diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexShard.java b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexShard.java
index 8e788a81e9e6f..d4ee6eeaf05fb 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexShard.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexShard.java
@@ -345,8 +345,9 @@ public IndexShard(
         this.mapperService = mapperService;
         this.indexCache = indexCache;
         this.internalIndexingStats = new InternalIndexingStats();
+        var indexingFailuresDebugListener = new IndexingFailuresDebugListener(this);
         this.indexingOperationListeners = new IndexingOperationListener.CompositeListener(
-            CollectionUtils.appendToCopyNoNullElements(listeners, internalIndexingStats),
+            CollectionUtils.appendToCopyNoNullElements(listeners, internalIndexingStats, indexingFailuresDebugListener),
             logger
         );
         this.bulkOperationListener = new ShardBulkStats();
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexingFailuresDebugListener.java b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexingFailuresDebugListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..13c0d917d492d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexingFailuresDebugListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the "Elastic License
+ * 2.0", the "GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 only", and the "Server Side
+ * Public License v 1"; you may not use this file except in compliance with, at
+ * your election, the "Elastic License 2.0", the "GNU Affero General Public
+ * License v3.0 only", or the "Server Side Public License, v 1".
+ */
+
+package org.elasticsearch.index.shard;
+
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.elasticsearch.index.engine.Engine;
+
+import static org.elasticsearch.core.Strings.format;
+
+public class IndexingFailuresDebugListener implements IndexingOperationListener {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger(IndexingFailuresDebugListener.class);
+
+    private final IndexShard indexShard;
+
+    public IndexingFailuresDebugListener(IndexShard indexShard) {
+        this.indexShard = indexShard;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void postIndex(ShardId shardId, Engine.Index index, Engine.IndexResult result) {
+        if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
+            if (result.getResultType() == Engine.Result.Type.FAILURE) {
+                postIndex(shardId, index, result.getFailure());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void postIndex(ShardId shardId, Engine.Index index, Exception ex) {
+        if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
+            LOGGER.debug(
+                () -> format(
+                    "index-fail [%s] seq# [%s] allocation-id [%s] primaryTerm [%s] operationPrimaryTerm [%s] origin [%s]",
+                    index.id(),
+                    index.seqNo(),
+                    indexShard.routingEntry().allocationId(),
+                    index.primaryTerm(),
+                    indexShard.getOperationPrimaryTerm(),
+                    index.origin()
+                ),
+                ex
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexingFailuresDebugListenerTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexingFailuresDebugListenerTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..43434a691bd90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/index/shard/IndexingFailuresDebugListenerTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the "Elastic License
+ * 2.0", the "GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 only", and the "Server Side
+ * Public License v 1"; you may not use this file except in compliance with, at
+ * your election, the "Elastic License 2.0", the "GNU Affero General Public
+ * License v3.0 only", or the "Server Side Public License, v 1".
+ */
+
+package org.elasticsearch.index.shard;
+
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Level;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRoutingState;
+import org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.TestShardRouting;
+import org.elasticsearch.common.logging.Loggers;
+import org.elasticsearch.common.logging.MockAppender;
+import org.elasticsearch.index.engine.Engine;
+import org.elasticsearch.index.engine.EngineTestCase;
+import org.elasticsearch.index.mapper.ParsedDocument;
+import org.elasticsearch.index.mapper.Uid;
+import org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase;
+import org.junit.AfterClass;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.nullValue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+public class IndexingFailuresDebugListenerTests extends ESTestCase {
+
+    static MockAppender appender;
+    static Logger testLogger1 = LogManager.getLogger(IndexingFailuresDebugListener.class);
+    static Level origLogLevel = testLogger1.getLevel();
+
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static void init() throws IllegalAccessException {
+        appender = new MockAppender("mock_appender");
+        appender.start();
+        Loggers.addAppender(testLogger1, appender);
+        Loggers.setLevel(testLogger1, randomBoolean() ? Level.DEBUG : Level.TRACE);
+    }
+
+    @AfterClass
+    public static void cleanup() {
+        Loggers.removeAppender(testLogger1, appender);
+        appender.stop();
+
+        Loggers.setLevel(testLogger1, origLogLevel);
+    }
+
+    public void testPostIndexException() {
+        var shardId = ShardId.fromString("[index][123]");
+        var mockShard = mock(IndexShard.class);
+        var shardRouting = TestShardRouting.newShardRouting(shardId, "node-id", true, ShardRoutingState.STARTED);
+        when(mockShard.routingEntry()).thenReturn(shardRouting);
+        when(mockShard.getOperationPrimaryTerm()).thenReturn(1L);
+        IndexingFailuresDebugListener indexingFailuresDebugListener = new IndexingFailuresDebugListener(mockShard);
+
+        ParsedDocument doc = EngineTestCase.createParsedDoc("1", null);
+        Engine.Index index = new Engine.Index(Uid.encodeId("doc_id"), 1, doc);
+        indexingFailuresDebugListener.postIndex(shardId, index, new RuntimeException("test exception"));
+        String message = appender.getLastEventAndReset().getMessage().getFormattedMessage();
+        assertThat(
+            message,
+            equalTo(
+                "index-fail [1] seq# [-2] allocation-id ["
+                    + shardRouting.allocationId()
+                    + "] primaryTerm [1] operationPrimaryTerm [1] origin [PRIMARY]"
+            )
+        );
+    }
+
+    public void testPostIndexExceptionInfoLevel() {
+        var previousLevel = testLogger1.getLevel();
+        try {
+            Loggers.setLevel(testLogger1, randomBoolean() ? Level.INFO : Level.WARN);
+            var shardId = ShardId.fromString("[index][123]");
+            var mockShard = mock(IndexShard.class);
+            var shardRouting = TestShardRouting.newShardRouting(shardId, "node-id", true, ShardRoutingState.STARTED);
+            when(mockShard.routingEntry()).thenReturn(shardRouting);
+            when(mockShard.getOperationPrimaryTerm()).thenReturn(1L);
+            IndexingFailuresDebugListener indexingFailuresDebugListener = new IndexingFailuresDebugListener(mockShard);
+
+            ParsedDocument doc = EngineTestCase.createParsedDoc("1", null);
+            Engine.Index index = new Engine.Index(Uid.encodeId("doc_id"), 1, doc);
+            indexingFailuresDebugListener.postIndex(shardId, index, new RuntimeException("test exception"));
+            assertThat(appender.getLastEventAndReset(), nullValue());
+        } finally {
+            Loggers.setLevel(testLogger1, previousLevel);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testPostIndexFailure() {
+        var shardId = ShardId.fromString("[index][123]");
+        var mockShard = mock(IndexShard.class);
+        var shardRouting = TestShardRouting.newShardRouting(shardId, "node-id", true, ShardRoutingState.STARTED);
+        when(mockShard.routingEntry()).thenReturn(shardRouting);
+        when(mockShard.getOperationPrimaryTerm()).thenReturn(1L);
+        IndexingFailuresDebugListener indexingFailuresDebugListener = new IndexingFailuresDebugListener(mockShard);
+
+        ParsedDocument doc = EngineTestCase.createParsedDoc("1", null);
+        Engine.Index index = new Engine.Index(Uid.encodeId("doc_id"), 1, doc);
+        Engine.IndexResult indexResult = mock(Engine.IndexResult.class);
+        when(indexResult.getResultType()).thenReturn(Engine.Result.Type.FAILURE);
+        when(indexResult.getFailure()).thenReturn(new RuntimeException("test exception"));
+        indexingFailuresDebugListener.postIndex(shardId, index, indexResult);
+        String message = appender.getLastEventAndReset().getMessage().getFormattedMessage();
+        assertThat(
+            message,
+            equalTo(
+                "index-fail [1] seq# [-2] allocation-id ["
+                    + shardRouting.allocationId()
+                    + "] primaryTerm [1] operationPrimaryTerm [1] origin [PRIMARY]"
+            )
+        );
+    }
+
+    public void testPostIndex() {
+        var shardId = ShardId.fromString("[index][123]");
+        var mockShard = mock(IndexShard.class);
+        var shardRouting = TestShardRouting.newShardRouting(shardId, "node-id", true, ShardRoutingState.STARTED);
+        when(mockShard.routingEntry()).thenReturn(shardRouting);
+        when(mockShard.getOperationPrimaryTerm()).thenReturn(1L);
+        IndexingFailuresDebugListener indexingFailuresDebugListener = new IndexingFailuresDebugListener(mockShard);
+
+        ParsedDocument doc = EngineTestCase.createParsedDoc("1", null);
+        Engine.Index index = new Engine.Index(Uid.encodeId("doc_id"), 1, doc);
+        Engine.IndexResult indexResult = mock(Engine.IndexResult.class);
+        when(indexResult.getResultType()).thenReturn(Engine.Result.Type.SUCCESS);
+        when(indexResult.getFailure()).thenReturn(new RuntimeException("test exception"));
+        indexingFailuresDebugListener.postIndex(shardId, index, indexResult);
+        assertThat(appender.getLastEventAndReset(), nullValue());
+    }
+
+}