[libbeat] Add unit tests for libbeat's client proxy settings (elastic…

…#12044)

These tests set up server listeners and create libbeat clients with varying proxy settings, and verify that the clients ping the correct target URL.

This is a preparation for elastic#11713, since most of the logic (and work) is in testing the proxy settings; the much simpler PR adding the proxy-disable flag will be a followup to this one, to keep the functional changes isolated in case of rollbacks etc.

libbeat/outputs/elasticsearch/client_proxy_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+// Licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one or more contributor
+// license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+// this work for additional information regarding copyright
+// ownership. Elasticsearch B.V. licenses this file to you under
+// the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+// not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+// This file contains tests to confirm that elasticsearch.Client uses proxy
+// settings following the intended precedence.
+
+package elasticsearch
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/elastic/beats/libbeat/common/atomic"
+	"github.com/elastic/beats/libbeat/outputs/outil"
+)
+
+// These constants are inserted into client http request headers and confirmed
+// by the server listeners.
+const (
+	headerTestField = "X-Test-Value"
+	headerTestValue = "client_proxy_test test value"
+)
+
+// TestClientPing is a placeholder test that does nothing on a standard run,
+// but starts up a client and sends a ping when the environment variable
+// TEST_START_CLIENT is set to 1 as in execClient).
+func TestClientPing(t *testing.T) {
+	// If this is the child process, start up the client, otherwise do nothing.
+	if os.Getenv("TEST_START_CLIENT") == "1" {
+		doClientPing(t)
+		return
+	}
+}
+
+// TestBaseline makes sure we can have a client process ping the server that
+// we start, with no changes to the proxy settings. (This is really a
+// meta-test for the helpers that create the servers / client.)
+func TestBaseline(t *testing.T) {
+	servers, teardown := startServers(t)
+	defer teardown()
+
+	// Start a bare client with no proxy settings, pointed at the main server.
+	execClient(t, "TEST_SERVER_URL="+servers.serverURL)
+	// We expect one server request and 0 proxy requests
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, servers.serverRequestCount())
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, servers.proxyRequestCount())
+}
+
+// TestClientSettingsProxy confirms that we can control the proxy of a client
+// by setting its ClientSettings.Proxy value on creation. (The child process
+// uses the TEST_PROXY_URL environment variable to initialize the flag.)
+func TestClientSettingsProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	servers, teardown := startServers(t)
+	defer teardown()
+
+	// Start a client with ClientSettings.Proxy set to the proxy listener.
+	execClient(t,
+		"TEST_SERVER_URL="+servers.serverURL,
+		"TEST_PROXY_URL="+servers.proxyURL)
+	// We expect one proxy request and 0 server requests
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, servers.serverRequestCount())
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, servers.proxyRequestCount())
+}
+
+// TestEnvironmentProxy confirms that we can control the proxy of a client by
+// setting the HTTP_PROXY environment variable (see
+// https://golang.org/pkg/net/http/#ProxyFromEnvironment).
+func TestEnvironmentProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	servers, teardown := startServers(t)
+	defer teardown()
+
+	// Start a client with HTTP_PROXY set to the proxy listener.
+	// The server is set to a nonexistent URL because ProxyFromEnvironment
+	// always returns a nil proxy for local destination URLs.
+	execClient(t,
+		"TEST_SERVER_URL=http://fakeurl.fake.not-real",
+		"HTTP_PROXY="+servers.proxyURL)
+	// We expect one proxy request and 0 server requests
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, servers.serverRequestCount())
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, servers.proxyRequestCount())
+}
+
+// TestClientSettingsOverrideEnvironmentProxy confirms that when both
+// ClientSettings.Proxy and HTTP_PROXY are set, ClientSettings takes precedence.
+func TestClientSettingsOverrideEnvironmentProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	servers, teardown := startServers(t)
+	defer teardown()
+
+	// Start a client with ClientSettings.Proxy set to the proxy listener and
+	// HTTP_PROXY set to the server listener. We expect that the former will
+	// override the latter and thus we will only see a ping to the proxy.
+	// As above, the fake URL is needed to ensure ProxyFromEnvironment gives a
+	// non-nil result.
+	execClient(t,
+		"TEST_SERVER_URL=http://fakeurl.fake.not-real",
+		"TEST_PROXY_URL="+servers.proxyURL,
+		"HTTP_PROXY="+servers.serverURL)
+	// We expect one proxy request and 0 server requests
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, servers.serverRequestCount())
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, servers.proxyRequestCount())
+}
+
+// runClientTest executes the current test binary as a child process,
+// running only the TestClientPing, and calling it with the environment variable
+// TEST_START_CLIENT=1 (so the test can recognize that it is the child process),
+// and any additional environment settings specified in env.
+// This is helpful for testing proxy settings, since we need to have both a
+// proxy / server-side listener and a client that communicates with the server
+// using various proxy settings.
+func execClient(t *testing.T, env ...string) {
+	// The child process always runs only the TestClientPing test, which pings
+	// the server at TEST_SERVER_URL and then terminates.
+	cmd := exec.Command(os.Args[0], "-test.run=TestClientPing")
+	cmd.Env = append(append(os.Environ(),
+		"TEST_START_CLIENT=1"),
+		env...)
+	cmdOutput := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	cmd.Stderr = cmdOutput
+	cmd.Stdout = cmdOutput
+
+	err := cmd.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("Error executing client:\n" + cmdOutput.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func doClientPing(t *testing.T) {
+	serverURL := os.Getenv("TEST_SERVER_URL")
+	require.NotEqual(t, serverURL, "")
+	proxy := os.Getenv("TEST_PROXY_URL")
+	clientSettings := ClientSettings{
+		URL:     serverURL,
+		Index:   outil.MakeSelector(outil.ConstSelectorExpr("test")),
+		Headers: map[string]string{headerTestField: headerTestValue},
+	}
+	if proxy != "" {
+		proxyURL, err := url.Parse(proxy)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		clientSettings.Proxy = proxyURL
+	}
+	client, err := NewClient(clientSettings, nil)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// This ping won't succeed; we aren't testing end-to-end communication
+	// (which would require a lot more setup work), we just want to make sure
+	// the client is pointed at the right server or proxy.
+	client.Ping()
+}
+
+// serverState contains the state of the http listeners for proxy tests,
+// including the endpoint URLs and the observed request count for each one.
+type serverState struct {
+	serverURL string
+	proxyURL  string
+
+	_serverRequestCount atomic.Int // Requests directly to the server
+	_proxyRequestCount  atomic.Int // Requests via the proxy
+}
+
+// Convenience functions to unwrap the atomic primitives
+func (s serverState) serverRequestCount() int {
+	return s._serverRequestCount.Load()
+}
+
+func (s serverState) proxyRequestCount() int {
+	return s._proxyRequestCount.Load()
+}
+
+// startServers starts endpoints representing a backend server and a proxy,
+// and returns the corresponding serverState and a teardown function that
+// should be called to shut them down at the end of the test.
+func startServers(t *testing.T) (*serverState, func()) {
+	state := serverState{}
+	server := httptest.NewServer(
+		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			assert.Equal(t, headerTestValue, r.Header.Get(headerTestField))
+			fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, client")
+			state._serverRequestCount.Inc()
+		}))
+	proxy := httptest.NewServer(
+		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			assert.Equal(t, headerTestValue, r.Header.Get(headerTestField))
+			fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, client")
+			state._proxyRequestCount.Inc()
+		}))
+	state.serverURL = server.URL
+	state.proxyURL = proxy.URL
+	return &state, func() {
+		server.Close()
+		proxy.Close()
+	}
+}