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AMI Factory

A pipeline that creates hardened AWS AMIs based on compliance rules and remediation scripts written with SCAP.
This project provides a pipeline that automatically:

  • Compiles a set of compliance rules and remediation scripts using SCAP.
  • Generates a human-readable hardening guide and uploads it to a S3 bucket.
  • Starts an user-defined AMI, executes the compliance checks, and remediates the AMI.
  • Generates an human-readable report of the compliance checks and the remediations and uploads them to a S3 bucket.
  • Create a new hardened AMI.

The pipeline is automatically deployed using CloudFormation.
It uses the following AWS services:

  • CloudFormation to deploys all the resources.
  • CodeBuild to builds the set of compliance rules, remediation scripts, and build the hardened AMI using Packer.
  • CodePipeline which provides the automation pipeline.
  • EC2 to build the AMI (run by Packer).

The SCAP content is hosted in another GitHub repository called ami-factory-scap.

Deployment on AWS

Before deploying the stack, first create a S3 bucket that will store SCAP content and CloudFormation packaged templates. Package the project:

aws cloudformation package --template-file template.yaml --s3-bucket capgemini-pnc.ami-factory --output-template-file packaged-template.yaml

Then, deploy the stack:

aws cloudformation deploy --template-file packaged-template.yaml --stack-name <stack-name> --parameter-overrides GitHubRepository=capgemini-pnc/ami-factory ScapGitHubRepository=capgemini-pnc/ami-factory-scap BucketName=capgemini-pnc.ami-factory AmiId=ami-032e5b6af8a711f30 --capabilities CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM

Stack parameters

  • GitHubRepository - The full name (includinf the organisation name) of the GitHub repository that contains the project.
  • BucketName - The bucket name in which the reports will be uploaded.
  • AmiId - The ID of the AMI that will be used as base (must be a RHEL-based AMI).

Compliance rules and remediation

Compliance rules are written using SCAP (Security Content Automation Protocol):
https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/security-content-automation-protocol

Remediation scripts are written in Bash and are embedded into SCAP files.

Compliance rules and remediation are sourced from the SCAP Security Guide:
(https://www.open-scap.org/security-policies/scap-security-guide/). It provides a set of compliance rules for a variety of systems and a build pipeline.

AWS Services

CodeBuild

CodeBuild is responsible of building the SCAP content and the hardening AMI in a Docker container. CodeBuild does the following steps:

  • Retreives the SCAP content from the CodeCommit repository.
  • Uploads the built packaged and the human-readable hardening guides to a S3 bucket.
  • Launch Packer that builds the hardening AMI by using the previous built SCAP package.

CodePipeline

Defines the automation pipeline that is responsible of retreiving the source code from GitHub, start CodeBuild and upload artifacts.

Limitations and improvements

  • Only support for RHEL8.
  • Based on a very old version of the SCAP Security Guide.