diff --git a/.chloggen/prometheus-metrics-family-fix.yaml b/.chloggen/prometheus-metrics-family-fix.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..fef45d1d42a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.chloggen/prometheus-metrics-family-fix.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+change_type: bug_fix
+component: prometheusreceiver
+note: Fix metrics being grouped into the same metrics family incorrectly
+issues: [13117]
diff --git a/receiver/prometheusreceiver/internal/transaction.go b/receiver/prometheusreceiver/internal/transaction.go
index f9f08eecac90..ab2c9ae876c2 100644
--- a/receiver/prometheusreceiver/internal/transaction.go
+++ b/receiver/prometheusreceiver/internal/transaction.go
@@ -132,7 +132,10 @@ func (t *transaction) Append(ref storage.SeriesRef, ls labels.Labels, atMs int64
 func (t *transaction) getOrCreateMetricFamily(mn string) *metricFamily {
 	curMf, ok := t.families[mn]
 	if !ok {
-		fn := normalizeMetricName(mn)
+		fn := mn
+		if _, ok := t.mc.GetMetadata(mn); !ok {
+			fn = normalizeMetricName(mn)
+		}
 		if mf, ok := t.families[fn]; ok && mf.includesMetric(mn) {
 			curMf = mf
 		} else {
diff --git a/receiver/prometheusreceiver/metrics_receiver_test.go b/receiver/prometheusreceiver/metrics_receiver_test.go
index adec27b3a66f..44fabfe9671c 100644
--- a/receiver/prometheusreceiver/metrics_receiver_test.go
+++ b/receiver/prometheusreceiver/metrics_receiver_test.go
@@ -1076,6 +1076,15 @@ rpc_duration_seconds_sum{foo="no_quantile"} 101
 rpc_duration_seconds_count{foo="no_quantile"} 55
 `
 
+var target4Page1 = `
+# A simple counter
+# TYPE foo counter
+foo 0
+# Another counter with the same name but also _total suffix
+# TYPE foo_total counter
+foo_total 1
+`
+
 func verifyTarget3(t *testing.T, td *testData, resourceMetrics []pmetric.ResourceMetrics) {
 	verifyNumValidScrapeResults(t, td, resourceMetrics)
 	m1 := resourceMetrics[0]
@@ -1185,6 +1194,42 @@ func verifyTarget3(t *testing.T, td *testData, resourceMetrics []pmetric.Resourc
 	doCompare(t, "scrape2", wantAttributes, m2, e2)
 }
 
+func verifyTarget4(t *testing.T, td *testData, resourceMetrics []pmetric.ResourceMetrics) {
+	verifyNumValidScrapeResults(t, td, resourceMetrics)
+	m1 := resourceMetrics[0]
+
+	// m1 has 2 metrics + 5 internal scraper metrics
+	assert.Equal(t, 7, metricsCount(m1))
+
+	wantAttributes := td.attributes
+
+	metrics1 := m1.ScopeMetrics().At(0).Metrics()
+	ts1 := getTS(metrics1)
+	e1 := []testExpectation{
+		assertMetricPresent("foo",
+			compareMetricIsMonotonic(true),
+			[]dataPointExpectation{
+				{
+					numberPointComparator: []numberPointComparator{
+						compareTimestamp(ts1),
+						compareDoubleValue(0),
+					},
+				},
+			}),
+		assertMetricPresent("foo_info",
+			compareMetricIsMonotonic(true),
+			[]dataPointExpectation{
+				{
+					numberPointComparator: []numberPointComparator{
+						compareTimestamp(ts1),
+						compareDoubleValue(1.0),
+					},
+				},
+			}),
+	}
+	doCompare(t, "scrape-infostatesetmetrics-1", wantAttributes, m1, e1)
+}
+
 // TestCoreMetricsEndToEnd end to end test executor
 func TestCoreMetricsEndToEnd(t *testing.T) {
 	// 1. setup input data
@@ -1221,6 +1266,14 @@ func TestCoreMetricsEndToEnd(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			validateFunc: verifyTarget3,
 		},
+		{
+			name: "target4",
+			pages: []mockPrometheusResponse{
+				{code: 200, data: target4Page1, useOpenMetrics: false},
+			},
+			validateFunc:    verifyTarget4,
+			validateScrapes: true,
+		},
 	}
 	testComponent(t, targets, false, "")
 }