diff --git a/pkg/statistics/handle/usage/BUILD.bazel b/pkg/statistics/handle/usage/BUILD.bazel
index eda51d50998ad..b918b0bc8385b 100644
--- a/pkg/statistics/handle/usage/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/pkg/statistics/handle/usage/BUILD.bazel
@@ -35,10 +35,12 @@ go_test(
     timeout = "short",
     srcs = [
         "index_usage_integration_test.go",
+        "predicate_column_test.go",
         "session_stats_collect_test.go",
     ],
     embed = [":usage"],
     flaky = True,
+    shard_count = 3,
     deps = [
         "//pkg/infoschema",
         "//pkg/parser/model",
diff --git a/pkg/statistics/handle/usage/predicate_column_test.go b/pkg/statistics/handle/usage/predicate_column_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..be8af639d76de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/statistics/handle/usage/predicate_column_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright 2024 PingCAP, Inc.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package usage_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser/model"
+	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/testkit"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestCleanupPredicateColumns(t *testing.T) {
+	store, dom := testkit.CreateMockStoreAndDomain(t)
+	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
+
+	// Create table and select data with predicate.
+	tk.MustExec("use test")
+	tk.MustExec("create table t (a int, b int)")
+	tk.MustExec("insert into t values (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)")
+	// Enable column tracking.
+	tk.MustExec("set global tidb_enable_column_tracking = 1")
+	tk.MustQuery("select * from t where a > 1").Check(testkit.Rows("2 2", "3 3"))
+	tk.MustQuery("select * from t where b > 1").Check(testkit.Rows("2 2", "3 3"))
+
+	// Dump the statistics usage.
+	h := dom.StatsHandle()
+	err := h.DumpColStatsUsageToKV()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Check the statistics usage.
+	rows := tk.MustQuery("select * from mysql.column_stats_usage").Rows()
+	require.Len(t, rows, 2)
+
+	// Drop column b.
+	tk.MustExec("alter table t drop column b")
+	// Get table ID.
+	is := dom.InfoSchema()
+	tbl, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	columns, err := h.GetPredicateColumns(tbl.Meta().ID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	// FIXME: cleanup predicate columns.
+	require.Len(t, columns, 2)
+}