diff --git a/src/compiler/commandLineParser.ts b/src/compiler/commandLineParser.ts
index 686af79a6cca0..50399fd5c38e7 100644
--- a/src/compiler/commandLineParser.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/commandLineParser.ts
@@ -1008,9 +1008,7 @@ namespace ts {
     function convertTypingOptionsFromJsonWorker(jsonOptions: any,
         basePath: string, errors: Diagnostic[], configFileName?: string): TypingOptions {
 
-        const options: TypingOptions = getBaseFileName(configFileName) === "jsconfig.json"
-            ? { enableAutoDiscovery: true, include: [], exclude: [] }
-            : { enableAutoDiscovery: false, include: [], exclude: [] };
+        const options: TypingOptions = { enableAutoDiscovery: getBaseFileName(configFileName) === "jsconfig.json", include: [], exclude: [] };
         convertOptionsFromJson(typingOptionDeclarations, jsonOptions, basePath, options, Diagnostics.Unknown_typing_option_0, errors);
         return options;
     }
@@ -1263,12 +1261,13 @@ namespace ts {
     /**
      * Gets directories in a set of include patterns that should be watched for changes.
      */
-    function getWildcardDirectories(include: string[], exclude: string[], path: string, useCaseSensitiveFileNames: boolean) {
+    function getWildcardDirectories(include: string[], exclude: string[], path: string, useCaseSensitiveFileNames: boolean): Map<WatchDirectoryFlags> {
         // We watch a directory recursively if it contains a wildcard anywhere in a directory segment
         // of the pattern:
         //
         //  /a/b/**/d   - Watch /a/b recursively to catch changes to any d in any subfolder recursively
         //  /a/b/*/d    - Watch /a/b recursively to catch any d in any immediate subfolder, even if a new subfolder is added
+        //  /a/b        - Watch /a/b recursively to catch changes to anything in any recursive subfoler
         //
         // We watch a directory without recursion if it contains a wildcard in the file segment of
         // the pattern:
@@ -1281,15 +1280,14 @@ namespace ts {
         if (include !== undefined) {
             const recursiveKeys: string[] = [];
             for (const file of include) {
-                const name = normalizePath(combinePaths(path, file));
-                if (excludeRegex && excludeRegex.test(name)) {
+                const spec = normalizePath(combinePaths(path, file));
+                if (excludeRegex && excludeRegex.test(spec)) {
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                const match = wildcardDirectoryPattern.exec(name);
+                const match = getWildcardDirectoryFromSpec(spec, useCaseSensitiveFileNames);
                 if (match) {
-                    const key = useCaseSensitiveFileNames ? match[0] : match[0].toLowerCase();
-                    const flags = watchRecursivePattern.test(name) ? WatchDirectoryFlags.Recursive : WatchDirectoryFlags.None;
+                    const { key, flags } = match;
                     const existingFlags = wildcardDirectories[key];
                     if (existingFlags === undefined || existingFlags < flags) {
                         wildcardDirectories[key] = flags;
@@ -1313,6 +1311,20 @@ namespace ts {
         return wildcardDirectories;
     }
 
+    function getWildcardDirectoryFromSpec(spec: string, useCaseSensitiveFileNames: boolean): { key: string, flags: WatchDirectoryFlags } | undefined {
+        const match = wildcardDirectoryPattern.exec(spec);
+        if (match) {
+            return {
+                key: useCaseSensitiveFileNames ? match[0] : match[0].toLowerCase(),
+                flags: watchRecursivePattern.test(spec) ? WatchDirectoryFlags.Recursive : WatchDirectoryFlags.None
+            };
+        }
+        if (isImplicitGlob(spec)) {
+            return { key: spec, flags: WatchDirectoryFlags.Recursive };
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Determines whether a literal or wildcard file has already been included that has a higher
      * extension priority.
diff --git a/src/compiler/core.ts b/src/compiler/core.ts
index 395ddb4057434..6df6658ea23bb 100644
--- a/src/compiler/core.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/core.ts
@@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@ namespace ts {
      */
     export function getDirectoryPath(path: Path): Path;
     export function getDirectoryPath(path: string): string;
-    export function getDirectoryPath(path: string): any {
+    export function getDirectoryPath(path: string): string {
         return path.substr(0, Math.max(getRootLength(path), path.lastIndexOf(directorySeparator)));
     }
 
@@ -1491,6 +1491,10 @@ namespace ts {
         return expectedPos >= 0 && str.indexOf(suffix, expectedPos) === expectedPos;
     }
 
+    export function hasExtension(fileName: string): boolean {
+        return getBaseFileName(fileName).indexOf(".") >= 0;
+    }
+
     export function fileExtensionIs(path: string, extension: string): boolean {
         return path.length > extension.length && endsWith(path, extension);
     }
@@ -1525,7 +1529,7 @@ namespace ts {
             return undefined;
         }
 
-        const replaceWildcardCharacter =  usage === "files" ? replaceWildCardCharacterFiles : replaceWildCardCharacterOther;
+        const replaceWildcardCharacter = usage === "files" ? replaceWildCardCharacterFiles : replaceWildCardCharacterOther;
         const singleAsteriskRegexFragment = usage === "files" ? singleAsteriskRegexFragmentFiles : singleAsteriskRegexFragmentOther;
 
         /**
@@ -1536,81 +1540,105 @@ namespace ts {
 
         let pattern = "";
         let hasWrittenSubpattern = false;
-        spec: for (const spec of specs) {
+        for (const spec of specs) {
             if (!spec) {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            let subpattern = "";
-            let hasRecursiveDirectoryWildcard = false;
-            let hasWrittenComponent = false;
-            const components = getNormalizedPathComponents(spec, basePath);
-            if (usage !== "exclude" && components[components.length - 1] === "**") {
-                continue spec;
+            const subPattern = getSubPatternFromSpec(spec, basePath, usage, singleAsteriskRegexFragment, doubleAsteriskRegexFragment, replaceWildcardCharacter);
+            if (subPattern === undefined) {
+                continue;
             }
 
-            // getNormalizedPathComponents includes the separator for the root component.
-            // We need to remove to create our regex correctly.
-            components[0] = removeTrailingDirectorySeparator(components[0]);
+            if (hasWrittenSubpattern) {
+                pattern += "|";
+            }
 
-            let optionalCount = 0;
-            for (let component of components) {
-                if (component === "**") {
-                    if (hasRecursiveDirectoryWildcard) {
-                        continue spec;
-                    }
+            pattern += "(" + subPattern + ")";
+            hasWrittenSubpattern = true;
+        }
 
-                    subpattern += doubleAsteriskRegexFragment;
-                    hasRecursiveDirectoryWildcard = true;
-                    hasWrittenComponent = true;
-                }
-                else {
-                    if (usage === "directories") {
-                        subpattern += "(";
-                        optionalCount++;
-                    }
+        if (!pattern) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
 
-                    if (hasWrittenComponent) {
-                        subpattern += directorySeparator;
-                    }
+        // If excluding, match "foo/bar/baz...", but if including, only allow "foo".
+        const terminator = usage === "exclude" ? "($|/)" : "$";
+        return `^(${pattern})${terminator}`;
+    }
 
-                    if (usage !== "exclude") {
-                        // The * and ? wildcards should not match directories or files that start with . if they
-                        // appear first in a component. Dotted directories and files can be included explicitly
-                        // like so: **/.*/.*
-                        if (component.charCodeAt(0) === CharacterCodes.asterisk) {
-                            subpattern += "([^./]" + singleAsteriskRegexFragment + ")?";
-                            component = component.substr(1);
-                        }
-                        else if (component.charCodeAt(0) === CharacterCodes.question) {
-                            subpattern += "[^./]";
-                            component = component.substr(1);
-                        }
-                    }
+    /**
+     * An "includes" path "foo" is implicitly a glob "foo/** /*" (without the space) if its last component has no extension,
+     * and does not contain any glob characters itself.
+     */
+    export function isImplicitGlob(lastPathComponent: string): boolean {
+        return !/[.*?]/.test(lastPathComponent);
+    }
+
+    function getSubPatternFromSpec(spec: string, basePath: string, usage: "files" | "directories" | "exclude", singleAsteriskRegexFragment: string, doubleAsteriskRegexFragment: string, replaceWildcardCharacter: (match: string) => string): string | undefined {
+        let subpattern = "";
+        let hasRecursiveDirectoryWildcard = false;
+        let hasWrittenComponent = false;
+        const components = getNormalizedPathComponents(spec, basePath);
+        const lastComponent = lastOrUndefined(components);
+        if (usage !== "exclude" && lastComponent === "**") {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+
+        // getNormalizedPathComponents includes the separator for the root component.
+        // We need to remove to create our regex correctly.
+        components[0] = removeTrailingDirectorySeparator(components[0]);
 
-                    subpattern += component.replace(reservedCharacterPattern, replaceWildcardCharacter);
-                    hasWrittenComponent = true;
+        if (isImplicitGlob(lastComponent)) {
+            components.push("**", "*");
+        }
+
+        let optionalCount = 0;
+        for (let component of components) {
+            if (component === "**") {
+                if (hasRecursiveDirectoryWildcard) {
+                    return undefined;
                 }
-            }
 
-            while (optionalCount > 0) {
-                subpattern += ")?";
-                optionalCount--;
+                subpattern += doubleAsteriskRegexFragment;
+                hasRecursiveDirectoryWildcard = true;
             }
+            else {
+                if (usage === "directories") {
+                    subpattern += "(";
+                    optionalCount++;
+                }
 
-            if (hasWrittenSubpattern) {
-                pattern += "|";
+                if (hasWrittenComponent) {
+                    subpattern += directorySeparator;
+                }
+
+                if (usage !== "exclude") {
+                    // The * and ? wildcards should not match directories or files that start with . if they
+                    // appear first in a component. Dotted directories and files can be included explicitly
+                    // like so: **/.*/.*
+                    if (component.charCodeAt(0) === CharacterCodes.asterisk) {
+                        subpattern += "([^./]" + singleAsteriskRegexFragment + ")?";
+                        component = component.substr(1);
+                    }
+                    else if (component.charCodeAt(0) === CharacterCodes.question) {
+                        subpattern += "[^./]";
+                        component = component.substr(1);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                subpattern += component.replace(reservedCharacterPattern, replaceWildcardCharacter);
             }
 
-            pattern += "(" + subpattern + ")";
-            hasWrittenSubpattern = true;
+            hasWrittenComponent = true;
         }
 
-        if (!pattern) {
-            return undefined;
+        while (optionalCount > 0) {
+            subpattern += ")?";
+            optionalCount--;
         }
 
-        return "^(" + pattern + (usage === "exclude" ? ")($|/)" : ")$");
+        return subpattern;
     }
 
     function replaceWildCardCharacterFiles(match: string) {
@@ -1697,6 +1725,7 @@ namespace ts {
     function getBasePaths(path: string, includes: string[], useCaseSensitiveFileNames: boolean) {
         // Storage for our results in the form of literal paths (e.g. the paths as written by the user).
         const basePaths: string[] = [path];
+
         if (includes) {
             // Storage for literal base paths amongst the include patterns.
             const includeBasePaths: string[] = [];
@@ -1704,14 +1733,8 @@ namespace ts {
                 // We also need to check the relative paths by converting them to absolute and normalizing
                 // in case they escape the base path (e.g "..\somedirectory")
                 const absolute: string = isRootedDiskPath(include) ? include : normalizePath(combinePaths(path, include));
-
-                const wildcardOffset = indexOfAnyCharCode(absolute, wildcardCharCodes);
-                const includeBasePath = wildcardOffset < 0
-                    ? removeTrailingDirectorySeparator(getDirectoryPath(absolute))
-                    : absolute.substring(0, absolute.lastIndexOf(directorySeparator, wildcardOffset));
-
                 // Append the literal and canonical candidate base paths.
-                includeBasePaths.push(includeBasePath);
+                includeBasePaths.push(getIncludeBasePath(absolute));
             }
 
             // Sort the offsets array using either the literal or canonical path representations.
@@ -1719,21 +1742,27 @@ namespace ts {
 
             // Iterate over each include base path and include unique base paths that are not a
             // subpath of an existing base path
-            include: for (let i = 0; i < includeBasePaths.length; i++) {
-                const includeBasePath = includeBasePaths[i];
-                for (let j = 0; j < basePaths.length; j++) {
-                    if (containsPath(basePaths[j], includeBasePath, path, !useCaseSensitiveFileNames)) {
-                        continue include;
-                    }
+            for (const includeBasePath of includeBasePaths) {
+                if (ts.every(basePaths, basePath => !containsPath(basePath, includeBasePath, path, !useCaseSensitiveFileNames))) {
+                    basePaths.push(includeBasePath);
                 }
-
-                basePaths.push(includeBasePath);
             }
         }
 
         return basePaths;
     }
 
+    function getIncludeBasePath(absolute: string): string {
+        const wildcardOffset = indexOfAnyCharCode(absolute, wildcardCharCodes);
+        if (wildcardOffset < 0) {
+            // No "*" or "?" in the path
+            return !hasExtension(absolute)
+                ? absolute
+                : removeTrailingDirectorySeparator(getDirectoryPath(absolute));
+        }
+        return absolute.substring(0, absolute.lastIndexOf(directorySeparator, wildcardOffset));
+    }
+
     export function ensureScriptKind(fileName: string, scriptKind?: ScriptKind): ScriptKind {
         // Using scriptKind as a condition handles both:
         // - 'scriptKind' is unspecified and thus it is `undefined`
diff --git a/src/compiler/program.ts b/src/compiler/program.ts
index a9c64f3ecbe3a..2bc31c706137a 100644
--- a/src/compiler/program.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/program.ts
@@ -971,10 +971,6 @@ namespace ts {
             return sortAndDeduplicateDiagnostics(allDiagnostics);
         }
 
-        function hasExtension(fileName: string): boolean {
-            return getBaseFileName(fileName).indexOf(".") >= 0;
-        }
-
         function processRootFile(fileName: string, isDefaultLib: boolean) {
             processSourceFile(normalizePath(fileName), isDefaultLib);
         }
diff --git a/src/compiler/types.ts b/src/compiler/types.ts
index f9ec3e9f268cc..14da212951e26 100644
--- a/src/compiler/types.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/types.ts
@@ -3092,6 +3092,7 @@ namespace ts {
         Pretty,
     }
 
+    /** Either a parsed command line or a parsed tsconfig.json */
     export interface ParsedCommandLine {
         options: CompilerOptions;
         typingOptions?: TypingOptions;
diff --git a/src/harness/unittests/matchFiles.ts b/src/harness/unittests/matchFiles.ts
index 79e9668d073c7..b514ac142c50b 100644
--- a/src/harness/unittests/matchFiles.ts
+++ b/src/harness/unittests/matchFiles.ts
@@ -91,6 +91,12 @@ namespace ts {
 
     const defaultExcludes = ["node_modules", "bower_components", "jspm_packages"];
 
+    function assertParsed(actual: ts.ParsedCommandLine, expected: ts.ParsedCommandLine): void {
+        assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
+        assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
+        assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+    }
+
     describe("matchFiles", () => {
         describe("with literal file list", () => {
             it("without exclusions", () => {
@@ -110,9 +116,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("missing files are still present", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -131,9 +135,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("are not removed due to excludes", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -155,9 +157,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
         });
 
@@ -179,9 +179,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with non .ts file extensions are excluded", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -200,9 +198,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with missing files are excluded", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -221,9 +217,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with literal excludes", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -244,9 +238,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with wildcard excludes", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -274,9 +266,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with recursive excludes", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -303,9 +293,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with case sensitive exclude", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -325,9 +313,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseSensitiveHost, caseSensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with common package folders and no exclusions", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -349,9 +335,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveCommonFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with common package folders and exclusions", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -378,9 +362,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveCommonFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with common package folders and empty exclude", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -406,9 +388,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {},
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveCommonFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
         });
 
@@ -432,9 +412,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("`*` matches only ts files", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -455,9 +433,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("`?` matches only a single character", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -477,9 +453,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with recursive directory", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -501,9 +475,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with multiple recursive directories", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -527,9 +499,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("case sensitive", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -548,9 +518,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseSensitiveHost, caseSensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with missing files are excluded", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -570,9 +538,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("always include literal files", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -597,9 +563,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("exclude folders", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -624,9 +588,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with common package folders and no exclusions", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -645,9 +607,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveCommonFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with common package folders and exclusions", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -671,9 +631,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveCommonFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with common package folders and empty exclude", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -696,9 +654,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     },
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveCommonFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("exclude .js files when allowJs=false", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -723,9 +679,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("include .js files when allowJs=true", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -750,9 +704,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("include explicitly listed .min.js files when allowJs=true", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -777,9 +729,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("include paths outside of the project", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -803,9 +753,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("include paths outside of the project using relative paths", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -828,9 +776,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("exclude paths outside of the project using relative paths", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -851,9 +797,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {}
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("include files with .. in their name", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -873,9 +817,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     wildcardDirectories: {}
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("exclude files with .. in their name", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -897,9 +839,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with jsx=none, allowJs=false", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -922,9 +862,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveMixedExtensionHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with jsx=preserve, allowJs=false", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -949,9 +887,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveMixedExtensionHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with jsx=none, allowJs=true", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -976,9 +912,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveMixedExtensionHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("with jsx=preserve, allowJs=true", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -1005,9 +939,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveMixedExtensionHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             it("exclude .min.js files using wildcards", () => {
                 const json = {
@@ -1034,9 +966,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             describe("with trailing recursive directory", () => {
                 it("in includes", () => {
@@ -1056,9 +986,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         wildcardDirectories: {}
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
                 it("in excludes", () => {
                     const json = {
@@ -1079,9 +1007,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         wildcardDirectories: {}
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
             });
             describe("with multiple recursive directory patterns", () => {
@@ -1102,9 +1028,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         wildcardDirectories: {}
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
                 it("in excludes", () => {
                     const json = {
@@ -1131,9 +1055,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         }
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
             });
 
@@ -1155,9 +1077,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         wildcardDirectories: {}
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
 
                 it("in includes after a subdirectory", () => {
@@ -1177,9 +1097,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         wildcardDirectories: {}
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
 
                 it("in excludes immediately after", () => {
@@ -1207,9 +1125,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         }
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
 
                 it("in excludes after a subdirectory", () => {
@@ -1237,9 +1153,25 @@ namespace ts {
                         }
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
+                });
+            });
+
+            describe("with implicit globbification", () => {
+                it("Expands 'z' to 'z/**/*'", () => {
+                    const json = {
+                        include: ["z"]
+                    };
+                    const expected: ts.ParsedCommandLine = {
+                        options: {},
+                        errors: [],
+                        fileNames: [ "a.ts", "aba.ts", "abz.ts", "b.ts", "bba.ts", "bbz.ts" ].map(x => `c:/dev/z/${x}`),
+                        wildcardDirectories: {
+                            "c:/dev/z": ts.WatchDirectoryFlags.Recursive
+                        }
+                    };
+                    const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
             });
         });
@@ -1264,9 +1196,7 @@ namespace ts {
                     }
                 };
                 const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveDottedFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                assertParsed(actual, expected);
             });
             describe("that are explicitly included", () => {
                 it("without wildcards", () => {
@@ -1286,9 +1216,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         wildcardDirectories: {}
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveDottedFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
                 it("with recursive wildcards that match directories", () => {
                     const json = {
@@ -1310,9 +1238,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         }
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveDottedFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
                 it("with recursive wildcards that match nothing", () => {
                     const json = {
@@ -1334,9 +1260,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         }
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveDottedFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
                 it("with wildcard excludes that implicitly exclude dotted files", () => {
                     const json = {
@@ -1357,9 +1281,7 @@ namespace ts {
                         wildcardDirectories: {}
                     };
                     const actual = ts.parseJsonConfigFileContent(json, caseInsensitiveDottedFoldersHost, caseInsensitiveBasePath, undefined, caseInsensitiveTsconfigPath);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.fileNames, expected.fileNames);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.wildcardDirectories, expected.wildcardDirectories);
-                    assert.deepEqual(actual.errors, expected.errors);
+                    assertParsed(actual, expected);
                 });
             });
         });