diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/mapper/KNNVectorFieldMapper.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/mapper/KNNVectorFieldMapper.java
index 69cdbfcd72..b489f89862 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/mapper/KNNVectorFieldMapper.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/mapper/KNNVectorFieldMapper.java
@@ -562,7 +562,8 @@ protected void parseCreateField(ParseContext context) throws IOException {
             context,
             fieldType().getDimension(),
             fieldType().getSpaceType(),
-            getMethodComponentContext(fieldType().getKnnMethodContext())
+            getMethodComponentContext(fieldType().getKnnMethodContext()),
+            fieldType().getVectorDataType()
         );
     }
 
@@ -605,7 +606,7 @@ protected List<Field> getFieldsForByteVector(final byte[] array, final FieldType
         return fields;
     }
 
-    protected void parseCreateField(ParseContext context, int dimension, SpaceType spaceType, MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext)
+    protected void parseCreateField(ParseContext context, int dimension, SpaceType spaceType, MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext, VectorDataType vectorDataType)
         throws IOException {
 
         validateIfKNNPluginEnabled();
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/mapper/ModelFieldMapper.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/mapper/ModelFieldMapper.java
index 5548712790..2327a8c3b7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/mapper/ModelFieldMapper.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/mapper/ModelFieldMapper.java
@@ -62,6 +62,6 @@ protected void parseCreateField(ParseContext context) throws IOException {
             );
         }
 
-        parseCreateField(context, modelMetadata.getDimension(), modelMetadata.getSpaceType(), modelMetadata.getMethodComponentContext());
+        parseCreateField(context, modelMetadata.getDimension(), modelMetadata.getSpaceType(), modelMetadata.getMethodComponentContext(), modelMetadata.getVectorDataType());
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/indices/ModelDao.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/indices/ModelDao.java
index 0bc6c5edbb..37edcd3aef 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/indices/ModelDao.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/indices/ModelDao.java
@@ -292,6 +292,7 @@ private void putInternal(Model model, ActionListener<IndexResponse> listener, Do
                     put(KNNConstants.MODEL_DESCRIPTION, modelMetadata.getDescription());
                     put(KNNConstants.MODEL_ERROR, modelMetadata.getError());
                     put(KNNConstants.MODEL_NODE_ASSIGNMENT, modelMetadata.getNodeAssignment());
+                    put(KNNConstants.VECTOR_DATA_TYPE_FIELD, modelMetadata.getVectorDataType());
 
                     MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext = modelMetadata.getMethodComponentContext();
                     if (!methodComponentContext.getName().isEmpty()) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/indices/ModelMetadata.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/indices/ModelMetadata.java
index f3a5506cdb..1498987fd6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/indices/ModelMetadata.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/indices/ModelMetadata.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.IndexUtil;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.MethodComponentContext;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.SpaceType;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.VectorDataType;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.util.KNNEngine;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ public class ModelMetadata implements Writeable, ToXContentObject {
     final private String timestamp;
     final private String description;
     final private String trainingNodeAssignment;
+    final private VectorDataType vectorDataType;
     private MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext;
     private String error;
 
@@ -81,6 +83,12 @@ public ModelMetadata(StreamInput in) throws IOException {
         } else {
             this.methodComponentContext = MethodComponentContext.EMPTY;
         }
+
+        if (IndexUtil.isVersionOnOrAfterMinRequiredVersion(in.getVersion(), IndexUtil.MODEL_DATA_TYPE)) {
+            this.vectorDataType = VectorDataType.get(in.readOptionalString());
+        } else {
+            this.vectorDataType = VectorDataType.FLOAT;
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -105,7 +113,8 @@ public ModelMetadata(
         String description,
         String error,
         String trainingNodeAssignment,
-        MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext
+        MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext,
+        VectorDataType vectorDataType
     ) {
         this.knnEngine = Objects.requireNonNull(knnEngine, "knnEngine must not be null");
         this.spaceType = Objects.requireNonNull(spaceType, "spaceType must not be null");
@@ -128,6 +137,7 @@ public ModelMetadata(
         this.error = Objects.requireNonNull(error, "error must not be null");
         this.trainingNodeAssignment = Objects.requireNonNull(trainingNodeAssignment, "node assignment must not be null");
         this.methodComponentContext = Objects.requireNonNull(methodComponentContext, "method context must not be null");
+        this.vectorDataType = Objects.requireNonNull(vectorDataType, "vector data type must not be null");
     }
 
     /**
@@ -211,6 +221,10 @@ public MethodComponentContext getMethodComponentContext() {
         return methodComponentContext;
     }
 
+    public VectorDataType getVectorDataType() {
+        return vectorDataType;
+    }
+
     /**
      * setter for model's state
      *
@@ -241,7 +255,8 @@ public String toString() {
             description,
             error,
             trainingNodeAssignment,
-            methodComponentContext.toClusterStateString()
+            methodComponentContext.toClusterStateString(),
+            vectorDataType.getValue()
         );
     }
 
@@ -259,6 +274,7 @@ public boolean equals(Object obj) {
         equalsBuilder.append(getTimestamp(), other.getTimestamp());
         equalsBuilder.append(getDescription(), other.getDescription());
         equalsBuilder.append(getError(), other.getError());
+        equalsBuilder.append(getVectorDataType(), other.getVectorDataType());
 
         return equalsBuilder.isEquals();
     }
@@ -273,6 +289,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
             .append(getDescription())
             .append(getError())
             .append(getMethodComponentContext())
+            .append(getVectorDataType())
             .toHashCode();
     }
 
@@ -288,7 +305,7 @@ public static ModelMetadata fromString(String modelMetadataString) {
         // Training node assignment was added as a field in Version 2.12.0
         // Because models can be created on older versions and the cluster can be upgraded after,
         // we need to accept model metadata arrays both with and without the training node assignment.
-        if (modelMetadataArray.length == 7) {
+        if (modelMetadataArray.length == 8) {
             log.debug(
                 "Model metadata array does not contain training node assignment or method component context. Assuming empty string node assignment and empty method component context."
             );
@@ -299,6 +316,7 @@ public static ModelMetadata fromString(String modelMetadataString) {
             String timestamp = modelMetadataArray[4];
             String description = modelMetadataArray[5];
             String error = modelMetadataArray[6];
+            VectorDataType vectorDataType = VectorDataType.get(modelMetadataArray[9]);
             return new ModelMetadata(
                 knnEngine,
                 spaceType,
@@ -308,9 +326,10 @@ public static ModelMetadata fromString(String modelMetadataString) {
                 description,
                 error,
                 "",
-                MethodComponentContext.EMPTY
+                MethodComponentContext.EMPTY,
+                vectorDataType
             );
-        } else if (modelMetadataArray.length == 8) {
+        } else if (modelMetadataArray.length == 9) {
             log.debug("Model metadata contains training node assignment.  Assuming empty method component context.");
             KNNEngine knnEngine = KNNEngine.getEngine(modelMetadataArray[0]);
             SpaceType spaceType = SpaceType.getSpace(modelMetadataArray[1]);
@@ -320,6 +339,7 @@ public static ModelMetadata fromString(String modelMetadataString) {
             String description = modelMetadataArray[5];
             String error = modelMetadataArray[6];
             String trainingNodeAssignment = modelMetadataArray[7];
+            VectorDataType vectorDataType = VectorDataType.get(modelMetadataArray[10]);
             return new ModelMetadata(
                 knnEngine,
                 spaceType,
@@ -329,9 +349,10 @@ public static ModelMetadata fromString(String modelMetadataString) {
                 description,
                 error,
                 trainingNodeAssignment,
-                MethodComponentContext.EMPTY
+                MethodComponentContext.EMPTY,
+                vectorDataType
             );
-        } else if (modelMetadataArray.length == 9) {
+        } else if (modelMetadataArray.length == 10) {
             log.debug("Model metadata contains training node assignment and method context");
             KNNEngine knnEngine = KNNEngine.getEngine(modelMetadataArray[0]);
             SpaceType spaceType = SpaceType.getSpace(modelMetadataArray[1]);
@@ -342,6 +363,7 @@ public static ModelMetadata fromString(String modelMetadataString) {
             String error = modelMetadataArray[6];
             String trainingNodeAssignment = modelMetadataArray[7];
             MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext = MethodComponentContext.fromClusterStateString(modelMetadataArray[8]);
+            VectorDataType vectorDataType = VectorDataType.get(modelMetadataArray[9]);
             return new ModelMetadata(
                 knnEngine,
                 spaceType,
@@ -351,7 +373,8 @@ public static ModelMetadata fromString(String modelMetadataString) {
                 description,
                 error,
                 trainingNodeAssignment,
-                methodComponentContext
+                methodComponentContext,
+                vectorDataType
             );
         } else {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
@@ -387,6 +410,7 @@ public static ModelMetadata getMetadataFromSourceMap(final Map<String, Object> m
         Object error = modelSourceMap.get(KNNConstants.MODEL_ERROR);
         Object trainingNodeAssignment = modelSourceMap.get(KNNConstants.MODEL_NODE_ASSIGNMENT);
         Object methodComponentContext = modelSourceMap.get(KNNConstants.MODEL_METHOD_COMPONENT_CONTEXT);
+        Object vectorDataType = modelSourceMap.get(KNNConstants.VECTOR_DATA_TYPE_FIELD);
 
         if (trainingNodeAssignment == null) {
             trainingNodeAssignment = "";
@@ -416,7 +440,8 @@ public static ModelMetadata getMetadataFromSourceMap(final Map<String, Object> m
             objectToString(description),
             objectToString(error),
             objectToString(trainingNodeAssignment),
-            (MethodComponentContext) methodComponentContext
+            (MethodComponentContext) methodComponentContext,
+            VectorDataType.get(objectToString(vectorDataType))
         );
         return modelMetadata;
     }
@@ -436,6 +461,9 @@ public void writeTo(StreamOutput out) throws IOException {
         if (IndexUtil.isVersionOnOrAfterMinRequiredVersion(out.getVersion(), IndexUtil.MODEL_METHOD_COMPONENT_CONTEXT_KEY)) {
             getMethodComponentContext().writeTo(out);
         }
+        if (IndexUtil.isVersionOnOrAfterMinRequiredVersion(out.getVersion(), IndexUtil.MODEL_DATA_TYPE)) {
+            out.writeOptionalString(vectorDataType.getValue());
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -456,6 +484,9 @@ public XContentBuilder toXContent(XContentBuilder builder, Params params) throws
             getMethodComponentContext().toXContent(builder, params);
             builder.endObject();
         }
+        if (IndexUtil.isClusterOnOrAfterMinRequiredVersion(IndexUtil.MODEL_DATA_TYPE)) {
+            builder.field(KNNConstants.VECTOR_DATA_TYPE_FIELD, vectorDataType.getValue());
+        }
         return builder;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/rest/RestTrainModelHandler.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/rest/RestTrainModelHandler.java
index fb8ccc4cec..eec2540af9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/rest/RestTrainModelHandler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/rest/RestTrainModelHandler.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.index.mapper.NumberFieldMapper;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.KNNMethodContext;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.SpaceType;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.VectorDataType;
 import org.opensearch.knn.indices.ModelUtil;
 import org.opensearch.knn.plugin.KNNPlugin;
 import org.opensearch.knn.plugin.transport.TrainingJobRouterAction;
@@ -30,16 +31,7 @@
 import java.util.Locale;
 
 import static org.opensearch.core.xcontent.XContentParserUtils.ensureExpectedToken;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.DIMENSION;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.KNN_METHOD;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.MAX_VECTOR_COUNT_PARAMETER;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.MODELS;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.MODEL_DESCRIPTION;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.MODEL_ID;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.PREFERENCE_PARAMETER;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.SEARCH_SIZE_PARAMETER;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.TRAIN_FIELD_PARAMETER;
-import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.TRAIN_INDEX_PARAMETER;
+import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.*;
 
 /**
  * Rest Handler for model training api endpoint.
@@ -83,6 +75,7 @@ private TrainingModelRequest createTransportRequest(RestRequest restRequest) thr
         String trainingIndex = (String) DEFAULT_NOT_SET_OBJECT_VALUE;
         String trainingField = (String) DEFAULT_NOT_SET_OBJECT_VALUE;
         String description = (String) DEFAULT_NOT_SET_OBJECT_VALUE;
+        VectorDataType vectorDataType = (VectorDataType) DEFAULT_NOT_SET_OBJECT_VALUE;
 
         int dimension = DEFAULT_NOT_SET_INT_VALUE;
         int maximumVectorCount = DEFAULT_NOT_SET_INT_VALUE;
@@ -110,6 +103,8 @@ private TrainingModelRequest createTransportRequest(RestRequest restRequest) thr
             } else if (MODEL_DESCRIPTION.equals(fieldName) && ensureNotSet(fieldName, description)) {
                 description = parser.textOrNull();
                 ModelUtil.blockCommasInModelDescription(description);
+            } else if (VECTOR_DATA_TYPE_FIELD.equals(fieldName) && ensureNotSet(fieldName, vectorDataType)) {
+                vectorDataType = VectorDataType.get(parser.text());
             } else {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to parse token. \"" + fieldName + "\" is not a valid " + "parameter.");
             }
@@ -126,6 +121,10 @@ private TrainingModelRequest createTransportRequest(RestRequest restRequest) thr
             description = "";
         }
 
+        if (vectorDataType == DEFAULT_NOT_SET_OBJECT_VALUE) {
+            vectorDataType = VectorDataType.FLOAT;
+        }
+
         TrainingModelRequest trainingModelRequest = new TrainingModelRequest(
             modelId,
             knnMethodContext,
@@ -133,7 +132,8 @@ private TrainingModelRequest createTransportRequest(RestRequest restRequest) thr
             trainingIndex,
             trainingField,
             preferredNodeId,
-            description
+            description,
+            vectorDataType
         );
 
         if (maximumVectorCount != DEFAULT_NOT_SET_INT_VALUE) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/transport/TrainingModelRequest.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/transport/TrainingModelRequest.java
index 5f3913ac53..ebb286659d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/transport/TrainingModelRequest.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/transport/TrainingModelRequest.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.IndexUtil;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.KNNMethodContext;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.VectorDataType;
 import org.opensearch.knn.indices.ModelDao;
 import org.opensearch.knn.training.VectorSpaceInfo;
 
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ public class TrainingModelRequest extends ActionRequest {
     private final String trainingField;
     private final String preferredNodeId;
     private final String description;
+    private final VectorDataType vectorDataType;
 
     private int maximumVectorCount;
     private int searchSize;
@@ -65,7 +67,8 @@ public TrainingModelRequest(
         String trainingIndex,
         String trainingField,
         String preferredNodeId,
-        String description
+        String description,
+        VectorDataType vectorDataType
     ) {
         super();
         this.modelId = modelId;
@@ -75,6 +78,7 @@ public TrainingModelRequest(
         this.trainingField = trainingField;
         this.preferredNodeId = preferredNodeId;
         this.description = description;
+        this.vectorDataType = vectorDataType;
 
         // Set these as defaults initially. If call wants to override them, they can use the setters.
         this.maximumVectorCount = Integer.MAX_VALUE; // By default, get all vectors in the index
@@ -103,6 +107,7 @@ public TrainingModelRequest(StreamInput in) throws IOException {
         this.maximumVectorCount = in.readInt();
         this.searchSize = in.readInt();
         this.trainingDataSizeInKB = in.readInt();
+        this.vectorDataType = VectorDataType.get(in.readOptionalString());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -213,6 +218,10 @@ public int getSearchSize() {
         return searchSize;
     }
 
+    public VectorDataType getVectorDataType() {
+        return vectorDataType;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Setter for search size.
      *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/transport/TrainingModelTransportAction.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/transport/TrainingModelTransportAction.java
index 33b420e2c0..58ac41b313 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/transport/TrainingModelTransportAction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/plugin/transport/TrainingModelTransportAction.java
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ protected void doExecute(Task task, TrainingModelRequest request, ActionListener
             modelAnonymousEntryContext,
             request.getDimension(),
             request.getDescription(),
-            clusterService.localNode().getEphemeralId()
+            clusterService.localNode().getEphemeralId(),
+            request.getVectorDataType()
         );
 
         KNNCounter.TRAINING_REQUESTS.increment();
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/training/TrainingJob.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/training/TrainingJob.java
index 0486bec6fc..7db931b9c4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/training/TrainingJob.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/training/TrainingJob.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.KNNSettings;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.SpaceType;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.VectorDataType;
 import org.opensearch.knn.jni.JNIService;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.KNNMethodContext;
 import org.opensearch.knn.index.memory.NativeMemoryAllocation;
@@ -69,7 +70,8 @@ public TrainingJob(
         NativeMemoryEntryContext.AnonymousEntryContext modelAnonymousEntryContext,
         int dimension,
         String description,
-        String nodeAssignment
+        String nodeAssignment,
+        VectorDataType vectorDataType
     ) {
         // Generate random base64 string if one is not provided
         this.modelId = StringUtils.isNotBlank(modelId) ? modelId : UUIDs.randomBase64UUID();
@@ -87,7 +89,8 @@ public TrainingJob(
                 description,
                 "",
                 nodeAssignment,
-                knnMethodContext.getMethodComponentContext()
+                knnMethodContext.getMethodComponentContext(),
+                vectorDataType
             ),
             null,
             this.modelId