Allow importing only the API package in projects

[joaopgrassi]

Is your feature request related to a problem?
I'm working in improving support of OTel in Envoy Proxy. Currently, Envoy has it's own tracing code, (not using OTel), but it has an Tracer/Exporter that exports OTLP spans.

We are adding OTel spec-compliant Samplers to it, and we would like to re-use some of the types in the OTel C++ API, mainly around TraceStates. Of course the ultimate goal would be to use the SDK there and not rely on their "fork" things, but that's a long term goal and not as straightforward.

The problem: The import instructions in Incorporating into an existing Bazel Project are targeted to import both the SDK and API packages. For the case of using in Envoy, I only need the API. By following the instructions, I will bring a lot of other unneeded dependencies.

Describe the solution you'd like
I'd like to have a way to import only the API package into existing bazel projects, that brings only the minimum needed dependencies along with it.

Describe alternatives you've considered
None, not sure if there's another bazel magic that can work around this issue. If there are, please let me know!

Additional context
PR discussion about it in Envoy https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/pull/32333/files#r1493892700

[github-actions]

This issue was marked as stale due to lack of activity.

[joaopgrassi]

I guess this is not stale?

[github-actions]

This issue was marked as stale due to lack of activity.

[joaopgrassi]

@open-telemetry/cpp-maintainers I guess the stale bot should ignore issues that are triage/accepted?

[marcalff]

@open-telemetry/cpp-maintainers I guess the stale bot should ignore issues that are triage/accepted?

The stale bot can add stale tags, but stale issues are never closed in the opentelemetry-cpp repository:

• [CI] Do not automatically close stale issues #2277

CMake can only install API header files, but the bazel build does not support this option, so this is still relevant.

[github-actions]

This issue was marked as stale due to lack of activity.