From 34f90ca8e47e374ee391e531827cc714835d483c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Jason K. Moore" Date: Sun, 5 Nov 2023 14:17:50 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 1/4] Use the 2023 springer class. --- paper/sn-jnl.cls | 1764 +--------------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1763 deletions(-) diff --git a/paper/sn-jnl.cls b/paper/sn-jnl.cls index da658c5..1295f56 100644 --- a/paper/sn-jnl.cls +++ b/paper/sn-jnl.cls @@ -1,1763 +1 @@ -%% -%% This is file `sn-jnl.cls', -%% generated with the docstrip utility. -%% -%% The original source files were: -%% -%% classes.dtx (with options: `sn-jnl') -%% -%% This is a generated file. -%% -%% Copyright 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 -%% The LaTeX3 Project and any individual authors listed elsewhere -%% in this file. -%% -%% This file was generated from file(s) of the LaTeX base system. -%% -------------------------------------------------------------- -%% -%% It may be distributed and/or modified under the -%% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c -%% of this license or (at your option) any later version. -%% The latest version of this license is in -%% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt -%% and version 1.3c or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX -%% version 2005/12/01 or later. -%% -%% This file has the LPPL maintenance status "maintained". -%% -%% This file may only be distributed together with a copy of the LaTeX -%% base system. You may however distribute the LaTeX base system without -%% such generated files. -%% -%% The list of all files belonging to the LaTeX base distribution is -%% given in the file `manifest.txt'. See also `legal.txt' for additional -%% information. -%% -%% The list of derived (unpacked) files belonging to the distribution -%% and covered by LPPL is defined by the unpacking scripts (with -%% extension .ins) which are part of the distribution. -%% \CharacterTable -%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z -%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z -%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9 -%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \# -%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \& -%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \) -%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \, -%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/ -%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \< -%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \? -%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\ -%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_ -%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \| -%% Right brace \} Tilde \~} -\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] -\ProvidesClass{sn-jnl} - [2019/11/18 v0.1: An authoring template for Springer Journal articles] - -\newif\if@restonecol -\newif\if@titlepage \@titlepagefalse -\newif\if@cropmarkson \@cropmarksonfalse -\newif\ifDoublecol \Doublecolfalse% -\newif\ifpagebody\global\pagebodyfalse% -\newif\if@iicol\global\@iicolfalse% -\newif\if@bibcomment\global\@bibcommentfalse% -\newif\if@referee\global\@refereefalse% -\newif\if@vrulerlinenumberon\global\@vrulerlinenumberonfalse% -\newif\if@pdflatex\global\@pdflatexfalse% -\newif\if@remarkboxon\global\@remarkboxonfalse% - -\newif\if@Spr@basic@refstyle\global\@Spr@basic@refstylefalse% 1.Basic Springer Nature Reference Style/Chemistry Reference Style -> sn-basic.bst -\newif\if@Mathphys@refstyle\global\@Mathphys@refstylefalse% 2.Math and Physical Sciences Reference Style -> sn-mathphys.bst -\newif\if@APS@refstyle\global\@APS@refstylefalse% 3.American Physical Society (APS) Reference Style -> sn-APS.bst -\newif\if@Vancouver@refstyle\global\@Vancouver@refstylefalse% 4.Vancouver Reference Style -> sn-vancouver.bst -\newif\if@APA@refstyle\global\@APA@refstylefalse% 5.APA-based Social Sciences/Psychology Reference Style -> sn-apacite.bst -\newif\if@Chicago@refstyle\global\@Chicago@refstylefalse% 6.Chicago-based Humanities Reference Style -> sn-chicago.bst -\newif\if@Standard@Nature@refstyle\global\@Standard@Nature@refstylefalse% 7.Standard Nature Research Style -> sn-nature.bst -\newif\if@Default@refstyle\global\@Default@refstylefalse% 8. default reference style - no bib/bst required - -%% Template Options -\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\PassOptionsToPackage{a4}{crop}} -\DeclareOption{a3paper}{\PassOptionsToClass{a3paper}{article}\PassOptionsToPackage{a3}{crop}} -\DeclareOption{centre}{\PassOptionsToPackage{center}{crop}} -\DeclareOption{crop}{\PassOptionsToPackage{frame}{crop}\global\@cropmarksontrue} -\DeclareOption{nocrop}{\PassOptionsToPackage{off}{crop}\global\@cropmarksontrue} -\DeclareOption{info}{\PassOptionsToPackage{info}{crop}} -\DeclareOption{noinfo}{\PassOptionsToPackage{noinfo}{crop}} - -%% Classfile Options -\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse} -\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue} -\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}} -\DeclareOption{titlepage}{\@titlepagetrue} -\DeclareOption{notitlepage}{\@titlepagefalse} -\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse} -\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue} -\DeclareOption{openbib}{\let\if@openbib\iftrue} -\DeclareOption{pagegrid}{\global\pagebodytrue}% -\DeclareOption{iicol}{\global\@iicoltrue}% -\DeclareOption{bibcomment}{\global\@bibcommenttrue}% -\DeclareOption{referee}{\global\@refereetrue}% -\DeclareOption{lineno}{\global\@vrulerlinenumberontrue}% -\DeclareOption{pdflatex}{\global\@pdflatextrue}% -\DeclareOption{remarkboxoff}{\global\@remarkboxonfalse}% - -\DeclareOption{sn-basic}{\global\@Spr@basic@refstyletrue}% -\DeclareOption{sn-mathphys}{\global\@Mathphys@refstyletrue}% -\DeclareOption{sn-aps}{\global\@APS@refstyletrue}% -\DeclareOption{sn-vancouver}{\global\@Vancouver@refstyletrue}% -\DeclareOption{sn-apa}{\global\@APA@refstyletrue}% -\DeclareOption{sn-chicago}{\global\@Chicago@refstyletrue}% -\DeclareOption{sn-standardnature}{\global\@Standard@Nature@refstyletrue}% -\DeclareOption{default}{\global\@Default@refstyletrue}% - -%%\ExecuteOptions{twosidecrop,crop,centre,info,croppage} -\ProcessOptions -\LoadClass[twoside,fleqn]{article} - -\gdef\refereedefns{% -\if@referee% -\usepackage{setspace}% -\doublespacing% -\fi}% -\refereedefns% - -%% General Packages Used -% -\AtBeginDocument{% -%%\newcommand*\ExtraParaSkip{12pt}% -\SetFootnoteHook{\hspace*{-8pt}}% -\DeclareNewFootnote{A}[gobble]% -\setlength{\skip\footinsA}{0pt}}% -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonts & Sizes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -%% Fonts Used -%%\RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}% -% -\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}% -\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}% -\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}% -\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}% -\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}% -\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}% -\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}% -\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}% -\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}% -% -\renewcommand\normalsize{% - 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\kern3\p@% - \hrule \@height.2mm \@width\columnwidth% - \kern5.5\p@}% -% -\else% -%% For single column used smallcond design trim and page size %% -\RequirePackage[% - reversemp, - paperwidth=155mm, - paperheight=235mm, - top={19.5mm}, - headheight={5.5pt}, - headsep={5.6mm}, - text={119mm,194.25mm}, - marginparsep=5mm, - marginparwidth=12mm, - bindingoffset=6mm, - footskip=10mm]{geometry} -% - \setlength\maxdepth{0pt}% - \setlength\columnsep{5mm}% - \setlength{\marginparsep}{5mm}% - \setlength{\marginparwidth}{12mm}% - \setlength\footnotesep{5.75\p@}% - \setlength{\skip\footins}{8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 0\p@}% -% -\renewcommand\footnoterule{% - \kern3\p@% - \ifodd\c@page% - \hrule \@height.2mm \@width\textwidth% - \else% - \hrule \@height.2mm \@width37mm - \fi% - \kern5.5\p@}% -% -\fi% -% -% -\setlength\parindent{1.5em}% -% -\def\StepUpCounter#1{\global\advance#1by 1\relax}% -\def\StepDownCounter#1{\global\advance#1by -1\relax}% -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Standard LaTeX Packages %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -\usepackage{graphicx}% -\usepackage{multirow}% -\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsfonts}% -\usepackage{amsthm}% -\usepackage{mathrsfs}% -\usepackage[figuresright]{rotating}% -\usepackage[title]{appendix}% -\usepackage{xcolor}% -\usepackage{textcomp}% -\usepackage{manyfoot}% -\usepackage{booktabs}% -\usepackage{algorithm}% -\usepackage{algorithmicx}% -\usepackage{algpseudocode}% -\usepackage{program}% -\usepackage{listings}% -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Pagination Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -% Line spacing -\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}% -\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}% -%%\renewcommand\baselinestretch{1.5}% -\parskip=0pt% -% -% Page break penalties -% -\@lowpenalty 51 -\@medpenalty 151 -\@highpenalty 301 -% -% Disallow widows and orphans -% -\clubpenalty 10000 -\widowpenalty 10000 -% -% Disable page breaks before equations, allow pagebreaks after -% equations and discourage widow lines before equations. -% -\displaywidowpenalty 100 -\predisplaypenalty 10000 -\postdisplaypenalty 0 -% -% Set these global demerits -% -\doublehyphendemerits 1000000 % corresponds to badness 800 -\finalhyphendemerits 1000000 % corresponds to badness 1000 -% -% Allow loose lines rather than overfull lines -% -\vbadness=9999 -\tolerance=9999 -% -% Allow breaking the page in the middle of a paragraph -% -\interlinepenalty 0 -% -% Disallow breaking the page after a hyphenated line -\brokenpenalty 10000 -% -% Hyphenation; don't split words into less than three characters -\lefthyphenmin=3 -\righthyphenmin=3 -% -% Float placement parameters -% -% The total number of floats that can be allowed on a page. -\setcounter{totalnumber}{3} -% -% The maximum number of floats at the top and bottom of a page. -\setcounter{topnumber}{5} -\setcounter{bottomnumber}{5} -% -% The maximum part of the top or bottom of a text page that can be -% occupied by floats. 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- -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Math Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% For above/below spacing -\def\eqnarray{% - \stepcounter{equation}% - \def\@currentlabel{\p@equation\theequation}% - \global\@eqnswtrue - \m@th - \global\@eqcnt\z@ - \tabskip\@centering - \let\\\@eqncr - $$\everycr{}\halign to\displaywidth\bgroup - \hskip\@centering$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip{##}$\@eqnsel - &\global\@eqcnt\@ne\hskip \tw@\arraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil - &\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip \tw@\arraycolsep - $\displaystyle{##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering - &\global\@eqcnt\thr@@ \hb@xt@\z@\bgroup\hss##\egroup - \tabskip\z@skip - \cr -} -\def\endeqnarray{% - \@@eqncr - \egroup - \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne - $$\@ignoretrue -} -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Titles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -\renewcommand\refname{References}% -\renewcommand\figurename{Fig.}% defined as per springer style -\renewcommand\tablename{Table}% -\renewcommand\appendixname{Appendix}% -\renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract}% -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article Front Matter %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% - -\def\raggedleft{\leftskip0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% -\def\raggedright{\rightskip0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% -\def\raggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil% -\parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% -\def\titraggedcenter{\leftskip=12pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=12pt plus 0.5fil% -\parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% -\def\absraggedcenter{\leftskip=24pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=24pt plus 0.5fil% -\parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% - -% -%%% Font Def -\def\Artcatfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont}% -\def\Titlefont{\reset@font\fontsize{17bp}{22.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% -\def\SubTitlefont{\reset@font\fontsize{14bp}{16.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% -\def\Authorfont{\reset@font\fontsize{12bp}{14.5bp}\selectfont\boldmath\titraggedcenter}% -\def\addressfont{\reset@font\fontsize{11bp}{13.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% -\def\abstractheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\bfseries\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% -\def\abstractsubheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\bfseries\selectfont}% -\def\abstractfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt}% -\def\keywordfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus0.5fill}% -\def\historyfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus0.5fill}% - -%% Article Type - -\newbox\artcatbox% - -\AtBeginDocument{\definecolor{artcatboxgray}{cmyk}{0.0,0.0,0.0,0.30}}% - -\def\articletype#1{\if!#1!\else\setbox\artcatbox\hbox{\Artcatfont\hskip1mm#1\hskip1mm}\fi% -\gdef\ArtType{\fboxsep=0pt\colorbox{artcatboxgray}{\vbox to 4mm{\vfil% - {\raggedright\box\artcatbox}\vfil}}}% -\gdef\@ArtType{#1}}% -%%\articletype{RESEARCH ARTICLE}% -\articletype{}% - -%% Meta Info -\def\@jyear{{0000}}% -\def\jyear#1{\gdef\@jyear{#1}}% - -%% Article Title - -\renewcommand{\title}[2][]{% -\gdef\@checktitle{#1}\ifx\@checktitle\empty\gdef\@title{#2}% -\gdef\s@title{#2}\else\gdef\@title{#2}\gdef\s@title{#1}\fi% -\markboth{\textit{\s@title}}{\textit{\s@title}}}% - -\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}\subtitle{}% - -%% Cross Link for Author & Address -\def\jmkLabel#1{\@bsphack\protected@write\@auxout{}{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\@currentlabel}}\@esphack}% -\def\Newlabel#1#2{\expandafter\xdef\csname X@#1\endcsname{#2}}% -\def\jmkRef#1{\@ifundefined{X@#1}{0}{\csname X@#1\endcsname}}% - -%% Article Author(s) -\let\sep\@empty% -\let\authorsep\@empty% -\newcount\aucount% -\newcount\corraucount% -\newcount\punctcount% -% -\def\artauthors{}% -\newif\if@auemail% -\newif\if@corauemail% -% -\def\au@and{\ifnum\punctcount=2\ and\else\unskip,\advance\punctcount by -1 \fi}% -% -\def\author{\advance\aucount by 1\@ifstar\@@corrauthor\@@author}% -% -\newcommand{\@@author}[2][]{\@corauemailfalse% -\g@addto@macro\artauthors{% - \ifnum\aucount=1% - \global\@auemailtrue% - \else% - \global\@auemailfalse% - \fi% - \Authorfont% - \def\baselinestretch{1}% - \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx#1\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{% - \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{1}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}% - \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}}\fi% - \def\authorsep{\au@and~}%%% - \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty% -}}% -% -\newcommand{\@@corrauthor}[2][]{\@corauemailtrue\advance\corraucount by 1% -\g@addto@macro\artauthors{% - \global\@auemailtrue% - \Authorfont% - \def\baselinestretch{1}% - \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx#1\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{% - \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{1}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}% - \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}{*}\hskip-1pt}\fi\unskip% - \def\authorsep{\au@and~}%%% - \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty% -}}% -%% -%% Miscellaneous macros %% -%% -\def\fnm#1{#1}% -\def\sur#1{#1}% -\def\spfx#1{#1}% -\def\pfx#1{#1}% -\def\sfx#1{#1}% -\def\tanm#1{#1}% -\def\dgr#1{#1}% -% -%% Author Email -% -\let\nomail\relax% -\def\corrauthemail{}% -\def\authemail{}% - -\newcount\emailcnt% - -\def\email#1{\global\advance\emailcnt by 1\relax% -\if@corauemail% - \g@addto@macro\corrauthemail{% - \setcounter{footnote}{0}% - \textcolor{blue}{#1};\ % - }% -\else% - \g@addto@macro\authemail{% - \setcounter{footnote}{0}% - \textcolor{blue}{#1};\ % - }% -\fi} - -%% Corrseponding Address -\def\@copycorthanks{}% -\def\auaddress{}% -\def\@auaddress{}% - -\newcounter{affn}% -\newcount\addcount% To check the count of address - -\renewcommand\theaffn{\arabic{affn}}% - -\def\affil{\advance\addcount by 1\@ifstar\@@coraddress\@@address}% - -\newcommand{\@@coraddress}[2][]{%\advance\addcount by 1 -\g@addto@macro\auaddress{% - \stepcounter{affn}% - \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}% - \jmkLabel{\theaffn}% - {\textsuperscript{#1*}#2.\par} } -} - -%% Macros for present address - -\newif\ifpresentaddress% - -\def\@presentaddresstxt{}% -\def\presentaddresstxt#1{\gdef\@presentaddresstxt{#1:}}\presentaddresstxt{Present Address}% -\newcommand{\presentaddress}[1]{\gdef\@presentaddresstext{\@presentaddresstxt\par#1}\global\presentaddresstrue}% - -%% Macros for equally contributed - -\newif\ifequalcont% - -%\def\@equalconttxt{}% -%\def\equalcontxt#1{\gdef\@equalconttxt{#1}}\equalcontxt{These authors contributed equally to this work.}% -%\newcommand{\equalcont}[1][\@equalconttxt]{\gdef\@equalconttext{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{$^{\dagger}$}\global\equalconttrue}% - -\def\@equalconttxt{}% -\def\equalcontxt#1{\gdef\@equalconttxt{#1}}\equalcontxt{}% -\newcommand{\equalcont}[1]{\gdef\@equalconttext{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{$^{\dagger}$}\global\equalconttrue}% - -%% Author Address - -\newcommand{\@@address}[2][]{%%\advance\addcount by 1 -\g@addto@macro\auaddress{% - \stepcounter{affn}% - \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}% - \jmkLabel{\theaffn}% - {\textsuperscript{#1}#2.\par} }%\theaffn -} - -%% Address tagging -\newcommand{\orgdiv}[1]{#1}% -\newcommand{\orgname}[1]{#1}% -\newcommand{\orgaddress}[1]{#1}% -\newcommand{\street}[1]{#1}% -\newcommand{\postcode}[1]{#1}% -\newcommand{\city}[1]{#1}% -\newcommand{\state}[1]{#1}% -\newcommand{\country}[1]{#1}% - -%% Article notes - -\def\@artnote{}% -\def\artnote#1{\gdef\@artnote{#1}}% - -%% Miscellaneous notes - -\def\@miscnote{}% -\def\miscnote#1{\gdef\@miscnote{\par\addvspace{3pt}#1}}% - -%% Motto - -\def\mottofont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8.5bp}{10bp}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\raggedright} -% -\let\@motto\@empty -\def\mottoraggedright{\rightskip0mm\leftskip=42mm plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% -\newcommand{\motto}[2][]{\gdef\@headcheck{#1}\gdef\@motto{\@headcheck\ifx\@headcheck\@empty\vskip12pt\else\fi{\mottofont\mottoraggedright#2\par}}} - -%% Article Abstract -\newcommand\abstracthead{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-22pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{3pt}{\abstractheadfont}} -\newcommand\subabstracthead{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{3pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{-.5em}{\abstractsubheadfont}} - -\def\@abstract{}% -\long\def\abstract#1 \par{\def\@abstract{% -\let\paragraph\subabstracthead% -\abstractfont% -\abstracthead*{\abstractname}% -#1\par}}% - -\def\printabstract{\ifx\@abstract\empty\else\@abstract\fi\par}% - -\def\printkeywords{\ifx\@keywords\empty\else\@keywords\fi\par}% - -% -%% Keywords -\def\keywordname{Keywords}% -\def\keywords#1{\ifx#1\empty\else\def\@keywords{\par\addvspace{10pt}{\keywordfont{\bfseries\keywordname:} #1\par}}\fi}% -\def\@keywords{}% - -%% PACs - -\def\pacsbullet{\hbox{\hskip2.5pt,\hskip2.5pt}}% - -\def\change@commas#1,#2{% - \ifx#2\@empty% - #1% - \else% - #1\nobreak\hbox{\pacsbullet}\allowbreak\expandafter\change@commas% - \fi% - #2}% - -\newcommand\keywordhead[1]{\par\addvspace{10pt}% -{{\keywordfont\bfseries#1:\ }}}% - -\newcommand{\pacs}[1]{\keywordhead{\pacsname}#1}% -% -\newcount\PacsCount% -\PacsCount=0% -% -\newcount\PacsTmpCnt% -\PacsTmpCnt=1% -% -\gdef\StorePacsText#1#2{% -\edef\GetRoman{\romannumeral#1}% -\expandafter\gdef\csname\GetRoman StorePacsTxt\endcsname{#2}% -}% -% -\let\oldpacs\pacs% -\renewcommand\pacs[2][PAC Codes]{\gdef\pacsname{{\bfseries#1}}\gdef\@pacs{\keywordfont\raggedright\oldpacs\change@commas#2,\@empty\par} -\StepUpCounter{\PacsCount}% -\StorePacsText{\the\PacsCount}{\gdef\pacsname{{\bfseries#1}}\keywordfont\raggedright\oldpacs\change@commas#2,\@empty}% -}% - -\def\@pacs{}% - -%% Glossary - -\def\gloshead{Glossary}% - -\newenvironment{glos}[1][\gloshead]{\begingroup\parindent=0pt% -\section*{#1} -\def\item[##1]{##1,\ }}{% -\endgroup}% -% - -%% Article History - -\def\received#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{Received #1}}}% -\def\revised#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; revised #1}}}% -\def\accepted#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; accepted #1}}}% - -%% Remark on Front page %% - -\newdimen\FMremarkdim% - -\newcommand{\FMremark}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt% -\if@referee\singlespacing\fi% -\fboxsep=6pt\fboxrule=0.5pt% -\FMremarkdim=\textwidth%%\paperwidth% -\advance\FMremarkdim-\fboxsep% -\advance\FMremarkdim-2\fboxrule% -\if@referee\vskip-21pt\fi% -%%\fbox{\vbox{\hsize=\FMremarkdim\small% -\unvbox\fmremarkbox -%%}}% -\endgroup} - -\newbox\fmremarkbox% - -\newenvironment{fmremark}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt% -\fboxsep=6pt\fboxrule=0.5pt% -\FMremarkdim=\textwidth%%\paperwidth% -\advance\FMremarkdim-\fboxsep% -\advance\FMremarkdim-2\fboxrule% -\global\setbox\fmremarkbox\vbox\bgroup\small% -}{\egroup\endgroup} - -%% Article Header Definition -\renewcommand{\@maketitle}{\newpage\null% - \if@remarkboxon\vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-78pt}\hspace*{-18pt}\FMremark}\else\vskip21pt\fi%%\par% - \hsize\textwidth\parindent0pt%%%\vskip7pt% - %% Aritle Type - {\hbox to \textwidth{{\Artcatfont\ArtType\hfill}\par}} - %% Aritle Title - \ifx\@title\empty\else% - \removelastskip\vskip20pt\nointerlineskip% - {\Titlefont\@title\par} - %\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\@title}% for bookmarks - \fi% - %% Aritle SubTitle - \ifx\@subtitle\empty\else% - \vskip9pt% - {{\SubTitlefont\@subtitle\par}} - \fi% - %% Aritle Authors, Address and Correspondings - \ifnum\aucount>0 - \global\punctcount\aucount% - \vskip20pt% - \artauthors\par%% authors and emails - {\vskip7pt\addressfont\auaddress\par%% corresponding adress - \removelastskip\vskip24pt% - \ifnum\emailcnt>0\relax% - \ifx\corrauthemail\@empty\else{\ifnum\aucount>1*\fi}% - Corresponding author(s). E-mail(s): \corrauthemail\par\fi% - \ifx\authemail\@empty\else Contributing authors:\ \authemail\fi% - \fi% - \ifequalcont{\par$^{\dagger}$\@equalconttext\par}\fi% - \removelastskip\vskip24pt% - \ifpresentaddress{\par\@presentaddresstext\par}\fi% - } - \fi% - {\printabstract\par}% - {\printkeywords\par}% - \ifx\@pacs\empty\else% - \loop\ifnum\PacsCount>0% - \csname\romannumeral\PacsTmpCnt StorePacsTxt\endcsname\par% - \StepDownCounter{\PacsCount}% - \StepUpCounter{\PacsTmpCnt}% - \repeat% - \fi% - %%{\printhistory\par}% - %%{\ifx\@motto\empty\else\@motto\fi}% - \removelastskip\vskip36pt\vskip0pt}% - -%% Printing Article Header -\renewcommand\maketitle{\par - \@afterindentfalse% - \begingroup - \gdef\UrlFont{\rmfamily}% - \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}% - \def\@makefnmark{\rlap{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\smash{\@thefnmark}}}}% - \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent\small\selectfont - \hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}##1}% - \thispagestyle{titlepage}% - \if@twocolumn - \ifnum \col@number=\@ne% - \twocolumn[\@maketitle]% - \else - \twocolumn[\@maketitle]% - \fi% - \else% - \newpage% - \global\@topnum\z@% Prevents figures from going at top of page. - \@maketitle% - \fi% - %%\thispagestyle{plain}% - \endgroup% - \ifx\@artnote\@empty\else\footnoteA{\@artnote}\fi% - \ifx\@miscnote\@empty\else\footnoteA{\@miscnote\par}\fi% - \setcounter{footnote}{0}% - \global\let\thanks\relax% - \global\let\artnote\relax% - \global\let\maketitle\relax% - \global\let\@maketitle\relax% - \global\let\@thanks\@empty% - \global\let\@author\@empty% - \global\let\@date\@empty% - \global\let\title\relax% - \global\let\author\relax% - \global\let\date\relax% - \global\let\and\relax% - \pagestyle{headings}% - %%%print continuous abstract on next page - \@afterheading% - %%\vskip-18pt% this is included to avoid vertical space at the beginning of left column on article opening pages -}% - -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Page Styles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -% -\def\opheaderfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% -\def\headerfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% -\def\footerfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% - -\newdimen\opshortpage% - -\def\printcopyright#1{#1}%% - -\gdef\@copyrighttext{}% -\gdef\@copyrightyear{\@jyear}% - -\def\copytext#1#2{\gdef\@copyrightyear{#2}\def\@copyrighttext{\begin{minipage}[t]{\textwidth}\footerfont\textcopyright\ #1\ \@copyrightyear\end{minipage}}} - -\copytext{Springer Science+Business Media B.V.}{\@jyear}% - -\def\@opjournalheader{\leftmark\space\ {{(\@jyear),\ \textbf{\@jvol}:\@artid}} {\thepage{--}\pageref*{LastPage}}\\ -{\@DOI}}% - -%% Opening Page Style -\def\ps@titlepage{% - %%\def\@oddhead{\vbox{\vskip-36pt\hbox to \textwidth{\hfill\includegraphics{springer-nature-logo}\hspace*{-1pt}}}}% - %%\let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty% - \def\@oddhead{% - \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-38pt}% - \hbox to \hsize{\hfill Springer Nature 2023 - \hfill}}}%% - \let\@evenhead\@oddhead% - \def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 18pt{\vfill\reset@font\rmfamily \hspace{0.5\textwidth}\thepage}}%% - \def\@evenfoot{}}% - -\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo% -\let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty% -\def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 18pt{\vfill\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil\thepage\hfil}}% -\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}% - -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Sections %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% - -\def\numbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}}% -\def\unnumbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}}% -\numbered%% default is numbered Sections - -\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}% -\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}% -\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}% -\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}% -\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}% -%% -\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip.5em}% - -\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{% - \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth - \let\@svsec\@empty - \else - \refstepcounter{#1}% - \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}% - \fi - \@tempskipa #5\relax - \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ - \begingroup - #6{% - \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}% - \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}% - \endgroup - \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% - \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{% - \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else - \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}% - \fi - #7}% - \else - \def\@svsechd{% - #6{\hskip #3\relax - \@svsec #8.}% - \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% - \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{% - \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else - \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}% - \fi - #7}}% - \fi - \@xsect{#5}} -% -\def\sectionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{14bp}{16bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% -\def\subsectionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{12bp}{14bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% -\def\subsubsectionfont{\reset@font\fontsize{11bp}{13bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% -\def\paragraphfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{12bp}\bfseries\itshape\selectfont\raggedright}% -% -\def\subparagraphfont{\itshape}% -\def\bmheadfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{10bp}{12bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% -% -\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}% - {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% - {9pt}% - {\sectionfont}} -\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}% - {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% - {6pt}% - {\subsectionfont}} -\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}% - {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% - {6pt}% - {\subsubsectionfont}} -\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}% - {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus-2pt}% - {3pt}% - {\paragraphfont}} -\renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}% - {6pt \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}% - {-1em}% - {\subparagraphfont}} -\newcommand\bmhead{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}% - {6pt \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}% - {-1em}% - {\bmheadfont}} -% -\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{% - \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi - \par - \@tempskipa #4\relax - \@afterindenttrue - \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@ - \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse - \fi - \if@nobreak - \everypar{}% - \else - \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa - \fi - \@ifstar - {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}% - {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}} -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Lists %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -\newdimen\labelwidthi% -\newdimen\labelwidthii% -\newdimen\labelwidthiii% -\newdimen\labelwidthiv% - -\def\normal@labelsep{0.5em}% -\labelsep\normal@labelsep% -\settowidth{\labelwidthi}{(iii)}% -\settowidth{\labelwidthii}{(d)}% -\settowidth{\labelwidthiii}{(iii)}% -\settowidth{\labelwidthiv}{(M)}% - -\leftmargini\labelwidthi \advance\leftmargini\labelsep -\leftmarginii\labelwidthii \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep -\leftmarginiii\labelwidthiii \advance\leftmarginiii\labelsep -\leftmarginiv\labelwidthiv \advance\leftmarginiv\labelsep - -\def\setleftmargin#1#2{\settowidth{\@tempdima}{#2}\labelsep\normal@labelsep - \csname labelwidth#1\endcsname\@tempdima - \@tempdimb\@tempdima \advance\@tempdimb\labelsep - \csname leftmargin#1\endcsname\@tempdimb} -\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini - \labelwidth\labelwidthi \labelsep\normal@labelsep - \topsep \z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ - \listparindent 1em} -\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii - \labelwidth\labelwidthii \labelsep\normal@labelsep - \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ - \listparindent 1em} -\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii - \labelwidth\labelwidthiii \labelsep\normal@labelsep - \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ - \listparindent 1em} -\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv - \labelwidth\labelwidthiv \labelsep\normal@labelsep - \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ - \listparindent 1em} -\let\@listi\@listI -\@listi -% -\setlength \labelsep {.5em} -\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini} -\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep} -\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty -\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty -\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty -\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$} \def\labelitemii{$\cdot$} -\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.} \def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}} -\def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})} \def\theenumii{\theenumi\alph{enumii}} -\def\labelenumiii{(\roman{enumiii})}\def\theenumiii{\theenumii.\roman{enumiii}} -\def\labelenumiv{(\Alph{enumiv})} \def\theenumiv{\theenumiii.\Alph{enumiv}} - -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ordered & Unordered List %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -\def\listfont{\normalsize}% -% -\def\enumargs{% - \listfont% - \leftmargini0pt% - \leftmarginii0pt% - \leftmarginiii0pt% - \ifnum\@enumdepth=3\topsep0pt\else\ifnum\@enumdepth=2\topsep0pt\else\topsep 6pt\fi\fi% - \partopsep \z@% - \itemsep \z@% - \parsep \z@% - \labelsep 0.5em% - \rightmargin \z@% - \raggedright% - \listparindent \parindent% - \itemindent \z@}% - -\def\enumerate{% - \@ifnextchar[{\@numerate}{\@numerate[0.]}} - -\def\@numerate[#1]{\par% - \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else - \advance\@enumdepth \@ne - \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth} - \list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{% - \enumargs% - \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname} - \usecounter{\@enumctr} - \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} - \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth} - \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} - \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}% - \fi - } -\let\endenumerate\endlist - -%%Unnumbered list%% - -\def\unenumargs{% - \listfont% - \leftmargini\parindent% - \topsep6pt% - \partopsep \z@% - \itemsep \z@% - \parsep \z@% - \labelsep 0\p@% - \rightmargin \z@% - \raggedright% - \listparindent \parindent% - \itemindent -12pt}% - -\def\unenumerate{% - \@ifnextchar[{\@unenumerate}{\@unenumerate[0.]}} - -\def\@unenumerate[#1]{\par% - \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else - \advance\@enumdepth \@ne - \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth} - \list{}{% - \unenumargs - \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname} - \usecounter{\@enumctr} - \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} - \addtolength{\leftmargin}{0pt} - \addtolength{\leftmargin}{0pt} - \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}% - \fi - } - -\let\endunenumerate\endlist% - -%% bulleted list - -\def\itemargs{% - \listfont% - \leftmargini0pt% - \leftmarginii0pt% - \ifnum\@enumdepth=3\topsep0pt\else\ifnum\@enumdepth=2\topsep0pt\else\topsep 6pt\fi\fi% - \partopsep \z@% - \itemsep \z@% - \parsep \z@% - \labelsep 0.5em% - \rightmargin \z@% - \raggedright% - \listparindent \z@% - \itemindent \z@}% - -\renewcommand\labelitemi{\raise1pt\hbox{\textbullet}}% -\renewcommand\labelitemii{\textendash}% - -\def\itemize{% - \@ifnextchar[{\@itemize}{\@itemize[$\bullet$]}} - -\def\@itemize[#1]{\par% - \ifnum \@itemdepth >3 \@toodeep\else - \advance\@itemdepth \@ne - \edef\@itemctr{item\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth} - \list{\csname label\@itemctr\endcsname}{% - \itemargs - \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth\endcsname} - \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} - \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth} - \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} - \def\makelabel##1{\hss \llap{##1}}}% - \fi - } -\let\enditemize\endlist -% -\def\quote{\list{}{\itemindent\z@ - \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@}% -\item[]} -\let\endquote\endlist -% -\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \itshape #1} -\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ - \leftmargin \z@ \topsep6pt\itemindent \z@ %-\leftmargin - \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}} -\let\enddescription\endlist - -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Float %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% - -\setlength\abovecaptionskip{2.25\p@}% -\setlength\belowcaptionskip{6\p@}% - -\setlength\arraycolsep{2\p@}% -\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}% -\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}% -\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}% -\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}% - -\def\fnum@figure{{\bfseries\figurename\space\thefigure}}% -\def\fnum@table{{\bfseries\tablename\space\thetable}}% - -\def\FigName{figure}% - -\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{% - \ifx\FigName\@captype - \vskip\abovecaptionskip - \@figurecaption{#1}{#2} - \else - \@tablecaption{#1}{#2} - \vskip\belowcaptionskip - \fi% -} - -%% Figure - -\def\figurecaptionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8}{9.5}\selectfont}% - -\newdimen\figwidth% -\newdimen\figheight% -\newdimen\sidecapwidth -\newdimen\wrapcapline% -\newdimen\totalwrapline% -\newdimen\wraptotline% - -%% Figures macro -\newbox\figurebox% -\newbox\wrapfigcapbox - -\def\FIG#1#2{% -\setbox\figurebox\hbox{#1}% -%% Figure dimensions -\figwidth\wd\figurebox% -\figheight\ht\figurebox% -{\parbox{\hsize}{% -\centerline{\box\figurebox}% -%% Caption -#2}}} - -%% Figures caption -\newbox\figcapbox -\newbox\capbox -\long\def\@figurecaption#1#2{{\figurecaptionfont{\bfseries#1}\hskip.7em#2\par}}% - -\newenvironment{unnumfigure}{\begingroup\setlength{\topsep}{12pt}% -\begin{center}}{\end{center}\endgroup} - -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -\@ifpackageloaded{booktabs}{\cmidrulewidth=.15pt}{}% -% -\def\tablecaptionfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% -\def\tablebodyfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% -\def\tablecolheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\bfseries\boldmath}% -\def\tablefootnotefont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% - -%% Table Macro - -\newskip\headwidthskip% - -\def\tabraggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\parfillskip=0pt}% - -\newenvironment{@processtable}[4]{% -\setbox4=\hbox to \hsize{\hss% -\begin{minipage}[t]{#4}% -\tabraggedcenter% -\caption{#1}\par% -{\tablebodyfont\noindent\ignorespaces#2\par}\par\vglue6pt% -{\if!#3!\else{\tablefootnotefont#3}\fi}% -\end{minipage}% -\hss}% -\box4\par}% - -\newcommand\TBL[3]{\begingroup% -% -\if!#1!\let\caption\relax\fi% -% - \global\setbox\temptbox=\hbox{\bgroup{\tablebodyfont#2}\egroup}% - \global\tempdime\wd\temptbox% - \@processtable{#1}{\global\headwidthskip=\tempdime% - \vbox{#2}}{#3}{\tempdime}% -\endgroup}% - -%% Table Caption -\newbox\tabcapbox% -\newbox\temptbox% -\newdimen\tempdime% -\newdimen\tabhtdime% - -\long\def\@tablecaption#1#2{% - \setbox\tabcapbox\vbox{\tablecaptionfont\raggedright% - {\bfseries #1}{\hskip2mm}#2\vphantom{y}\par}% - \box\tabcapbox% -} - -%% Table Column Heads -\def\TCH#1{{\tablecolheadfont #1}} - -%% Table Footnotes - -\newenvironment{tablenotes}{\list{}{\setlength{\labelsep}{0pt}% -\setlength{\labelwidth}{0pt}% -\setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}% -\setlength{\rightmargin}{0pt}% -\setlength{\topsep}{-6pt}% -\setlength{\itemsep}{2pt}% -\setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}% -\setlength{\listparindent}{0em}% -\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}}% -\item\relax% -}{\endlist}% - -\def\tnote#1{$^{#1}$}%% - -%% Table Rules - -\def\toprule{%\noalign{\vskip3pt} -\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi - \hrule \@height 0\p@ \@width 0pt - \hrule \@height 0.75\p@ % <- rule height - \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt - \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline} -% Middle rule -\def\midrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi% - \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt - \hrule \@height .5pt % <- rule height - \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt - \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline} -% Bottom rule -\def\botrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi - \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt - \hrule \@height 0.75\p@ % <- rule height - \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt - \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline} -% -\def\@@@cmidrule[#1-#2]#3#4{\global\@cmidla#1\relax - \global\advance\@cmidla\m@ne - \ifnum\@cmidla>0\global\let\@gtempa\@cmidrulea\else - \global\let\@gtempa\@cmidruleb\fi - \global\@cmidlb#2\relax - \global\advance\@cmidlb-\@cmidla - \global\@thisrulewidth=#3 - \@setrulekerning{#4} - \ifnum\@lastruleclass=\z@\vskip 3\p@\fi - \ifnum0=`{\fi}\@gtempa - \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\futurenonspacelet\@tempa\@xcmidrule} -\def\@xcmidrule{% - \ifx\@tempa\cmidrule - \vskip-\@thisrulewidth - \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne - \else \ifx\@tempa\morecmidrules - \vskip \cmidrulesep - \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne\else - \vskip 5\p@ - \global\@lastruleclass=\z@ - \fi\fi - \ifnum0=`{\fi}} -\let\cline\cmidrule - -\let\tableorg\table% -\let\endtableorg\endtable% - -\renewenvironment{table}[1][]% -{\begin{tableorg}[#1]% -\tablebodyfont% -\renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\removelastskip\vskip3pt% -\let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% -\hskip0pt\if!##1!\else{\smash{$^{##1}$}}\fi##2\par}}% -}{\end{tableorg}} - -% \let\sidewaystableorg\sidewaystable% -% \let\endsidewaystableorg\endsidewaystable% -% -% \newenvironment{sidewaystable}% -% {\begin{sidewaystableorg}% -% \tablebodyfont% -% \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{{\vskip3pt% -% \let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% -% \hskip0pt{\smash{\@makefnmark}}##1\par}}% -% }{\end{sidewaystableorg}} - -\def\sidewaystablefn{\renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\removelastskip\vskip3pt% -\let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% -\hskip0pt\if!##1!\else{\smash{$^{##1}$}}\fi##2\par}}% -}% -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Other Env. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% - -\def\quotefont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9}{11}\selectfont}% - 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\let\href\burlalt% -\fi}% -\breakurldefns% -% \bgroup -% \catcode`\&=12\relax -% \hyper@normalise\burl@addtocharlistbefore{%} -% \hyper@normalise\burl@addtocharlistafter{:/.?#&_,;!=+~}%% for extra breaks in url -% \egroup -% \burl@defifstructure -% -\hypersetup{% - colorlinks, - breaklinks=true, - plainpages=false,% - citecolor=blue, - linkcolor=blue, - urlcolor=blue, - bookmarksopen=true,% - bookmarksnumbered=false,% - bookmarksdepth=5% -} -% -\AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand\UrlFont{\rmfamily}}% -% -\AtBeginDocument{% -\@ifpackageloaded{natbib}{% - \renewcommand\bibsection{% - \section*{\refname}% - }% -}{}% -}% -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% -\pagestyle{headings}% -\pagenumbering{arabic}% -\sloppy% -\frenchspacing% -\flushbottom% - -%%% special parameters for TeX -\adjdemerits=100 -\linepenalty=100 -% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Biography -% -\RequirePackage{wrapfig}% -% -% -% \begin{wrapfigure}[12]{r}[34pt]{5cm}
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\belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@% \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip% \let\@listi\@listI}% \normalsize% % \newcommand\medsize{% \@setfontsize\small\@xipt{13}% \abovedisplayskip 5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@ \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ \itemsep \parsep}% \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}% % \renewcommand\small{% \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11}% \abovedisplayskip 5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@ \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ \itemsep \parsep}% \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}% % \renewcommand\footnotesize{% \@setfontsize\footnotesize{7}{8}% \abovedisplayskip 5\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus\p@ \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus2\p@ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ \itemsep \parsep}% \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip} % \renewcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@ixpt\@ixpt}% \newcommand\scrisize{\@setfontsize\scrisize{9.3}{9}}% \renewcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}% \renewcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large{12}{14}}% \newcommand\larg{\@setfontsize\larg{11}{13}}% \renewcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large{16}{18}}% \renewcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{22}}% \renewcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}% \renewcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}% % \DeclareMathSizes{\@ixpt}{\@ixpt}{7}{5}% \DeclareMathSizes{\@xpt}{\@xpt}{7}{5}% \DeclareMathSizes{\@xipt}{\@xipt}{7}{5}% % \DeclareRobustCommand*\textsubscript[1]{% \@textsubscript{\selectfont#1}}% % \def\@textsubscript#1{% {\m@th\ensuremath{_{\mbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@#1}}}}}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Layout Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % %%\RequirePackage{geometry}% % \newlength\columnhsize% % %% Regular Pages (for Opening page - redefined) % \if@iicol% % %% for double column used sn-medium design trim and page size %% % \setlength\headheight{12pt}% \setlength\headsep{5.15mm}% % \setlength\columnsep{8mm}% \setlength\columnhsize{76mm}% % \setlength\maxdepth{0pt}% \setlength\footnotesep{7\p@}% \setlength{\skip\footins}{18\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}% % \RequirePackage[% reversemp, paperwidth=210mm, paperheight=297mm, top={26mm}, headheight={12pt}, headsep={5.15mm}, text={160mm,216mm}, marginparsep=5mm, marginparwidth=12mm, bindingoffset=6mm, footskip=10.13mm,twocolumn]{geometry}% % \renewcommand\footnoterule{% \kern3\p@% \hrule \@height.2mm \@width\columnwidth% \kern5.5\p@}% % \else% %% For single column used smallcond design trim and page size %% \RequirePackage[% reversemp, paperwidth=210mm, paperheight=297mm, top={26mm}, headheight={5.5pt}, headsep={5.6mm}, text={31pc,194.25mm}, marginparsep=5mm, marginparwidth=12mm, bindingoffset=6mm, footskip=10mm]{geometry} % \setlength\maxdepth{0pt}% \setlength\columnsep{5mm}% \setlength{\marginparsep}{5mm}% \setlength{\marginparwidth}{12mm}% \setlength\footnotesep{5.75\p@}% \setlength{\skip\footins}{8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 0\p@}% % \renewcommand\footnoterule{% \kern3\p@% \ifodd\c@page% \hrule \@height.2mm \@width\textwidth% \else% \hrule \@height.2mm \@width37mm \fi% \kern5.5\p@}% % \fi% % % \setlength\parindent{1.5em}% % \def\StepUpCounter#1{\global\advance#1by 1\relax}% \def\StepDownCounter#1{\global\advance#1by -1\relax}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Pagination Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % Line spacing \setlength\lineskip{1\p@}% \setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}% %%\renewcommand\baselinestretch{1.5}% \parskip=0pt% % % Page break penalties % \@lowpenalty 51 \@medpenalty 151 \@highpenalty 301 % % Disallow widows and orphans % \clubpenalty 10000 \widowpenalty 10000 % % Disable page breaks before equations, allow pagebreaks after % equations and discourage widow lines before equations. % \displaywidowpenalty 100 \predisplaypenalty 10000 \postdisplaypenalty 0 % % Set these global demerits % \doublehyphendemerits 1000000 % corresponds to badness 800 \finalhyphendemerits 1000000 % corresponds to badness 1000 % % Allow loose lines rather than overfull lines % \vbadness=9999 \tolerance=9999 % % Allow breaking the page in the middle of a paragraph % \interlinepenalty 0 % % Disallow breaking the page after a hyphenated line \brokenpenalty 10000 % % Hyphenation; don't split words into less than three characters \lefthyphenmin=3 \righthyphenmin=3 % % Float placement parameters % % The total number of floats that can be allowed on a page. \setcounter{totalnumber}{3} % % The maximum number of floats at the top and bottom of a page. \setcounter{topnumber}{5} \setcounter{bottomnumber}{5} % % The maximum part of the top or bottom of a text page that can be % occupied by floats. This is set so that at least four lines of text % fit on the page. \renewcommand\topfraction{.921} \renewcommand\bottomfraction{.921} % The minimum amount of a text page that must be occupied by text. % This should accomodate four lines of text. \renewcommand\textfraction{.13} % The minimum amount of a float page that must be occupied by floats. \renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.887} % The same parameters repeated for double column output \renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.88} \renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.88} % Space between floats \setlength\floatsep{18\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} % Space between floats and text \setlength\textfloatsep{15\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} % Space above and below an inline figure \setlength\intextsep {18\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} % For double column floats \setlength\dblfloatsep {20\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} \setlength\dbltextfloatsep{15\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} \hyphenation{Figure Figures Table Tables Equation Equations Section Sections Appendix Theorem Lemma} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Math Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% For above/below spacing \def\eqnarray{% \stepcounter{equation}% \def\@currentlabel{\p@equation\theequation}% \global\@eqnswtrue \m@th \global\@eqcnt\z@ \tabskip\@centering \let\\\@eqncr $$\everycr{}\halign to\displaywidth\bgroup \hskip\@centering$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip{##}$\@eqnsel &\global\@eqcnt\@ne\hskip \tw@\arraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil &\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip \tw@\arraycolsep $\displaystyle{##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering &\global\@eqcnt\thr@@ \hb@xt@\z@\bgroup\hss##\egroup \tabskip\z@skip \cr } \def\endeqnarray{% \@@eqncr \egroup \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne $$\@ignoretrue } % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Titles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \renewcommand\refname{References}% \renewcommand\figurename{Fig.}% defined as per springer style \renewcommand\tablename{Table}% \renewcommand\appendixname{Appendix}% \renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article Front Matter %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \def\raggedleft{\leftskip0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% \def\raggedright{\rightskip0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% \def\raggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil% \parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% \def\titraggedcenter{\leftskip=12pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=12pt plus 0.5fil% \parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% \def\absraggedcenter{\leftskip=24pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=24pt plus 0.5fil% \parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% % %%% Font Def \def\Artcatfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont}% \def\Titlefont{\reset@font\fontsize{17bp}{22.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% \def\SubTitlefont{\reset@font\fontsize{14bp}{16.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% \def\Authorfont{\reset@font\fontsize{12bp}{14.5bp}\selectfont\boldmath\titraggedcenter}% \def\addressfont{\reset@font\fontsize{11bp}{13.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% \def\abstractheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\bfseries\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% \def\abstractsubheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\bfseries\selectfont}% \def\abstractfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt\parfillskip=0pt plus 1fil}% \def\keywordfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus0.5fill}% \def\historyfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus0.5fill}% %% Article Type \newbox\artcatbox% \AtBeginDocument{\definecolor{artcatboxgray}{cmyk}{0.0,0.0,0.0,0.30}}% \def\articletype#1{\if!#1!\else\setbox\artcatbox\hbox{\Artcatfont\hskip1mm#1\hskip1mm}\fi% \gdef\ArtType{\fboxsep=0pt\colorbox{artcatboxgray}{\vbox to 4mm{\vfil% {\raggedright\box\artcatbox}\vfil}}}% \gdef\@ArtType{#1}}% %%\articletype{RESEARCH ARTICLE}% \articletype{}% %% Meta Info %\def\@jyear{{0000}}% %\def\jyear#1{\gdef\@jyear{#1}}% %% Article Title \renewcommand{\title}[2][]{% \gdef\@checktitle{#1}\ifx\@checktitle\empty\gdef\@title{#2}% \gdef\s@title{#2}\else\gdef\@title{#2}\gdef\s@title{#1}\fi% \markboth{\textit{\s@title}}{\textit{\s@title}}}% \def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}\subtitle{}% %% Cross Link for Author & Address \def\jmkLabel#1{\@bsphack\protected@write\@auxout{}{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\@currentlabel}}\@esphack}% \def\Newlabel#1#2{\expandafter\xdef\csname X@#1\endcsname{#2}}% \def\jmkRef#1{\@ifundefined{X@#1}{0}{\csname X@#1\endcsname}}% %% Article Author(s) \let\sep\@empty% \let\authorsep\@empty% \newcount\aucount% \newcount\corraucount% \newcount\punctcount% % \def\artauthors{}% \newif\if@auemail% \newif\if@corauemail% % \def\au@and{\ifnum\punctcount=2\ and\else\unskip, \advance\punctcount by -1 \fi}% % \def\author{\advance\aucount by 1\@ifstar\@@corrauthor\@@author}% % \newcommand{\@@author}[2][]{\def\@authfrstarg{#1}\@corauemailfalse% \g@addto@macro\artauthors{% \ifnum\aucount=1% \global\@auemailtrue% \else% \global\@auemailfalse% \fi% \Authorfont% \def\baselinestretch{1}% \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx\@authfrstarg\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{% \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{\@@affmark}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}% \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}}\fi% \def\authorsep{{\au@and} }%%% \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty% }}% % \newcommand{\@@corrauthor}[2][]{\def\@authfrstarg{#1}\@corauemailtrue\advance\corraucount by 1% \g@addto@macro\artauthors{% \global\@auemailtrue% \Authorfont% \def\baselinestretch{1}% \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx\@authfrstarg\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{% \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{\@@affmark}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}% \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}{*}\hskip-1pt}\fi\unskip% \def\authorsep{\au@and~}%%% \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty% }}% %% %% Miscellaneous macros %% %% \def\fnm#1{\leavevmode\hbox{#1}}% \def\sur#1{\unskip~\nobreak\leavevmode\hbox{#1}}% \def\spfx#1{#1}% \def\pfx#1{#1}% \def\sfx#1{#1}% \def\tanm#1{#1}% \def\dgr#1{#1}% % %% Author Email % \let\nomail\relax% \def\corrauthemail{}% \def\authemail{}% \newcount\emailcnt% \def\email#1{\global\advance\emailcnt by 1\relax% \if@corauemail% \g@addto@macro\corrauthemail{% \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \textcolor{blue}{#1};\ % }% \else% \g@addto@macro\authemail{% \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \textcolor{blue}{#1};\ % }% \fi} %% Corrseponding Address \def\@copycorthanks{}% \def\auaddress{}% \def\@auaddress{}% \newcounter{affn}% \newcount\addcount% To check the count of address \renewcommand\theaffn{\arabic{affn}}% \def\affil{\advance\addcount by 1\@ifstar\@@coraddress\@@address}% \newcommand{\@@coraddress}[2][]{%\advance\addcount by 1 \g@addto@macro\auaddress{% \stepcounter{affn}% \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}% \jmkLabel{\theaffn}% {\textsuperscript{#1*}#2.\par} } } %% Macros for present address \newif\ifpresentaddress% \def\@presentaddresstxt{}% \def\presentaddresstxt#1{\gdef\@presentaddresstxt{#1:}}\presentaddresstxt{Present Address}% \newcommand{\presentaddress}[1]{\gdef\@presentaddresstext{\@presentaddresstxt\par#1}\global\presentaddresstrue}% %% Macros for equally contributed \newif\ifequalcont% %\def\@equalconttxt{}% %\def\equalcontxt#1{\gdef\@equalconttxt{#1}}\equalcontxt{These authors contributed equally to this work.}% %\newcommand{\equalcont}[1][\@equalconttxt]{\gdef\@equalconttext{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{$^{\dagger}$}\global\equalconttrue}% \def\@equalconttxt{}% \def\equalcontxt#1{\gdef\@equalconttxt{#1}}\equalcontxt{}% \newcommand{\equalcont}[1]{\gdef\@equalconttext{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{$^{\dagger}$}\global\equalconttrue}% %% Author Address \newcommand{\@@address}[2][]{%%\advance\addcount by 1 \g@addto@macro\auaddress{% \stepcounter{affn}% \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}% \jmkLabel{\theaffn}% {\textsuperscript{#1}#2.\par} }%\theaffn } %% Address tagging \newcommand{\orgdiv}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\orgname}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\orgaddress}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\street}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\postcode}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\city}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\state}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\country}[1]{#1}% %% Article notes \def\@artnote{}% \def\artnote#1{\gdef\@artnote{#1}}% %% Miscellaneous notes \def\@miscnote{}% \def\miscnote#1{\gdef\@miscnote{\par\addvspace{3pt}#1}}% %% Motto \def\mottofont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8.5bp}{10bp}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\raggedright} % \let\@motto\@empty \def\mottoraggedright{\rightskip0mm\leftskip=42mm plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% \newcommand{\motto}[2][]{\gdef\@headcheck{#1}\gdef\@motto{\@headcheck\ifx\@headcheck\@empty\vskip12pt\else\fi{\mottofont\mottoraggedright#2\par}}} %% Article Abstract \newcommand\abstracthead{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-22pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{3pt}{\abstractheadfont}} \newcommand\subabstracthead{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{3pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{-.5em}{\abstractsubheadfont}} \def\@abstract{}% \long\def\abstract#1{\def\@abstract{% \let\paragraph\subabstracthead% \abstractfont% \abstracthead*{\abstractname}% #1\par}}% \def\printabstract{\ifx\@abstract\empty\else\@abstract\fi\par}% \def\printkeywords{\ifx\@keywords\empty\else\@keywords\fi\par}% % %% Keywords \def\keywordname{Keywords}% \def\keywords#1{\ifx#1\empty\else\def\@keywords{\par\addvspace{10pt}{\keywordfont{\bfseries\keywordname:} #1\par}}\fi}% \def\@keywords{}% %% PACs \def\pacsbullet{\hbox{\hskip2.5pt,\hskip2.5pt}}% \def\change@commas#1,#2{% \ifx#2\@empty% #1% \else% #1\nobreak\hbox{\pacsbullet}\allowbreak\expandafter\change@commas% \fi% #2}% \newcommand\keywordhead[1]{\par\addvspace{10pt}% {{\keywordfont\bfseries#1:\ }}}% \newcommand{\pacs}[1]{\keywordhead{\pacsname}#1}% % \newcount\PacsCount% \PacsCount=0% % \newcount\PacsTmpCnt% \PacsTmpCnt=1% % \gdef\StorePacsText#1#2{% \edef\GetRoman{\romannumeral#1}% \expandafter\gdef\csname\GetRoman StorePacsTxt\endcsname{#2}% }% % \let\oldpacs\pacs% \renewcommand\pacs[2][PAC Codes]{\gdef\pacsname{{\bfseries#1}}\gdef\@pacs{\keywordfont\raggedright\oldpacs\change@commas#2,\@empty\par} \StepUpCounter{\PacsCount}% \StorePacsText{\the\PacsCount}{\gdef\pacsname{{\bfseries#1}}\keywordfont\raggedright\oldpacs\change@commas#2,\@empty}% }% \def\@pacs{}% %% Glossary \def\gloshead{Glossary}% \newenvironment{glos}[1][\gloshead]{\begingroup\parindent=0pt% \section*{#1} \def\item[##1]{##1,\ }}{% \endgroup}% % %% Article History \def\received#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{Received #1}}}% \def\revised#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; revised #1}}}% \def\accepted#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; accepted #1}}}% %% Remark on Front page %% \newdimen\FMremarkdim% \newcommand{\FMremark}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt% \if@referee\singlespacing\fi% \fboxsep=6pt\fboxrule=0.5pt% \FMremarkdim=\textwidth%%\paperwidth% \advance\FMremarkdim-\fboxsep% \advance\FMremarkdim-2\fboxrule% \if@referee\vskip-21pt\fi% %%\fbox{\vbox{\hsize=\FMremarkdim\small% \unvbox\fmremarkbox %%}}% \endgroup} \newbox\fmremarkbox% \newenvironment{fmremark}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt% \fboxsep=6pt\fboxrule=0.5pt% \FMremarkdim=\textwidth%%\paperwidth% \advance\FMremarkdim-\fboxsep% \advance\FMremarkdim-2\fboxrule% \global\setbox\fmremarkbox\vbox\bgroup\small% }{\egroup\endgroup} %% Article Header Definition \renewcommand{\@maketitle}{\newpage\null% \if@remarkboxon\vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-78pt}\hspace*{-18pt}\FMremark}\else\vskip21pt\fi%%\par% \hsize\textwidth\parindent0pt%%%\vskip7pt% %% Aritle Type {\hbox to \textwidth{{\Artcatfont\ArtType\hfill}\par}} %% Aritle Title \ifx\@title\empty\else% \removelastskip\vskip20pt\nointerlineskip% {\Titlefont\@title\par} %\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\@title}% for bookmarks \fi% %% Aritle SubTitle \ifx\@subtitle\empty\else% \vskip9pt% {{\SubTitlefont\@subtitle\par}} \fi% %% Aritle Authors, Address and Correspondings \ifnum\aucount>0 \global\punctcount\aucount% \vskip20pt% \artauthors\par%% authors and emails {\vskip7pt\addressfont\auaddress\par%% corresponding adress \removelastskip\vskip24pt% \ifnum\emailcnt>0\relax% \ifx\corrauthemail\@empty\else{\ifnum\aucount>1*\fi}% Corresponding author(s). E-mail(s): \corrauthemail\par\fi% \ifx\authemail\@empty\else Contributing authors:\ \authemail\fi% \fi% \ifequalcont{\par$^{\dagger}$\@equalconttext\par}\fi% \removelastskip\vskip24pt% \ifpresentaddress{\par\@presentaddresstext\par}\fi% } \fi% {\printabstract\par}% {\printkeywords\par}% \ifx\@pacs\empty\else% \loop\ifnum\PacsCount>0% \csname\romannumeral\PacsTmpCnt StorePacsTxt\endcsname\par% \StepDownCounter{\PacsCount}% \StepUpCounter{\PacsTmpCnt}% \repeat% \fi% %%{\printhistory\par}% %%{\ifx\@motto\empty\else\@motto\fi}% \removelastskip\vskip36pt\vskip0pt}% \usepackage{cuted}% \@ifpackageloaded{cuted}{\gdef\@setmarks{}}{}% %% Printing Article Header \newdimen\firstpagehtcheck \renewcommand\maketitle{\par \@afterindentfalse% \begingroup \gdef\UrlFont{\rmfamily}% \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}% \def\@makefnmark{\rlap{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\smash{\@thefnmark}}}}% \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent\small\selectfont \hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}##1}% \if@twocolumn \ifnum \col@number=\@ne% \setbox0=\vbox{\@maketitle} \firstpagehtcheck=\ht0% \advance\firstpagehtcheck by \dp0% \ifdim\firstpagehtcheck>\textheight% \setbox1=\vsplit0to2\textheight% \setbox1=\vbox{\unvbox1}% \setbox2=\vbox{\unvbox0}% \unvbox1% \stripsep=0pt% \begin{strip} \unvbox2% \end{strip} \else \twocolumn[\@maketitle]% \fi \else \@maketitle \fi% \else% \newpage% \global\@topnum\z@% Prevents figures from going at top of page. \@maketitle% \fi% \endgroup% \ifx\@artnote\@empty\else\footnoteA{\@artnote}\fi% \ifx\@miscnote\@empty\else\footnoteA{\@miscnote\par}\fi% \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \global\let\thanks\relax% \global\let\artnote\relax% \global\let\maketitle\relax% \global\let\@maketitle\relax% \global\let\@thanks\@empty% \global\let\@author\@empty% \global\let\@date\@empty% \global\let\title\relax% \global\let\author\relax% \global\let\date\relax% \global\let\and\relax% \pagestyle{headings}% %%%print continuous abstract on next page \@afterheading% %%\vskip-18pt% this is included to avoid vertical space at the beginning of left column on article opening pages }% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Page Styles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % \def\opheaderfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% \def\headerfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% \def\footerfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% %% Regular Page Style \def\ps@headings{% \def\@oddfoot{\hfill\thepage\hfill}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot% \def\@evenhead{% \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-48pt}% \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \relax\hfill}}\par%% \hspace*{-\textwidth}\hbox to \hsize{\hfill}}% \def\@oddhead{% \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-48pt}% \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \relax\hfill}}\par%% \hspace*{-\textwidth}\hbox to \hsize{\hfill}}% \let\@mkboth\markboth% }% %\newdimen\opshortpage% %\def\printcopyright#1{#1}%% %\gdef\@copyrighttext{}% %\gdef\@copyrightyear{\@jyear}% %\def\copytext#1#2{\gdef\@copyrightyear{#2}\def\@copyrighttext{\begin{minipage}[t]{\textwidth}\footerfont\textcopyright\ #1\ \@copyrightyear\end{minipage}}} %\copytext{Springer Science+Business Media B.V.}{\@jyear}% %\def\@opjournalheader{\undef\leftmark\space\ {{(\@jyear),\ \textbf{\@jvol}:\@artid}} {\thepage{--}\pageref*{LastPage}}\\ %{\@DOI}}% %% Opening Page Style \def\ps@titlepage{% %%\def\@oddhead{\vbox{\vskip-36pt\hbox to \textwidth{\hfill\includegraphics{springer-nature-logo}\hspace*{-1pt}}}}% %%\let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty% \def\@oddhead{% \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-38pt}% \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \hfill}}}%% \let\@evenhead\@oddhead% \def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 18pt{\vfill\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil\thepage\hfil}}%% \def\@evenfoot{}}% \def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo% \let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty% \def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 18pt{\vfill\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil ddd\thepage\hfil}}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Sections %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \def\numbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}}% \def\unnumbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}}% \numbered%% default is numbered Sections \renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}% \renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}% \renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}% \renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}% \renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}% %% \def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip.5em}% \def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \let\@svsec\@empty \else \refstepcounter{#1}% \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}% \fi \@tempskipa #5\relax \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ \begingroup #6{% \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}% \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}% \endgroup \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}% \fi #7}% \else \def\@svsechd{% #6{\hskip #3\relax \@svsec #8.}% \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}% \fi #7}}% \fi \@xsect{#5}} % \def\sectionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{14bp}{16bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% \def\subsectionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{12bp}{14bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% \def\subsubsectionfont{\reset@font\fontsize{11bp}{13bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% \def\paragraphfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{12bp}\bfseries\itshape\selectfont\raggedright}% % \def\subparagraphfont{\itshape}% \def\bmheadfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{10bp}{12bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% % \renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}% {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% {9pt}% {\sectionfont}} \renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}% {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% {6pt}% {\subsectionfont}} \renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}% {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% {6pt}% {\subsubsectionfont}} \renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}% {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus-2pt}% {3pt}% {\paragraphfont}} \renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}% {6pt \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}% {-1em}% {\subparagraphfont}} \newcommand\bmhead{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}% {6pt \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}% {-1em}% {\bmheadfont}} % \def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{% \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi \par \@tempskipa #4\relax \@afterindenttrue \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@ \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse \fi \if@nobreak \everypar{}% \else \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa \fi \@ifstar {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}% {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Lists %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \newdimen\labelwidthi% \newdimen\labelwidthii% \newdimen\labelwidthiii% \newdimen\labelwidthiv% \def\normal@labelsep{0.5em}% \labelsep\normal@labelsep% \settowidth{\labelwidthi}{(iii)}% \settowidth{\labelwidthii}{(d)}% \settowidth{\labelwidthiii}{(iii)}% \settowidth{\labelwidthiv}{(M)}% \leftmargini\labelwidthi \advance\leftmargini\labelsep \leftmarginii\labelwidthii \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep \leftmarginiii\labelwidthiii \advance\leftmarginiii\labelsep \leftmarginiv\labelwidthiv \advance\leftmarginiv\labelsep \def\setleftmargin#1#2{\settowidth{\@tempdima}{#2}\labelsep\normal@labelsep \csname labelwidth#1\endcsname\@tempdima \@tempdimb\@tempdima \advance\@tempdimb\labelsep \csname leftmargin#1\endcsname\@tempdimb} \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \labelwidth\labelwidthi \labelsep\normal@labelsep \topsep \z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ \listparindent 1em} \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii \labelwidth\labelwidthii \labelsep\normal@labelsep \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ \listparindent 1em} \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii \labelwidth\labelwidthiii \labelsep\normal@labelsep \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ \listparindent 1em} \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv \labelwidth\labelwidthiv \labelsep\normal@labelsep \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ \listparindent 1em} \let\@listi\@listI \@listi % \setlength \labelsep {.5em} \setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini} \addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep} \@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty \def\labelitemi{$\bullet$} \def\labelitemii{$\cdot$} \def\labelenumi{\theenumi.} \def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}} \def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})} \def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}} \def\labelenumiii{(\roman{enumiii})}\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}} \def\labelenumiv{(\Alph{enumiv})} \def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ordered & Unordered List %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \def\listfont{\normalsize}% % \def\enumargs{% \listfont% \leftmargini0pt% \leftmarginii0pt% \leftmarginiii0pt% \ifnum\@enumdepth=3\topsep0pt\else\ifnum\@enumdepth=2\topsep0pt\else\topsep 6pt\fi\fi% \partopsep \z@% \itemsep \z@% \parsep \z@% \labelsep 0.5em% \rightmargin \z@% \raggedright% \listparindent \parindent% \itemindent \z@}% \def\enumerate{% \@ifnextchar[{\@numerate}{\@numerate[0.]}} \def\@numerate[#1]{\par% \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@enumdepth \@ne \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth} \list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{% \enumargs% \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname} \usecounter{\@enumctr} \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}% \fi } \let\endenumerate\endlist %%Unnumbered list%% \def\unenumargs{% \listfont% \leftmargini\parindent% \topsep6pt% \partopsep \z@% \itemsep \z@% \parsep \z@% \labelsep 0\p@% \rightmargin \z@% \raggedright% \listparindent \parindent% \itemindent -12pt}% \def\unenumerate{% \@ifnextchar[{\@unenumerate}{\@unenumerate[0.]}} \def\@unenumerate[#1]{\par% \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@enumdepth \@ne \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth} \list{}{% \unenumargs \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname} \usecounter{\@enumctr} \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{0pt} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{0pt} \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}% \fi } \let\endunenumerate\endlist% %% bulleted list \def\itemargs{% \listfont% \leftmargini0pt% \leftmarginii0pt% \ifnum\@enumdepth=3\topsep0pt\else\ifnum\@enumdepth=2\topsep0pt\else\topsep 6pt\fi\fi% \partopsep \z@% \itemsep \z@% \parsep \z@% \labelsep 0.5em% \rightmargin \z@% \raggedright% \listparindent \z@% \itemindent \z@}% \renewcommand\labelitemi{\raise1pt\hbox{\textbullet}}% \renewcommand\labelitemii{\textendash}% \def\itemize{% \@ifnextchar[{\@itemize}{\@itemize[$\bullet$]}} \def\@itemize[#1]{\par% \ifnum \@itemdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@itemdepth \@ne \edef\@itemctr{item\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth} \list{\csname label\@itemctr\endcsname}{% \itemargs \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth\endcsname} \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} \def\makelabel##1{\hss \llap{##1}}}% \fi } \let\enditemize\endlist % \def\quote{\list{}{\itemindent\z@ \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@}% \item[]} \let\endquote\endlist % \def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \itshape #1} \def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \leftmargin \z@ \topsep6pt\itemindent \z@ %-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}} \let\enddescription\endlist % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Float %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \setlength\abovecaptionskip{2.25\p@}% \setlength\belowcaptionskip{6\p@}% \setlength\arraycolsep{2\p@}% \setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}% \setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}% \setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}% \setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}% \def\fnum@figure{{\bfseries\figurename\space\thefigure}}% \def\fnum@table{{\bfseries\tablename\space\thetable}}% \def\FigName{figure}% \long\def\@makecaption#1#2{% \ifx\FigName\@captype \vskip\abovecaptionskip \@figurecaption{#1}{#2} \else \@tablecaption{#1}{#2} \vskip\belowcaptionskip \fi% } %% Figure \def\figurecaptionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8}{9.5}\selectfont}% \newdimen\figwidth% \newdimen\figheight% \newdimen\sidecapwidth \newdimen\wrapcapline% \newdimen\totalwrapline% \newdimen\wraptotline% %% Figures macro \newbox\figurebox% \newbox\wrapfigcapbox \def\FIG#1#2{% \setbox\figurebox\hbox{#1}% %% Figure dimensions \figwidth\wd\figurebox% \figheight\ht\figurebox% {\parbox{\hsize}{% \centerline{\box\figurebox}% %% Caption #2}}} %% Figures caption \newbox\figcapbox \newbox\capbox \long\def\@figurecaption#1#2{{\figurecaptionfont{\bfseries#1}\hskip.7em#2\par}}% \newenvironment{unnumfigure}{\begingroup\setlength{\topsep}{12pt}% \begin{center}}{\end{center}\endgroup} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \@ifpackageloaded{booktabs}{\cmidrulewidth=.15pt}{}% % \def\tablecaptionfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% \def\tablebodyfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% \def\tablecolheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\bfseries\boldmath}% \def\tablefootnotefont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% %% Table Macro \newskip\headwidthskip% \def\tabraggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\parfillskip=0pt}% \newenvironment{@processtable}[4]{% \setbox4=\hbox to \hsize{\hss% \begin{minipage}[t]{#4}% \tabraggedcenter% \caption{#1}\par% {\tablebodyfont\noindent\ignorespaces#2\par}\par\vglue6pt% {\if!#3!\else{\tablefootnotefont#3}\fi}% \end{minipage}% \hss}% \box4\par}% \newcommand\TBL[3]{\begingroup% % \if!#1!\let\caption\relax\fi% % \global\setbox\temptbox=\hbox{\bgroup{\tablebodyfont#2}\egroup}% \global\tempdime\wd\temptbox% \@processtable{#1}{\global\headwidthskip=\tempdime% \vbox{#2}}{#3}{\tempdime}% \endgroup}% %% Table Caption \newbox\tabcapbox% \newbox\temptbox% \newdimen\tempdime% \newdimen\tabhtdime% \long\def\@tablecaption#1#2{% \setbox\tabcapbox\vbox{\tablecaptionfont\raggedright% {\bfseries #1}{\hskip2mm}#2\vphantom{y}\par}% \box\tabcapbox% } %% Table Column Heads \def\TCH#1{{\tablecolheadfont #1}} %% Table Footnotes \newenvironment{tablenotes}{\list{}{\setlength{\labelsep}{0pt}% \setlength{\labelwidth}{0pt}% \setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}% \setlength{\rightmargin}{0pt}% \setlength{\topsep}{-6pt}% \setlength{\itemsep}{2pt}% \setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}% \setlength{\listparindent}{0em}% \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}}% \item\relax% }{\endlist}% \def\tnote#1{$^{#1}$}%% %% Table Rules \def\toprule{%\noalign{\vskip3pt} \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi \hrule \@height 0\p@ \@width 0pt \hrule \@height 0.75\p@ % <- rule height \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline} % Middle rule \def\midrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi% \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt \hrule \@height .5pt % <- rule height \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline} % Bottom rule \def\botrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt \hrule \@height 0.75\p@ % <- rule height \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline} % \def\@@@cmidrule[#1-#2]#3#4{\global\@cmidla#1\relax \global\advance\@cmidla\m@ne \ifnum\@cmidla>0\global\let\@gtempa\@cmidrulea\else \global\let\@gtempa\@cmidruleb\fi \global\@cmidlb#2\relax \global\advance\@cmidlb-\@cmidla \global\@thisrulewidth=#3 \@setrulekerning{#4} \ifnum\@lastruleclass=\z@\vskip 3\p@\fi \ifnum0=`{\fi}\@gtempa \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\futurenonspacelet\@tempa\@xcmidrule} \def\@xcmidrule{% \ifx\@tempa\cmidrule \vskip-\@thisrulewidth \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne \else \ifx\@tempa\morecmidrules \vskip \cmidrulesep \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne\else \vskip 5\p@ \global\@lastruleclass=\z@ \fi\fi \ifnum0=`{\fi}} \let\cline\cmidrule \usepackage[figuresright]{rotating}% \usepackage{threeparttable} \let\tableorg\table% \let\endtableorg\endtable% \let\sidewaystableorg\sidewaystable% \let\endsidewaystableorg\endsidewaystable% \renewenvironment{table}[1][]% {\begin{tableorg}[#1]% \begin{center} \begin{threeparttable} \tablebodyfont% \renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\removelastskip\vskip3pt% \let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% \hskip0pt\if!##1!\else{\smash{$^{##1}$}}\fi##2\par}}% }{\end{threeparttable}\end{center}\end{tableorg}} \renewenvironment{sidewaystable}[1][]% {\begin{sidewaystableorg}[#1]% \begin{center} \begin{threeparttable} \tablebodyfont% \renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\removelastskip\vskip3pt% \let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% \hskip0pt\if!##1!\else{\smash{$^{##1}$}}\fi##2\par}}% }{\end{threeparttable}\end{center}\end{sidewaystableorg}} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Other Env. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \def\quotefont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9}{11}\selectfont}% \renewenvironment{quote} {\list{}{\topsep=0pt\topsep6pt\leftmargin=1em\raggedright\quotefont}% \item\relax} {\endlist} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Appendix %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \newif\ifbackmatter% \newcommand{\backmatter}{\global\backmattertrue}% \usepackage[title]{appendix}% \@ifpackageloaded{appendix}{% % \renewenvironment{appendices}{% \@resets@pp \if@dotoc@pp \if@dopage@pp % both page and toc \if@chapter@pp % chapters \clear@ppage \fi \appendixpage \else % toc only \if@chapter@pp % chapters \clear@ppage \fi \addappheadtotoc \fi \else \if@dopage@pp % page only \appendixpage \fi \fi \if@chapter@pp \if@dotitletoc@pp \@redotocentry@pp{chapter} \fi \else \if@dotitletoc@pp \@redotocentry@pp{section} \fi \if@dohead@pp \def\sectionmark##1{% \if@twoside \markboth{\@formatsecmark@pp{##1}}{} \else \markright{\@formatsecmark@pp{##1}}{} \fi} \fi \if@dotitle@pp \def\sectionname{\appendixname} \def\@seccntformat##1{\@ifundefined{##1name}{}{\csname ##1name\endcsname\ }% \csname the##1\endcsname\quad} \fi \fi }{% \@ppsaveapp\@pprestoresec} %% \AtBeginDocument{% % \let\oldappendices\appendices% \let\oldendappendices\endappendices% %% \renewenvironment{appendices}{% \setcounter{figure}{0}% \setcounter{table}{0}% \setcounter{equation}{0}% %% \begin{oldappendices}% \gdef\thefigure{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{figure}}% \gdef\thetable{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{table}}% \gdef\theequation{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{equation}}% }{\end{oldappendices}} } %% }{} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article History %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \def\@history{} \def\printhistory{{\par\addvspace{8pt}% \historyfont\noindent% \ifx\@history\empty\gdef\@history{Received xx xxx xxxx}\fi\@history\par}}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Footnotes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{% \hskip8pt{\smash{\@makefnmark}}#1} % \RequirePackage{hyperref}% %%\RequirePackage{hypcap}% \gdef\breakurldefns{% \if@pdflatex\else% \RequirePackage[hyphenbreaks]{breakurl}% % \let\href\burlalt% \fi}% \breakurldefns% % \bgroup % \catcode`\&=12\relax % \hyper@normalise\burl@addtocharlistbefore{%} % \hyper@normalise\burl@addtocharlistafter{:/.?#&_,;!=+~}%% for extra breaks in url % \egroup % \burl@defifstructure % \hypersetup{% colorlinks, breaklinks=true, plainpages=false,% citecolor=blue, linkcolor=blue, urlcolor=blue, bookmarksopen=true,% bookmarksnumbered=false,% bookmarksdepth=5% } % \AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand\UrlFont{\rmfamily}}% % \AtBeginDocument{% \@ifpackageloaded{natbib}{% \renewcommand\bibsection{% \section*{\refname}% }% }{}% }% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \pagestyle{headings}% \pagenumbering{arabic}% \sloppy% \frenchspacing% \flushbottom% %%% special parameters for TeX \adjdemerits=100 \linepenalty=100 % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Biography % \RequirePackage{wrapfig}% % % % \begin{wrapfigure}[12]{r}[34pt]{5cm}
\end{wrapfigure} % -- - ---- --- % [number of narrow lines] {placement} [overhang] {width of figure} \newcount\wraplines% %%\wraplines=5% % \newbox\@authorfigbox% \newskip\@authorfigboxdim% % \newskip\biofigadjskip% \biofigadjskip=0pt% % \def\authbiotextfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% % \newenvironment{biography}[2]{\par\addvspace{11.5pt plus3.375pt minus1.6875pt}%\lineno@off% \def\author##1{{\bfseries##1}}% \if!#1!\def\@authorfig{}\else\def\@authorfig{{#1}}\fi% \setbox\@authorfigbox=\hbox{#1}% \@authorfigboxdim=\wd\@authorfigbox% \if@iicol\advance\@authorfigboxdim by -10pt\else\advance\@authorfigboxdim by -2pt\fi% \wraplines=9\fboxrule=1pt\fboxsep=6pt% \noindent{% \ifx\@authorfig\@empty\else\unskip% \begin{wrapfigure}[\wraplines]{l}[0pt]{\@authorfigboxdim}%{38.25mm}% \vskip-19pt\addvspace{\biofigadjskip}% \@authorfig% \end{wrapfigure}% \fi% {\authbiotextfont#2\par}% \par% }}{\par\addvspace{10.5pt plus3.375pt minus1.6875pt}} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Theorem %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % \@ifpackageloaded{amsthm}{% % %\let\proof\relax% %\let\endproof\relax% \def\@begintheorem#1#2[#3]{% \deferred@thm@head{\the\thm@headfont \thm@indent \@ifempty{#1}{\let\thmname\@gobble}{\let\thmname\@iden}% \@ifempty{#2}{\let\thmnumber\@gobble}{\let\thmnumber\@iden}% \@ifempty{#3}{\let\thmnote\@gobble}{\let\thmnote\@iden}% \thm@swap\swappedhead\thmhead{#1}{#2}{#3}% \the\thm@headpunct \thmheadnl % possibly a newline. \hskip\thm@headsep }% \ignorespaces } \def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist\@endpefalse} \AtBeginDocument{% % \DeclareRobustCommand{\S}{\ifmmode\mathsection\else\textsection\fi} \DeclareSymbolFont{AMSa}{U}{msa}{m}{n}% \DeclareMathSymbol{\opensquare}{\mathord}{AMSa}{"03}% \def\qedsymbol{\ensuremath{\opensquare}}% % \newenvironment{spiproof}[1][\proofname]{\par\removelastskip%\vspace*{2pt}% \pushQED{\qed}% \small\normalfont \topsep7.5\p@\@plus7.5\p@\relax% \trivlist% \item[\hskip\labelsep% \itshape% #1\@addpunct{}]\ignorespaces% }{% \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse% }% % \let\proof\spiproof\let\endproof\endspiproof% % }% % \def\thm@space@setup{% \thm@preskip=12pt% \thm@postskip=12pt} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% StyleOne % \newtheoremstyle{thmstyleone}% Numbered {18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space above {18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space below {\small\itshape}% Body font {0pt}% Indent amount {\small\bfseries}% Theorem head font {}% Punctuation after theorem head {.5em}% Space after theorem headi {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }\@upn{#2}}% \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}% Theorem head spec (can be left empty, meaning `normal') % \newtheoremstyle{thmstyletwo}% Numbered {18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space above {18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space below {\small\normalfont}% Body font {0pt}% Indent amount {\small\itshape}% Theorem head font {}% Punctuation after theorem head {.5em}% Space after theorem headi {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }{#2}}% \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}% Theorem head spec (can be left empty, meaning `normal') % \newtheoremstyle{thmstylethree}% Definition {18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space above {18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space below {\small\normalfont}% Body font {0pt}% Indent amount {\small\bfseries}% Theorem head font {}% Punctuation after theorem head {.5em}% Space after theorem headi {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }\@upn{#2}}% \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}% Theorem head spec (can be left empty, meaning `normal') % \newtheoremstyle{thmstylefour}% Proof {18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space above {18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space below {\small\normalfont}% Body font {0pt}% Indent amount {\small\itshape}% Theorem head font {}% Punctuation after theorem head {.5em}% Space after theorem headi {\global\proofthmtrue\thmname{#1} \thmnote{#3}}% Theorem head spec (can be left empty, meaning `normal') % }{} %% Macros for bibliographystyles %% % \def\bibcommenthead{\if@bibcomment\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt% % \removelastskip\vskip13pt\nointerlineskip% % % \vbox{\bibfont If you are submitting to one of the Nature Research journals, using the eJP % submission system, please include the references within the manuscript file itself. 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Moore" Date: Sun, 5 Nov 2023 14:56:29 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 2/4] Trying out the 2023 springer latex template. --- paper/ollie-optimization.tex | 98 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ paper/sn-basic.bst | 4 +- 2 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 51 deletions(-) diff --git a/paper/ollie-optimization.tex b/paper/ollie-optimization.tex index a4398f8..5d16fe8 100644 --- a/paper/ollie-optimization.tex +++ b/paper/ollie-optimization.tex @@ -1,48 +1,36 @@ \documentclass[default,iicol,pdflatex]{sn-jnl} -\usepackage[acronym]{glossaries} -\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} +% Springer packages \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{array} -\usepackage{float} -\usepackage{siunitx} -\usepackage{stfloats} -\usepackage{subfig} -\usepackage{titlesec} -\usepackage{url} +\usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{xcolor} + +% Our packages +\usepackage[acronym]{glossaries} % get rid of colon for tables and figures as requested per journal format \usepackage[labelsep=space]{caption} +\usepackage{siunitx} +\usepackage{subfig} -\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4} - -\titleformat{\paragraph} -{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}{\theparagraph}{1em}{} -\titlespacing*{\paragraph} -{0pt}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex} +% Springer settings +\raggedbottom -%\def\url#1{\expandafter\string\csname #1\endcsname} -\newcounter{exno} -\newenvironment{examples} -{ -\begin{flushleft} -\begin{tabular}{>{(\refstepcounter{exno}\theexno\label{row:\theexno}) }rl} -} -{ -\end{tabular} -\end{flushleft} -} -%\newcommand*{\@rowstyle}{} -\newcommand*{\rowstyle}[1]{% sets the style of the next row +% Customizations and settings for our packages +% sets the style of the next row +\newcommand*{\rowstyle}[1]{ \gdef\@rowstyle{#1}% \@rowstyle\ignorespaces% } -\newcolumntype{=}{% resets the row style - >{\gdef\@rowstyle{}}% +% resets the row style +\newcolumntype{=}{ + >{\gdef\@rowstyle{}} } -\newcolumntype{+}{% adds the current row style to the next column +% adds the current row style to the next column +\newcolumntype{+}{ >{\@rowstyle}% } + \definecolor{ao}{rgb}{0.0, 0.5, 0.0} \definecolor{coolblack}{rgb}{0.0, 0.18, 0.39} @@ -53,15 +41,6 @@ \newacronym{nlp}{NLP}{non-linear programming problem} \newacronym[longplural={degrees of freedom}]{dof}{DoF}{degree of freedom} -\newcounter{magicrownumbers} -\newcommand\rownumber{\stepcounter{magicrownumbers}\arabic{magicrownumbers}} -\newcommand\figwidth{174mm} - -\jyear{2021}% - -\raggedbottom -%%\unnumbered% uncomment this for unnumbered level heads - \begin{document} \title[Maximizing Ollie Height by Optimizing Control Strategy and Skateboard Geometry Using Direct Collocation]{ @@ -95,6 +74,7 @@ \abstract{The ollie is the base aerial human-board maneuver, foundational to most modern skateboarding tricks. We formulate and solve an optimal control problem of a two-dimensional simplified human model and a rigid body skateboard with the objective of maximizing the height of the ollie. Our solution simultaneously discovers realistic human-applied force trajectories and optimal board geometry. We accomplish this with a direct collocation formulation using a null seed initial guess by carefully modeling the discontinuous aspects of board-ground impact and foot-board friction. This leads to very efficient and robust solutions that are 10 times more computationally efficient than prior work on similar problems. The solutions show that ollie height can increase 3\% by decreasing the wheelbase and that a smaller board with a back-foot dominated force strategy can give 12\% higher ollies. Our model can be used to inform jump strategy and the effects of changes to the essential board geometry.} \keywords{Skateboarding, Friction, Impact, Optimal Control, Trajectory Optimization, Parameter Optimization, Direct Collocation} + \maketitle \section{Introduction}\label{s_intro} @@ -106,7 +86,7 @@ \section{Introduction}\label{s_intro} distinct phases shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:ollie steps}. \begin{figure*}[!t] -\captionsetup[subfigure]{labelformat=empty} + \captionsetup[subfigure]{labelformat=empty} \subfloat[$t_1$=0.013]{{\includegraphics[width=0.13\textwidth]{figure/Fig1a.png} }}% \subfloat[$t_2$=0.129]{{\includegraphics[width=0.13\textwidth]{figure/Fig1b.png} }}% \subfloat[$t_3$=0.181]{{\includegraphics[width=0.13\textwidth]{figure/Fig1c.png} }}% @@ -121,7 +101,7 @@ \section{Introduction}\label{s_intro} \subfloat[$t_{10}$=0.904]{{\includegraphics[width=0.13\textwidth]{figure/Fig1j.png} }}% \subfloat[$t_{11}$=1.097]{{\includegraphics[width=0.13\textwidth]{figure/Fig1k.png} }}% \captionsetup{singlelinecheck=off} - \caption[Ollie motion cues]{Phases of the ollie. + \caption[Ollie motion cues]{Phases of the ollie. Green arrow: resultant force without friction, red arrows: force components with friction, blue arrow: resultant force with friction. Blue-, green- and red lines are trajectory of back wheel, middle and front wheel respectively. Images are retrieved from \url{youtu.be/339k4XEvbxY} with consent. The phases and associated motion cues are described by: @@ -520,23 +500,43 @@ \section{Conclusions} This model and the results provide a new stone in the foundation needed for utilizing optimization to improve skateboard trick strategy and performance. In its current form, it can be used to inform jump strategy and the effects of changes to the essential board geometry. Tying this tool to experimental studies of skateboard ollies is an obvious next research step. -\section{Acknowledgments} -None - -\section{Statements and Declarations} +\backmatter -\subsection{Supplementary Information} +\bmhead{Supplementary information} Animations of the solutions are included as supplementary material. -\subsection{Data availability} +\bmhead{Acknowledgments} -The software used to generate the optimal control solutions is available at \url{https://github.com/mechmotum/ollie-optimization}. +None -\subsection{Conflicts of Interest} +\section*{Declarations} + +\subsection*{Conflicts of Interest} There has been no conflict of interest with the authors involved in this work. +\subsection*{Funding} + +Not applicable + +\subsection*{Ethics approval} + +Not applicable + +\subsection*{Consent to participate} + +Not applicable + +\subsection*{Consent for publication} +Not applicable +\subsection*{Availability of data and materials} +Not applicable +\subsection*{Code availability} +The software used to generate the optimal control solutions is available at \url{https://github.com/mechmotum/ollie-optimization}. +\subsection*{Authors' contributions} +Not applicable + \bibliographystyle{sn-basic} \bibliography{references} diff --git a/paper/sn-basic.bst b/paper/sn-basic.bst index 8cba86e..5072a4d 100644 --- a/paper/sn-basic.bst +++ b/paper/sn-basic.bst @@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ FUNCTION {format.soft.eprint} { ""} { archive empty$ {"{\href{https://arxiv.org/abs/" eprint * "}" * - "{{https://arxiv.org/abs/" * format.archive * eprint * "}}}" *} + "{{" * format.archive * eprint * "}}}" *} {"{\href{https://arxiv.org/abs/" eprint * "}" * "{{" * format.archive * eprint * "}}}" *} if$ @@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ FUNCTION {n.separate} } FUNCTION {n.dashify} { - n.separate +%% n.separate 't := "" { t empty$ not } From efd5cd437f20c155d5e5ce9eb2d17ddbba023161 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Jason K. 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3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus2\p@ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ \itemsep \parsep}% \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip} % \renewcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@ixpt\@ixpt}% \newcommand\scrisize{\@setfontsize\scrisize{9.3}{9}}% \renewcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}% \renewcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large{12}{14}}% \newcommand\larg{\@setfontsize\larg{11}{13}}% \renewcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large{16}{18}}% \renewcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{22}}% \renewcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}% \renewcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}% % \DeclareMathSizes{\@ixpt}{\@ixpt}{7}{5}% \DeclareMathSizes{\@xpt}{\@xpt}{7}{5}% \DeclareMathSizes{\@xipt}{\@xipt}{7}{5}% % \DeclareRobustCommand*\textsubscript[1]{% \@textsubscript{\selectfont#1}}% % \def\@textsubscript#1{% {\m@th\ensuremath{_{\mbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@#1}}}}}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Layout Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % %%\RequirePackage{geometry}% % \newlength\columnhsize% % %% Regular Pages (for Opening page - redefined) % \if@iicol% % %% for double column used sn-medium design trim and page size %% % \setlength\headheight{12pt}% \setlength\headsep{5.15mm}% % \setlength\columnsep{8mm}% \setlength\columnhsize{76mm}% % \setlength\maxdepth{0pt}% \setlength\footnotesep{7\p@}% \setlength{\skip\footins}{18\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}% % \RequirePackage[% reversemp, paperwidth=210mm, paperheight=297mm, top={26mm}, headheight={12pt}, headsep={5.15mm}, text={160mm,216mm}, marginparsep=5mm, marginparwidth=12mm, bindingoffset=6mm, footskip=10.13mm,twocolumn]{geometry}% % \renewcommand\footnoterule{% \kern3\p@% \hrule \@height.2mm \@width\columnwidth% \kern5.5\p@}% % \else% %% For single column used smallcond design trim and page size %% \RequirePackage[% reversemp, paperwidth=210mm, paperheight=297mm, top={26mm}, headheight={5.5pt}, headsep={5.6mm}, text={31pc,194.25mm}, marginparsep=5mm, marginparwidth=12mm, bindingoffset=6mm, footskip=10mm]{geometry} % \setlength\maxdepth{0pt}% \setlength\columnsep{5mm}% \setlength{\marginparsep}{5mm}% \setlength{\marginparwidth}{12mm}% \setlength\footnotesep{5.75\p@}% \setlength{\skip\footins}{8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 0\p@}% % \renewcommand\footnoterule{% \kern3\p@% \ifodd\c@page% \hrule \@height.2mm \@width\textwidth% \else% \hrule \@height.2mm \@width37mm \fi% \kern5.5\p@}% % \fi% % % \setlength\parindent{1.5em}% % \def\StepUpCounter#1{\global\advance#1by 1\relax}% \def\StepDownCounter#1{\global\advance#1by -1\relax}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Pagination Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % Line spacing \setlength\lineskip{1\p@}% \setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}% %%\renewcommand\baselinestretch{1.5}% \parskip=0pt% % % Page break penalties % \@lowpenalty 51 \@medpenalty 151 \@highpenalty 301 % % Disallow widows and orphans % \clubpenalty 10000 \widowpenalty 10000 % % Disable page breaks before equations, allow pagebreaks after % equations and discourage widow lines before equations. % \displaywidowpenalty 100 \predisplaypenalty 10000 \postdisplaypenalty 0 % % Set these global demerits % \doublehyphendemerits 1000000 % corresponds to badness 800 \finalhyphendemerits 1000000 % corresponds to badness 1000 % % Allow loose lines rather than overfull lines % \vbadness=9999 \tolerance=9999 % % Allow breaking the page in the middle of a paragraph % \interlinepenalty 0 % % Disallow breaking the page after a hyphenated line \brokenpenalty 10000 % % Hyphenation; don't split words into less than three characters \lefthyphenmin=3 \righthyphenmin=3 % % Float placement parameters % % The total number of floats that can be allowed on a page. \setcounter{totalnumber}{3} % % The maximum number of floats at the top and bottom of a page. \setcounter{topnumber}{5} \setcounter{bottomnumber}{5} % % The maximum part of the top or bottom of a text page that can be % occupied by floats. This is set so that at least four lines of text % fit on the page. \renewcommand\topfraction{.921} \renewcommand\bottomfraction{.921} % The minimum amount of a text page that must be occupied by text. % This should accomodate four lines of text. \renewcommand\textfraction{.13} % The minimum amount of a float page that must be occupied by floats. \renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.887} % The same parameters repeated for double column output \renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.88} \renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.88} % Space between floats \setlength\floatsep{18\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} % Space between floats and text \setlength\textfloatsep{15\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} % Space above and below an inline figure \setlength\intextsep {18\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} % For double column floats \setlength\dblfloatsep {20\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} \setlength\dbltextfloatsep{15\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} \hyphenation{Figure Figures Table Tables Equation Equations Section Sections Appendix Theorem Lemma} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Math Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% For above/below spacing \def\eqnarray{% \stepcounter{equation}% \def\@currentlabel{\p@equation\theequation}% \global\@eqnswtrue \m@th \global\@eqcnt\z@ \tabskip\@centering \let\\\@eqncr $$\everycr{}\halign to\displaywidth\bgroup \hskip\@centering$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip{##}$\@eqnsel &\global\@eqcnt\@ne\hskip \tw@\arraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil &\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip \tw@\arraycolsep $\displaystyle{##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering &\global\@eqcnt\thr@@ \hb@xt@\z@\bgroup\hss##\egroup \tabskip\z@skip \cr } \def\endeqnarray{% \@@eqncr \egroup \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne $$\@ignoretrue } % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Titles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \renewcommand\refname{References}% \renewcommand\figurename{Fig.}% defined as per springer style \renewcommand\tablename{Table}% \renewcommand\appendixname{Appendix}% \renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article Front Matter %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \def\raggedleft{\leftskip0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% \def\raggedright{\rightskip0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% \def\raggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil% \parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% \def\titraggedcenter{\leftskip=12pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=12pt plus 0.5fil% \parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% \def\absraggedcenter{\leftskip=24pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=24pt plus 0.5fil% \parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% % %%% Font Def \def\Artcatfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont}% \def\Titlefont{\reset@font\fontsize{17bp}{22.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% \def\SubTitlefont{\reset@font\fontsize{14bp}{16.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% \def\Authorfont{\reset@font\fontsize{12bp}{14.5bp}\selectfont\boldmath\titraggedcenter}% \def\addressfont{\reset@font\fontsize{11bp}{13.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% \def\abstractheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\bfseries\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% \def\abstractsubheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\bfseries\selectfont}% \def\abstractfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt\parfillskip=0pt plus 1fil}% \def\keywordfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus0.5fill}% \def\historyfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus0.5fill}% %% Article Type \newbox\artcatbox% \AtBeginDocument{\definecolor{artcatboxgray}{cmyk}{0.0,0.0,0.0,0.30}}% \def\articletype#1{\if!#1!\else\setbox\artcatbox\hbox{\Artcatfont\hskip1mm#1\hskip1mm}\fi% \gdef\ArtType{\fboxsep=0pt\colorbox{artcatboxgray}{\vbox to 4mm{\vfil% {\raggedright\box\artcatbox}\vfil}}}% \gdef\@ArtType{#1}}% %%\articletype{RESEARCH ARTICLE}% \articletype{}% %% Meta Info %\def\@jyear{{0000}}% %\def\jyear#1{\gdef\@jyear{#1}}% %% Article Title \renewcommand{\title}[2][]{% \gdef\@checktitle{#1}\ifx\@checktitle\empty\gdef\@title{#2}% \gdef\s@title{#2}\else\gdef\@title{#2}\gdef\s@title{#1}\fi% \markboth{\textit{\s@title}}{\textit{\s@title}}}% \def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}\subtitle{}% %% Cross Link for Author & Address \def\jmkLabel#1{\@bsphack\protected@write\@auxout{}{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\@currentlabel}}\@esphack}% \def\Newlabel#1#2{\expandafter\xdef\csname X@#1\endcsname{#2}}% \def\jmkRef#1{\@ifundefined{X@#1}{0}{\csname X@#1\endcsname}}% %% Article Author(s) \let\sep\@empty% \let\authorsep\@empty% \newcount\aucount% \newcount\corraucount% \newcount\punctcount% % \def\artauthors{}% \newif\if@auemail% \newif\if@corauemail% % \def\au@and{\ifnum\punctcount=2\ and\else\unskip, \advance\punctcount by -1 \fi}% % \def\author{\advance\aucount by 1\@ifstar\@@corrauthor\@@author}% % \newcommand{\@@author}[2][]{\def\@authfrstarg{#1}\@corauemailfalse% \g@addto@macro\artauthors{% \ifnum\aucount=1% \global\@auemailtrue% \else% \global\@auemailfalse% \fi% \Authorfont% \def\baselinestretch{1}% \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx\@authfrstarg\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{% \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{\@@affmark}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}% \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}}\fi% \def\authorsep{{\au@and} }%%% \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty% }}% % \newcommand{\@@corrauthor}[2][]{\def\@authfrstarg{#1}\@corauemailtrue\advance\corraucount by 1% \g@addto@macro\artauthors{% \global\@auemailtrue% \Authorfont% \def\baselinestretch{1}% \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx\@authfrstarg\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{% \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{\@@affmark}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}% \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}{*}\hskip-1pt}\fi\unskip% \def\authorsep{\au@and~}%%% \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty% }}% %% %% Miscellaneous macros %% %% \def\fnm#1{\leavevmode\hbox{#1}}% \def\sur#1{\unskip~\nobreak\leavevmode\hbox{#1}}% \def\spfx#1{#1}% \def\pfx#1{#1}% \def\sfx#1{#1}% \def\tanm#1{#1}% \def\dgr#1{#1}% % %% Author Email % \let\nomail\relax% \def\corrauthemail{}% \def\authemail{}% \newcount\emailcnt% \def\email#1{\global\advance\emailcnt by 1\relax% \if@corauemail% \g@addto@macro\corrauthemail{% \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \textcolor{blue}{#1};\ % }% \else% \g@addto@macro\authemail{% \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \textcolor{blue}{#1};\ % }% \fi} %% Corrseponding Address \def\@copycorthanks{}% \def\auaddress{}% \def\@auaddress{}% \newcounter{affn}% \newcount\addcount% To check the count of address \renewcommand\theaffn{\arabic{affn}}% \def\affil{\advance\addcount by 1\@ifstar\@@coraddress\@@address}% \newcommand{\@@coraddress}[2][]{%\advance\addcount by 1 \g@addto@macro\auaddress{% \stepcounter{affn}% \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}% \jmkLabel{\theaffn}% {\textsuperscript{#1*}#2.\par} } } %% Macros for present address \newif\ifpresentaddress% \def\@presentaddresstxt{}% \def\presentaddresstxt#1{\gdef\@presentaddresstxt{#1:}}\presentaddresstxt{Present Address}% \newcommand{\presentaddress}[1]{\gdef\@presentaddresstext{\@presentaddresstxt\par#1}\global\presentaddresstrue}% %% Macros for equally contributed \newif\ifequalcont% %\def\@equalconttxt{}% %\def\equalcontxt#1{\gdef\@equalconttxt{#1}}\equalcontxt{These authors contributed equally to this work.}% %\newcommand{\equalcont}[1][\@equalconttxt]{\gdef\@equalconttext{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{$^{\dagger}$}\global\equalconttrue}% \def\@equalconttxt{}% \def\equalcontxt#1{\gdef\@equalconttxt{#1}}\equalcontxt{}% \newcommand{\equalcont}[1]{\gdef\@equalconttext{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{$^{\dagger}$}\global\equalconttrue}% %% Author Address \newcommand{\@@address}[2][]{%%\advance\addcount by 1 \g@addto@macro\auaddress{% \stepcounter{affn}% \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}% \jmkLabel{\theaffn}% {\textsuperscript{#1}#2.\par} }%\theaffn } %% Address tagging \newcommand{\orgdiv}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\orgname}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\orgaddress}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\street}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\postcode}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\city}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\state}[1]{#1}% \newcommand{\country}[1]{#1}% %% Article notes \def\@artnote{}% \def\artnote#1{\gdef\@artnote{#1}}% %% Miscellaneous notes \def\@miscnote{}% \def\miscnote#1{\gdef\@miscnote{\par\addvspace{3pt}#1}}% %% Motto \def\mottofont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8.5bp}{10bp}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\raggedright} % \let\@motto\@empty \def\mottoraggedright{\rightskip0mm\leftskip=42mm plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% \newcommand{\motto}[2][]{\gdef\@headcheck{#1}\gdef\@motto{\@headcheck\ifx\@headcheck\@empty\vskip12pt\else\fi{\mottofont\mottoraggedright#2\par}}} %% Article Abstract \newcommand\abstracthead{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-22pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{3pt}{\abstractheadfont}} \newcommand\subabstracthead{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{3pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{-.5em}{\abstractsubheadfont}} \def\@abstract{}% \long\def\abstract#1{\def\@abstract{% \let\paragraph\subabstracthead% \abstractfont% \abstracthead*{\abstractname}% #1\par}}% \def\printabstract{\ifx\@abstract\empty\else\@abstract\fi\par}% \def\printkeywords{\ifx\@keywords\empty\else\@keywords\fi\par}% % %% Keywords \def\keywordname{Keywords}% \def\keywords#1{\ifx#1\empty\else\def\@keywords{\par\addvspace{10pt}{\keywordfont{\bfseries\keywordname:} #1\par}}\fi}% \def\@keywords{}% %% PACs \def\pacsbullet{\hbox{\hskip2.5pt,\hskip2.5pt}}% \def\change@commas#1,#2{% \ifx#2\@empty% #1% \else% #1\nobreak\hbox{\pacsbullet}\allowbreak\expandafter\change@commas% \fi% #2}% \newcommand\keywordhead[1]{\par\addvspace{10pt}% {{\keywordfont\bfseries#1:\ }}}% \newcommand{\pacs}[1]{\keywordhead{\pacsname}#1}% % \newcount\PacsCount% \PacsCount=0% % \newcount\PacsTmpCnt% \PacsTmpCnt=1% % \gdef\StorePacsText#1#2{% \edef\GetRoman{\romannumeral#1}% \expandafter\gdef\csname\GetRoman StorePacsTxt\endcsname{#2}% }% % \let\oldpacs\pacs% \renewcommand\pacs[2][PAC Codes]{\gdef\pacsname{{\bfseries#1}}\gdef\@pacs{\keywordfont\raggedright\oldpacs\change@commas#2,\@empty\par} \StepUpCounter{\PacsCount}% \StorePacsText{\the\PacsCount}{\gdef\pacsname{{\bfseries#1}}\keywordfont\raggedright\oldpacs\change@commas#2,\@empty}% }% \def\@pacs{}% %% Glossary \def\gloshead{Glossary}% \newenvironment{glos}[1][\gloshead]{\begingroup\parindent=0pt% \section*{#1} \def\item[##1]{##1,\ }}{% \endgroup}% % %% Article History \def\received#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{Received #1}}}% \def\revised#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; revised #1}}}% \def\accepted#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; accepted #1}}}% %% Remark on Front page %% \newdimen\FMremarkdim% \newcommand{\FMremark}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt% \if@referee\singlespacing\fi% \fboxsep=6pt\fboxrule=0.5pt% \FMremarkdim=\textwidth%%\paperwidth% \advance\FMremarkdim-\fboxsep% \advance\FMremarkdim-2\fboxrule% \if@referee\vskip-21pt\fi% %%\fbox{\vbox{\hsize=\FMremarkdim\small% \unvbox\fmremarkbox %%}}% \endgroup} \newbox\fmremarkbox% \newenvironment{fmremark}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt% \fboxsep=6pt\fboxrule=0.5pt% \FMremarkdim=\textwidth%%\paperwidth% \advance\FMremarkdim-\fboxsep% \advance\FMremarkdim-2\fboxrule% \global\setbox\fmremarkbox\vbox\bgroup\small% }{\egroup\endgroup} %% Article Header Definition \renewcommand{\@maketitle}{\newpage\null% \if@remarkboxon\vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-78pt}\hspace*{-18pt}\FMremark}\else\vskip21pt\fi%%\par% \hsize\textwidth\parindent0pt%%%\vskip7pt% %% Aritle Type {\hbox to \textwidth{{\Artcatfont\ArtType\hfill}\par}} %% Aritle Title \ifx\@title\empty\else% \removelastskip\vskip20pt\nointerlineskip% {\Titlefont\@title\par} %\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\@title}% for bookmarks \fi% %% Aritle SubTitle \ifx\@subtitle\empty\else% \vskip9pt% {{\SubTitlefont\@subtitle\par}} \fi% %% Aritle Authors, Address and Correspondings \ifnum\aucount>0 \global\punctcount\aucount% \vskip20pt% \artauthors\par%% authors and emails {\vskip7pt\addressfont\auaddress\par%% corresponding adress \removelastskip\vskip24pt% \ifnum\emailcnt>0\relax% \ifx\corrauthemail\@empty\else{\ifnum\aucount>1*\fi}% Corresponding author(s). E-mail(s): \corrauthemail\par\fi% \ifx\authemail\@empty\else Contributing authors:\ \authemail\fi% \fi% \ifequalcont{\par$^{\dagger}$\@equalconttext\par}\fi% \removelastskip\vskip24pt% \ifpresentaddress{\par\@presentaddresstext\par}\fi% } \fi% {\printabstract\par}% {\printkeywords\par}% \ifx\@pacs\empty\else% \loop\ifnum\PacsCount>0% \csname\romannumeral\PacsTmpCnt StorePacsTxt\endcsname\par% \StepDownCounter{\PacsCount}% \StepUpCounter{\PacsTmpCnt}% \repeat% \fi% %%{\printhistory\par}% %%{\ifx\@motto\empty\else\@motto\fi}% \removelastskip\vskip36pt\vskip0pt}% \usepackage{cuted}% \@ifpackageloaded{cuted}{\gdef\@setmarks{}}{}% %% Printing Article Header \newdimen\firstpagehtcheck \renewcommand\maketitle{\par \@afterindentfalse% \begingroup \gdef\UrlFont{\rmfamily}% \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}% \def\@makefnmark{\rlap{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\smash{\@thefnmark}}}}% \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent\small\selectfont \hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}##1}% \if@twocolumn \ifnum \col@number=\@ne% \setbox0=\vbox{\@maketitle} \firstpagehtcheck=\ht0% \advance\firstpagehtcheck by \dp0% \ifdim\firstpagehtcheck>\textheight% \setbox1=\vsplit0to2\textheight% \setbox1=\vbox{\unvbox1}% \setbox2=\vbox{\unvbox0}% \unvbox1% \stripsep=0pt% \begin{strip} \unvbox2% \end{strip} \else \twocolumn[\@maketitle]% \fi \else \@maketitle \fi% \else% \newpage% \global\@topnum\z@% Prevents figures from going at top of page. \@maketitle% \fi% \endgroup% \ifx\@artnote\@empty\else\footnoteA{\@artnote}\fi% \ifx\@miscnote\@empty\else\footnoteA{\@miscnote\par}\fi% \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \global\let\thanks\relax% \global\let\artnote\relax% \global\let\maketitle\relax% \global\let\@maketitle\relax% \global\let\@thanks\@empty% \global\let\@author\@empty% \global\let\@date\@empty% \global\let\title\relax% \global\let\author\relax% \global\let\date\relax% \global\let\and\relax% \pagestyle{headings}% %%%print continuous abstract on next page \@afterheading% %%\vskip-18pt% this is included to avoid vertical space at the beginning of left column on article opening pages }% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Page Styles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % \def\opheaderfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% \def\headerfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% \def\footerfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% %% Regular Page Style \def\ps@headings{% \def\@oddfoot{\hfill\thepage\hfill}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot% \def\@evenhead{% \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-48pt}% \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \relax\hfill}}\par%% \hspace*{-\textwidth}\hbox to \hsize{\hfill}}% \def\@oddhead{% \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-48pt}% \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \relax\hfill}}\par%% \hspace*{-\textwidth}\hbox to \hsize{\hfill}}% \let\@mkboth\markboth% }% %\newdimen\opshortpage% %\def\printcopyright#1{#1}%% %\gdef\@copyrighttext{}% %\gdef\@copyrightyear{\@jyear}% %\def\copytext#1#2{\gdef\@copyrightyear{#2}\def\@copyrighttext{\begin{minipage}[t]{\textwidth}\footerfont\textcopyright\ #1\ \@copyrightyear\end{minipage}}} %\copytext{Springer Science+Business Media B.V.}{\@jyear}% %\def\@opjournalheader{\undef\leftmark\space\ {{(\@jyear),\ \textbf{\@jvol}:\@artid}} {\thepage{--}\pageref*{LastPage}}\\ %{\@DOI}}% %% Opening Page Style \def\ps@titlepage{% %%\def\@oddhead{\vbox{\vskip-36pt\hbox to \textwidth{\hfill\includegraphics{springer-nature-logo}\hspace*{-1pt}}}}% %%\let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty% \def\@oddhead{% \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-38pt}% \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \hfill}}}%% \let\@evenhead\@oddhead% \def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 18pt{\vfill\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil\thepage\hfil}}%% \def\@evenfoot{}}% \def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo% \let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty% \def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 18pt{\vfill\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil ddd\thepage\hfil}}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Sections %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \def\numbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}}% \def\unnumbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}}% \numbered%% default is numbered Sections \renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}% \renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}% \renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}% \renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}% \renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}% %% \def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip.5em}% \def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \let\@svsec\@empty \else \refstepcounter{#1}% \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}% \fi \@tempskipa #5\relax \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ \begingroup #6{% \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}% \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}% \endgroup \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}% \fi #7}% \else \def\@svsechd{% #6{\hskip #3\relax \@svsec #8.}% \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}% \fi #7}}% \fi \@xsect{#5}} % \def\sectionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{14bp}{16bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% \def\subsectionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{12bp}{14bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% \def\subsubsectionfont{\reset@font\fontsize{11bp}{13bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% \def\paragraphfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{12bp}\bfseries\itshape\selectfont\raggedright}% % \def\subparagraphfont{\itshape}% \def\bmheadfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{10bp}{12bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% % \renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}% {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% {9pt}% {\sectionfont}} \renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}% {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% {6pt}% {\subsectionfont}} \renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}% {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% {6pt}% {\subsubsectionfont}} \renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}% {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus-2pt}% {3pt}% {\paragraphfont}} \renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}% {6pt \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}% {-1em}% {\subparagraphfont}} \newcommand\bmhead{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}% {6pt \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}% {-1em}% {\bmheadfont}} % \def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{% \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi \par \@tempskipa #4\relax \@afterindenttrue \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@ \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse \fi \if@nobreak \everypar{}% \else \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa \fi \@ifstar {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}% {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Lists %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \newdimen\labelwidthi% \newdimen\labelwidthii% \newdimen\labelwidthiii% \newdimen\labelwidthiv% \def\normal@labelsep{0.5em}% \labelsep\normal@labelsep% \settowidth{\labelwidthi}{(iii)}% \settowidth{\labelwidthii}{(d)}% \settowidth{\labelwidthiii}{(iii)}% \settowidth{\labelwidthiv}{(M)}% \leftmargini\labelwidthi \advance\leftmargini\labelsep \leftmarginii\labelwidthii \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep \leftmarginiii\labelwidthiii \advance\leftmarginiii\labelsep \leftmarginiv\labelwidthiv \advance\leftmarginiv\labelsep \def\setleftmargin#1#2{\settowidth{\@tempdima}{#2}\labelsep\normal@labelsep \csname labelwidth#1\endcsname\@tempdima \@tempdimb\@tempdima \advance\@tempdimb\labelsep \csname leftmargin#1\endcsname\@tempdimb} \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \labelwidth\labelwidthi \labelsep\normal@labelsep \topsep \z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ \listparindent 1em} \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii \labelwidth\labelwidthii \labelsep\normal@labelsep \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ \listparindent 1em} \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii \labelwidth\labelwidthiii \labelsep\normal@labelsep \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ \listparindent 1em} \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv \labelwidth\labelwidthiv \labelsep\normal@labelsep \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ \listparindent 1em} \let\@listi\@listI \@listi % \setlength \labelsep {.5em} \setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini} \addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep} \@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty \def\labelitemi{$\bullet$} \def\labelitemii{$\cdot$} \def\labelenumi{\theenumi.} \def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}} \def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})} \def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}} \def\labelenumiii{(\roman{enumiii})}\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}} \def\labelenumiv{(\Alph{enumiv})} \def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ordered & Unordered List %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \def\listfont{\normalsize}% % \def\enumargs{% \listfont% \leftmargini0pt% \leftmarginii0pt% \leftmarginiii0pt% \ifnum\@enumdepth=3\topsep0pt\else\ifnum\@enumdepth=2\topsep0pt\else\topsep 6pt\fi\fi% \partopsep \z@% \itemsep \z@% \parsep \z@% \labelsep 0.5em% \rightmargin \z@% \raggedright% \listparindent \parindent% \itemindent \z@}% \def\enumerate{% \@ifnextchar[{\@numerate}{\@numerate[0.]}} \def\@numerate[#1]{\par% \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@enumdepth \@ne \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth} \list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{% \enumargs% \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname} \usecounter{\@enumctr} \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}% \fi } \let\endenumerate\endlist %%Unnumbered list%% \def\unenumargs{% \listfont% \leftmargini\parindent% \topsep6pt% \partopsep \z@% \itemsep \z@% \parsep \z@% \labelsep 0\p@% \rightmargin \z@% \raggedright% \listparindent \parindent% \itemindent -12pt}% \def\unenumerate{% \@ifnextchar[{\@unenumerate}{\@unenumerate[0.]}} \def\@unenumerate[#1]{\par% \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@enumdepth \@ne \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth} \list{}{% \unenumargs \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname} \usecounter{\@enumctr} \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{0pt} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{0pt} \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}% \fi } \let\endunenumerate\endlist% %% bulleted list \def\itemargs{% \listfont% \leftmargini0pt% \leftmarginii0pt% \ifnum\@enumdepth=3\topsep0pt\else\ifnum\@enumdepth=2\topsep0pt\else\topsep 6pt\fi\fi% \partopsep \z@% \itemsep \z@% \parsep \z@% \labelsep 0.5em% \rightmargin \z@% \raggedright% \listparindent \z@% \itemindent \z@}% \renewcommand\labelitemi{\raise1pt\hbox{\textbullet}}% \renewcommand\labelitemii{\textendash}% \def\itemize{% \@ifnextchar[{\@itemize}{\@itemize[$\bullet$]}} \def\@itemize[#1]{\par% \ifnum \@itemdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@itemdepth \@ne \edef\@itemctr{item\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth} \list{\csname label\@itemctr\endcsname}{% \itemargs \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth\endcsname} \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth} \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} \def\makelabel##1{\hss \llap{##1}}}% \fi } \let\enditemize\endlist % \def\quote{\list{}{\itemindent\z@ \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@}% \item[]} \let\endquote\endlist % \def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \itshape #1} \def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \leftmargin \z@ \topsep6pt\itemindent \z@ %-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}} \let\enddescription\endlist % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Float %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \setlength\abovecaptionskip{2.25\p@}% \setlength\belowcaptionskip{6\p@}% \setlength\arraycolsep{2\p@}% \setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}% \setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}% \setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}% \setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}% \def\fnum@figure{{\bfseries\figurename\space\thefigure}}% \def\fnum@table{{\bfseries\tablename\space\thetable}}% \def\FigName{figure}% \long\def\@makecaption#1#2{% \ifx\FigName\@captype \vskip\abovecaptionskip \@figurecaption{#1}{#2} \else \@tablecaption{#1}{#2} \vskip\belowcaptionskip \fi% } %% Figure \def\figurecaptionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8}{9.5}\selectfont}% \newdimen\figwidth% \newdimen\figheight% \newdimen\sidecapwidth \newdimen\wrapcapline% \newdimen\totalwrapline% \newdimen\wraptotline% %% Figures macro \newbox\figurebox% \newbox\wrapfigcapbox \def\FIG#1#2{% \setbox\figurebox\hbox{#1}% %% Figure dimensions \figwidth\wd\figurebox% \figheight\ht\figurebox% {\parbox{\hsize}{% \centerline{\box\figurebox}% %% Caption #2}}} %% Figures caption \newbox\figcapbox \newbox\capbox \long\def\@figurecaption#1#2{{\figurecaptionfont{\bfseries#1}\hskip.7em#2\par}}% \newenvironment{unnumfigure}{\begingroup\setlength{\topsep}{12pt}% \begin{center}}{\end{center}\endgroup} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \@ifpackageloaded{booktabs}{\cmidrulewidth=.15pt}{}% % \def\tablecaptionfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% \def\tablebodyfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% \def\tablecolheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\bfseries\boldmath}% \def\tablefootnotefont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% %% Table Macro \newskip\headwidthskip% \def\tabraggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\parfillskip=0pt}% \newenvironment{@processtable}[4]{% \setbox4=\hbox to \hsize{\hss% \begin{minipage}[t]{#4}% \tabraggedcenter% \caption{#1}\par% {\tablebodyfont\noindent\ignorespaces#2\par}\par\vglue6pt% {\if!#3!\else{\tablefootnotefont#3}\fi}% \end{minipage}% \hss}% \box4\par}% \newcommand\TBL[3]{\begingroup% % \if!#1!\let\caption\relax\fi% % \global\setbox\temptbox=\hbox{\bgroup{\tablebodyfont#2}\egroup}% \global\tempdime\wd\temptbox% \@processtable{#1}{\global\headwidthskip=\tempdime% \vbox{#2}}{#3}{\tempdime}% \endgroup}% %% Table Caption \newbox\tabcapbox% \newbox\temptbox% \newdimen\tempdime% \newdimen\tabhtdime% \long\def\@tablecaption#1#2{% \setbox\tabcapbox\vbox{\tablecaptionfont\raggedright% {\bfseries #1}{\hskip2mm}#2\vphantom{y}\par}% \box\tabcapbox% } %% Table Column Heads \def\TCH#1{{\tablecolheadfont #1}} %% Table Footnotes \newenvironment{tablenotes}{\list{}{\setlength{\labelsep}{0pt}% \setlength{\labelwidth}{0pt}% \setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}% \setlength{\rightmargin}{0pt}% \setlength{\topsep}{-6pt}% \setlength{\itemsep}{2pt}% \setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}% \setlength{\listparindent}{0em}% \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}}% \item\relax% }{\endlist}% \def\tnote#1{$^{#1}$}%% %% Table Rules \def\toprule{%\noalign{\vskip3pt} \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi \hrule \@height 0\p@ \@width 0pt \hrule \@height 0.75\p@ % <- rule height \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline} % Middle rule \def\midrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi% \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt \hrule \@height .5pt % <- rule height \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline} % Bottom rule \def\botrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt \hrule \@height 0.75\p@ % <- rule height \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline} % \def\@@@cmidrule[#1-#2]#3#4{\global\@cmidla#1\relax \global\advance\@cmidla\m@ne \ifnum\@cmidla>0\global\let\@gtempa\@cmidrulea\else \global\let\@gtempa\@cmidruleb\fi \global\@cmidlb#2\relax \global\advance\@cmidlb-\@cmidla \global\@thisrulewidth=#3 \@setrulekerning{#4} \ifnum\@lastruleclass=\z@\vskip 3\p@\fi \ifnum0=`{\fi}\@gtempa \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\futurenonspacelet\@tempa\@xcmidrule} \def\@xcmidrule{% \ifx\@tempa\cmidrule \vskip-\@thisrulewidth \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne \else \ifx\@tempa\morecmidrules \vskip \cmidrulesep \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne\else \vskip 5\p@ \global\@lastruleclass=\z@ \fi\fi \ifnum0=`{\fi}} \let\cline\cmidrule \usepackage[figuresright]{rotating}% \usepackage{threeparttable} \let\tableorg\table% \let\endtableorg\endtable% \let\sidewaystableorg\sidewaystable% \let\endsidewaystableorg\endsidewaystable% \renewenvironment{table}[1][]% {\begin{tableorg}[#1]% \begin{center} \begin{threeparttable} \tablebodyfont% \renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\removelastskip\vskip3pt% \let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% \hskip0pt\if!##1!\else{\smash{$^{##1}$}}\fi##2\par}}% }{\end{threeparttable}\end{center}\end{tableorg}} \renewenvironment{sidewaystable}[1][]% {\begin{sidewaystableorg}[#1]% \begin{center} \begin{threeparttable} \tablebodyfont% \renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\removelastskip\vskip3pt% \let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% \hskip0pt\if!##1!\else{\smash{$^{##1}$}}\fi##2\par}}% }{\end{threeparttable}\end{center}\end{sidewaystableorg}} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Other Env. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \def\quotefont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9}{11}\selectfont}% \renewenvironment{quote} {\list{}{\topsep=0pt\topsep6pt\leftmargin=1em\raggedright\quotefont}% \item\relax} {\endlist} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Appendix %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \newif\ifbackmatter% \newcommand{\backmatter}{\global\backmattertrue}% \usepackage[title]{appendix}% \@ifpackageloaded{appendix}{% % \renewenvironment{appendices}{% \@resets@pp \if@dotoc@pp \if@dopage@pp % both page and toc \if@chapter@pp % chapters \clear@ppage \fi \appendixpage \else % toc only \if@chapter@pp % chapters \clear@ppage \fi \addappheadtotoc \fi \else \if@dopage@pp % page only \appendixpage \fi \fi \if@chapter@pp \if@dotitletoc@pp \@redotocentry@pp{chapter} \fi \else \if@dotitletoc@pp \@redotocentry@pp{section} \fi \if@dohead@pp \def\sectionmark##1{% \if@twoside \markboth{\@formatsecmark@pp{##1}}{} \else \markright{\@formatsecmark@pp{##1}}{} \fi} \fi \if@dotitle@pp \def\sectionname{\appendixname} \def\@seccntformat##1{\@ifundefined{##1name}{}{\csname ##1name\endcsname\ }% \csname the##1\endcsname\quad} \fi \fi }{% \@ppsaveapp\@pprestoresec} %% \AtBeginDocument{% % \let\oldappendices\appendices% \let\oldendappendices\endappendices% %% \renewenvironment{appendices}{% \setcounter{figure}{0}% \setcounter{table}{0}% \setcounter{equation}{0}% %% \begin{oldappendices}% \gdef\thefigure{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{figure}}% \gdef\thetable{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{table}}% \gdef\theequation{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{equation}}% }{\end{oldappendices}} } %% }{} % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article History %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \def\@history{} \def\printhistory{{\par\addvspace{8pt}% \historyfont\noindent% \ifx\@history\empty\gdef\@history{Received xx xxx xxxx}\fi\@history\par}}% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Footnotes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{% \hskip8pt{\smash{\@makefnmark}}#1} % \RequirePackage{hyperref}% %%\RequirePackage{hypcap}% \gdef\breakurldefns{% \if@pdflatex\else% \RequirePackage[hyphenbreaks]{breakurl}% % \let\href\burlalt% \fi}% \breakurldefns% % \bgroup % \catcode`\&=12\relax % \hyper@normalise\burl@addtocharlistbefore{%} % \hyper@normalise\burl@addtocharlistafter{:/.?#&_,;!=+~}%% for extra breaks in url % \egroup % \burl@defifstructure % \hypersetup{% colorlinks, breaklinks=true, plainpages=false,% citecolor=blue, linkcolor=blue, urlcolor=blue, bookmarksopen=true,% bookmarksnumbered=false,% bookmarksdepth=5% } % \AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand\UrlFont{\rmfamily}}% % \AtBeginDocument{% \@ifpackageloaded{natbib}{% \renewcommand\bibsection{% \section*{\refname}% }% }{}% }% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % \pagestyle{headings}% \pagenumbering{arabic}% \sloppy% \frenchspacing% \flushbottom% %%% special parameters for TeX \adjdemerits=100 \linepenalty=100 % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Biography % \RequirePackage{wrapfig}% % % % \begin{wrapfigure}[12]{r}[34pt]{5cm}
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You may however distribute the LaTeX base system without +%% such generated files. +%% +%% The list of all files belonging to the LaTeX base distribution is +%% given in the file `manifest.txt'. See also `legal.txt' for additional +%% information. +%% +%% The list of derived (unpacked) files belonging to the distribution +%% and covered by LPPL is defined by the unpacking scripts (with +%% extension .ins) which are part of the distribution. +%% \CharacterTable +%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z +%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z +%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9 +%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \# +%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \& +%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \) +%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \, +%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/ +%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \< +%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \? +%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\ +%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_ +%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \| +%% Right brace \} Tilde \~} +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] +\ProvidesClass{sn-jnl} + [2019/11/18 v0.1: An authoring template for Springer Journal articles] + +\newif\if@restonecol +\newif\if@titlepage \@titlepagefalse +\newif\if@cropmarkson \@cropmarksonfalse +\newif\ifDoublecol \Doublecolfalse% +\newif\ifpagebody\global\pagebodyfalse% +\newif\if@iicol\global\@iicolfalse% +\newif\if@bibcomment\global\@bibcommentfalse% +\newif\if@referee\global\@refereefalse% +\newif\if@vrulerlinenumberon\global\@vrulerlinenumberonfalse% +\newif\if@pdflatex\global\@pdflatexfalse% +\newif\if@remarkboxon\global\@remarkboxonfalse% + +\newif\if@Numbered@refstyle\global\@Numbered@refstylefalse% Namedate + +\newif\if@Spr@basic@refstyle\global\@Spr@basic@refstylefalse% 1.Basic Springer Nature Reference Style/Chemistry Reference Style -> sn-basic.bst +\newif\if@Mathphys@refstyle\global\@Mathphys@refstylefalse% 2.Math and Physical Sciences Reference Style -> sn-mathphys.bst +\newif\if@APS@refstyle\global\@APS@refstylefalse% 3.American Physical Society (APS) Reference Style -> sn-APS.bst +\newif\if@Vancouver@refstyle\global\@Vancouver@refstylefalse% 4.Vancouver Reference Style -> sn-vancouver.bst +\newif\if@APA@refstyle\global\@APA@refstylefalse% 5.APA-based Social Sciences/Psychology Reference Style -> sn-apacite.bst +\newif\if@Chicago@refstyle\global\@Chicago@refstylefalse% 6.Chicago-based Humanities Reference Style -> sn-chicago.bst +\newif\if@Standard@Nature@refstyle\global\@Standard@Nature@refstylefalse% 7.Standard Nature Research Style -> sn-nature.bst +\newif\if@Default@refstyle\global\@Default@refstylefalse% 8. default reference style - no bib/bst required + +%% Template Options +\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\PassOptionsToPackage{a4}{crop}} +\DeclareOption{a3paper}{\PassOptionsToClass{a3paper}{article}\PassOptionsToPackage{a3}{crop}} +\DeclareOption{centre}{\PassOptionsToPackage{center}{crop}} +\DeclareOption{crop}{\PassOptionsToPackage{frame}{crop}\global\@cropmarksontrue} +\DeclareOption{nocrop}{\PassOptionsToPackage{off}{crop}\global\@cropmarksontrue} +\DeclareOption{info}{\PassOptionsToPackage{info}{crop}} +\DeclareOption{noinfo}{\PassOptionsToPackage{noinfo}{crop}} + +%% Classfile Options +\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse} +\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue} +\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}} +\DeclareOption{titlepage}{\@titlepagetrue} +\DeclareOption{notitlepage}{\@titlepagefalse} +\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse} +\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue} +\DeclareOption{openbib}{\let\if@openbib\iftrue} +\DeclareOption{pagegrid}{\global\pagebodytrue}% +\DeclareOption{iicol}{\global\@iicoltrue}% +\DeclareOption{bibcomment}{\global\@bibcommenttrue}% +\DeclareOption{referee}{\global\@refereetrue}% +\DeclareOption{lineno}{\global\@vrulerlinenumberontrue}% +\DeclareOption{pdflatex}{\global\@pdflatextrue}% +\DeclareOption{remarkboxoff}{\global\@remarkboxonfalse}% + +\DeclareOption{sn-basic}{\global\@Spr@basic@refstyletrue}% +\DeclareOption{sn-mathphys}{\global\@Mathphys@refstyletrue}% +\DeclareOption{sn-aps}{\global\@APS@refstyletrue}% +\DeclareOption{sn-vancouver}{\global\@Vancouver@refstyletrue}% +\DeclareOption{sn-apa}{\global\@APA@refstyletrue}% +\DeclareOption{sn-chicago}{\global\@Chicago@refstyletrue}% +\DeclareOption{sn-nature}{\global\@Standard@Nature@refstyletrue}% +\DeclareOption{default}{\global\@Default@refstyletrue}% + +\DeclareOption{Numbered}{\global\@Numbered@refstyletrue}% +\DeclareOption{NameDate}{\global\@Numbered@refstylefalse}% + + +%%\ExecuteOptions{twosidecrop,crop,centre,info,croppage} +\ProcessOptions +\LoadClass[twoside,fleqn]{article} + +\gdef\refereedefns{% +\if@referee% +\usepackage{setspace}% +\doublespacing% +\fi}% +\refereedefns% + +%% General Packages Used +% +\AtBeginDocument{% +%%\newcommand*\ExtraParaSkip{12pt}% +\SetFootnoteHook{\hspace*{-8pt}}% +\DeclareNewFootnote{A}[gobble]% +\setlength{\skip\footinsA}{0pt}}% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonts & Sizes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +%% Fonts Used +%%\RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}% +% +\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}% +\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}% +\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}% +\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}% +\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}% +\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}% +\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}% +\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}% +\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}% +% +\renewcommand\normalsize{% + \@setfontsize\normalsize{10bp}{12bp}% + \abovedisplayskip 12\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus1\p@ + \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@% + \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@% + \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip% + \let\@listi\@listI}% +\normalsize% +% +\newcommand\medsize{% + \@setfontsize\small\@xipt{13}% + \abovedisplayskip 5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@ + \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@ + \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ + \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ + \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ + \itemsep \parsep}% + \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}% +% +\renewcommand\small{% + \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11}% + \abovedisplayskip 5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@ + \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@ + \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ + \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@ + \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ + \itemsep \parsep}% + \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}% +% +\renewcommand\footnotesize{% + \@setfontsize\footnotesize{7}{8}% + \abovedisplayskip 5\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@ + \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus\p@ + \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus2\p@ + \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \topsep 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ + \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@ + \itemsep \parsep}% + \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip} +% +\renewcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@ixpt\@ixpt}% +\newcommand\scrisize{\@setfontsize\scrisize{9.3}{9}}% +\renewcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}% +\renewcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large{12}{14}}% +\newcommand\larg{\@setfontsize\larg{11}{13}}% +\renewcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large{16}{18}}% +\renewcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{22}}% +\renewcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}% +\renewcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}% +% +\DeclareMathSizes{\@ixpt}{\@ixpt}{7}{5}% +\DeclareMathSizes{\@xpt}{\@xpt}{7}{5}% +\DeclareMathSizes{\@xipt}{\@xipt}{7}{5}% +% +\DeclareRobustCommand*\textsubscript[1]{% + \@textsubscript{\selectfont#1}}% +% +\def\@textsubscript#1{% + {\m@th\ensuremath{_{\mbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@#1}}}}}% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Layout Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +%%\RequirePackage{geometry}% +% +\newlength\columnhsize% +% +%% Regular Pages (for Opening page - redefined) +% +\if@iicol% +% +%% for double column used sn-medium design trim and page size %% +% +\setlength\headheight{12pt}% +\setlength\headsep{5.15mm}% +% +\setlength\columnsep{8mm}% +\setlength\columnhsize{76mm}% +% +\setlength\maxdepth{0pt}% +\setlength\footnotesep{7\p@}% +\setlength{\skip\footins}{18\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}% +% +\RequirePackage[% + reversemp, + paperwidth=210mm, + paperheight=297mm, + top={26mm}, + headheight={12pt}, + headsep={5.15mm}, + text={160mm,216mm}, + marginparsep=5mm, + marginparwidth=12mm, + bindingoffset=6mm, + footskip=10.13mm,twocolumn]{geometry}% +% +\renewcommand\footnoterule{% + \kern3\p@% + \hrule \@height.2mm \@width\columnwidth% + \kern5.5\p@}% +% +\else% +%% For single column used smallcond design trim and page size %% +\RequirePackage[% + reversemp, + paperwidth=210mm, + paperheight=297mm, + top={26mm}, + headheight={5.5pt}, + headsep={5.6mm}, + text={31pc,194.25mm}, + marginparsep=5mm, + marginparwidth=12mm, + bindingoffset=6mm, + footskip=10mm]{geometry} +% + \setlength\maxdepth{0pt}% + \setlength\columnsep{5mm}% + \setlength{\marginparsep}{5mm}% + \setlength{\marginparwidth}{12mm}% + \setlength\footnotesep{5.75\p@}% + \setlength{\skip\footins}{8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 0\p@}% +% +\renewcommand\footnoterule{% + \kern3\p@% + \ifodd\c@page% + \hrule \@height.2mm \@width\textwidth% + \else% + \hrule \@height.2mm \@width37mm + \fi% + \kern5.5\p@}% +% +\fi% +% +% +\setlength\parindent{1.5em}% +% +\def\StepUpCounter#1{\global\advance#1by 1\relax}% +\def\StepDownCounter#1{\global\advance#1by -1\relax}% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Pagination Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +% Line spacing +\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}% +\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}% +%%\renewcommand\baselinestretch{1.5}% +\parskip=0pt% +% +% Page break penalties +% +\@lowpenalty 51 +\@medpenalty 151 +\@highpenalty 301 +% +% Disallow widows and orphans +% +\clubpenalty 10000 +\widowpenalty 10000 +% +% Disable page breaks before equations, allow pagebreaks after +% equations and discourage widow lines before equations. +% +\displaywidowpenalty 100 +\predisplaypenalty 10000 +\postdisplaypenalty 0 +% +% Set these global demerits +% +\doublehyphendemerits 1000000 % corresponds to badness 800 +\finalhyphendemerits 1000000 % corresponds to badness 1000 +% +% Allow loose lines rather than overfull lines +% +\vbadness=9999 +\tolerance=9999 +% +% Allow breaking the page in the middle of a paragraph +% +\interlinepenalty 0 +% +% Disallow breaking the page after a hyphenated line +\brokenpenalty 10000 +% +% Hyphenation; don't split words into less than three characters +\lefthyphenmin=3 +\righthyphenmin=3 +% +% Float placement parameters +% +% The total number of floats that can be allowed on a page. +\setcounter{totalnumber}{3} +% +% The maximum number of floats at the top and bottom of a page. +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{bottomnumber}{5} +% +% The maximum part of the top or bottom of a text page that can be +% occupied by floats. This is set so that at least four lines of text +% fit on the page. +\renewcommand\topfraction{.921} +\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.921} + +% The minimum amount of a text page that must be occupied by text. +% This should accomodate four lines of text. +\renewcommand\textfraction{.13} + +% The minimum amount of a float page that must be occupied by floats. +\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.887} + +% The same parameters repeated for double column output +\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.88} +\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.88} + +% Space between floats +\setlength\floatsep{18\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} + +% Space between floats and text +\setlength\textfloatsep{15\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} + +% Space above and below an inline figure +\setlength\intextsep {18\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} + +% For double column floats +\setlength\dblfloatsep {20\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} +\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{15\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@} + +\hyphenation{Figure Figures Table Tables Equation Equations Section Sections Appendix Theorem Lemma} + + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Math Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% For above/below spacing +\def\eqnarray{% + \stepcounter{equation}% + \def\@currentlabel{\p@equation\theequation}% + \global\@eqnswtrue + \m@th + \global\@eqcnt\z@ + \tabskip\@centering + \let\\\@eqncr + $$\everycr{}\halign to\displaywidth\bgroup + \hskip\@centering$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip{##}$\@eqnsel + &\global\@eqcnt\@ne\hskip \tw@\arraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil + &\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip \tw@\arraycolsep + $\displaystyle{##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering + &\global\@eqcnt\thr@@ \hb@xt@\z@\bgroup\hss##\egroup + \tabskip\z@skip + \cr +} +\def\endeqnarray{% + \@@eqncr + \egroup + \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne + $$\@ignoretrue +} +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Titles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +\renewcommand\refname{References}% +\renewcommand\figurename{Fig.}% defined as per springer style +\renewcommand\tablename{Table}% +\renewcommand\appendixname{Appendix}% +\renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract}% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article Front Matter %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% + +\def\raggedleft{\leftskip0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% +\def\raggedright{\rightskip0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% +\def\raggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil% +\parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% +\def\titraggedcenter{\leftskip=12pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=12pt plus 0.5fil% +\parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% +\def\absraggedcenter{\leftskip=24pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=24pt plus 0.5fil% +\parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}% + +% +%%% Font Def +\def\Artcatfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont}% +\def\Titlefont{\reset@font\fontsize{17bp}{22.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% +\def\SubTitlefont{\reset@font\fontsize{14bp}{16.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% +\def\Authorfont{\reset@font\fontsize{12bp}{14.5bp}\selectfont\boldmath\titraggedcenter}% +\def\addressfont{\reset@font\fontsize{11bp}{13.5bp}\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% +\def\abstractheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\bfseries\selectfont\titraggedcenter}% +\def\abstractsubheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\bfseries\selectfont}% +\def\abstractfont{\reset@font\fontsize{9bp}{11bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt\parfillskip=0pt plus 1fil}% +\def\keywordfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus0.5fill}% +\def\historyfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus0.5fill}% + +%% Article Type + +\newbox\artcatbox% + +\AtBeginDocument{\definecolor{artcatboxgray}{cmyk}{0.0,0.0,0.0,0.30}}% + +\def\articletype#1{\if!#1!\else\setbox\artcatbox\hbox{\Artcatfont\hskip1mm#1\hskip1mm}\fi% +\gdef\ArtType{\fboxsep=0pt\colorbox{artcatboxgray}{\vbox to 4mm{\vfil% + {\raggedright\box\artcatbox}\vfil}}}% +\gdef\@ArtType{#1}}% +%%\articletype{RESEARCH ARTICLE}% +\articletype{}% + +%% Meta Info +%\def\@jyear{{0000}}% +%\def\jyear#1{\gdef\@jyear{#1}}% + +%% Article Title + +\renewcommand{\title}[2][]{% +\gdef\@checktitle{#1}\ifx\@checktitle\empty\gdef\@title{#2}% +\gdef\s@title{#2}\else\gdef\@title{#2}\gdef\s@title{#1}\fi% +\markboth{\textit{\s@title}}{\textit{\s@title}}}% + +\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}\subtitle{}% + +%% Cross Link for Author & Address +\def\jmkLabel#1{\@bsphack\protected@write\@auxout{}{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\@currentlabel}}\@esphack}% +\def\Newlabel#1#2{\expandafter\xdef\csname X@#1\endcsname{#2}}% +\def\jmkRef#1{\@ifundefined{X@#1}{0}{\csname X@#1\endcsname}}% + +%% Article Author(s) +\let\sep\@empty% +\let\authorsep\@empty% +\newcount\aucount% +\newcount\corraucount% +\newcount\punctcount% +% +\def\artauthors{}% +\newif\if@auemail% +\newif\if@corauemail% +% +\def\au@and{\ifnum\punctcount=2\ and\else\unskip, \advance\punctcount by -1 \fi}% +% +\def\author{\advance\aucount by 1\@ifstar\@@corrauthor\@@author}% +% +\newcommand{\@@author}[2][]{\def\@authfrstarg{#1}\@corauemailfalse% +\g@addto@macro\artauthors{% + \ifnum\aucount=1% + \global\@auemailtrue% + \else% + \global\@auemailfalse% + \fi% + \Authorfont% + \def\baselinestretch{1}% + \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx\@authfrstarg\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{% + \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{\@@affmark}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}% + \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}}\fi% + \def\authorsep{{\au@and} }%%% + \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty% +}}% +% +\newcommand{\@@corrauthor}[2][]{\def\@authfrstarg{#1}\@corauemailtrue\advance\corraucount by 1% +\g@addto@macro\artauthors{% + \global\@auemailtrue% + \Authorfont% + \def\baselinestretch{1}% + \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx\@authfrstarg\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{% + \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{\@@affmark}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}% + \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}{*}\hskip-1pt}\fi\unskip% + \def\authorsep{\au@and~}%%% + \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty% +}}% +%% +%% Miscellaneous macros %% +%% +\def\fnm#1{\leavevmode\hbox{#1}}% +\def\sur#1{\unskip~\nobreak\leavevmode\hbox{#1}}% +\def\spfx#1{#1}% +\def\pfx#1{#1}% +\def\sfx#1{#1}% +\def\tanm#1{#1}% +\def\dgr#1{#1}% +% +%% Author Email +% +\let\nomail\relax% +\def\corrauthemail{}% +\def\authemail{}% + +\newcount\emailcnt% + +\def\email#1{\global\advance\emailcnt by 1\relax% +\if@corauemail% + \g@addto@macro\corrauthemail{% + \setcounter{footnote}{0}% + \textcolor{blue}{#1};\ % + }% +\else% + \g@addto@macro\authemail{% + \setcounter{footnote}{0}% + \textcolor{blue}{#1};\ % + }% +\fi} + +%% Corrseponding Address +\def\@copycorthanks{}% +\def\auaddress{}% +\def\@auaddress{}% + +\newcounter{affn}% +\newcount\addcount% To check the count of address + +\renewcommand\theaffn{\arabic{affn}}% + +\def\affil{\advance\addcount by 1\@ifstar\@@coraddress\@@address}% + +\newcommand{\@@coraddress}[2][]{%\advance\addcount by 1 +\g@addto@macro\auaddress{% + \stepcounter{affn}% + \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}% + \jmkLabel{\theaffn}% + {\textsuperscript{#1*}#2.\par} } +} + +%% Macros for present address + +\newif\ifpresentaddress% + +\def\@presentaddresstxt{}% +\def\presentaddresstxt#1{\gdef\@presentaddresstxt{#1:}}\presentaddresstxt{Present Address}% +\newcommand{\presentaddress}[1]{\gdef\@presentaddresstext{\@presentaddresstxt\par#1}\global\presentaddresstrue}% + +%% Macros for equally contributed + +\newif\ifequalcont% + +%\def\@equalconttxt{}% +%\def\equalcontxt#1{\gdef\@equalconttxt{#1}}\equalcontxt{These authors contributed equally to this work.}% +%\newcommand{\equalcont}[1][\@equalconttxt]{\gdef\@equalconttext{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{$^{\dagger}$}\global\equalconttrue}% + +\def\@equalconttxt{}% +\def\equalcontxt#1{\gdef\@equalconttxt{#1}}\equalcontxt{}% +\newcommand{\equalcont}[1]{\gdef\@equalconttext{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{$^{\dagger}$}\global\equalconttrue}% + +%% Author Address + +\newcommand{\@@address}[2][]{%%\advance\addcount by 1 +\g@addto@macro\auaddress{% + \stepcounter{affn}% + \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}% + \jmkLabel{\theaffn}% + {\textsuperscript{#1}#2.\par} }%\theaffn +} + +%% Address tagging +\newcommand{\orgdiv}[1]{#1}% +\newcommand{\orgname}[1]{#1}% +\newcommand{\orgaddress}[1]{#1}% +\newcommand{\street}[1]{#1}% +\newcommand{\postcode}[1]{#1}% +\newcommand{\city}[1]{#1}% +\newcommand{\state}[1]{#1}% +\newcommand{\country}[1]{#1}% + +%% Article notes + +\def\@artnote{}% +\def\artnote#1{\gdef\@artnote{#1}}% + +%% Miscellaneous notes + +\def\@miscnote{}% +\def\miscnote#1{\gdef\@miscnote{\par\addvspace{3pt}#1}}% + +%% Motto + +\def\mottofont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8.5bp}{10bp}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\raggedright} +% +\let\@motto\@empty +\def\mottoraggedright{\rightskip0mm\leftskip=42mm plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}% +\newcommand{\motto}[2][]{\gdef\@headcheck{#1}\gdef\@motto{\@headcheck\ifx\@headcheck\@empty\vskip12pt\else\fi{\mottofont\mottoraggedright#2\par}}} + +%% Article Abstract +\newcommand\abstracthead{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-22pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{3pt}{\abstractheadfont}} +\newcommand\subabstracthead{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{3pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{-.5em}{\abstractsubheadfont}} + +\def\@abstract{}% +\long\def\abstract#1{\def\@abstract{% +\let\paragraph\subabstracthead% +\abstractfont% +\abstracthead*{\abstractname}% +#1\par}}% + +\def\printabstract{\ifx\@abstract\empty\else\@abstract\fi\par}% + +\def\printkeywords{\ifx\@keywords\empty\else\@keywords\fi\par}% + +% +%% Keywords +\def\keywordname{Keywords}% +\def\keywords#1{\ifx#1\empty\else\def\@keywords{\par\addvspace{10pt}{\keywordfont{\bfseries\keywordname:} #1\par}}\fi}% +\def\@keywords{}% + +%% PACs + +\def\pacsbullet{\hbox{\hskip2.5pt,\hskip2.5pt}}% + +\def\change@commas#1,#2{% + \ifx#2\@empty% + #1% + \else% + #1\nobreak\hbox{\pacsbullet}\allowbreak\expandafter\change@commas% + \fi% + #2}% + +\newcommand\keywordhead[1]{\par\addvspace{10pt}% +{{\keywordfont\bfseries#1:\ }}}% + +\newcommand{\pacs}[1]{\keywordhead{\pacsname}#1}% +% +\newcount\PacsCount% +\PacsCount=0% +% +\newcount\PacsTmpCnt% +\PacsTmpCnt=1% +% +\gdef\StorePacsText#1#2{% +\edef\GetRoman{\romannumeral#1}% +\expandafter\gdef\csname\GetRoman StorePacsTxt\endcsname{#2}% +}% +% +\let\oldpacs\pacs% +\renewcommand\pacs[2][PAC Codes]{\gdef\pacsname{{\bfseries#1}}\gdef\@pacs{\keywordfont\raggedright\oldpacs\change@commas#2,\@empty\par} +\StepUpCounter{\PacsCount}% +\StorePacsText{\the\PacsCount}{\gdef\pacsname{{\bfseries#1}}\keywordfont\raggedright\oldpacs\change@commas#2,\@empty}% +}% + +\def\@pacs{}% + +%% Glossary + +\def\gloshead{Glossary}% + +\newenvironment{glos}[1][\gloshead]{\begingroup\parindent=0pt% +\section*{#1} +\def\item[##1]{##1,\ }}{% +\endgroup}% +% + +%% Article History + +\def\received#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{Received #1}}}% +\def\revised#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; revised #1}}}% +\def\accepted#1{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; accepted #1}}}% + +%% Remark on Front page %% + +\newdimen\FMremarkdim% + +\newcommand{\FMremark}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt% +\if@referee\singlespacing\fi% +\fboxsep=6pt\fboxrule=0.5pt% +\FMremarkdim=\textwidth%%\paperwidth% +\advance\FMremarkdim-\fboxsep% +\advance\FMremarkdim-2\fboxrule% +\if@referee\vskip-21pt\fi% +%%\fbox{\vbox{\hsize=\FMremarkdim\small% +\unvbox\fmremarkbox +%%}}% +\endgroup} + +\newbox\fmremarkbox% + +\newenvironment{fmremark}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt% +\fboxsep=6pt\fboxrule=0.5pt% +\FMremarkdim=\textwidth%%\paperwidth% +\advance\FMremarkdim-\fboxsep% +\advance\FMremarkdim-2\fboxrule% +\global\setbox\fmremarkbox\vbox\bgroup\small% +}{\egroup\endgroup} + +%% Article Header Definition +\renewcommand{\@maketitle}{\newpage\null% + \if@remarkboxon\vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-78pt}\hspace*{-18pt}\FMremark}\else\vskip21pt\fi%%\par% + \hsize\textwidth\parindent0pt%%%\vskip7pt% + %% Aritle Type + {\hbox to \textwidth{{\Artcatfont\ArtType\hfill}\par}} + %% Aritle Title + \ifx\@title\empty\else% + \removelastskip\vskip20pt\nointerlineskip% + {\Titlefont\@title\par} + %\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\@title}% for bookmarks + \fi% + %% Aritle SubTitle + \ifx\@subtitle\empty\else% + \vskip9pt% + {{\SubTitlefont\@subtitle\par}} + \fi% + %% Aritle Authors, Address and Correspondings + \ifnum\aucount>0 + \global\punctcount\aucount% + \vskip20pt% + \artauthors\par%% authors and emails + {\vskip7pt\addressfont\auaddress\par%% corresponding adress + \removelastskip\vskip24pt% + \ifnum\emailcnt>0\relax% + \ifx\corrauthemail\@empty\else{\ifnum\aucount>1*\fi}% + Corresponding author(s). E-mail(s): \corrauthemail\par\fi% + \ifx\authemail\@empty\else Contributing authors:\ \authemail\fi% + \fi% + \ifequalcont{\par$^{\dagger}$\@equalconttext\par}\fi% + \removelastskip\vskip24pt% + \ifpresentaddress{\par\@presentaddresstext\par}\fi% + } + \fi% + {\printabstract\par}% + {\printkeywords\par}% + \ifx\@pacs\empty\else% + \loop\ifnum\PacsCount>0% + \csname\romannumeral\PacsTmpCnt StorePacsTxt\endcsname\par% + \StepDownCounter{\PacsCount}% + \StepUpCounter{\PacsTmpCnt}% + \repeat% + \fi% + %%{\printhistory\par}% + %%{\ifx\@motto\empty\else\@motto\fi}% + \removelastskip\vskip36pt\vskip0pt}% + +\usepackage{cuted}% +\@ifpackageloaded{cuted}{\gdef\@setmarks{}}{}% + +%% Printing Article Header +\newdimen\firstpagehtcheck + +\renewcommand\maketitle{\par + \@afterindentfalse% + \begingroup + \gdef\UrlFont{\rmfamily}% + \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}% + \def\@makefnmark{\rlap{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\smash{\@thefnmark}}}}% + \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent\small\selectfont + \hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}##1}% + \if@twocolumn + \ifnum \col@number=\@ne% +\setbox0=\vbox{\@maketitle} +\firstpagehtcheck=\ht0% +\advance\firstpagehtcheck by \dp0% +\ifdim\firstpagehtcheck>\textheight% +\setbox1=\vsplit0to2\textheight% +\setbox1=\vbox{\unvbox1}% +\setbox2=\vbox{\unvbox0}% +\unvbox1% +\stripsep=0pt% +\begin{strip} +\unvbox2% +\end{strip} +\else +\twocolumn[\@maketitle]% +\fi +\else +\@maketitle +\fi% + \else% + \newpage% + \global\@topnum\z@% Prevents figures from going at top of page. + \@maketitle% + \fi% + \endgroup% + \ifx\@artnote\@empty\else\footnoteA{\@artnote}\fi% + \ifx\@miscnote\@empty\else\footnoteA{\@miscnote\par}\fi% + \setcounter{footnote}{0}% + \global\let\thanks\relax% + \global\let\artnote\relax% + \global\let\maketitle\relax% + \global\let\@maketitle\relax% + \global\let\@thanks\@empty% + \global\let\@author\@empty% + \global\let\@date\@empty% + \global\let\title\relax% + \global\let\author\relax% + \global\let\date\relax% + \global\let\and\relax% + \pagestyle{headings}% + %%%print continuous abstract on next page + \@afterheading% + %%\vskip-18pt% this is included to avoid vertical space at the beginning of left column on article opening pages +}% + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Page Styles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +% +\def\opheaderfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% +\def\headerfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% +\def\footerfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{0bp}\selectfont}% + +%% Regular Page Style +\def\ps@headings{% + \def\@oddfoot{\hfill\thepage\hfill}% + \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot% + \def\@evenhead{% + \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-48pt}% + \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \relax\hfill}}\par%% + \hspace*{-\textwidth}\hbox to \hsize{\hfill}}% + \def\@oddhead{% + \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-48pt}% + \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \relax\hfill}}\par%% + \hspace*{-\textwidth}\hbox to \hsize{\hfill}}% + \let\@mkboth\markboth% + }% + +%\newdimen\opshortpage% + +%\def\printcopyright#1{#1}%% + +%\gdef\@copyrighttext{}% +%\gdef\@copyrightyear{\@jyear}% + +%\def\copytext#1#2{\gdef\@copyrightyear{#2}\def\@copyrighttext{\begin{minipage}[t]{\textwidth}\footerfont\textcopyright\ #1\ \@copyrightyear\end{minipage}}} + +%\copytext{Springer Science+Business Media B.V.}{\@jyear}% + +%\def\@opjournalheader{\undef\leftmark\space\ {{(\@jyear),\ \textbf{\@jvol}:\@artid}} {\thepage{--}\pageref*{LastPage}}\\ +%{\@DOI}}% + +%% Opening Page Style +\def\ps@titlepage{% + %%\def\@oddhead{\vbox{\vskip-36pt\hbox to \textwidth{\hfill\includegraphics{springer-nature-logo}\hspace*{-1pt}}}}% + %%\let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty% + \def\@oddhead{% + \vbox to 0pt{\vspace*{-38pt}% + \hbox to \hsize{\hfill \hfill}}}%% + \let\@evenhead\@oddhead% + \def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 18pt{\vfill\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil\thepage\hfil}}%% + \def\@evenfoot{}}% + +\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo% +\let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty% +\def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 18pt{\vfill\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil ddd\thepage\hfil}}% +\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}% + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Sections %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% + +\def\numbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}}% +\def\unnumbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}}% +\numbered%% default is numbered Sections + +\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}% +\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}% +\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}% +\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}% +\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}% +%% +\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip.5em}% + +\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{% + \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth + \let\@svsec\@empty + \else + \refstepcounter{#1}% + \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}% + \fi + \@tempskipa #5\relax + \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ + \begingroup + #6{% + \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}% + \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}% + \endgroup + \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% + \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{% + \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else + \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}% + \fi + #7}% + \else + \def\@svsechd{% + #6{\hskip #3\relax + \@svsec #8.}% + \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% + \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{% + \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else + \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}% + \fi + #7}}% + \fi + \@xsect{#5}} +% +\def\sectionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{14bp}{16bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% +\def\subsectionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{12bp}{14bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% +\def\subsubsectionfont{\reset@font\fontsize{11bp}{13bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% +\def\paragraphfont{\reset@font\fontsize{10bp}{12bp}\bfseries\itshape\selectfont\raggedright}% +% +\def\subparagraphfont{\itshape}% +\def\bmheadfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{10bp}{12bp}\bfseries\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}% +% +\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}% + {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% + {9pt}% + {\sectionfont}} +\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}% + {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% + {6pt}% + {\subsectionfont}} +\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}% + {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus -2pt}% + {6pt}% + {\subsubsectionfont}} +\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}% + {-12pt \@plus -4pt \@minus-2pt}% + {3pt}% + {\paragraphfont}} +\renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}% + {6pt \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}% + {-1em}% + {\subparagraphfont}} +\newcommand\bmhead{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}% + {6pt \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}% + {-1em}% + {\bmheadfont}} +% +\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{% + \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi + \par + \@tempskipa #4\relax + \@afterindenttrue + \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@ + \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse + \fi + \if@nobreak + \everypar{}% + \else + \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa + \fi + \@ifstar + {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}% + {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}} +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Lists %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +\newdimen\labelwidthi% +\newdimen\labelwidthii% +\newdimen\labelwidthiii% +\newdimen\labelwidthiv% + +\def\normal@labelsep{0.5em}% +\labelsep\normal@labelsep% +\settowidth{\labelwidthi}{(iii)}% +\settowidth{\labelwidthii}{(d)}% +\settowidth{\labelwidthiii}{(iii)}% +\settowidth{\labelwidthiv}{(M)}% + +\leftmargini\labelwidthi \advance\leftmargini\labelsep +\leftmarginii\labelwidthii \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep +\leftmarginiii\labelwidthiii \advance\leftmarginiii\labelsep +\leftmarginiv\labelwidthiv \advance\leftmarginiv\labelsep + +\def\setleftmargin#1#2{\settowidth{\@tempdima}{#2}\labelsep\normal@labelsep + \csname labelwidth#1\endcsname\@tempdima + \@tempdimb\@tempdima \advance\@tempdimb\labelsep + \csname leftmargin#1\endcsname\@tempdimb} +\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \labelwidth\labelwidthi \labelsep\normal@labelsep + \topsep \z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ + \listparindent 1em} +\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii + \labelwidth\labelwidthii \labelsep\normal@labelsep + \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ + \listparindent 1em} +\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii + \labelwidth\labelwidthiii \labelsep\normal@labelsep + \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ + \listparindent 1em} +\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv + \labelwidth\labelwidthiv \labelsep\normal@labelsep + \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@ + \listparindent 1em} +\let\@listi\@listI +\@listi +% +\setlength \labelsep {.5em} +\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini} +\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep} +\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty +\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty +\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty +\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$} \def\labelitemii{$\cdot$} +\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.} \def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}} +\def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})} \def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}} +\def\labelenumiii{(\roman{enumiii})}\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}} +\def\labelenumiv{(\Alph{enumiv})} \def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}} + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ordered & Unordered List %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +\def\listfont{\normalsize}% +% +\def\enumargs{% + \listfont% + \leftmargini0pt% + \leftmarginii0pt% + \leftmarginiii0pt% + \ifnum\@enumdepth=3\topsep0pt\else\ifnum\@enumdepth=2\topsep0pt\else\topsep 6pt\fi\fi% + \partopsep \z@% + \itemsep \z@% + \parsep \z@% + \labelsep 0.5em% + \rightmargin \z@% + \raggedright% + \listparindent \parindent% + \itemindent \z@}% + +\def\enumerate{% + \@ifnextchar[{\@numerate}{\@numerate[0.]}} + +\def\@numerate[#1]{\par% + \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else + \advance\@enumdepth \@ne + \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth} + \list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{% + \enumargs% + \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname} + \usecounter{\@enumctr} + \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} + \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth} + \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} + \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}% + \fi + } +\let\endenumerate\endlist + +%%Unnumbered list%% + +\def\unenumargs{% + \listfont% + \leftmargini\parindent% + \topsep6pt% + \partopsep \z@% + \itemsep \z@% + \parsep \z@% + \labelsep 0\p@% + \rightmargin \z@% + \raggedright% + \listparindent \parindent% + \itemindent -12pt}% + +\def\unenumerate{% + \@ifnextchar[{\@unenumerate}{\@unenumerate[0.]}} + +\def\@unenumerate[#1]{\par% + \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else + \advance\@enumdepth \@ne + \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth} + \list{}{% + \unenumargs + \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname} + \usecounter{\@enumctr} + \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} + \addtolength{\leftmargin}{0pt} + \addtolength{\leftmargin}{0pt} + \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}% + \fi + } + +\let\endunenumerate\endlist% + +%% bulleted list + +\def\itemargs{% + \listfont% + \leftmargini0pt% + \leftmarginii0pt% + \ifnum\@enumdepth=3\topsep0pt\else\ifnum\@enumdepth=2\topsep0pt\else\topsep 6pt\fi\fi% + \partopsep \z@% + \itemsep \z@% + \parsep \z@% + \labelsep 0.5em% + \rightmargin \z@% + \raggedright% + \listparindent \z@% + \itemindent \z@}% + +\renewcommand\labelitemi{\raise1pt\hbox{\textbullet}}% +\renewcommand\labelitemii{\textendash}% + +\def\itemize{% + \@ifnextchar[{\@itemize}{\@itemize[$\bullet$]}} + +\def\@itemize[#1]{\par% + \ifnum \@itemdepth >3 \@toodeep\else + \advance\@itemdepth \@ne + \edef\@itemctr{item\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth} + \list{\csname label\@itemctr\endcsname}{% + \itemargs + \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth\endcsname} + \settowidth\labelwidth{#1} + \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth} + \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} + \def\makelabel##1{\hss \llap{##1}}}% + \fi + } +\let\enditemize\endlist +% +\def\quote{\list{}{\itemindent\z@ + \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@}% +\item[]} +\let\endquote\endlist +% +\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \itshape #1} +\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ + \leftmargin \z@ \topsep6pt\itemindent \z@ %-\leftmargin + \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}} +\let\enddescription\endlist + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Float %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\setlength\abovecaptionskip{2.25\p@}% +\setlength\belowcaptionskip{6\p@}% + +\setlength\arraycolsep{2\p@}% +\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}% +\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}% +\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}% +\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}% + +\def\fnum@figure{{\bfseries\figurename\space\thefigure}}% +\def\fnum@table{{\bfseries\tablename\space\thetable}}% + +\def\FigName{figure}% + +\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{% + \ifx\FigName\@captype + \vskip\abovecaptionskip + \@figurecaption{#1}{#2} + \else + \@tablecaption{#1}{#2} + \vskip\belowcaptionskip + \fi% +} + +%% Figure + +\def\figurecaptionfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8}{9.5}\selectfont}% + +\newdimen\figwidth% +\newdimen\figheight% +\newdimen\sidecapwidth +\newdimen\wrapcapline% +\newdimen\totalwrapline% +\newdimen\wraptotline% + +%% Figures macro +\newbox\figurebox% +\newbox\wrapfigcapbox + +\def\FIG#1#2{% +\setbox\figurebox\hbox{#1}% +%% Figure dimensions +\figwidth\wd\figurebox% +\figheight\ht\figurebox% +{\parbox{\hsize}{% +\centerline{\box\figurebox}% +%% Caption +#2}}} + +%% Figures caption +\newbox\figcapbox +\newbox\capbox +\long\def\@figurecaption#1#2{{\figurecaptionfont{\bfseries#1}\hskip.7em#2\par}}% + +\newenvironment{unnumfigure}{\begingroup\setlength{\topsep}{12pt}% +\begin{center}}{\end{center}\endgroup} + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +\@ifpackageloaded{booktabs}{\cmidrulewidth=.15pt}{}% +% +\def\tablecaptionfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% +\def\tablebodyfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% +\def\tablecolheadfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont\bfseries\boldmath}% +\def\tablefootnotefont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% + +%% Table Macro + +\newskip\headwidthskip% + +\def\tabraggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\parfillskip=0pt}% + +\newenvironment{@processtable}[4]{% +\setbox4=\hbox to \hsize{\hss% +\begin{minipage}[t]{#4}% +\tabraggedcenter% +\caption{#1}\par% +{\tablebodyfont\noindent\ignorespaces#2\par}\par\vglue6pt% +{\if!#3!\else{\tablefootnotefont#3}\fi}% +\end{minipage}% +\hss}% +\box4\par}% + +\newcommand\TBL[3]{\begingroup% +% +\if!#1!\let\caption\relax\fi% +% + \global\setbox\temptbox=\hbox{\bgroup{\tablebodyfont#2}\egroup}% + \global\tempdime\wd\temptbox% + \@processtable{#1}{\global\headwidthskip=\tempdime% + \vbox{#2}}{#3}{\tempdime}% +\endgroup}% + +%% Table Caption +\newbox\tabcapbox% +\newbox\temptbox% +\newdimen\tempdime% +\newdimen\tabhtdime% + +\long\def\@tablecaption#1#2{% + \setbox\tabcapbox\vbox{\tablecaptionfont\raggedright% + {\bfseries #1}{\hskip2mm}#2\vphantom{y}\par}% + \box\tabcapbox% +} + +%% Table Column Heads +\def\TCH#1{{\tablecolheadfont #1}} + +%% Table Footnotes + +\newenvironment{tablenotes}{\list{}{\setlength{\labelsep}{0pt}% +\setlength{\labelwidth}{0pt}% +\setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}% +\setlength{\rightmargin}{0pt}% +\setlength{\topsep}{-6pt}% +\setlength{\itemsep}{2pt}% +\setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}% +\setlength{\listparindent}{0em}% +\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}}% +\item\relax% +}{\endlist}% + +\def\tnote#1{$^{#1}$}%% + +%% Table Rules + +\def\toprule{%\noalign{\vskip3pt} +\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi + \hrule \@height 0\p@ \@width 0pt + \hrule \@height 0.75\p@ % <- rule height + \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt + \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline} +% Middle rule +\def\midrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi% + \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt + \hrule \@height .5pt % <- rule height + \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt + \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline} +% Bottom rule +\def\botrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi + \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt + \hrule \@height 0.75\p@ % <- rule height + \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt + \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline} +% +\def\@@@cmidrule[#1-#2]#3#4{\global\@cmidla#1\relax + \global\advance\@cmidla\m@ne + \ifnum\@cmidla>0\global\let\@gtempa\@cmidrulea\else + \global\let\@gtempa\@cmidruleb\fi + \global\@cmidlb#2\relax + \global\advance\@cmidlb-\@cmidla + \global\@thisrulewidth=#3 + \@setrulekerning{#4} + \ifnum\@lastruleclass=\z@\vskip 3\p@\fi + \ifnum0=`{\fi}\@gtempa + \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\futurenonspacelet\@tempa\@xcmidrule} +\def\@xcmidrule{% + \ifx\@tempa\cmidrule + \vskip-\@thisrulewidth + \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne + \else \ifx\@tempa\morecmidrules + \vskip \cmidrulesep + \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne\else + \vskip 5\p@ + \global\@lastruleclass=\z@ + \fi\fi + \ifnum0=`{\fi}} +\let\cline\cmidrule + +\usepackage[figuresright]{rotating}% +\usepackage{threeparttable} + +\let\tableorg\table% +\let\endtableorg\endtable% + +\let\sidewaystableorg\sidewaystable% +\let\endsidewaystableorg\endsidewaystable% + +\renewenvironment{table}[1][]% +{\begin{tableorg}[#1]% +\begin{center} +\begin{threeparttable} +\tablebodyfont% +\renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\removelastskip\vskip3pt% +\let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% +\hskip0pt\if!##1!\else{\smash{$^{##1}$}}\fi##2\par}}% +}{\end{threeparttable}\end{center}\end{tableorg}} + +\renewenvironment{sidewaystable}[1][]% +{\begin{sidewaystableorg}[#1]% +\begin{center} +\begin{threeparttable} +\tablebodyfont% +\renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\removelastskip\vskip3pt% +\let\tablebodyfont\tablefootnotefont% +\hskip0pt\if!##1!\else{\smash{$^{##1}$}}\fi##2\par}}% +}{\end{threeparttable}\end{center}\end{sidewaystableorg}} + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Other Env. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\def\quotefont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9}{11}\selectfont}% + +\renewenvironment{quote} + {\list{}{\topsep=0pt\topsep6pt\leftmargin=1em\raggedright\quotefont}% + \item\relax} + {\endlist} + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Appendix %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% + +\newif\ifbackmatter% +\newcommand{\backmatter}{\global\backmattertrue}% + +\usepackage[title]{appendix}% + +\@ifpackageloaded{appendix}{% +% +\renewenvironment{appendices}{% + \@resets@pp + \if@dotoc@pp + \if@dopage@pp % both page and toc + \if@chapter@pp % chapters + \clear@ppage + \fi + \appendixpage + \else % toc only + \if@chapter@pp % chapters + \clear@ppage + \fi + \addappheadtotoc + \fi + \else + \if@dopage@pp % page only + \appendixpage + \fi + \fi + \if@chapter@pp + \if@dotitletoc@pp \@redotocentry@pp{chapter} \fi + \else + \if@dotitletoc@pp \@redotocentry@pp{section} \fi + \if@dohead@pp + \def\sectionmark##1{% + \if@twoside + \markboth{\@formatsecmark@pp{##1}}{} + \else + \markright{\@formatsecmark@pp{##1}}{} + \fi} + \fi + \if@dotitle@pp + \def\sectionname{\appendixname} + \def\@seccntformat##1{\@ifundefined{##1name}{}{\csname ##1name\endcsname\ }% + \csname the##1\endcsname\quad} + \fi + \fi +}{% + \@ppsaveapp\@pprestoresec} +%% +\AtBeginDocument{% +% +\let\oldappendices\appendices% +\let\oldendappendices\endappendices% +%% +\renewenvironment{appendices}{% +\setcounter{figure}{0}% +\setcounter{table}{0}% +\setcounter{equation}{0}% +%% +\begin{oldappendices}% + \gdef\thefigure{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{figure}}% + \gdef\thetable{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{table}}% + \gdef\theequation{\@Alph\c@section\arabic{equation}}% +}{\end{oldappendices}} +} +%% +}{} + + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article History %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +\def\@history{} +\def\printhistory{{\par\addvspace{8pt}% +\historyfont\noindent% +\ifx\@history\empty\gdef\@history{Received xx xxx xxxx}\fi\@history\par}}% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Footnotes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +% +\renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{% + \hskip8pt{\smash{\@makefnmark}}#1} +% +\RequirePackage{hyperref}% +%%\RequirePackage{hypcap}% +\gdef\breakurldefns{% +\if@pdflatex\else% + \RequirePackage[hyphenbreaks]{breakurl}% +% \let\href\burlalt% +\fi}% +\breakurldefns% +% \bgroup +% \catcode`\&=12\relax +% \hyper@normalise\burl@addtocharlistbefore{%} +% \hyper@normalise\burl@addtocharlistafter{:/.?#&_,;!=+~}%% for extra breaks in url +% \egroup +% \burl@defifstructure +% +\hypersetup{% + colorlinks, + breaklinks=true, + plainpages=false,% + citecolor=blue, + linkcolor=blue, + urlcolor=blue, + bookmarksopen=true,% + bookmarksnumbered=false,% + bookmarksdepth=5% +} +% +\AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand\UrlFont{\rmfamily}}% +% +\AtBeginDocument{% +\@ifpackageloaded{natbib}{% + \renewcommand\bibsection{% + \section*{\refname}% + }% +}{}% +}% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +\pagestyle{headings}% +\pagenumbering{arabic}% +\sloppy% +\frenchspacing% +\flushbottom% + +%%% special parameters for TeX +\adjdemerits=100 +\linepenalty=100 +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Biography +% +\RequirePackage{wrapfig}% +% +% +% \begin{wrapfigure}[12]{r}[34pt]{5cm}
\end{wrapfigure} +% -- - ---- --- +% [number of narrow lines] {placement} [overhang] {width of figure} +\newcount\wraplines% +%%\wraplines=5% +% +\newbox\@authorfigbox% +\newskip\@authorfigboxdim% +% +\newskip\biofigadjskip% +\biofigadjskip=0pt% +% +\def\authbiotextfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{9.5bp}\selectfont}% +% +\newenvironment{biography}[2]{\par\addvspace{11.5pt plus3.375pt minus1.6875pt}%\lineno@off% +\def\author##1{{\bfseries##1}}% +\if!#1!\def\@authorfig{}\else\def\@authorfig{{#1}}\fi% +\setbox\@authorfigbox=\hbox{#1}% +\@authorfigboxdim=\wd\@authorfigbox% +\if@iicol\advance\@authorfigboxdim by -10pt\else\advance\@authorfigboxdim by -2pt\fi% +\wraplines=9\fboxrule=1pt\fboxsep=6pt% +\noindent{% +\ifx\@authorfig\@empty\else\unskip% +\begin{wrapfigure}[\wraplines]{l}[0pt]{\@authorfigboxdim}%{38.25mm}% +\vskip-19pt\addvspace{\biofigadjskip}% +\@authorfig% +\end{wrapfigure}% +\fi% +{\authbiotextfont#2\par}% +\par% +}}{\par\addvspace{10.5pt plus3.375pt minus1.6875pt}} +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Theorem %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +% +\@ifpackageloaded{amsthm}{% +% +%\let\proof\relax% +%\let\endproof\relax% + +\def\@begintheorem#1#2[#3]{% + \deferred@thm@head{\the\thm@headfont \thm@indent + \@ifempty{#1}{\let\thmname\@gobble}{\let\thmname\@iden}% + \@ifempty{#2}{\let\thmnumber\@gobble}{\let\thmnumber\@iden}% + \@ifempty{#3}{\let\thmnote\@gobble}{\let\thmnote\@iden}% + \thm@swap\swappedhead\thmhead{#1}{#2}{#3}% + \the\thm@headpunct + \thmheadnl % possibly a newline. + \hskip\thm@headsep + }% + \ignorespaces +} + +\def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist\@endpefalse} + + +\AtBeginDocument{% +% +\DeclareRobustCommand{\S}{\ifmmode\mathsection\else\textsection\fi} + +\DeclareSymbolFont{AMSa}{U}{msa}{m}{n}% +\DeclareMathSymbol{\opensquare}{\mathord}{AMSa}{"03}% +\def\qedsymbol{\ensuremath{\opensquare}}% +% +\newenvironment{spiproof}[1][\proofname]{\par\removelastskip%\vspace*{2pt}% + \pushQED{\qed}% + \small\normalfont \topsep7.5\p@\@plus7.5\p@\relax% + \trivlist% + \item[\hskip\labelsep% + \itshape% + #1\@addpunct{}]\ignorespaces% +}{% + \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse% +}% +% +\let\proof\spiproof\let\endproof\endspiproof% +% +}% +% +\def\thm@space@setup{% +\thm@preskip=12pt% +\thm@postskip=12pt} +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% StyleOne +% +\newtheoremstyle{thmstyleone}% Numbered +{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space above +{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space below +{\small\itshape}% Body font +{0pt}% Indent amount +{\small\bfseries}% Theorem head font +{}% Punctuation after theorem head +{.5em}% Space after theorem headi +{\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }\@upn{#2}}% + \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}% Theorem head spec (can be left empty, meaning `normal') +% +\newtheoremstyle{thmstyletwo}% Numbered +{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space above +{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space below +{\small\normalfont}% Body font +{0pt}% Indent amount +{\small\itshape}% Theorem head font +{}% Punctuation after theorem head +{.5em}% Space after theorem headi +{\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }{#2}}% + \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}% Theorem head spec (can be left empty, meaning `normal') +% +\newtheoremstyle{thmstylethree}% Definition +{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space above +{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space below +{\small\normalfont}% Body font +{0pt}% Indent amount +{\small\bfseries}% Theorem head font +{}% Punctuation after theorem head +{.5em}% Space after theorem headi +{\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }\@upn{#2}}% + \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}% Theorem head spec (can be left empty, meaning `normal') +% +\newtheoremstyle{thmstylefour}% Proof +{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space above +{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}% Space below +{\small\normalfont}% Body font +{0pt}% Indent amount +{\small\itshape}% Theorem head font +{}% Punctuation after theorem head +{.5em}% Space after theorem headi +{\global\proofthmtrue\thmname{#1} \thmnote{#3}}% Theorem head spec (can be left empty, meaning `normal') +% +}{} + +%% Macros for bibliographystyles %% + +% \def\bibcommenthead{\if@bibcomment\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt% +% \removelastskip\vskip13pt\nointerlineskip% +% +% \vbox{\bibfont If you are submitting to one of the Nature Research journals, using the eJP +% submission system, please include the references within the manuscript file itself. You may +% do this by copying the reference list from your .bbl file, and pasting it into the bibliography +% environment of the main manuscript .tex file.}\par% +% \removelastskip\nobreak\vskip13pt\nobreak% +% \endgroup\fi}% + +\def\bibcommenthead{}% + +\if@Spr@basic@refstyle% +\if@Numbered@refstyle% + \usepackage[numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{YES}% +\else% + \usepackage[authoryear]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{NO}% +\fi% + \bibliographystyle{sn-basic}% + \setlength{\bibsep}{1em}% + \def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\normalsize\selectfont}% +\fi% +\if@Mathphys@refstyle% +\if@Numbered@refstyle% + \usepackage[numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{YES}% +\else% + \usepackage[authoryear]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{NO}% +\fi% + \bibliographystyle{sn-mathphys}% + \setlength{\bibsep}{1em}% + \def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\normalsize\selectfont}% +\fi% +\if@APS@refstyle% + \usepackage[numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{YES}% + \bibliographystyle{sn-APS}% + \setlength{\bibsep}{1em}% + \def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\normalsize\selectfont}% +\fi% +\if@Vancouver@refstyle% +\if@Numbered@refstyle% + \usepackage[numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{YES}% +\else% + \usepackage[authoryear]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{NO}% +\fi% + \bibliographystyle{sn-vancouver}% + \setlength{\bibsep}{1em}% + \def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\normalsize\selectfont}% +\fi% +\if@APA@refstyle% +\if@Numbered@refstyle% + \usepackage[natbibapa]{apacite}% + \gdef\NumBib{YES}% +\else% + \usepackage[natbibapa]{apacite}% + \gdef\NumBib{NO}% +\fi% + \bibliographystyle{sn-apacite}% + \def\refdoi#1{\urlstyle{rm}\url{#1}}% + \renewcommand{\doiprefix}{}% + \AtBeginDocument{% + \renewcommand{\BPBI}{.}% Period between initials - command from apacite.sty + }% + \setlength{\bibsep}{1em}% + \def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\normalsize\selectfont}% +\fi% +\if@Chicago@refstyle% +\if@Numbered@refstyle% + \usepackage[numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{YES}% +\else% + \usepackage[authoryear]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{NO}% +\fi% + \bibliographystyle{sn-chicago}% + \hypersetup{urlcolor=black,colorlinks=false,pdfborder={0 0 0}}\urlstyle{same}% + \setlength{\bibsep}{1em}% + \def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\normalsize\selectfont}% +\fi% +\if@Standard@Nature@refstyle% + \usepackage[numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{YES}% + \bibliographystyle{sn-nature}% + \setlength{\bibsep}{1em}% + \def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\normalsize\selectfont}% +\fi% +\if@Default@refstyle% + \usepackage[numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}% + \gdef\NumBib{YES}% + \setlength{\bibsep}{1em}% + \def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\normalsize\selectfont}% +\fi% + +\AtBeginDocument{\allowdisplaybreaks}% + +\def\eqnheadfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{16}{18}\bfseries\selectfont}% + +\newcommand{\eqnhead}[1]{\begingroup% +\begin{center} +{\eqnheadfont #1}\par% +\end{center} +\removelastskip\vskip24pt% +\thispagestyle{titlepage}%% +%%\thispagestyle{empty}% +\endgroup} + +%% Macros for border matrix %% + +\newif\if@borderstar + +\def\bordermatrix{\@ifnextchar*{% +\@borderstartrue\@bordermatrix@i}{\@borderstarfalse\@bordermatrix@i*}% +} +\def\@bordermatrix@i*{\@ifnextchar[{\@bordermatrix@ii}{\@bordermatrix@ii[()]}} +\def\@bordermatrix@ii[#1]#2{% +\begingroup +\m@th\@tempdima8.75\p@\setbox\z@\vbox{% +\def\cr{\crcr\noalign{\kern 2\p@\global\let\cr\endline }}% +\ialign {$##$\hfil\kern 2\p@\kern\@tempdima & \thinspace % +\hfil $##$\hfil && \quad\hfil $##$\hfil\crcr\omit\strut % +\hfil\crcr\noalign{\kern -\baselineskip}#2\crcr\omit % +\strut\cr}}% +\setbox\tw@\vbox{\unvcopy\z@\global\setbox\@ne\lastbox}% +\setbox\tw@\hbox{\unhbox\@ne\unskip\global\setbox\@ne\lastbox}% +\setbox\tw@\hbox{% +$\kern\wd\@ne\kern -\@tempdima\left\@firstoftwo#1% +\if@borderstar\kern2pt\else\kern -\wd\@ne\fi% +\global\setbox\@ne\vbox{\box\@ne\if@borderstar\else\kern 2\p@\fi}% +\vcenter{\if@borderstar\else\kern -\ht\@ne\fi% +\unvbox\z@\kern-\if@borderstar2\fi\baselineskip}% +\if@borderstar\kern-2\@tempdima\kern2\p@\else\,\fi\right\@secondoftwo#1 $% +}\null \;\vbox{\kern\ht\@ne\box\tw@}% +\endgroup +} + +%% Macros for line numbers %% + +\if@vrulerlinenumberon% +% +\usepackage{vruler}% +% +%%\setvruler[][][][][][][][][] +\def\linenoon{%%\definecolor{blue}{gray}{0}% +\def\tiny{\normalsize\color{black}}% +\setvruler[12bp][1][1][3][1][1.18\textwidth][26pt][-7pt][0.99\textheight]% for even pages: left side; for odd pages: right side; +%%\linkbluecolor +}% +\linenoon% +\def\lineno@off{\unsetvruler}% +\fi% +%% url macros %% + +\gdef\orcidlogo{% +\includegraphics{Orcidlogo.eps}% +}% + +\gdef\orcid#1{\href{#1}{\orcidlogo}}% + + +\endinput + From 7f369291c3cf6719d907249bb49d7e2859b03aac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Jason K. Moore" Date: Sun, 5 Nov 2023 15:12:32 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 4/4] sn-jnl.cls was missing the manyfoot package! --- paper/sn-jnl.cls | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/paper/sn-jnl.cls b/paper/sn-jnl.cls index 361fb65..9d91310 100644 --- a/paper/sn-jnl.cls +++ b/paper/sn-jnl.cls @@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ %% General Packages Used % +\usepackage{manyfoot} \AtBeginDocument{% %%\newcommand*\ExtraParaSkip{12pt}% \SetFootnoteHook{\hspace*{-8pt}}%