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EIP 1108: Reduce alt_bn128 precompile gas costs (openethereum#11008)
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* feat: implement eip1108

* doc nit: price per point pair

Co-Authored-By: David <[email protected]>

* fix: test-build

* fix: update chain specs

* fix: basic_authority.json chain spec

* fix: change `eip_transition == 0x7fffffffffffff`

* add issue link to `TODO`
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@niklasad1 @sorpaas
niklasad1 authored and sorpaas committed Sep 2, 2019
1 parent 05f9606 commit a9cb572
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Showing 38 changed files with 1,107 additions and 224 deletions.
1 change: 0 additions & 1 deletion ethcore/builtin/Cargo.toml
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ parity-crypto = "0.4.0"

[dev-dependencies]
rustc-hex = "1.0"

158 changes: 127 additions & 31 deletions ethcore/builtin/src/lib.rs
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -38,9 +38,10 @@ trait Implementation: Send + Sync {
}

/// A gas pricing scheme for built-in contracts.
// TODO: refactor this trait, see https://github.com/paritytech/parity-ethereum/issues/11014
trait Pricer: Send + Sync {
/// The gas cost of running this built-in for the given input data.
fn cost(&self, input: &[u8]) -> U256;
/// The gas cost of running this built-in for the given input data at block number `at`
fn cost(&self, input: &[u8], at: u64) -> U256;
}

/// A linear pricing model. This computes a price using a base cost and a cost per-word.
Expand All @@ -55,26 +56,56 @@ struct ModexpPricer {
}

impl Pricer for Linear {
fn cost(&self, input: &[u8]) -> U256 {
fn cost(&self, input: &[u8], _at: u64) -> U256 {
U256::from(self.base) + U256::from(self.word) * U256::from((input.len() + 31) / 32)
}
}

/// A alt_bn128_parinig pricing model. This computes a price using a base cost and a cost per pair.
struct AltBn128PairingPricer {
/// alt_bn128 constant operations (add and mul) pricing model.
struct AltBn128ConstOperations {
price: usize,
eip1108_transition_at: u64,
eip1108_transition_price: usize,
}

impl Pricer for AltBn128ConstOperations {
fn cost(&self, _input: &[u8], at: u64) -> U256 {
if at >= self.eip1108_transition_at {
self.eip1108_transition_price.into()
} else {
self.price.into()
}
}
}

/// alt_bn128 pairing price
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
struct AltBn128PairingPrice {
base: usize,
pair: usize,
}

/// alt_bn128_pairing pricing model. This computes a price using a base cost and a cost per pair.
struct AltBn128PairingPricer {
price: AltBn128PairingPrice,
eip1108_transition_at: u64,
eip1108_transition_price: AltBn128PairingPrice,
}

impl Pricer for AltBn128PairingPricer {
fn cost(&self, input: &[u8]) -> U256 {
let cost = U256::from(self.base) + U256::from(self.pair) * U256::from(input.len() / 192);
cost
fn cost(&self, input: &[u8], at: u64) -> U256 {
let price = if at >= self.eip1108_transition_at {
self.eip1108_transition_price
} else {
self.price
};

U256::from(price.base) + U256::from(price.pair) * U256::from(input.len() / 192)
}
}

impl Pricer for ModexpPricer {
fn cost(&self, input: &[u8]) -> U256 {
fn cost(&self, input: &[u8], _at: u64) -> U256 {
let mut reader = input.chain(io::repeat(0));
let mut buf = [0; 32];

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -150,8 +181,8 @@ pub struct Builtin {

impl Builtin {
/// Simple forwarder for cost.
pub fn cost(&self, input: &[u8]) -> U256 {
self.pricer.cost(input)
pub fn cost(&self, input: &[u8], at: u64) -> U256 {
self.pricer.cost(input, at)
}

/// Simple forwarder for execute.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -186,16 +217,30 @@ impl From<ethjson::spec::Builtin> for Builtin {
}
ethjson::spec::Pricing::AltBn128Pairing(pricer) => {
Box::new(AltBn128PairingPricer {
base: pricer.base,
pair: pricer.pair,
price: AltBn128PairingPrice {
base: pricer.base,
pair: pricer.pair,
},
eip1108_transition_at: b.eip1108_transition.map_or(u64::max_value(), Into::into),
eip1108_transition_price: AltBn128PairingPrice {
base: pricer.eip1108_transition_base,
pair: pricer.eip1108_transition_pair,
},
})
}
ethjson::spec::Pricing::AltBn128ConstOperations(pricer) => {
Box::new(AltBn128ConstOperations {
price: pricer.price,
eip1108_transition_price: pricer.eip1108_transition_price,
eip1108_transition_at: b.eip1108_transition.map_or(u64::max_value(), Into::into)
})
}
};

Builtin {
pricer: pricer,
pricer,
native: ethereum_builtin(&b.name),
activate_at: b.activate_at.map(Into::into).unwrap_or(0),
activate_at: b.activate_at.map_or(0, Into::into),
}
}
}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -477,7 +522,7 @@ impl Implementation for Bn128Pairing {
/// - any of even points does not belong to the twisted bn128 curve over the field F_p^2 = F_p[i] / (i^2 + 1)
fn execute(&self, input: &[u8], output: &mut BytesRef) -> Result<(), &'static str> {
if input.len() % 192 != 0 {
return Err("Invalid input length, must be multiple of 192 (3 * (32*2))".into())
return Err("Invalid input length, must be multiple of 192 (3 * (32*2))")
}

if let Err(err) = self.execute_with_error(input, output) {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -551,7 +596,7 @@ impl Bn128Pairing {
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use ethereum_types::U256;
use ethjson;
use ethjson::uint::Uint;
use num::{BigUint, Zero, One};
use parity_bytes::BytesRef;
use rustc_hex::FromHex;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -715,7 +760,7 @@ mod tests {
{
let input = FromHex::from_hex("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003b27bafd00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000503c8ac3").unwrap();
let expected_cost = U256::max_value();
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..]), expected_cost.into());
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..], 0), expected_cost.into());
}

// test for potential exp len overflow
Expand All @@ -732,7 +777,7 @@ mod tests {

f.execute(&input[..], &mut BytesRef::Fixed(&mut output[..])).expect("Builtin should fail");
assert_eq!(output, expected);
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..]), expected_cost.into());
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..], 0), expected_cost.into());
}

// fermat's little theorem example.
Expand All @@ -752,7 +797,7 @@ mod tests {

f.execute(&input[..], &mut BytesRef::Fixed(&mut output[..])).expect("Builtin should not fail");
assert_eq!(output, expected);
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..]), expected_cost.into());
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..], 0), expected_cost.into());
}

// second example from EIP: zero base.
Expand All @@ -771,7 +816,7 @@ mod tests {

f.execute(&input[..], &mut BytesRef::Fixed(&mut output[..])).expect("Builtin should not fail");
assert_eq!(output, expected);
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..]), expected_cost.into());
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..], 0), expected_cost.into());
}

// another example from EIP: zero-padding
Expand All @@ -791,7 +836,7 @@ mod tests {

f.execute(&input[..], &mut BytesRef::Fixed(&mut output[..])).expect("Builtin should not fail");
assert_eq!(output, expected);
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..]), expected_cost.into());
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..], 0), expected_cost.into());
}

// zero-length modulus.
Expand All @@ -809,7 +854,7 @@ mod tests {

f.execute(&input[..], &mut BytesRef::Flexible(&mut output)).expect("Builtin should not fail");
assert_eq!(output.len(), 0); // shouldn't have written any output.
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..]), expected_cost.into());
assert_eq!(f.cost(&input[..], 0), expected_cost.into());
}
}

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1019,10 +1064,10 @@ mod tests {
activate_at: 1,
};

assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 0]), U256::from(10));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 1]), U256::from(30));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 32]), U256::from(30));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 33]), U256::from(50));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 0], 0), U256::from(10));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 1], 0), U256::from(30));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 32], 0), U256::from(30));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 33], 0), U256::from(50));

let i = [0u8, 1, 2, 3];
let mut o = [255u8; 4];
Expand All @@ -1039,16 +1084,67 @@ mod tests {
word: 20,
}),
activate_at: None,
eip1108_transition: None,
});

assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 0]), U256::from(10));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 1]), U256::from(30));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 32]), U256::from(30));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 33]), U256::from(50));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 0], 0), U256::from(10));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 1], 0), U256::from(30));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 32], 0), U256::from(30));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 33], 0), U256::from(50));

let i = [0u8, 1, 2, 3];
let mut o = [255u8; 4];
b.execute(&i[..], &mut BytesRef::Fixed(&mut o[..])).expect("Builtin should not fail");
assert_eq!(i, o);
}

#[test]
fn bn128_pairing_eip1108_transition() {
let b = Builtin::from(ethjson::spec::Builtin {
name: "alt_bn128_pairing".to_owned(),
pricing: ethjson::spec::Pricing::AltBn128Pairing(ethjson::spec::builtin::AltBn128Pairing {
base: 100_000,
pair: 80_000,
eip1108_transition_base: 45_000,
eip1108_transition_pair: 34_000,
}),
activate_at: Some(Uint(U256::from(10))),
eip1108_transition: Some(Uint(U256::from(20))),
});

assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 192 * 3], 10), U256::from(340_000), "80 000 * 3 + 100 000 == 340 000");
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 192 * 7], 20), U256::from(283_000), "34 000 * 7 + 45 000 == 283 000");
}

#[test]
fn bn128_add_eip1108_transition() {
let b = Builtin::from(ethjson::spec::Builtin {
name: "alt_bn128_add".to_owned(),
pricing: ethjson::spec::Pricing::AltBn128ConstOperations(ethjson::spec::builtin::AltBn128ConstOperations {
price: 500,
eip1108_transition_price: 150,
}),
activate_at: Some(Uint(U256::from(10))),
eip1108_transition: Some(Uint(U256::from(20))),
});

assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 192], 10), U256::from(500));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 10], 20), U256::from(150), "after istanbul hardfork gas cost for add should be 150");
}

#[test]
fn bn128_mul_eip1108_transition() {
let b = Builtin::from(ethjson::spec::Builtin {
name: "alt_bn128_mul".to_owned(),
pricing: ethjson::spec::Pricing::AltBn128ConstOperations(ethjson::spec::builtin::AltBn128ConstOperations {
price: 40_000,
eip1108_transition_price: 6000,
}),
activate_at: Some(Uint(U256::from(10))),
eip1108_transition: Some(Uint(U256::from(20))),
});

assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 192], 10), U256::from(40_000));
assert_eq!(b.cost(&[0; 10], 20), U256::from(6_000), "after istanbul hardfork gas cost for mul should be 6 000");
}
}
47 changes: 44 additions & 3 deletions ethcore/engines/basic-authority/res/basic_authority.json
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -38,9 +38,50 @@
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000003": { "balance": "1", "nonce": "1048576", "builtin": { "name": "ripemd160", "pricing": { "linear": { "base": 600, "word": 120 } } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000004": { "balance": "1", "nonce": "1048576", "builtin": { "name": "identity", "pricing": { "linear": { "base": 15, "word": 3 } } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000005": { "balance": "1", "builtin": { "name": "modexp", "activate_at": 0, "pricing": { "modexp": { "divisor": 20 } } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000006": { "balance": "1", "builtin": { "name": "alt_bn128_add", "activate_at": 0, "pricing": { "linear": { "base": 500, "word": 0 } } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000007": { "balance": "1", "builtin": { "name": "alt_bn128_mul", "activate_at": 0, "pricing": { "linear": { "base": 40000, "word": 0 } } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000008": { "balance": "1", "builtin": { "name": "alt_bn128_pairing", "activate_at": 0, "pricing": { "alt_bn128_pairing": { "base": 100000, "pair": 80000 } } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000006": {
"balance": "1",
"builtin": {
"name": "alt_bn128_add",
"activate_at": "0x0",
"eip1108_transition": "0x7fffffffffffff",
"pricing": {
"alt_bn128_const_operations": {
"price": 500,
"eip1108_transition_price": 150
}
}
}
},
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000007": {
"balance": "1",
"builtin": {
"name": "alt_bn128_mul",
"activate_at": "0x0",
"eip1108_transition": "0x7fffffffffffff",
"pricing": {
"alt_bn128_const_operations": {
"price": 40000,
"eip1108_transition_price": 6000
}
}
}
},
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000008": {
"balance": "1",
"builtin": {
"name": "alt_bn128_pairing",
"activate_at": "0x0",
"eip1108_transition": "0x7fffffffffffff",
"pricing": {
"alt_bn128_pairing": {
"base": 100000,
"pair": 80000,
"eip1108_transition_base": 45000,
"eip1108_transition_pair": 34000
}
}
}
},
"9cce34f7ab185c7aba1b7c8140d620b4bda941d6": { "balance": "1606938044258990275541962092341162602522202993782792835301376", "nonce": "1048576" }
}
}
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions ethcore/machine/Cargo.toml
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ trie-vm-factories = { path = "../trie-vm-factories" }
vm = { path = "../vm" }

[dev-dependencies]
common-types = { path = "../types", features = ["test-helpers"] }
ethcore = { path = "../", features = ["test-helpers"] }
ethcore-io = { path = "../../util/io" }
ethjson = { path = "../../json" }
Expand Down
3 changes: 2 additions & 1 deletion ethcore/machine/src/executive.rs
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -412,7 +412,8 @@ impl<'a> CallCreateExecutive<'a> {
let default = [];
let data = if let Some(ref d) = params.data { d as &[u8] } else { &default as &[u8] };

let cost = builtin.cost(data);
// NOTE(niklasad1): block number is used by `builtin alt_bn128 ops` to enable eip1108
let cost = builtin.cost(data, self.info.number);
if cost <= params.gas {
let mut builtin_out_buffer = Vec::new();
let result = {
Expand Down
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