >> aaaa.l ** aaaa.m // aaaa.n
++    | aaaa.f & aaaa.g % aaaa.h ^ aaaa.i << aaaa.k >> aaaa.l**aaaa.m // aaaa.n
 +):
 +    return True
 +if (
 +    ~aaaaaaaa.a + aaaaaaaa.b - aaaaaaaa.c @ aaaaaaaa.d / aaaaaaaa.e
 +    | aaaaaaaa.f & aaaaaaaa.g % aaaaaaaa.h
-+    ^ aaaaaaaa.i << aaaaaaaa.k >> aaaaaaaa.l ** aaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaa.n
++    ^ aaaaaaaa.i << aaaaaaaa.k >> aaaaaaaa.l**aaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaa.n
 +):
 +    return True
 +if (
@@ -400,7 +416,7 @@
 +    | aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.f & aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.g % aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.h
 +    ^ aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.i
 +    << aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.k
-+    >> aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.l ** aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.n
++    >> aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.l**aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.n
 +):
 +    return True
 +(
diff --git a/tests/data/pep_572.py b/tests/data/pep_572.py
index c6867f26258..d41805f1cb1 100644
--- a/tests/data/pep_572.py
+++ b/tests/data/pep_572.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     pass
 if match := pattern.search(data):
     pass
-[y := f(x), y ** 2, y ** 3]
+[y := f(x), y**2, y**3]
 filtered_data = [y for x in data if (y := f(x)) is None]
 (y := f(x))
 y0 = (y1 := f(x))
diff --git a/tests/data/pep_572_py39.py b/tests/data/pep_572_py39.py
index 7bbd5091197..b8b081b8c45 100644
--- a/tests/data/pep_572_py39.py
+++ b/tests/data/pep_572_py39.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Unparenthesized walruses are now allowed in set literals & set comprehensions
 # since Python 3.9
 {x := 1, 2, 3}
-{x4 := x ** 5 for x in range(7)}
+{x4 := x**5 for x in range(7)}
 # We better not remove the parentheses here (since it's a 3.10 feature)
 x[(a := 1)]
 x[(a := 1), (b := 3)]
diff --git a/tests/data/power_op_spacing.py b/tests/data/power_op_spacing.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..87dde7f39dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data/power_op_spacing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+def function(**kwargs):
+    t = a**2 + b**3
+    return t ** 2
+
+
+def function_replace_spaces(**kwargs):
+    t = a **2 + b** 3 + c ** 4
+
+
+def function_dont_replace_spaces():
+    {**a, **b, **c}
+
+
+a = 5**~4
+b = 5 ** f()
+c = -(5**2)
+d = 5 ** f["hi"]
+e = lazy(lambda **kwargs: 5)
+f = f() ** 5
+g = a.b**c.d
+h = 5 ** funcs.f()
+i = funcs.f() ** 5
+j = super().name ** 5
+k = [(2**idx, value) for idx, value in pairs]
+l = mod.weights_[0] == pytest.approx(0.95**100, abs=0.001)
+m = [([2**63], [1, 2**63])]
+n = count <= 10**5
+o = settings(max_examples=10**6)
+p = {(k, k**2): v**2 for k, v in pairs}
+q = [10**i for i in range(6)]
+r = x**y
+
+a = 5.0**~4.0
+b = 5.0 ** f()
+c = -(5.0**2.0)
+d = 5.0 ** f["hi"]
+e = lazy(lambda **kwargs: 5)
+f = f() ** 5.0
+g = a.b**c.d
+h = 5.0 ** funcs.f()
+i = funcs.f() ** 5.0
+j = super().name ** 5.0
+k = [(2.0**idx, value) for idx, value in pairs]
+l = mod.weights_[0] == pytest.approx(0.95**100, abs=0.001)
+m = [([2.0**63.0], [1.0, 2**63.0])]
+n = count <= 10**5.0
+o = settings(max_examples=10**6.0)
+p = {(k, k**2): v**2.0 for k, v in pairs}
+q = [10.5**i for i in range(6)]
+
+
+# output
+
+
+def function(**kwargs):
+    t = a**2 + b**3
+    return t**2
+
+
+def function_replace_spaces(**kwargs):
+    t = a**2 + b**3 + c**4
+
+
+def function_dont_replace_spaces():
+    {**a, **b, **c}
+
+
+a = 5**~4
+b = 5 ** f()
+c = -(5**2)
+d = 5 ** f["hi"]
+e = lazy(lambda **kwargs: 5)
+f = f() ** 5
+g = a.b**c.d
+h = 5 ** funcs.f()
+i = funcs.f() ** 5
+j = super().name ** 5
+k = [(2**idx, value) for idx, value in pairs]
+l = mod.weights_[0] == pytest.approx(0.95**100, abs=0.001)
+m = [([2**63], [1, 2**63])]
+n = count <= 10**5
+o = settings(max_examples=10**6)
+p = {(k, k**2): v**2 for k, v in pairs}
+q = [10**i for i in range(6)]
+r = x**y
+
+a = 5.0**~4.0
+b = 5.0 ** f()
+c = -(5.0**2.0)
+d = 5.0 ** f["hi"]
+e = lazy(lambda **kwargs: 5)
+f = f() ** 5.0
+g = a.b**c.d
+h = 5.0 ** funcs.f()
+i = funcs.f() ** 5.0
+j = super().name ** 5.0
+k = [(2.0**idx, value) for idx, value in pairs]
+l = mod.weights_[0] == pytest.approx(0.95**100, abs=0.001)
+m = [([2.0**63.0], [1.0, 2**63.0])]
+n = count <= 10**5.0
+o = settings(max_examples=10**6.0)
+p = {(k, k**2): v**2.0 for k, v in pairs}
+q = [10.5**i for i in range(6)]
diff --git a/tests/data/slices.py b/tests/data/slices.py
index 7a42678f646..165117cdcb4 100644
--- a/tests/data/slices.py
+++ b/tests/data/slices.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 slice[:c, c - 1]
 slice[c, c + 1, d::]
 slice[ham[c::d] :: 1]
-slice[ham[cheese ** 2 : -1] : 1 : 1, ham[1:2]]
+slice[ham[cheese**2 : -1] : 1 : 1, ham[1:2]]
 slice[:-1:]
 slice[lambda: None : lambda: None]
 slice[lambda x, y, *args, really=2, **kwargs: None :, None::]
diff --git a/tests/test_format.py b/tests/test_format.py
index 40f225c9554..2c8cd83e619 100644
--- a/tests/test_format.py
+++ b/tests/test_format.py
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
     "function2",
     "function_trailing_comma",
     "import_spacing",
+    "power_op_spacing",
     "remove_parens",
     "slices",
     "string_prefixes",