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mount-disk.md

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How to mount a disk in Ubuntu Server

Mounting a hard drive in Ubuntu Server involves several steps, including identifying the drive, creating a mount point, and updating the filesystem table to ensure the drive mounts automatically at boot. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

Step 1: Identify the Hard Drive

  1. List all drives: Run the following command to list all connected drives:
sudo fdisk -l

or

lsblk

This will show a list of all block devices. Identify your new hard drive (e.g., /dev/sdb).

Step 2: Create a Partition (Optional)

If your hard drive is new and unpartitioned, you'll need to create a partition on it:

Run fdisk:

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Replace /dev/sdb with the correct drive identifier.

Inside fdisk:

  • Press n to create a new partition.
  • Follow the prompts to create a primary partition.
  • Press w to write the changes and exit.

Step 3: Format the Partition

Format the partition with the desired filesystem, for example, ext4:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

Replace /dev/sdb1 with the correct partition identifier.

Step 4: Create a Mount Point

Choose or create a directory where you want to mount the hard drive. For example, to create a mount point in /mnt/storage:

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/storage

Step 5: Mount the Hard Drive

Mount the drive to the created mount point:

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/storage

Replace /dev/sdb1 and /mnt/storage with your actual partition and mount point.

Step 6: Update fstab for Automatic Mounting

To ensure the drive mounts automatically on boot, you need to update the /etc/fstab file:

  1. Open /etc/fstab in a text editor:
sudo nano /etc/fstab
  1. Add a new entry: Add the following line to the end of the file:
/dev/sdb1  /mnt/storage  ext4  defaults  0  2
  1. Save and Exit.

Step 7: Verify the Mount

You can verify the mount by unmounting and remounting using fstab:

  1. Unmount the drive
sudo umount /mnt/storage

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
  1. Mount all filesystems in fstab:
sudo mount -a
  1. Check the mount:
df -h

This should display your newly mounted hard drive under /mnt/storage.

Summary

These steps outline the process of identifying, partitioning, formatting, creating a mount point, mounting, and configuring the hard drive to mount automatically on an Ubuntu Server. Adjust the commands to fit your specific drive identifiers and desired mount points.