diff --git a/.chloggen/addretrysetvalidation.yaml b/.chloggen/addretrysetvalidation.yaml
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..db6b49d0309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.chloggen/addretrysetvalidation.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: "enhancement"
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. otlpreceiver)
+component: "exporterhelper"
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: "Add RetrySettings validation function"
+
+# One or more tracking issues or pull requests related to the change
+issues: [9089]
diff --git a/exporter/exporterhelper/retry_sender.go b/exporter/exporterhelper/retry_sender.go
index 82ffce4389a..e437d50df0b 100644
--- a/exporter/exporterhelper/retry_sender.go
+++ b/exporter/exporterhelper/retry_sender.go
@@ -39,6 +39,28 @@ type RetrySettings struct {
 	MaxElapsedTime time.Duration `mapstructure:"max_elapsed_time"`
 }
 
+func (cfg *RetrySettings) Validate() error {
+	if !cfg.Enabled {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if cfg.InitialInterval < 0 {
+		return errors.New("'initial_interval' must be non-negative")
+	}
+	if cfg.RandomizationFactor < 0 || cfg.RandomizationFactor > 1 {
+		return errors.New("'randomization_factor' must be within [0, 1]")
+	}
+	if cfg.Multiplier <= 0 {
+		return errors.New("'multiplier' must be positive")
+	}
+	if cfg.MaxInterval < 0 {
+		return errors.New("'max_interval' must be non-negative")
+	}
+	if cfg.MaxElapsedTime < 0 {
+		return errors.New("'max_elapsed' time must be non-negative")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // NewDefaultRetrySettings returns the default settings for RetrySettings.
 func NewDefaultRetrySettings() RetrySettings {
 	return RetrySettings{
diff --git a/exporter/exporterhelper/retry_sender_test.go b/exporter/exporterhelper/retry_sender_test.go
index 9ecbb71906b..9169858c091 100644
--- a/exporter/exporterhelper/retry_sender_test.go
+++ b/exporter/exporterhelper/retry_sender_test.go
@@ -404,3 +404,66 @@ func tagsMatchLabelKeys(tags []tag.Tag, keys []metricdata.LabelKey, labels []met
 	}
 	return true
 }
+
+func TestNewDefaultRetrySettings(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := NewDefaultRetrySettings()
+	assert.NoError(t, cfg.Validate())
+	assert.Equal(t,
+		RetrySettings{
+			Enabled:             true,
+			InitialInterval:     5 * time.Second,
+			RandomizationFactor: 0.5,
+			Multiplier:          1.5,
+			MaxInterval:         30 * time.Second,
+			MaxElapsedTime:      5 * time.Minute,
+		}, cfg)
+}
+
+func TestInvalidInitialInterval(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := NewDefaultRetrySettings()
+	assert.NoError(t, cfg.Validate())
+	cfg.InitialInterval = -1
+	assert.Error(t, cfg.Validate())
+}
+
+func TestInvalidRandomizationFactor(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := NewDefaultRetrySettings()
+	assert.NoError(t, cfg.Validate())
+	cfg.RandomizationFactor = -1
+	assert.Error(t, cfg.Validate())
+	cfg.RandomizationFactor = 2
+	assert.Error(t, cfg.Validate())
+}
+
+func TestInvalidMultiplier(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := NewDefaultRetrySettings()
+	assert.NoError(t, cfg.Validate())
+	cfg.Multiplier = 0
+	assert.Error(t, cfg.Validate())
+}
+
+func TestInvalidMaxInterval(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := NewDefaultRetrySettings()
+	assert.NoError(t, cfg.Validate())
+	cfg.MaxInterval = -1
+	assert.Error(t, cfg.Validate())
+}
+
+func TestInvalidMaxElapsedTime(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := NewDefaultRetrySettings()
+	assert.NoError(t, cfg.Validate())
+	cfg.MaxElapsedTime = -1
+	assert.Error(t, cfg.Validate())
+}
+
+func TestDisabledWithInvalidValues(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RetrySettings{
+		Enabled:             false,
+		InitialInterval:     -1,
+		RandomizationFactor: -1,
+		Multiplier:          0,
+		MaxInterval:         -1,
+		MaxElapsedTime:      -1,
+	}
+	assert.NoError(t, cfg.Validate())
+}