02-micronaut

GraalVM 101 - Micronaut

GraalVM 101: Practical Workshop to Get Started with GraalVM Enterprise Edition and Micronaut Framework.

Table of Contents

1. Install GraalVM EE
2. Creating a simple Spring Boot Bond Princing API
3. GraalVM JIT to boost Throughputs
4. GraalVM Native Image : Faster,Leaner
5. Cloud Native Deployments with GraalVM Native Image

Tooling and requirements

• sdk
• micronaut 3.7.4+
• Apache benchmark
• hey
• Maven
• upx
• Docker/Podman
• kubectl

Installing GraalVM EE

Use the following docs/links to install GraalVM Enterprise 22.3+ for Java 17

• GraalVM Installation instructions
• Oracle Linux /OCI

Bond Pricing Spring Boot API

A Bond is a financial instrument that represent a loan made by an investor to a borrower that pays investor a fixed rate of return over a specific timeframe(Maturity). At the end of the maturity period the Principal amount is paid back to the investor.

In this section, you will have to create a Bond Pricing SpringBoot API that compute the selling price of a bond using the Present Value Model with

Where:

• PV is the Selling price/Fair Value to compute
• C is a coupon, periodic interest received by the lender. C = Contractual * Face Value of the bond
• r is the market yield to maturity
• T represents the number of payment to received/ years( Maturity Term)
• More about the formular

1. Use Micronaut Launch to create the following project Fill the form with the following details. Application Type: Micronaut Application
   Java Version: 17
   Name: MnBondPricing Base Package: com.oracle.graalvm.demo
   Include Features: GraalVM, Micrometer-Prometheus
   

2. Download the project, unzip it and open the directory in your favorite code editor. Add a com.oracle.graalvm.demo.PricerController class as describeb below.

• The price conroller is annotated @Controller("/price") has two endpoints
• / return a welcome text
• /{name}/{principal}/{maturity}?yield=xx&interestRate=y used to compute the bond fair price

@Controller("/price")
public class PriceController {
  ...
@Get("/{name}/{principal}/{maturity}")
 String price (
   @PathVariable(name = "name") String name,
   @PathVariable(value ="principal" ) double principal,
   @PathVariable(value = "maturity") int maturity,
   @QueryValue(value = "yield") double yield,
   @QueryValue( value="interestRate" ) double interestRate
 )
 {
  Double bondMarketPrice=
    Stream.iterate(1, year -> year +1)
    .limit(maturity)
    .parallel()
    .mapToDouble(t -> interestRate*principal/Math.pow(1+yield,t)) // compute coupon (interest) stream
    .sum() ;

  bondMarketPrice += principal/Math.pow(1+yield,maturity);

  return String.format("%.3f\n",bondMarketPrice);
 }
 ...

Java version

$ java -version
java version "19.0.1" 2022-10-18
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment GraalVM EE 22.3.0 (build 19.0.1+10-jvmci-22.3-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM GraalVM EE 22.3.0 (build 19.0.1+10-jvmci-22.3-b07, mixed mode, sharing)

A full version is available in the repository.

Open JDK JIT Build

1. Clone the project

$git  clone https://github.com/nelvadas/GraalVM101 

2. Change the working direcotry to GraalVM101/02-micronaut/MnBondPricing

$cd GraalVM101/02-micronaut/MnBondPricing 

3. Use Maven to package the application.

$ mvn clean package
[INFO] Replacing original artifact with shaded artifact.
[INFO] Replacing /home/opc/GraalVM101/02-micronaut/MnBondPricing/target/MnBondPricing-0.1.jar with /home/opc/GraalVM101/02-micronaut/MnBondPricing/target/MnBondPricing-0.1-shaded.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 12.444 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-11-21T13:37:32Z
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Build a container image with OpenJDK17 as base image

$ docker build -t nelvadas/bondpricing:1.0.0-micronaut-openjdk17 -f ./docker/Dockerfile.openjdk .
Emulate Docker CLI using podman. Create /etc/containers/nodocker to quiet msg.
STEP 1/5: FROM openjdk:17-oraclelinux8
STEP 2/5: ARG APP_FILE=MnBondPricing-0.1.jar
--> Using cache 5970960c925f7b58c86cb4f8c920946972d4b5d42fa118a61edfc427eec935ce
--> 5970960c925
STEP 3/5: EXPOSE 8080
--> Using cache 692bce678d0af7fc3b4fbf792b5f7d883dbb4da0200063854841f24783ca8451
--> 692bce678d0
STEP 4/5: COPY ./target/${APP_FILE} app.jar
--> 92da598c1e8
STEP 5/5: CMD ["java","-jar","app.jar"]
COMMIT nelvadas/bondpricing:1.0.0-micronaut-openjdk17
--> 90f5b44f481
Successfully tagged localhost/nelvadas/bondpricing:1.0.0-micronaut-openjdk17
90f5b44f481d48600589fcd36cd0efe3f0f4d208b1ebad3a3710387e5ddeae86 

5. Start a local container

$ docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --rm --name MnBondPricing nelvadas/bondpricing:1.0.0-micronaut-openjdk17
Emulate Docker CLI using podman. Create /etc/containers/nodocker to quiet msg.
565683c94ad0923be9a39a0833110f56026696cbaa15ea6f47d3651fda186640

6. Check the containers logs and startup times.

$ docker logs 565683c94ad0
Emulate Docker CLI using podman. Create /etc/containers/nodocker to quiet msg.
 __  __ _                                  _
|  \/  (_) ___ _ __ ___  _ __   __ _ _   _| |_
| |\/| | |/ __| '__/ _ \| '_ \ / _` | | | | __|
| |  | | | (__| | | (_) | | | | (_| | |_| | |_
|_|  |_|_|\___|_|  \___/|_| |_|\__,_|\__,_|\__|
  Micronaut (v3.7.4)

13:42:50.677 [main] INFO  i.m.context.env.DefaultEnvironment - Established active environments: [oraclecloud, cloud]
13:42:51.589 [main] INFO  io.micronaut.runtime.Micronaut - Startup completed in 1562ms. Server Running: http://565683c94ad0:8080

This containers is ready to fullfill user resquests after 1.6 seconds

7. Send requests to the container.

$ curl 'localhost:8080/price/graalvm/100/10/?yield=0.03&interestRate=0.02'
91.470

The application is responding perfectly. We can now deploy it in any container platform of our choice. For this demo, we have a running Verrazzano cluster running on top of kubernetes 1.24

8. Deploy your application on Verrazzano or Any Kubernetes Plateform with Prometheus and Graphana to collect metrics.

$ kubectl apply -f ../03-verrazzano/bondpricer-jit.yaml`

9. Check application pods

$ kubectl get pods -n ms-dev
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
bondpricer-jit-workload-6bc7b6fcc5-7wb47   2/2     Running   0          4d23h

10. Check Virtual services

$ kubectl get virtualservices
NAME                               GATEWAYS                               HOSTS                                                    AGE
bondpricer-jit-ingress-rule-0-vs   ["ms-dev-bondpricer-jit-appconf-gw"]   ["bondpricer-jit-appconf.ms-dev.141.148.54.96.nip.io"]   61m

11. Call the application

$ curl -k  'https://bondpricer-jit-appconf.ms-dev.141.148.54.96.nip.io/price/graalvm/100/10/?yield=0.03&interestRate=0.02'
91.470

12. Launch stress tests

hey -z 20m 'https://bondpricer-jit-appconf.ms-dev.141.148.54.96.nip.io/price/graalvm/100/10/?yield=0.03&interestRate=0.02'

13. Check prometheus metrics from your web browser

https://bondpricer-jit-appconf.ms-dev.141.148.54.96.nip.io/prometheus

In the next section we are building the same application container image using AOT and GraalVM Native Image Enterprise.

Native image build with GraalVM Enterprise

0. check the multistage Dockerfile

# Install tar and gzip to extract the Maven binaries
RUN microdnf update \
 && microdnf install --nodocs \
    tar \
    gzip \
    maven \
 && microdnf clean all \
 && rm -rf /var/cache/yum


ENV MAVEN_HOME /usr/share/maven
ENV MAVEN_CONFIG "$USER_HOME_DIR/.m2"

# Set the working directory to /home/app
WORKDIR /build

# Copy the source code into the image for building
COPY . /build

# Build
RUN mvn clean package  -Dpackaging=native-image


# The deployment Image
FROM docker.io/oraclelinux:8-slim
EXPOSE 8080
# Copy the native executable into the containers
COPY --from=builder /build/target/MnBondPricing .
ENTRYPOINT ["/MnBondPricing"]

available for native image build. [Micronaut Maven plugin] (https://micronaut-projects.github.io/micronaut-maven-plugin/latest/examples/package.html)

1. Build native image

$ docker build  -t nelvadas/bondpricing:1.0.0-micronaut-graalee-native-u1 -f ./docker/Dockerfile.native-graalvm-ee .
Emulate Docker CLI using podman. Create /etc/containers/nodocker to quiet msg.
[1/2] STEP 1/7: FROM container-registry.oracle.com/graalvm/native-image-ee:ol8-java17 AS builder
[1/2] STEP 2/7: RUN microdnf update  && microdnf install --nodocs     tar     gzip     maven  && microdnf clean all  && rm -rf /var/cache/yum
Downloading metadata...
...
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       16.6s (3.2% of total time) in 104 GCs | Peak RSS: 3.90GB | CPU load: 1.82
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Produced artifacts:
 /build/target/MnBondPricing (executable)
 /build/target/MnBondPricing.build_artifacts.txt (txt)
========================================================================================================================
Finished generating 'MnBondPricing' in 8m 38s.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 09:11 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-11-24T14:56:34Z
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[WARNING] The requested profile "native" could not be activated because it does not exist.
--> 32abad31a8b
[2/2] STEP 1/4: FROM gcr.io/distroless/base-debian10
[2/2] STEP 2/4: EXPOSE 8080
--> 700ab57d45f

2. Push image to Docker registry repository

 docker push nelvadas/bondpricing:1.0.0-micronaut-graalee-native-u1

[opc@enono-workstation-01 MnBondPricing]$ docker images |grep micronaut
Emulate Docker CLI using podman. Create /etc/containers/nodocker to quiet msg.
localhost/nelvadas/bondpricing                         1.0.0-micronaut-graalee-native-u1  cd15b918c4e0  About an hour ago  86.8 MB
docker.io/nelvadas/bondpricing                         1.0.0-micronaut-graalce-native-u1  f66c72050e18  3 hours ago        165 MB
localhost/nelvadas/bondpricing                         1.0.0-micronaut-graalce-native-u1  f66c72050e18  3 hours ago        165 MB
localhost/nelvadas/bondpricing                         1.0.0-micronaut-openjdk17-u2       1e43d1de2965  26 hours ago       491 MB
localhost/nelvadas/bondpricing                         1.0.0-micronaut-openjdk17-u1       acea9d6cb391  2 days ago         491 MB
localhost/nelvadas/bondpricing                         1.0.0-micronaut-openjdk17          155536d84d4d  2 days ago         491 MB
[opc@enono-workstation-01 MnBondPricing]$

3. Deploy your application on Verrazzano or Any Kubernetes Plateform with Prometheus and Graphana to collect metrics.

kubectl apply -f ../03-verrazzano/bondpricer-native-ee.yaml`

4. Check application pods

$ kubectl get pods -n ms-dev-ee
NAME                                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
bondpricer-native-ee-workload-6b64fd985f-jmwtf   2/2     Running   0          3d21h

5. Check Virtual services

$$ kubectl get virtualservices -n ms-dev-ee
NAME                                     GATEWAYS                                        HOSTS                                                             AGE
bondpricer-native-ee-ingress-rule-0-vs   ["ms-dev-ee-bondpricer-native-ee-appconf-gw"]   ["bondpricer-native-ee-appconf.ms-dev-ee.141.148.54.96.nip.io"]   3d21h

Graphana Live Metrics dashboard

Send a huge workload by running the scrip

$ ./generateLoad.sh

Check the metrics on the grafana dashboad.

GraalVM EE application starts faster than the traditionnal app, and use less CPU & Memory.