diff --git a/doc/api/path.md b/doc/api/path.md
index caefc15e601f1a..3d94f15eea556e 100644
--- a/doc/api/path.md
+++ b/doc/api/path.md
@@ -87,6 +87,19 @@ path.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux.html', '.html');
 // Returns: 'quux'
 ```
 
+Although Windows usually treats file names, including file extensions, in a
+case-insensitive manner, this function does not. For example, `C:\\foo.html` and
+`C:\\foo.HTML` refer to the same file, but `basename` treats the extension as a
+case-sensitive string:
+
+```js
+path.win32.basename('C:\\foo.html', '.html');
+// Returns: 'foo'
+
+path.win32.basename('C:\\foo.HTML', '.html');
+// Returns: 'foo.HTML'
+```
+
 A [`TypeError`][] is thrown if `path` is not a string or if `ext` is given
 and is not a string.