diff --git a/pkg/ddl/partition.go b/pkg/ddl/partition.go
index 87a1f7b0b4f64..55ef0d59b624c 100644
--- a/pkg/ddl/partition.go
+++ b/pkg/ddl/partition.go
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/dbterror"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/hack"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/mathutil"
-	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/mock"
 	decoder "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/rowDecoder"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/slice"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/stringutil"
@@ -4259,9 +4258,7 @@ func (cns columnNameSlice) At(i int) string {
 }
 
 func isPartExprUnsigned(ectx expression.EvalContext, tbInfo *model.TableInfo) bool {
-	// We should not rely on any configuration, system or session variables, so use a mock ctx!
-	// Same as in tables.newPartitionExpr
-	ctx := mock.NewContext()
+	ctx := tables.NewPartitionExprBuildCtx()
 	expr, err := expression.ParseSimpleExpr(ctx, tbInfo.Partition.Expr, expression.WithTableInfo("", tbInfo))
 	if err != nil {
 		logutil.DDLLogger().Error("isPartExpr failed parsing expression!", zap.Error(err))
diff --git a/pkg/table/tables/BUILD.bazel b/pkg/table/tables/BUILD.bazel
index 45ecf0d557ded..c0c5c70ebc5fd 100644
--- a/pkg/table/tables/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/pkg/table/tables/BUILD.bazel
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/errno",
         "//pkg/expression",
         "//pkg/expression/context",
+        "//pkg/expression/contextstatic",
         "//pkg/kv",
         "//pkg/meta",
         "//pkg/meta/autoid",
@@ -43,7 +44,6 @@ go_library(
         "//pkg/util/generatedexpr",
         "//pkg/util/hack",
         "//pkg/util/logutil",
-        "//pkg/util/mock",
         "//pkg/util/ranger",
         "//pkg/util/rowcodec",
         "//pkg/util/sqlexec",
diff --git a/pkg/table/tables/partition.go b/pkg/table/tables/partition.go
index 0525258813866..918407c0061d9 100644
--- a/pkg/table/tables/partition.go
+++ b/pkg/table/tables/partition.go
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pingcap/errors"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/errctx"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/expression"
+	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/expression/contextstatic"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/kv"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser/ast"
@@ -44,7 +45,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/dbterror"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/hack"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/logutil"
-	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/mock"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/ranger"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/stringutil"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -238,10 +238,30 @@ func initPartition(t *partitionedTable, def model.PartitionDefinition) (*partiti
 	return &newPart, nil
 }
 
+// NewPartitionExprBuildCtx returns a context to build partition expression.
+func NewPartitionExprBuildCtx() expression.BuildContext {
+	return contextstatic.NewStaticExprContext(
+		contextstatic.WithEvalCtx(contextstatic.NewStaticEvalContext(
+			// Set a non-strict SQL mode and allow all date values if possible to make sure constant fold can work to
+			// estimate some undetermined result when locating a row to a partition.
+			// See issue: https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/54271 for details.
+			contextstatic.WithSQLMode(mysql.ModeAllowInvalidDates),
+			contextstatic.WithTypeFlags(types.StrictFlags.
+				WithIgnoreTruncateErr(true).
+				WithIgnoreZeroDateErr(true).
+				WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true).
+				WithIgnoreInvalidDateErr(true),
+			),
+			contextstatic.WithErrLevelMap(errctx.LevelMap{
+				errctx.ErrGroupTruncate: errctx.LevelIgnore,
+			}),
+		)),
+	)
+}
+
 func newPartitionExpr(tblInfo *model.TableInfo, tp model.PartitionType, expr string, partCols []model.CIStr, defs []model.PartitionDefinition) (*PartitionExpr, error) {
-	// a partitioned table cannot rely on session context/sql modes, so use a default one!
-	ctx := mock.NewContext()
-	dbName := model.NewCIStr(ctx.GetSessionVars().CurrentDB)
+	ctx := NewPartitionExprBuildCtx()
+	dbName := model.NewCIStr(ctx.GetEvalCtx().CurrentDB())
 	columns, names, err := expression.ColumnInfos2ColumnsAndNames(ctx, dbName, tblInfo.Name, tblInfo.Cols(), tblInfo)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/tests/integrationtest/r/table/partition.result b/tests/integrationtest/r/table/partition.result
index dd0e89f64c8cc..35e13c1a5a2fe 100644
--- a/tests/integrationtest/r/table/partition.result
+++ b/tests/integrationtest/r/table/partition.result
@@ -569,3 +569,20 @@ a
 -1
 0
 1
+set @@sql_mode='allow_invalid_dates';
+create table t_54271(a datetime primary key) partition by range columns(a) (
+partition p0 values less than ('2020-02-31 00:00:00'),
+partition p1 values less than (MAXVALUE)
+);
+insert into t_54271 values('2020-03-01 00:00:00');
+set @@sql_mode='';
+insert into t_54271 values('2020-03-01 00:00:00');
+Error 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '2020-03-01 00:00:00' for key 't_54271.PRIMARY'
+select * from t_54271;
+a
+2020-03-01 00:00:00
+select * from t_54271 partition (p0);
+a
+select * from t_54271 partition (p1);
+a
+2020-03-01 00:00:00
diff --git a/tests/integrationtest/t/table/partition.test b/tests/integrationtest/t/table/partition.test
index a0117b376c973..2856d0d303318 100644
--- a/tests/integrationtest/t/table/partition.test
+++ b/tests/integrationtest/t/table/partition.test
@@ -430,3 +430,17 @@ alter table t partition by range(a) (partition p0 values less than (0), partitio
 alter table t remove partitioning;
 select * from t;
 
+# Issue #54271
+set @@sql_mode='allow_invalid_dates';
+create table t_54271(a datetime primary key) partition by range columns(a) (
+    partition p0 values less than ('2020-02-31 00:00:00'),
+    partition p1 values less than (MAXVALUE)
+);
+insert into t_54271 values('2020-03-01 00:00:00');
+set @@sql_mode='';
+--error 1062
+insert into t_54271 values('2020-03-01 00:00:00');
+select * from t_54271;
+select * from t_54271 partition (p0);
+select * from t_54271 partition (p1);
+