diff --git a/experimental/CHANGELOG.md b/experimental/CHANGELOG.md
index 8ac2ddd66c..328cc1e9f1 100644
--- a/experimental/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/experimental/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ All notable changes to experimental packages in this project will be documented
 
 ### :rocket: (Enhancement)
 
+* feature(prometheus-serialiser): export the unit block when unit is set in metric descriptor [#3066](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/3041) @weyert
+
 ### :bug: (Bug Fix)
 
 ### :books: (Refine Doc)
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/src/PrometheusSerializer.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/src/PrometheusSerializer.ts
index af6c624375..3c4c127d31 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/src/PrometheusSerializer.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/src/PrometheusSerializer.ts
@@ -211,6 +211,9 @@ export class PrometheusSerializer {
     const help = `# HELP ${name} ${escapeString(
       metricData.descriptor.description || 'description missing'
     )}`;
+    const unit = metricData.descriptor.unit ? `\n# UNIT ${name} ${escapeString(
+      metricData.descriptor.unit,
+    )}` : '';
     const type = `# TYPE ${name} ${toPrometheusType(
       metricData
     )}`;
@@ -235,7 +238,7 @@ export class PrometheusSerializer {
       }
     }
 
-    return `${help}\n${type}\n${results}`.trim();
+    return `${help}${unit}\n${type}\n${results}`.trim();
   }
 
   private _serializeSingularDataPoint(name: string, type: InstrumentType, dataPoint: DataPoint<number>): string {
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusSerializer.test.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusSerializer.test.ts
index befdf62443..b0fc47ce2d 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusSerializer.test.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusSerializer.test.ts
@@ -427,7 +427,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
   });
 
   describe('validate against metric conventions', () => {
-    async function getCounterResult(name: string, serializer: PrometheusSerializer) {
+
+    async function getCounterResult(name: string, serializer: PrometheusSerializer, options: Partial<{ unit: string, exportAll: boolean }> = {}) {
       const reader = new TestMetricReader();
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         views: [new View({ aggregation: new SumAggregation(), instrumentName: '*' })]
@@ -435,7 +436,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
       meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
       const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
-      const counter = meter.createCounter(name);
+      const { unit, exportAll = false } = options;
+      const counter = meter.createCounter(name, { unit: unit });
       counter.add(1);
 
       const { resourceMetrics, errors } = await reader.collect();
@@ -447,10 +449,41 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
       const pointData = metric.dataPoints as DataPoint<number>[];
       assert.strictEqual(pointData.length, 1);
 
-      const result = serializer['_serializeSingularDataPoint'](metric.descriptor.name, metric.descriptor.type, pointData[0]);
-      return result;
+      if (exportAll) {
+        const result = serializer.serialize(resourceMetrics);
+        return result;
+      } else {
+        const result = serializer['_serializeSingularDataPoint'](metric.descriptor.name, metric.descriptor.type, pointData[0]);
+        return result;
+      }
     }
 
+    it('should export unit block when unit of metric is given', async () => {
+      const serializer = new PrometheusSerializer();
+
+      const unitOfMetric = 'seconds';
+      const result = await getCounterResult('test', serializer, { unit: unitOfMetric, exportAll: true });
+      assert.strictEqual(
+        result,
+        '# HELP test_total description missing\n' +
+        `# UNIT test_total ${unitOfMetric}\n` +
+        '# TYPE test_total counter\n' +
+        `test_total 1 ${mockedHrTimeMs}\n`
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('should not export unit block when unit of metric is missing', async () => {
+      const serializer = new PrometheusSerializer();
+
+      const result = await getCounterResult('test', serializer, { exportAll: true });
+      assert.strictEqual(
+        result,
+        '# HELP test_total description missing\n' +
+        '# TYPE test_total counter\n' +
+        `test_total 1 ${mockedHrTimeMs}\n`
+      );
+    });
+
     it('should rename metric of type counter when name misses _total suffix', async () => {
       const serializer = new PrometheusSerializer();