diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 6ebf2fcb081..16cff070c06 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -12,11 +12,15 @@ This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.htm
 
 - Added `WithOSDescription` resource configuration option to set OS (Operating System) description resource attribute (`os.description`). (#1840)
 - Added `WithOS` resource configuration option to set all OS (Operating System) resource attributes at once. (#1840)
+- Added the `WithRetry` option to the `go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp` package.
+  This option is a replacement for the removed `WithMaxAttempts` and `WithBackoff` options. (#2095)
 - Added API `LinkFromContext` to return Link which encapsulates SpanContext from provided context and also encapsulates attributes. (#2115)
 
 ### Changed
 
 - The `SpanModels` function is now exported from the `go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/zipkin` package to convert OpenTelemetry spans into Zipkin model spans. (#2027)
+- Rename the `"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc".RetrySettings` to `RetryConfig`. (#2095)
+- Rename the `"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp".RetrySettings` to `RetryConfig`. (#2095)
 
 ### Deprecated
 
@@ -28,6 +32,8 @@ This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.htm
 - Removed the deprecated package `go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/trace/zipkin`. (#2020)
 - Removed the `"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource".WithBuiltinDetectors` function.
   The explicit `With*` options for every built-in detector should be used instead. (#2026 #2097)
+- Removed the `WithMaxAttempts` and `WithBackoff` options from the `go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp` package.
+  The retry logic of the package has been updated to match the `otlptracegrpc` package and accordingly a `WithRetry` option is added that should be used instead. (#2095)
 - Removed metrics test package `go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/export/metric/metrictest`. (#2105)
 
 ### Fixed
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/connection/connection.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/connection/connection.go
index 0c6f89fa47e..b2b94731fd6 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/connection/connection.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/connection/connection.go
@@ -16,14 +16,12 @@ package connection
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"math/rand"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
 
-	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
 	"google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc/errdetails"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
@@ -31,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/encoding/gzip"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry"
 
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"
@@ -48,6 +47,7 @@ type Connection struct {
 	// these fields are read-only after constructor is finished
 	cfg                  otlpconfig.Config
 	SCfg                 otlpconfig.SignalConfig
+	requestFunc          retry.RequestFunc
 	metadata             metadata.MD
 	newConnectionHandler func(cc *grpc.ClientConn)
 
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ func NewConnection(cfg otlpconfig.Config, sCfg otlpconfig.SignalConfig, handler
 	c := new(Connection)
 	c.newConnectionHandler = handler
 	c.cfg = cfg
+	c.requestFunc = cfg.RetryConfig.RequestFunc(evaluate)
 	c.SCfg = sCfg
 	if len(c.SCfg.Headers) > 0 {
 		c.metadata = metadata.New(c.SCfg.Headers)
@@ -287,88 +288,24 @@ func (c *Connection) ContextWithStop(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, cont
 }
 
 func (c *Connection) DoRequest(ctx context.Context, fn func(context.Context) error) error {
-	expBackoff := newExponentialBackoff(c.cfg.RetrySettings)
-
-	for {
+	ctx, cancel := c.ContextWithStop(ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+	return c.requestFunc(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		err := fn(ctx)
-		if err == nil {
-			// request succeeded.
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		if !c.cfg.RetrySettings.Enabled {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		// We have an error, check gRPC status code.
-		st := status.Convert(err)
-		if st.Code() == codes.OK {
-			// Not really an error, still success.
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		// Now, this is this a real error.
-
-		if !shouldRetry(st.Code()) {
-			// It is not a retryable error, we should not retry.
-			return err
-		}
-
-		// Need to retry.
-
-		throttle := getThrottleDuration(st)
-
-		backoffDelay := expBackoff.NextBackOff()
-		if backoffDelay == backoff.Stop {
-			// throw away the batch
-			err = fmt.Errorf("max elapsed time expired: %w", err)
-			return err
-		}
-
-		var delay time.Duration
-
-		if backoffDelay > throttle {
-			delay = backoffDelay
-		} else {
-			if expBackoff.GetElapsedTime()+throttle > expBackoff.MaxElapsedTime {
-				err = fmt.Errorf("max elapsed time expired when respecting server throttle: %w", err)
-				return err
-			}
-
-			// Respect server throttling.
-			delay = throttle
-		}
-
-		// back-off, but get interrupted when shutting down or request is cancelled or timed out.
-		err = func() error {
-			dt := time.NewTimer(delay)
-			defer dt.Stop()
-
-			select {
-			case <-ctx.Done():
-				return ctx.Err()
-			case <-c.stopCh:
-				return fmt.Errorf("interrupted due to shutdown: %w", err)
-			case <-dt.C:
-			}
-
+		// nil is converted to OK.
+		if status.Code(err) == codes.OK {
+			// Success.
 			return nil
-		}()
-
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
 		}
-
-	}
+		return err
+	})
 }
 
-func shouldRetry(code codes.Code) bool {
-	switch code {
-	case codes.OK:
-		// Success. This function should not be called for this code, the best we
-		// can do is tell the caller not to retry.
-		return false
-
+// evaluate returns if err is retry-able and a duration to wait for if an
+// explicit throttle time is included in err.
+func evaluate(err error) (bool, time.Duration) {
+	s := status.Convert(err)
+	switch s.Code() {
 	case codes.Canceled,
 		codes.DeadlineExceeded,
 		codes.ResourceExhausted,
@@ -376,54 +313,20 @@ func shouldRetry(code codes.Code) bool {
 		codes.OutOfRange,
 		codes.Unavailable,
 		codes.DataLoss:
-		// These are retryable errors.
-		return true
-
-	case codes.Unknown,
-		codes.InvalidArgument,
-		codes.Unauthenticated,
-		codes.PermissionDenied,
-		codes.NotFound,
-		codes.AlreadyExists,
-		codes.FailedPrecondition,
-		codes.Unimplemented,
-		codes.Internal:
-		// These are fatal errors, don't retry.
-		return false
-
-	default:
-		// Don't retry on unknown codes.
-		return false
+		return true, throttleDelay(s)
 	}
+
+	// Not a retry-able error.
+	return false, 0
 }
 
-func getThrottleDuration(status *status.Status) time.Duration {
-	// See if throttling information is available.
+// throttleDelay returns a duration to wait for if an explicit throttle time
+// is included in the response status.
+func throttleDelay(status *status.Status) time.Duration {
 	for _, detail := range status.Details() {
 		if t, ok := detail.(*errdetails.RetryInfo); ok {
-			if t.RetryDelay.Seconds > 0 || t.RetryDelay.Nanos > 0 {
-				// We are throttled. Wait before retrying as requested by the server.
-				return time.Duration(t.RetryDelay.Seconds)*time.Second + time.Duration(t.RetryDelay.Nanos)*time.Nanosecond
-			}
-			return 0
+			return t.RetryDelay.AsDuration()
 		}
 	}
 	return 0
 }
-
-func newExponentialBackoff(rs otlpconfig.RetrySettings) *backoff.ExponentialBackOff {
-	// Do not use NewExponentialBackOff since it calls Reset and the code here must
-	// call Reset after changing the InitialInterval (this saves an unnecessary call to Now).
-	expBackoff := &backoff.ExponentialBackOff{
-		InitialInterval:     rs.InitialInterval,
-		RandomizationFactor: backoff.DefaultRandomizationFactor,
-		Multiplier:          backoff.DefaultMultiplier,
-		MaxInterval:         rs.MaxInterval,
-		MaxElapsedTime:      rs.MaxElapsedTime,
-		Stop:                backoff.Stop,
-		Clock:               backoff.SystemClock,
-	}
-	expBackoff.Reset()
-
-	return expBackoff
-}
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/connection/connection_test.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/connection/connection_test.go
index 0b4ac2ff23b..3c2a18eb02b 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/connection/connection_test.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/connection/connection_test.go
@@ -15,76 +15,132 @@
 package connection
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry"
+
 	"google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc/errdetails"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
 )
 
-func TestGetThrottleDuration(t *testing.T) {
-	tts := []struct {
-		stsFn    func() (*status.Status, error)
-		throttle time.Duration
+func TestThrottleDuration(t *testing.T) {
+	c := codes.ResourceExhausted
+	testcases := []struct {
+		status   *status.Status
+		expected time.Duration
 	}{
 		{
-			stsFn: func() (*status.Status, error) {
-				return status.New(
-					codes.OK,
-					"status with no retry info",
-				), nil
-			},
-			throttle: 0,
+			status:   status.New(c, "no retry info"),
+			expected: 0,
 		},
 		{
-			stsFn: func() (*status.Status, error) {
-				st := status.New(codes.ResourceExhausted, "status with retry info")
-				return st.WithDetails(
-					&errdetails.RetryInfo{RetryDelay: durationpb.New(15 * time.Millisecond)},
+			status: func() *status.Status {
+				s, err := status.New(c, "single retry info").WithDetails(
+					&errdetails.RetryInfo{
+						RetryDelay: durationpb.New(15 * time.Millisecond),
+					},
 				)
-			},
-			throttle: 15 * time.Millisecond,
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return s
+			}(),
+			expected: 15 * time.Millisecond,
 		},
 		{
-			stsFn: func() (*status.Status, error) {
-				st := status.New(codes.ResourceExhausted, "status with error info detail")
-				return st.WithDetails(
+			status: func() *status.Status {
+				s, err := status.New(c, "error info").WithDetails(
 					&errdetails.ErrorInfo{Reason: "no throttle detail"},
 				)
-			},
-			throttle: 0,
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return s
+			}(),
+			expected: 0,
 		},
 		{
-			stsFn: func() (*status.Status, error) {
-				st := status.New(codes.ResourceExhausted, "status with error info and retry info")
-				return st.WithDetails(
-					&errdetails.ErrorInfo{Reason: "no throttle detail"},
-					&errdetails.RetryInfo{RetryDelay: durationpb.New(13 * time.Minute)},
+			status: func() *status.Status {
+				s, err := status.New(c, "error and retry info").WithDetails(
+					&errdetails.ErrorInfo{Reason: "with throttle detail"},
+					&errdetails.RetryInfo{
+						RetryDelay: durationpb.New(13 * time.Minute),
+					},
 				)
-			},
-			throttle: 13 * time.Minute,
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return s
+			}(),
+			expected: 13 * time.Minute,
 		},
 		{
-			stsFn: func() (*status.Status, error) {
-				st := status.New(codes.ResourceExhausted, "status with two retry info should take the first")
-				return st.WithDetails(
-					&errdetails.RetryInfo{RetryDelay: durationpb.New(13 * time.Minute)},
-					&errdetails.RetryInfo{RetryDelay: durationpb.New(18 * time.Minute)},
+			status: func() *status.Status {
+				s, err := status.New(c, "double retry info").WithDetails(
+					&errdetails.RetryInfo{
+						RetryDelay: durationpb.New(13 * time.Minute),
+					},
+					&errdetails.RetryInfo{
+						RetryDelay: durationpb.New(15 * time.Minute),
+					},
 				)
-			},
-			throttle: 13 * time.Minute,
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return s
+			}(),
+			expected: 13 * time.Minute,
 		},
 	}
 
-	for _, tt := range tts {
-		sts, _ := tt.stsFn()
-		t.Run(sts.Message(), func(t *testing.T) {
-			th := getThrottleDuration(sts)
-			require.Equal(t, tt.throttle, th)
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.status.Message(), func(t *testing.T) {
+			require.Equal(t, tc.expected, throttleDelay(tc.status))
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestEvaluate(t *testing.T) {
+	retryable := map[codes.Code]bool{
+		codes.OK:                 false,
+		codes.Canceled:           true,
+		codes.Unknown:            false,
+		codes.InvalidArgument:    false,
+		codes.DeadlineExceeded:   true,
+		codes.NotFound:           false,
+		codes.AlreadyExists:      false,
+		codes.PermissionDenied:   false,
+		codes.ResourceExhausted:  true,
+		codes.FailedPrecondition: false,
+		codes.Aborted:            true,
+		codes.OutOfRange:         true,
+		codes.Unimplemented:      false,
+		codes.Internal:           false,
+		codes.Unavailable:        true,
+		codes.DataLoss:           true,
+		codes.Unauthenticated:    false,
+	}
+
+	for c, want := range retryable {
+		got, _ := evaluate(status.Error(c, ""))
+		assert.Equalf(t, want, got, "evaluate(%s)", c)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDoRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	ev := func(error) (bool, time.Duration) { return false, 0 }
+
+	c := new(Connection)
+	c.requestFunc = retry.Config{}.RequestFunc(ev)
+	c.stopCh = make(chan struct{})
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	assert.NoError(t, c.DoRequest(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		return nil
+	}))
+	assert.NoError(t, c.DoRequest(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		return status.Error(codes.OK, "")
+	}))
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, c.DoRequest(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		return assert.AnError
+	}), assert.AnError)
+}
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig/options.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig/options.go
index ef6a22beec2..a97c880a422 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig/options.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig/options.go
@@ -21,34 +21,19 @@ import (
 
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
+
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry"
 )
 
 const (
-	// DefaultMaxAttempts describes how many times the driver
-	// should retry the sending of the payload in case of a
-	// retryable error.
-	DefaultMaxAttempts int = 5
 	// DefaultTracesPath is a default URL path for endpoint that
 	// receives spans.
 	DefaultTracesPath string = "/v1/traces"
-	// DefaultBackoff is a default base backoff time used in the
-	// exponential backoff strategy.
-	DefaultBackoff time.Duration = 300 * time.Millisecond
 	// DefaultTimeout is a default max waiting time for the backend to process
 	// each span batch.
 	DefaultTimeout time.Duration = 10 * time.Second
 )
 
-var (
-	// defaultRetrySettings is a default settings for the retry policy.
-	defaultRetrySettings = RetrySettings{
-		Enabled:         true,
-		InitialInterval: 5 * time.Second,
-		MaxInterval:     30 * time.Second,
-		MaxElapsedTime:  time.Minute,
-	}
-)
-
 type (
 	SignalConfig struct {
 		Endpoint    string
@@ -67,15 +52,12 @@ type (
 		// Signal specific configurations
 		Traces SignalConfig
 
-		// HTTP configurations
-		MaxAttempts int
-		Backoff     time.Duration
+		RetryConfig retry.Config
 
 		// gRPC configurations
 		ReconnectionPeriod time.Duration
 		ServiceConfig      string
 		DialOptions        []grpc.DialOption
-		RetrySettings      RetrySettings
 	}
 )
 
@@ -87,9 +69,7 @@ func NewDefaultConfig() Config {
 			Compression: NoCompression,
 			Timeout:     DefaultTimeout,
 		},
-		MaxAttempts:   DefaultMaxAttempts,
-		Backoff:       DefaultBackoff,
-		RetrySettings: defaultRetrySettings,
+		RetryConfig: retry.DefaultConfig,
 	}
 
 	return c
@@ -219,9 +199,9 @@ func WithURLPath(urlPath string) GenericOption {
 	})
 }
 
-func WithRetry(settings RetrySettings) GenericOption {
+func WithRetry(rc retry.Config) GenericOption {
 	return newGenericOption(func(cfg *Config) {
-		cfg.RetrySettings = settings
+		cfg.RetryConfig = rc
 	})
 }
 
@@ -256,15 +236,3 @@ func WithTimeout(duration time.Duration) GenericOption {
 		cfg.Traces.Timeout = duration
 	})
 }
-
-func WithMaxAttempts(maxAttempts int) GenericOption {
-	return newGenericOption(func(cfg *Config) {
-		cfg.MaxAttempts = maxAttempts
-	})
-}
-
-func WithBackoff(duration time.Duration) GenericOption {
-	return newGenericOption(func(cfg *Config) {
-		cfg.Backoff = duration
-	})
-}
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig/optiontypes.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig/optiontypes.go
index baec669cf80..f69e31095d2 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig/optiontypes.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig/optiontypes.go
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 
 package otlpconfig // import "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig"
 
-import "time"
-
 const (
 	// DefaultCollectorPort is the port the Exporter will attempt connect to
 	// if no collector port is provided.
@@ -47,18 +45,3 @@ const (
 	// MarshalJSON tells the driver to send using json format.
 	MarshalJSON
 )
-
-// RetrySettings defines configuration for retrying batches in case of export failure
-// using an exponential backoff.
-type RetrySettings struct {
-	// Enabled indicates whether to not retry sending batches in case of export failure.
-	Enabled bool
-	// InitialInterval the time to wait after the first failure before retrying.
-	InitialInterval time.Duration
-	// MaxInterval is the upper bound on backoff interval. Once this value is reached the delay between
-	// consecutive retries will always be `MaxInterval`.
-	MaxInterval time.Duration
-	// MaxElapsedTime is the maximum amount of time (including retries) spent trying to send a request/batch.
-	// Once this value is reached, the data is discarded.
-	MaxElapsedTime time.Duration
-}
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry/retry.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry/retry.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..25bef0ba5b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry/retry.go
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package retry
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+)
+
+// DefaultConfig are the recommended defaults to use.
+var DefaultConfig = Config{
+	Enabled:         true,
+	InitialInterval: 5 * time.Second,
+	MaxInterval:     30 * time.Second,
+	MaxElapsedTime:  time.Minute,
+}
+
+// Config defines configuration for retrying batches in case of export failure
+// using an exponential backoff.
+type Config struct {
+	// Enabled indicates whether to not retry sending batches in case of
+	// export failure.
+	Enabled bool
+	// InitialInterval the time to wait after the first failure before
+	// retrying.
+	InitialInterval time.Duration
+	// MaxInterval is the upper bound on backoff interval. Once this value is
+	// reached the delay between consecutive retries will always be
+	// `MaxInterval`.
+	MaxInterval time.Duration
+	// MaxElapsedTime is the maximum amount of time (including retries) spent
+	// trying to send a request/batch.  Once this value is reached, the data
+	// is discarded.
+	MaxElapsedTime time.Duration
+}
+
+// RequestFunc wraps a request with retry logic.
+type RequestFunc func(context.Context, func(context.Context) error) error
+
+// EvaluateFunc returns if an error is retry-able and if an explicit throttle
+// duration should be honored that was included in the error.
+type EvaluateFunc func(error) (bool, time.Duration)
+
+func (c Config) RequestFunc(evaluate EvaluateFunc) RequestFunc {
+	if !c.Enabled {
+		return func(ctx context.Context, fn func(context.Context) error) error {
+			return fn(ctx)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Do not use NewExponentialBackOff since it calls Reset and the code here
+	// must call Reset after changing the InitialInterval (this saves an
+	// unnecessary call to Now).
+	b := &backoff.ExponentialBackOff{
+		InitialInterval:     c.InitialInterval,
+		RandomizationFactor: backoff.DefaultRandomizationFactor,
+		Multiplier:          backoff.DefaultMultiplier,
+		MaxInterval:         c.MaxInterval,
+		MaxElapsedTime:      c.MaxElapsedTime,
+		Stop:                backoff.Stop,
+		Clock:               backoff.SystemClock,
+	}
+	b.Reset()
+
+	return func(ctx context.Context, fn func(context.Context) error) error {
+		for {
+			err := fn(ctx)
+			if err == nil {
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			retryable, throttle := evaluate(err)
+			if !retryable {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			bOff := b.NextBackOff()
+			if bOff == backoff.Stop {
+				return fmt.Errorf("max retry time elapsed: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			// Wait for the greater of the backoff or throttle delay.
+			var delay time.Duration
+			if bOff > throttle {
+				delay = bOff
+			} else {
+				elapsed := b.GetElapsedTime()
+				if b.MaxElapsedTime != 0 && elapsed+throttle > b.MaxElapsedTime {
+					return fmt.Errorf("max retry time would elapse: %w", err)
+				}
+				delay = throttle
+			}
+
+			if err := waitFunc(ctx, delay); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Allow override for testing.
+var waitFunc = wait
+
+func wait(ctx context.Context, delay time.Duration) error {
+	timer := time.NewTimer(delay)
+	defer timer.Stop()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case <-timer.C:
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry/retry_test.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry/retry_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..67242df0070
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry/retry_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package retry
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestWait(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		ctx      context.Context
+		delay    time.Duration
+		expected error
+	}{
+		{
+			ctx:      context.Background(),
+			delay:    time.Duration(0),
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			ctx:      context.Background(),
+			delay:    time.Duration(1),
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			ctx:      context.Background(),
+			delay:    time.Duration(-1),
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			ctx: func() context.Context {
+				ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+				cancel()
+				return ctx
+			}(),
+			expected: context.Canceled,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(t, test.expected, wait(test.ctx, test.delay))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNonRetryableError(t *testing.T) {
+	ev := func(error) (bool, time.Duration) { return false, 0 }
+
+	reqFunc := Config{
+		Enabled:         true,
+		InitialInterval: 1 * time.Nanosecond,
+		MaxInterval:     1 * time.Nanosecond,
+		// Never stop retrying.
+		MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+	}.RequestFunc(ev)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	assert.NoError(t, reqFunc(ctx, func(context.Context) error {
+		return nil
+	}))
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, reqFunc(ctx, func(context.Context) error {
+		return assert.AnError
+	}), assert.AnError)
+}
+
+func TestThrottledRetry(t *testing.T) {
+	// Ensure the throttle delay is used by making longer than backoff delay.
+	throttleDelay, backoffDelay := time.Second, time.Nanosecond
+
+	ev := func(error) (bool, time.Duration) {
+		// Retry everything with a throttle delay.
+		return true, throttleDelay
+	}
+
+	reqFunc := Config{
+		Enabled:         true,
+		InitialInterval: backoffDelay,
+		MaxInterval:     backoffDelay,
+		// Never stop retrying.
+		MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+	}.RequestFunc(ev)
+
+	origWait := waitFunc
+	var done bool
+	waitFunc = func(_ context.Context, delay time.Duration) error {
+		assert.Equal(t, throttleDelay, delay, "retry not throttled")
+		// Try twice to ensure call is attempted again after delay.
+		if done {
+			return assert.AnError
+		}
+		done = true
+		return nil
+	}
+	defer func() { waitFunc = origWait }()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, reqFunc(ctx, func(context.Context) error {
+		return errors.New("not this error")
+	}), assert.AnError)
+}
+
+func TestBackoffRetry(t *testing.T) {
+	ev := func(error) (bool, time.Duration) { return true, 0 }
+
+	delay := time.Nanosecond
+	reqFunc := Config{
+		Enabled:         true,
+		InitialInterval: delay,
+		MaxInterval:     delay,
+		// Never stop retrying.
+		MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+	}.RequestFunc(ev)
+
+	origWait := waitFunc
+	var done bool
+	waitFunc = func(_ context.Context, d time.Duration) error {
+		assert.Equal(t, delay, d, "retry not backoffed")
+		// Try twice to ensure call is attempted again after delay.
+		if done {
+			return assert.AnError
+		}
+		done = true
+		return nil
+	}
+	defer func() { waitFunc = origWait }()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, reqFunc(ctx, func(context.Context) error {
+		return errors.New("not this error")
+	}), assert.AnError)
+}
+
+func TestThrottledRetryGreaterThanMaxElapsedTime(t *testing.T) {
+	// Ensure the throttle delay is used by making longer than backoff delay.
+	tDelay, bDelay := time.Hour, time.Nanosecond
+	ev := func(error) (bool, time.Duration) { return true, tDelay }
+	reqFunc := Config{
+		Enabled:         true,
+		InitialInterval: bDelay,
+		MaxInterval:     bDelay,
+		MaxElapsedTime:  tDelay - (time.Nanosecond),
+	}.RequestFunc(ev)
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	assert.Contains(t, reqFunc(ctx, func(context.Context) error {
+		return assert.AnError
+	}).Error(), "max retry time would elapse: ")
+}
+
+func TestMaxElapsedTime(t *testing.T) {
+	ev := func(error) (bool, time.Duration) { return true, 0 }
+	delay := time.Nanosecond
+	reqFunc := Config{
+		Enabled: true,
+		// InitialInterval > MaxElapsedTime means immediate return.
+		InitialInterval: 2 * delay,
+		MaxElapsedTime:  delay,
+	}.RequestFunc(ev)
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	assert.Contains(t, reqFunc(ctx, func(context.Context) error {
+		return assert.AnError
+	}).Error(), "max retry time elapsed: ")
+}
+
+func TestRetryNotEnabled(t *testing.T) {
+	ev := func(error) (bool, time.Duration) {
+		t.Error("evaluated retry when not enabled")
+		return false, 0
+	}
+
+	reqFunc := Config{}.RequestFunc(ev)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	assert.NoError(t, reqFunc(ctx, func(context.Context) error {
+		return nil
+	}))
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, reqFunc(ctx, func(context.Context) error {
+		return assert.AnError
+	}), assert.AnError)
+}
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/client_test.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/client_test.go
index 3c53c1637a9..c9ebdf40683 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/client_test.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/client_test.go
@@ -25,10 +25,8 @@ import (
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlptracetest"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc"
 
-	"google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc/errdetails"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@@ -171,7 +169,7 @@ func TestNew_collectorConnectionDiesThenReconnectsWhenInRestMode(t *testing.T) {
 	reconnectionPeriod := 20 * time.Millisecond
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	exp := newGRPCExporter(t, ctx, mc.endpoint,
-		otlptracegrpc.WithRetry(otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{Enabled: false}),
+		otlptracegrpc.WithRetry(otlptracegrpc.RetryConfig{Enabled: false}),
 		otlptracegrpc.WithReconnectionPeriod(reconnectionPeriod))
 	defer func() { require.NoError(t, exp.Shutdown(ctx)) }()
 
@@ -222,280 +220,13 @@ func TestNew_collectorConnectionDiesThenReconnectsWhenInRestMode(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, nmc.Stop())
 }
 
-func TestExporterExportFailureAndRecoveryModes(t *testing.T) {
-	tts := []struct {
-		name   string
-		errors []error
-		rs     otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings
-		fn     func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector)
-		opts   []otlptracegrpc.Option
-	}{
-		{
-			name: "Do not retry if succeeded",
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				require.NoError(t, exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans))
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 1)
-				require.Equal(t, 1, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 1 success request.")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Do not retry if 'error' is ok",
-			errors: []error{
-				status.Error(codes.OK, ""),
-			},
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				require.NoError(t, exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans))
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 0)
-				require.Equal(t, 1, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 1 error OK request.")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Fail three times and succeed",
-			rs: otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{
-				Enabled:         true,
-				MaxElapsedTime:  300 * time.Millisecond,
-				InitialInterval: 2 * time.Millisecond,
-				MaxInterval:     10 * time.Millisecond,
-			},
-			errors: []error{
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "backend under pressure"),
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "backend under pressure"),
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "backend under pressure"),
-			},
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				require.NoError(t, exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans))
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 1)
-				require.Equal(t, 4, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 3 failure requests and 1 success request.")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Permanent error should not be retried",
-			rs: otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{
-				Enabled:         true,
-				MaxElapsedTime:  300 * time.Millisecond,
-				InitialInterval: 2 * time.Millisecond,
-				MaxInterval:     10 * time.Millisecond,
-			},
-			errors: []error{
-				status.Error(codes.InvalidArgument, "invalid arguments"),
-			},
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				require.Error(t, exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans))
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 0)
-				require.Equal(t, 1, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 1 error requests.")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Test all transient errors and succeed",
-			rs: otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{
-				Enabled:         true,
-				MaxElapsedTime:  500 * time.Millisecond,
-				InitialInterval: 1 * time.Millisecond,
-				MaxInterval:     2 * time.Millisecond,
-			},
-			errors: []error{
-				status.Error(codes.Canceled, ""),
-				status.Error(codes.DeadlineExceeded, ""),
-				status.Error(codes.ResourceExhausted, ""),
-				status.Error(codes.Aborted, ""),
-				status.Error(codes.OutOfRange, ""),
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, ""),
-				status.Error(codes.DataLoss, ""),
-			},
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				require.NoError(t, exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans))
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 1)
-				require.Equal(t, 8, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 9 failure requests and 1 success request.")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Retry should honor server throttling",
-			rs: otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{
-				Enabled:         true,
-				MaxElapsedTime:  time.Minute,
-				InitialInterval: time.Nanosecond,
-				MaxInterval:     time.Nanosecond,
-			},
-			opts: []otlptracegrpc.Option{
-				otlptracegrpc.WithTimeout(time.Millisecond * 100),
-			},
-			errors: []error{
-				newThrottlingError(codes.ResourceExhausted, time.Second*30),
-			},
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				err := exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans)
-				require.Error(t, err)
-				require.Equal(t, "context deadline exceeded", err.Error())
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 0)
-				require.Equal(t, 1, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 1 failure requests and 1 success request.")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Retry should fail if server throttling is higher than the MaxElapsedTime",
-			rs: otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{
-				Enabled:         true,
-				MaxElapsedTime:  time.Millisecond * 100,
-				InitialInterval: time.Nanosecond,
-				MaxInterval:     time.Nanosecond,
-			},
-			errors: []error{
-				newThrottlingError(codes.ResourceExhausted, time.Minute),
-			},
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				err := exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans)
-				require.Error(t, err)
-				require.Equal(t, "max elapsed time expired when respecting server throttle: rpc error: code = ResourceExhausted desc = ", err.Error())
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 0)
-				require.Equal(t, 1, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 1 failure requests and 1 success request.")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Retry stops if takes too long",
-			rs: otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{
-				Enabled:         true,
-				MaxElapsedTime:  time.Millisecond * 100,
-				InitialInterval: time.Millisecond * 50,
-				MaxInterval:     time.Millisecond * 50,
-			},
-			errors: []error{
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "unavailable"),
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "unavailable"),
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "unavailable"),
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "unavailable"),
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "unavailable"),
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "unavailable"),
-			},
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				err := exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans)
-				require.Error(t, err)
-
-				require.Equal(t, "max elapsed time expired: rpc error: code = Unavailable desc = unavailable", err.Error())
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 0)
-				require.LessOrEqual(t, 1, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive at least 1 failure requests.")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Disabled retry",
-			rs: otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{
-				Enabled: false,
-			},
-			errors: []error{
-				status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "unavailable"),
-			},
-			fn: func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, exp *otlptrace.Exporter, mc *mockCollector) {
-				err := exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans)
-				require.Error(t, err)
-
-				require.Equal(t, "rpc error: code = Unavailable desc = unavailable", err.Error())
-
-				span := mc.getSpans()
-
-				require.Len(t, span, 0)
-				require.Equal(t, 1, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 1 failure requests.")
-			},
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tts {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ctx := context.Background()
-
-			mc := runMockCollectorWithConfig(t, &mockConfig{
-				errors: tt.errors,
-			})
-
-			opts := []otlptracegrpc.Option{
-				otlptracegrpc.WithRetry(tt.rs),
-			}
-
-			if len(tt.opts) != 0 {
-				opts = append(opts, tt.opts...)
-			}
-
-			exp := newGRPCExporter(t, ctx, mc.endpoint, opts...)
-
-			tt.fn(t, ctx, exp, mc)
-
-			require.NoError(t, mc.Stop())
-			require.NoError(t, exp.Shutdown(ctx))
-		})
-	}
-
-}
-
-func TestPermanentErrorsShouldNotBeRetried(t *testing.T) {
-	permanentErrors := []*status.Status{
-		status.New(codes.Unknown, "Unknown"),
-		status.New(codes.InvalidArgument, "InvalidArgument"),
-		status.New(codes.NotFound, "NotFound"),
-		status.New(codes.AlreadyExists, "AlreadyExists"),
-		status.New(codes.FailedPrecondition, "FailedPrecondition"),
-		status.New(codes.Unimplemented, "Unimplemented"),
-		status.New(codes.Internal, "Internal"),
-		status.New(codes.PermissionDenied, ""),
-		status.New(codes.Unauthenticated, ""),
-	}
-
-	for _, sts := range permanentErrors {
-		t.Run(sts.Code().String(), func(t *testing.T) {
-			ctx := context.Background()
-
-			mc := runMockCollectorWithConfig(t, &mockConfig{
-				errors: []error{sts.Err()},
-			})
-
-			exp := newGRPCExporter(t, ctx, mc.endpoint)
-
-			err := exp.ExportSpans(ctx, roSpans)
-			require.Error(t, err)
-			require.Len(t, mc.getSpans(), 0)
-			require.Equal(t, 1, mc.traceSvc.requests, "trace service must receive 1 permanent error requests.")
-
-			require.NoError(t, mc.Stop())
-			require.NoError(t, exp.Shutdown(ctx))
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func newThrottlingError(code codes.Code, duration time.Duration) error {
-	s := status.New(code, "")
-
-	s, _ = s.WithDetails(&errdetails.RetryInfo{RetryDelay: durationpb.New(duration)})
-
-	return s.Err()
-}
-
 func TestNew_collectorConnectionDiesThenReconnects(t *testing.T) {
 	mc := runMockCollector(t)
 
 	reconnectionPeriod := 50 * time.Millisecond
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	exp := newGRPCExporter(t, ctx, mc.endpoint,
-		otlptracegrpc.WithRetry(otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{Enabled: false}),
+		otlptracegrpc.WithRetry(otlptracegrpc.RetryConfig{Enabled: false}),
 		otlptracegrpc.WithReconnectionPeriod(reconnectionPeriod))
 	defer func() { require.NoError(t, exp.Shutdown(ctx)) }()
 
@@ -637,7 +368,7 @@ func TestNew_WithTimeout(t *testing.T) {
 			}()
 
 			ctx := context.Background()
-			exp := newGRPCExporter(t, ctx, mc.endpoint, otlptracegrpc.WithTimeout(tt.timeout), otlptracegrpc.WithRetry(otlptracegrpc.RetrySettings{Enabled: false}))
+			exp := newGRPCExporter(t, ctx, mc.endpoint, otlptracegrpc.WithTimeout(tt.timeout), otlptracegrpc.WithRetry(otlptracegrpc.RetryConfig{Enabled: false}))
 			defer func() {
 				_ = exp.Shutdown(ctx)
 			}()
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/go.mod b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/go.mod
index 3d0bcfa61e3..2cc7eafa9ae 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/go.mod
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/go.mod
@@ -8,9 +8,7 @@ require (
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.0.0-RC1
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.0.0-RC1
 	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v0.9.0
-	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200526211855-cb27e3aa2013
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.39.0
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1
 )
 
 replace go.opentelemetry.io/otel => ../../../..
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/options.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/options.go
index 2a483f7d866..d2cf76461cc 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/options.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc/options.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry"
 
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
@@ -30,9 +31,9 @@ type Option interface {
 	applyGRPCOption(*otlpconfig.Config)
 }
 
-// RetrySettings defines configuration for retrying batches in case of export failure
-// using an exponential backoff.
-type RetrySettings otlpconfig.RetrySettings
+// RetryConfig defines configuration for retrying batches in case of export
+// failure using an exponential backoff.
+type RetryConfig retry.Config
 
 type wrappedOption struct {
 	otlpconfig.GRPCOption
@@ -121,12 +122,11 @@ func WithTimeout(duration time.Duration) Option {
 	return wrappedOption{otlpconfig.WithTimeout(duration)}
 }
 
-// WithRetry configures the retry policy for transient errors that may occurs when
-// exporting traces. An exponential back-off algorithm is used to
-// ensure endpoints are not overwhelmed with retries. If unset, the default
-// ensure endpoints are not overwhelmed with retries. If unset, the default
-// retry policy will retry after 5 seconds and increase exponentially after each
+// WithRetry configures the retry policy for transient errors that may occurs
+// when exporting traces. An exponential back-off algorithm is used to ensure
+// endpoints are not overwhelmed with retries. If unset, the default retry
+// policy will retry after 5 seconds and increase exponentially after each
 // error for a total of 1 minute.
-func WithRetry(settings RetrySettings) Option {
-	return wrappedOption{otlpconfig.WithRetry(otlpconfig.RetrySettings(settings))}
+func WithRetry(settings RetryConfig) Option {
+	return wrappedOption{otlpconfig.WithRetry(retry.Config(settings))}
 }
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/client.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/client.go
index ca0fa18bb97..4aa8782b38a 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/client.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/client.go
@@ -21,26 +21,34 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
-	"math/rand"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"path"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace"
 	tracepb "go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp/trace/v1"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry"
 
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
 	coltracepb "go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp/collector/trace/v1"
 )
 
 const contentTypeProto = "application/x-protobuf"
 
+var gzPool = sync.Pool{
+	New: func() interface{} {
+		w := gzip.NewWriter(ioutil.Discard)
+		return w
+	},
+}
+
 // Keep it in sync with golang's DefaultTransport from net/http! We
 // have our own copy to avoid handling a situation where the
 // DefaultTransport is overwritten with some different implementation
@@ -59,11 +67,12 @@ var ourTransport = &http.Transport{
 }
 
 type client struct {
-	name       string
-	cfg        otlpconfig.SignalConfig
-	generalCfg otlpconfig.Config
-	client     *http.Client
-	stopCh     chan struct{}
+	name        string
+	cfg         otlpconfig.SignalConfig
+	generalCfg  otlpconfig.Config
+	requestFunc retry.RequestFunc
+	client      *http.Client
+	stopCh      chan struct{}
 }
 
 var _ otlptrace.Client = (*client)(nil)
@@ -77,7 +86,7 @@ func NewClient(opts ...Option) otlptrace.Client {
 	}
 
 	for pathPtr, defaultPath := range map[*string]string{
-		&cfg.Traces.URLPath: defaultTracesPath,
+		&cfg.Traces.URLPath: otlpconfig.DefaultTracesPath,
 	} {
 		tmp := strings.TrimSpace(*pathPtr)
 		if tmp == "" {
@@ -90,15 +99,6 @@ func NewClient(opts ...Option) otlptrace.Client {
 		}
 		*pathPtr = tmp
 	}
-	if cfg.MaxAttempts <= 0 {
-		cfg.MaxAttempts = defaultMaxAttempts
-	}
-	if cfg.MaxAttempts > defaultMaxAttempts {
-		cfg.MaxAttempts = defaultMaxAttempts
-	}
-	if cfg.Backoff <= 0 {
-		cfg.Backoff = defaultBackoff
-	}
 
 	httpClient := &http.Client{
 		Transport: ourTransport,
@@ -112,11 +112,12 @@ func NewClient(opts ...Option) otlptrace.Client {
 
 	stopCh := make(chan struct{})
 	return &client{
-		name:       "traces",
-		cfg:        cfg.Traces,
-		generalCfg: cfg,
-		stopCh:     stopCh,
-		client:     httpClient,
+		name:        "traces",
+		cfg:         cfg.Traces,
+		generalCfg:  cfg,
+		requestFunc: cfg.RetryConfig.RequestFunc(evaluate),
+		stopCh:      stopCh,
+		client:      httpClient,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -151,41 +152,150 @@ func (d *client) UploadTraces(ctx context.Context, protoSpans []*tracepb.Resourc
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	return d.send(ctx, rawRequest)
-}
 
-func (d *client) send(ctx context.Context, rawRequest []byte) error {
-	address := fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s%s", d.getScheme(), d.cfg.Endpoint, d.cfg.URLPath)
-	var cancel context.CancelFunc
-	ctx, cancel = d.contextWithStop(ctx)
+	ctx, cancel := d.contextWithStop(ctx)
 	defer cancel()
-	for i := 0; i < d.generalCfg.MaxAttempts; i++ {
-		response, err := d.singleSend(ctx, rawRequest, address)
+
+	request, err := d.newRequest(rawRequest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return d.requestFunc(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		default:
+		}
+
+		request.reset(ctx)
+		resp, err := d.client.Do(request.Request)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		// We don't care about the body, so try to read it
-		// into /dev/null and close it immediately. The
-		// reading part is to facilitate connection reuse.
-		_, _ = io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, response.Body)
-		_ = response.Body.Close()
-		switch response.StatusCode {
+
+		var rErr error
+		switch resp.StatusCode {
 		case http.StatusOK:
-			return nil
-		case http.StatusTooManyRequests:
-			fallthrough
-		case http.StatusServiceUnavailable:
-			select {
-			case <-time.After(getWaitDuration(d.generalCfg.Backoff, i)):
-				continue
-			case <-ctx.Done():
-				return ctx.Err()
+			// Success, do not retry.
+		case http.StatusTooManyRequests,
+			http.StatusServiceUnavailable:
+			// Retry-able failure.
+			rErr = newResponseError(resp.Header)
+
+			// Going to retry, drain the body to reuse the connection.
+			if _, err := io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body); err != nil {
+				_ = resp.Body.Close()
+				return err
 			}
 		default:
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to send %s to %s with HTTP status %s", d.name, address, response.Status)
+			rErr = fmt.Errorf("failed to send %s to %s: %s", d.name, request.URL, resp.Status)
+		}
+
+		if err := resp.Body.Close(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rErr
+	})
+}
+
+func (d *client) newRequest(body []byte) (request, error) {
+	address := fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s%s", d.getScheme(), d.cfg.Endpoint, d.cfg.URLPath)
+	r, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, address, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return request{Request: r}, err
+	}
+
+	for k, v := range d.cfg.Headers {
+		r.Header.Set(k, v)
+	}
+	r.Header.Set("Content-Type", contentTypeProto)
+
+	req := request{Request: r}
+	switch Compression(d.cfg.Compression) {
+	case NoCompression:
+		r.ContentLength = (int64)(len(body))
+		req.bodyReader = bodyReader(body)
+	case GzipCompression:
+		// Ensure the content length is not used.
+		r.ContentLength = -1
+		r.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
+
+		gz := gzPool.Get().(*gzip.Writer)
+		defer gzPool.Put(gz)
+
+		var b bytes.Buffer
+		gz.Reset(&b)
+
+		if _, err := gz.Write(body); err != nil {
+			return req, err
+		}
+		// Close needs to be called to ensure body if fully written.
+		if err := gz.Close(); err != nil {
+			return req, err
+		}
+
+		req.bodyReader = bodyReader(b.Bytes())
+	}
+
+	return req, nil
+}
+
+// bodyReader returns a closure returning a new reader for buf.
+func bodyReader(buf []byte) func() io.ReadCloser {
+	return func() io.ReadCloser {
+		return ioutil.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(buf))
+	}
+}
+
+// request wraps an http.Request with a resettable body reader.
+type request struct {
+	*http.Request
+
+	// bodyReader allows the same body to be used for multiple requests.
+	bodyReader func() io.ReadCloser
+}
+
+// reset reinitializes the request Body and uses ctx for the request.
+func (r *request) reset(ctx context.Context) {
+	r.Body = r.bodyReader()
+	r.Request = r.Request.WithContext(ctx)
+}
+
+// retryableError represents a request failure that can be retried.
+type retryableError struct {
+	throttle int64
+}
+
+// newResponseError returns a retryableError and will extract any explicit
+// throttle delay contained in headers.
+func newResponseError(header http.Header) error {
+	var rErr retryableError
+	if s, ok := header["Retry-After"]; ok {
+		if t, err := strconv.ParseInt(s[0], 10, 64); err == nil {
+			rErr.throttle = t
 		}
 	}
-	return fmt.Errorf("failed to send data to %s after %d tries", address, d.generalCfg.MaxAttempts)
+	return rErr
+}
+
+func (e retryableError) Error() string {
+	return "retry-able request failure"
+}
+
+// evaluate returns if err is retry-able. If it is and it includes an explicit
+// throttling delay, that delay is also returned.
+func evaluate(err error) (bool, time.Duration) {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false, 0
+	}
+
+	rErr, ok := err.(retryableError)
+	if !ok {
+		return false, 0
+	}
+
+	return true, time.Duration(rErr.throttle)
 }
 
 func (d *client) getScheme() string {
@@ -195,26 +305,6 @@ func (d *client) getScheme() string {
 	return "https"
 }
 
-func getWaitDuration(backoff time.Duration, i int) time.Duration {
-	// Strategy: after nth failed attempt, attempt resending after
-	// k * initialBackoff + jitter, where k is a random number in
-	// range [0, 2^n-1), and jitter is a random percentage of
-	// initialBackoff from [-5%, 5%).
-	//
-	// Based on
-	// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_backoff#Example_exponential_backoff_algorithm
-	//
-	// Jitter is our addition.
-
-	// There won't be an overflow, since i is capped to
-	// defaultMaxAttempts (5).
-	upperK := (int64)(1) << (i + 1)
-	jitterPercent := (rand.Float64() - 0.5) / 10.
-	jitter := jitterPercent * (float64)(backoff)
-	k := rand.Int63n(upperK)
-	return (time.Duration)(k)*backoff + (time.Duration)(jitter)
-}
-
 func (d *client) contextWithStop(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, context.CancelFunc) {
 	// Unify the parent context Done signal with the client's stop
 	// channel.
@@ -230,51 +320,3 @@ func (d *client) contextWithStop(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, context.
 	}(ctx, cancel)
 	return ctx, cancel
 }
-
-func (d *client) singleSend(ctx context.Context, rawRequest []byte, address string) (*http.Response, error) {
-	request, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, address, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	bodyReader, contentLength, headers := d.prepareBody(rawRequest)
-	// Not closing bodyReader through defer, the HTTP Client's
-	// Transport will do it for us
-	request.Body = bodyReader
-	request.ContentLength = contentLength
-	for key, values := range headers {
-		for _, value := range values {
-			request.Header.Add(key, value)
-		}
-	}
-	return d.client.Do(request)
-}
-
-func (d *client) prepareBody(rawRequest []byte) (io.ReadCloser, int64, http.Header) {
-	var bodyReader io.ReadCloser
-	headers := http.Header{}
-	for k, v := range d.cfg.Headers {
-		headers.Set(k, v)
-	}
-	contentLength := (int64)(len(rawRequest))
-	headers.Set("Content-Type", contentTypeProto)
-	requestReader := bytes.NewBuffer(rawRequest)
-	switch Compression(d.cfg.Compression) {
-	case NoCompression:
-		bodyReader = ioutil.NopCloser(requestReader)
-	case GzipCompression:
-		preader, pwriter := io.Pipe()
-		go func() {
-			defer pwriter.Close()
-			gzipper := gzip.NewWriter(pwriter)
-			defer gzipper.Close()
-			_, err := io.Copy(gzipper, requestReader)
-			if err != nil {
-				otel.Handle(fmt.Errorf("otlphttp: failed to gzip request: %v", err))
-			}
-		}()
-		headers.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
-		bodyReader = preader
-		contentLength = -1
-	}
-	return bodyReader, contentLength, headers
-}
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/client_test.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/client_test.go
index 2b4ae640691..e3f7850e2f9 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/client_test.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/client_test.go
@@ -60,6 +60,55 @@ func TestEndToEnd(t *testing.T) {
 				otlptracehttp.WithCompression(otlptracehttp.GzipCompression),
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name: "retry",
+			opts: []otlptracehttp.Option{
+				otlptracehttp.WithRetry(otlptracehttp.RetryConfig{
+					Enabled:         true,
+					InitialInterval: time.Nanosecond,
+					MaxInterval:     time.Nanosecond,
+					// Do not stop trying.
+					MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+				}),
+			},
+			mcCfg: mockCollectorConfig{
+				InjectHTTPStatus: []int{503, 429},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "retry with gzip compression",
+			opts: []otlptracehttp.Option{
+				otlptracehttp.WithCompression(otlptracehttp.GzipCompression),
+				otlptracehttp.WithRetry(otlptracehttp.RetryConfig{
+					Enabled:         true,
+					InitialInterval: time.Nanosecond,
+					MaxInterval:     time.Nanosecond,
+					// Do not stop trying.
+					MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+				}),
+			},
+			mcCfg: mockCollectorConfig{
+				InjectHTTPStatus: []int{503, 503},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "retry with throttle",
+			opts: []otlptracehttp.Option{
+				otlptracehttp.WithRetry(otlptracehttp.RetryConfig{
+					Enabled:         true,
+					InitialInterval: time.Nanosecond,
+					MaxInterval:     time.Nanosecond,
+					// Do not stop trying.
+					MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+				}),
+			},
+			mcCfg: mockCollectorConfig{
+				InjectHTTPStatus: []int{503},
+				InjectResponseHeader: []map[string]string{
+					{"Retry-After": "10"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name: "with empty paths (forced to defaults)",
 			opts: []otlptracehttp.Option{
@@ -138,32 +187,6 @@ func TestExporterShutdown(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestRetry(t *testing.T) {
-	statuses := []int{
-		http.StatusTooManyRequests,
-		http.StatusServiceUnavailable,
-	}
-	mcCfg := mockCollectorConfig{
-		InjectHTTPStatus: statuses,
-	}
-	mc := runMockCollector(t, mcCfg)
-	defer mc.MustStop(t)
-	client := otlptracehttp.NewClient(
-		otlptracehttp.WithEndpoint(mc.Endpoint()),
-		otlptracehttp.WithInsecure(),
-		otlptracehttp.WithMaxAttempts(len(statuses)+1),
-	)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	exporter, err := otlptrace.New(ctx, client)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer func() {
-		assert.NoError(t, exporter.Shutdown(ctx))
-	}()
-	err = exporter.ExportSpans(ctx, otlptracetest.SingleReadOnlySpan())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, mc.GetSpans(), 1)
-}
-
 func TestTimeout(t *testing.T) {
 	mcCfg := mockCollectorConfig{
 		InjectDelay: 100 * time.Millisecond,
@@ -185,45 +208,21 @@ func TestTimeout(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, true, os.IsTimeout(err))
 }
 
-func TestRetryFailed(t *testing.T) {
-	statuses := []int{
-		http.StatusTooManyRequests,
-		http.StatusServiceUnavailable,
-	}
-	mcCfg := mockCollectorConfig{
-		InjectHTTPStatus: statuses,
-	}
-	mc := runMockCollector(t, mcCfg)
-	defer mc.MustStop(t)
-	driver := otlptracehttp.NewClient(
-		otlptracehttp.WithEndpoint(mc.Endpoint()),
-		otlptracehttp.WithInsecure(),
-		otlptracehttp.WithMaxAttempts(1),
-	)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	exporter, err := otlptrace.New(ctx, driver)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer func() {
-		assert.NoError(t, exporter.Shutdown(ctx))
-	}()
-	err = exporter.ExportSpans(ctx, otlptracetest.SingleReadOnlySpan())
-	assert.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Empty(t, mc.GetSpans())
-}
-
 func TestNoRetry(t *testing.T) {
-	statuses := []int{
-		http.StatusBadRequest,
-	}
-	mcCfg := mockCollectorConfig{
-		InjectHTTPStatus: statuses,
-	}
-	mc := runMockCollector(t, mcCfg)
+	mc := runMockCollector(t, mockCollectorConfig{
+		InjectHTTPStatus: []int{http.StatusBadRequest},
+	})
 	defer mc.MustStop(t)
 	driver := otlptracehttp.NewClient(
 		otlptracehttp.WithEndpoint(mc.Endpoint()),
 		otlptracehttp.WithInsecure(),
-		otlptracehttp.WithMaxAttempts(len(statuses)+1),
+		otlptracehttp.WithRetry(otlptracehttp.RetryConfig{
+			Enabled:         true,
+			InitialInterval: 1 * time.Nanosecond,
+			MaxInterval:     1 * time.Nanosecond,
+			// Never stop retry of retry-able status.
+			MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+		}),
 	)
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	exporter, err := otlptrace.New(ctx, driver)
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ func TestNoRetry(t *testing.T) {
 	}()
 	err = exporter.ExportSpans(ctx, otlptracetest.SingleReadOnlySpan())
 	assert.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("failed to send traces to http://%s/v1/traces with HTTP status 400 Bad Request", mc.endpoint), err.Error())
+	assert.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("failed to send traces to http://%s/v1/traces: 400 Bad Request", mc.endpoint), err.Error())
 	assert.Empty(t, mc.GetSpans())
 }
 
@@ -257,88 +256,6 @@ func TestEmptyData(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Empty(t, mc.GetSpans())
 }
 
-func TestUnreasonableMaxAttempts(t *testing.T) {
-	// Max attempts is 5, we set collector to fail 7 times and try
-	// to configure max attempts to be either negative or too
-	// large. Since we set max attempts to 5 in such cases,
-	// exporting to the collector should fail.
-	type testcase struct {
-		name        string
-		maxAttempts int
-	}
-	for _, tc := range []testcase{
-		{
-			name:        "negative max attempts",
-			maxAttempts: -3,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "too large max attempts",
-			maxAttempts: 10,
-		},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			statuses := make([]int, 0, 7)
-			for i := 0; i < cap(statuses); i++ {
-				statuses = append(statuses, http.StatusTooManyRequests)
-			}
-			mcCfg := mockCollectorConfig{
-				InjectHTTPStatus: statuses,
-			}
-			mc := runMockCollector(t, mcCfg)
-			defer mc.MustStop(t)
-			driver := otlptracehttp.NewClient(
-				otlptracehttp.WithEndpoint(mc.Endpoint()),
-				otlptracehttp.WithInsecure(),
-				otlptracehttp.WithMaxAttempts(tc.maxAttempts),
-				otlptracehttp.WithBackoff(time.Millisecond),
-			)
-			ctx := context.Background()
-			exporter, err := otlptrace.New(ctx, driver)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			defer func() {
-				assert.NoError(t, exporter.Shutdown(ctx))
-			}()
-			err = exporter.ExportSpans(ctx, otlptracetest.SingleReadOnlySpan())
-			assert.Error(t, err)
-			assert.Empty(t, mc.GetSpans())
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestUnreasonableBackoff(t *testing.T) {
-	// This sets backoff to negative value, which gets corrected
-	// to default backoff instead of being used. Default max
-	// attempts is 5, so we set the collector to fail 4 times, but
-	// we set the deadline to 3 times of the default backoff, so
-	// this should show that deadline is not met, meaning that the
-	// retries weren't immediate (as negative backoff could
-	// imply).
-	statuses := make([]int, 0, 4)
-	for i := 0; i < cap(statuses); i++ {
-		statuses = append(statuses, http.StatusTooManyRequests)
-	}
-	mcCfg := mockCollectorConfig{
-		InjectHTTPStatus: statuses,
-	}
-	mc := runMockCollector(t, mcCfg)
-	defer mc.MustStop(t)
-	driver := otlptracehttp.NewClient(
-		otlptracehttp.WithEndpoint(mc.Endpoint()),
-		otlptracehttp.WithInsecure(),
-		otlptracehttp.WithBackoff(-time.Millisecond),
-	)
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*(300*time.Millisecond))
-	defer cancel()
-	exporter, err := otlptrace.New(ctx, driver)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer func() {
-		assert.NoError(t, exporter.Shutdown(context.Background()))
-	}()
-	err = exporter.ExportSpans(ctx, otlptracetest.SingleReadOnlySpan())
-	assert.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Empty(t, mc.GetSpans())
-}
-
 func TestCancelledContext(t *testing.T) {
 	mcCfg := mockCollectorConfig{}
 	mc := runMockCollector(t, mcCfg)
@@ -372,7 +289,13 @@ func TestDeadlineContext(t *testing.T) {
 	driver := otlptracehttp.NewClient(
 		otlptracehttp.WithEndpoint(mc.Endpoint()),
 		otlptracehttp.WithInsecure(),
-		otlptracehttp.WithBackoff(time.Minute),
+		otlptracehttp.WithRetry(otlptracehttp.RetryConfig{
+			Enabled:         true,
+			InitialInterval: 1 * time.Hour,
+			MaxInterval:     1 * time.Hour,
+			// Never stop retry of retry-able status.
+			MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+		}),
 	)
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	exporter, err := otlptrace.New(ctx, driver)
@@ -400,7 +323,13 @@ func TestStopWhileExporting(t *testing.T) {
 	driver := otlptracehttp.NewClient(
 		otlptracehttp.WithEndpoint(mc.Endpoint()),
 		otlptracehttp.WithInsecure(),
-		otlptracehttp.WithBackoff(time.Minute),
+		otlptracehttp.WithRetry(otlptracehttp.RetryConfig{
+			Enabled:         true,
+			InitialInterval: 1 * time.Hour,
+			MaxInterval:     1 * time.Hour,
+			// Never stop retry of retry-able status.
+			MaxElapsedTime: 0,
+		}),
 	)
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	exporter, err := otlptrace.New(ctx, driver)
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/go.mod b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/go.mod
index bf543bf7c2d..f5402df1f8b 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/go.mod
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/go.mod
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ go 1.15
 
 require (
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.0.0-RC1
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.0.0-RC1
 	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v0.9.0
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/go.sum b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/go.sum
index e82a3dd14b1..b366899d900 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/go.sum
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/go.sum
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ cloud.google.com/go v0.26.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMT
 cloud.google.com/go v0.34.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
 github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1/go.mod h1:xHWCNGjB5oqiDr8zfno3MHue2Ht5sIBksp03qcyfWMU=
 github.com/antihax/optional v1.0.0/go.mod h1:uupD/76wgC+ih3iEmQUL+0Ugr19nfwCT1kdvxnR2qWY=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.1.1 h1:G2HAfAmvm/GcKan2oOQpBXOd2tT2G57ZnZGWa1PxPBQ=
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.1.1/go.mod h1:scbssz8iZGpm3xbr14ovlUdkxfGXNInqkPWOWmG2CLw=
 github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.2.1/go.mod h1:f6KPmirojxKA12rnyqOA5BBL4O983OfeGPqjHWSTneU=
 github.com/client9/misspell v0.3.4/go.mod h1:qj6jICC3Q7zFZvVWo7KLAzC3yx5G7kyvSDkc90ppPyw=
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/mock_collector_test.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/mock_collector_test.go
index 6ca62a05910..af6481f946a 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/mock_collector_test.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/mock_collector_test.go
@@ -46,9 +46,10 @@ type mockCollector struct {
 	spanLock     sync.Mutex
 	spansStorage otlptracetest.SpansStorage
 
-	injectHTTPStatus  []int
-	injectContentType string
-	injectDelay       time.Duration
+	injectHTTPStatus     []int
+	injectResponseHeader []map[string]string
+	injectContentType    string
+	injectDelay          time.Duration
 
 	clientTLSConfig *tls.Config
 	expectedHeaders map[string]string
@@ -97,8 +98,9 @@ func (c *mockCollector) serveTraces(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
 		return
 	}
+	h := c.getInjectResponseHeader()
 	if injectedStatus := c.getInjectHTTPStatus(); injectedStatus != 0 {
-		writeReply(w, rawResponse, injectedStatus, c.injectContentType)
+		writeReply(w, rawResponse, injectedStatus, c.injectContentType, h)
 		return
 	}
 	rawRequest, err := readRequest(r)
@@ -112,7 +114,7 @@ func (c *mockCollector) serveTraces(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
 		return
 	}
-	writeReply(w, rawResponse, 0, c.injectContentType)
+	writeReply(w, rawResponse, 0, c.injectContentType, h)
 	c.spanLock.Lock()
 	defer c.spanLock.Unlock()
 	c.spansStorage.AddSpans(request)
@@ -149,6 +151,17 @@ func (c *mockCollector) getInjectHTTPStatus() int {
 	return status
 }
 
+func (c *mockCollector) getInjectResponseHeader() (h map[string]string) {
+	if len(c.injectResponseHeader) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	h, c.injectResponseHeader = c.injectResponseHeader[0], c.injectResponseHeader[1:]
+	if len(c.injectResponseHeader) == 0 {
+		c.injectResponseHeader = nil
+	}
+	return
+}
+
 func readRequest(r *http.Request) ([]byte, error) {
 	if r.Header.Get("Content-Encoding") == "gzip" {
 		return readGzipBody(r.Body)
@@ -170,28 +183,32 @@ func readGzipBody(body io.Reader) ([]byte, error) {
 	return rawRequest.Bytes(), nil
 }
 
-func writeReply(w http.ResponseWriter, rawResponse []byte, injectHTTPStatus int, injectContentType string) {
+func writeReply(w http.ResponseWriter, rawResponse []byte, s int, ct string, h map[string]string) {
 	status := http.StatusOK
-	if injectHTTPStatus != 0 {
-		status = injectHTTPStatus
+	if s != 0 {
+		status = s
 	}
 	contentType := "application/x-protobuf"
-	if injectContentType != "" {
-		contentType = injectContentType
+	if ct != "" {
+		contentType = ct
 	}
 	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", contentType)
+	for k, v := range h {
+		w.Header().Add(k, v)
+	}
 	w.WriteHeader(status)
 	_, _ = w.Write(rawResponse)
 }
 
 type mockCollectorConfig struct {
-	TracesURLPath     string
-	Port              int
-	InjectHTTPStatus  []int
-	InjectContentType string
-	InjectDelay       time.Duration
-	WithTLS           bool
-	ExpectedHeaders   map[string]string
+	TracesURLPath        string
+	Port                 int
+	InjectHTTPStatus     []int
+	InjectContentType    string
+	InjectResponseHeader []map[string]string
+	InjectDelay          time.Duration
+	WithTLS              bool
+	ExpectedHeaders      map[string]string
 }
 
 func (c *mockCollectorConfig) fillInDefaults() {
@@ -207,12 +224,13 @@ func runMockCollector(t *testing.T, cfg mockCollectorConfig) *mockCollector {
 	_, portStr, err := net.SplitHostPort(ln.Addr().String())
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	m := &mockCollector{
-		endpoint:          fmt.Sprintf("localhost:%s", portStr),
-		spansStorage:      otlptracetest.NewSpansStorage(),
-		injectHTTPStatus:  cfg.InjectHTTPStatus,
-		injectContentType: cfg.InjectContentType,
-		injectDelay:       cfg.InjectDelay,
-		expectedHeaders:   cfg.ExpectedHeaders,
+		endpoint:             fmt.Sprintf("localhost:%s", portStr),
+		spansStorage:         otlptracetest.NewSpansStorage(),
+		injectHTTPStatus:     cfg.InjectHTTPStatus,
+		injectResponseHeader: cfg.InjectResponseHeader,
+		injectContentType:    cfg.InjectContentType,
+		injectDelay:          cfg.InjectDelay,
+		expectedHeaders:      cfg.ExpectedHeaders,
 	}
 	mux := http.NewServeMux()
 	mux.Handle(cfg.TracesURLPath, http.HandlerFunc(m.serveTraces))
diff --git a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/options.go b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/options.go
index 1a3c659d725..46cc6a5e41d 100644
--- a/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/options.go
+++ b/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp/options.go
@@ -19,19 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/otlpconfig"
-)
-
-const (
-	// defaultMaxAttempts describes how many times the driver
-	// should retry the sending of the payload in case of a
-	// retryable error.
-	defaultMaxAttempts int = 5
-	// defaultTracesPath is a default URL path for endpoint that
-	// receives spans.
-	defaultTracesPath string = "/v1/traces"
-	// defaultBackoff is a default base backoff time used in the
-	// exponential backoff strategy.
-	defaultBackoff time.Duration = 300 * time.Millisecond
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/internal/retry"
 )
 
 // Compression describes the compression used for payloads sent to the
@@ -52,9 +40,9 @@ type Option interface {
 	applyHTTPOption(*otlpconfig.Config)
 }
 
-// RetrySettings defines configuration for retrying batches in case of export failure
-// using an exponential backoff.
-type RetrySettings otlpconfig.RetrySettings
+// RetryConfig defines configuration for retrying batches in case of export
+// failure using an exponential backoff.
+type RetryConfig retry.Config
 
 type wrappedOption struct {
 	otlpconfig.HTTPOption
@@ -84,21 +72,6 @@ func WithURLPath(urlPath string) Option {
 	return wrappedOption{otlpconfig.WithURLPath(urlPath)}
 }
 
-// WithMaxAttempts allows one to override how many times the driver
-// will try to send the payload in case of retryable errors.
-// The max attempts is limited to at most 5 retries. If unset,
-// default (5) will be used.
-func WithMaxAttempts(maxAttempts int) Option {
-	return wrappedOption{otlpconfig.WithMaxAttempts(maxAttempts)}
-}
-
-// WithBackoff tells the driver to use the duration as a base of the
-// exponential backoff strategy. If unset, default (300ms) will be
-// used.
-func WithBackoff(duration time.Duration) Option {
-	return wrappedOption{otlpconfig.WithBackoff(duration)}
-}
-
 // WithTLSClientConfig can be used to set up a custom TLS
 // configuration for the client used to send payloads to the
 // collector. Use it if you want to use a custom certificate.
@@ -124,3 +97,12 @@ func WithHeaders(headers map[string]string) Option {
 func WithTimeout(duration time.Duration) Option {
 	return wrappedOption{otlpconfig.WithTimeout(duration)}
 }
+
+// WithRetry configures the retry policy for transient errors that may occurs
+// when exporting traces. An exponential back-off algorithm is used to ensure
+// endpoints are not overwhelmed with retries. If unset, the default retry
+// policy will retry after 5 seconds and increase exponentially after each
+// error for a total of 1 minute.
+func WithRetry(rc RetryConfig) Option {
+	return wrappedOption{otlpconfig.WithRetry(retry.Config(rc))}
+}