diff --git a/src/query/functions/temporal/aggregation.go b/src/query/functions/temporal/aggregation.go
index 6e5a8ce66b..4c2b2b7b8f 100644
--- a/src/query/functions/temporal/aggregation.go
+++ b/src/query/functions/temporal/aggregation.go
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func NewAggOp(args []interface{}, optype string) (transform.Params, error) {
 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown aggregation type: %s", optype)
 }
 
-func newAggNode(op baseOp, controller *transform.Controller) Processor {
+func newAggNode(op baseOp, controller *transform.Controller, _ transform.Options) Processor {
 	return &aggNode{
 		op:         op,
 		controller: controller,
diff --git a/src/query/functions/temporal/base.go b/src/query/functions/temporal/base.go
index 95c68ddbeb..cb75fe93c7 100644
--- a/src/query/functions/temporal/base.go
+++ b/src/query/functions/temporal/base.go
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func (o baseOp) Node(controller *transform.Controller, opts transform.Options) t
 		controller:    controller,
 		cache:         newBlockCache(o, opts),
 		op:            o,
-		processor:     o.processorFn(o, controller),
+		processor:     o.processorFn(o, controller, opts),
 		transformOpts: opts,
 	}
 }
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ type Processor interface {
 }
 
 // MakeProcessor is a way to create a transform
-type MakeProcessor func(op baseOp, controller *transform.Controller) Processor
+type MakeProcessor func(op baseOp, controller *transform.Controller, opts transform.Options) Processor
 
 type processRequest struct {
 	blk    block.Block
diff --git a/src/query/functions/temporal/base_test.go b/src/query/functions/temporal/base_test.go
index bce1c658c2..3d0a25de6d 100644
--- a/src/query/functions/temporal/base_test.go
+++ b/src/query/functions/temporal/base_test.go
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func (p *processor) Process(f []float64) float64 {
 	return sum
 }
 
-func dummyProcessor(_ baseOp, _ *transform.Controller) Processor {
+func dummyProcessor(_ baseOp, _ *transform.Controller, _ transform.Options) Processor {
 	return &processor{}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/query/functions/temporal/rate.go b/src/query/functions/temporal/rate.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61f2426089
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/query/functions/temporal/rate.go
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Uber Technologies, Inc.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+// THE SOFTWARE.
+
+package temporal
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/m3db/m3/src/query/executor/transform"
+)
+
+const (
+	// IRateType calculates the per-second rate of increase of the time series
+	// across the specified time range. This is based on the last two data points.
+	IRateType = "irate"
+
+	// IDeltaType calculates the difference between the last two values in the time series.
+	// IDeltaTemporalType should only be used with gauges.
+	IDeltaType = "idelta"
+)
+
+// NewRateOp creates a new base temporal transform for rate functions
+func NewRateOp(args []interface{}, optype string) (transform.Params, error) {
+	if optype == IRateType || optype == IDeltaType {
+		return newBaseOp(args, optype, newRateNode, nil)
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown rate type: %s", optype)
+}
+
+func newRateNode(op baseOp, controller *transform.Controller, opts transform.Options) Processor {
+	isRate := op.operatorType == IRateType
+
+	return &rateNode{
+		op:         op,
+		controller: controller,
+		timeSpec:   opts.TimeSpec,
+		isRate:     isRate,
+	}
+}
+
+type rateNode struct {
+	op         baseOp
+	controller *transform.Controller
+	timeSpec   transform.TimeSpec
+	isRate     bool
+}
+
+func (r *rateNode) Process(values []float64) float64 {
+	valuesLen := len(values)
+	if valuesLen < 2 {
+		return math.NaN()
+	}
+
+	nonNanIdx := valuesLen - 1
+	// find idx for last non-NaN value
+	indexLast := findNonNanIdx(values, nonNanIdx)
+	// if indexLast is 0 then you only have one value and should return a NaN
+	if indexLast < 1 {
+		return math.NaN()
+	}
+
+	nonNanIdx = findNonNanIdx(values, indexLast-1)
+	if nonNanIdx == -1 {
+		return math.NaN()
+	}
+
+	previousSample := values[nonNanIdx]
+	lastSample := values[indexLast]
+
+	var resultValue float64
+	if r.isRate && lastSample < previousSample {
+		// Counter reset.
+		resultValue = lastSample
+	} else {
+		resultValue = lastSample - previousSample
+	}
+
+	if r.isRate {
+		resultValue *= float64(time.Second)
+		resultValue /= float64(r.timeSpec.Step) * float64(indexLast-nonNanIdx)
+	}
+
+	return resultValue
+}
+
+// findNonNanIdx iterates over the values backwards until we find a non-NaN value,
+// then returns its index
+func findNonNanIdx(vals []float64, startingIdx int) int {
+	for i := startingIdx; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if !math.IsNaN(vals[i]) {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+
+	return -1
+}
diff --git a/src/query/functions/temporal/rate_test.go b/src/query/functions/temporal/rate_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0d84a4ab6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/query/functions/temporal/rate_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Uber Technologies, Inc.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+// THE SOFTWARE.
+
+package temporal
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/m3db/m3/src/query/block"
+	"github.com/m3db/m3/src/query/executor/transform"
+	"github.com/m3db/m3/src/query/parser"
+	"github.com/m3db/m3/src/query/test"
+	"github.com/m3db/m3/src/query/test/executor"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+type testRateCase struct {
+	name           string
+	vals           [][]float64
+	opType         string
+	afterBlockOne  [][]float64
+	afterAllBlocks [][]float64
+}
+
+var testRateCases = []testRateCase{
+	{
+		name:   "irate",
+		opType: IRateType,
+		vals: [][]float64{
+			{678758, 680986, 683214, 685442, 687670},
+			{1987036, 1988988, 1990940, 1992892, 1994844},
+		},
+		afterBlockOne: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), 37.1333},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), 32.5333},
+		},
+		afterAllBlocks: [][]float64{
+			{11312.6333, 37.1333, 37.1333, 37.1333, 37.1333},
+			{33117.2666, 32.5333, 32.5333, 32.5333, 32.5333},
+		},
+	},
+	{
+		name:   "irate with some NaNs",
+		opType: IRateType,
+		vals: [][]float64{
+			{1987036, 1988988, 1990940, math.NaN(), 1994844},
+			{1987036, 1988988, 1990940, math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+		},
+		afterBlockOne: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), 32.5333},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), 32.5333},
+		},
+		afterAllBlocks: [][]float64{
+			{33117.2666, 32.5333, 32.5333, 32.5333, 32.5333},
+			{11039.0888, 32.5333, 32.5333, 32.5333, 32.5333},
+		},
+	},
+	{
+		name:   "irate with all NaNs",
+		opType: IRateType,
+		vals: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+		},
+		afterBlockOne: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+		},
+		afterAllBlocks: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+		},
+	},
+}
+
+func TestIRate(t *testing.T) {
+	testRate(t, testRateCases)
+}
+
+var testDeltaCases = []testRateCase{
+	{
+		name:   "idelta",
+		opType: IDeltaType,
+		vals: [][]float64{
+			{863682, 865910, 868138, 870366, 872594},
+			{1987036, 1988988, 1990940, 1992892, 1994844},
+		},
+		afterBlockOne: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), 2228},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), 1952},
+		},
+		afterAllBlocks: [][]float64{
+			{-8912, 2228, 2228, 2228, 2228},
+			{-7808, 1952, 1952, 1952, 1952},
+		},
+	},
+	{
+		name:   "idelta with some NaNs",
+		opType: IDeltaType,
+		vals: [][]float64{
+			{1987036, 1988988, 1990940, math.NaN(), 1994844},
+			{1987036, 1988988, 1990940, math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+		},
+		afterBlockOne: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), 3904},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), 1952},
+		},
+		afterAllBlocks: [][]float64{
+			{-7808, 1952, 1952, 1952, 3904},
+			{-3904, 1952, 1952, 1952, 1952},
+		},
+	},
+	{
+		name:   "idelta with all NaNs",
+		opType: IDeltaType,
+		vals: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+		},
+		afterBlockOne: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+		},
+		afterAllBlocks: [][]float64{
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+			{math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN(), math.NaN()},
+		},
+	},
+}
+
+func TestIDelta(t *testing.T) {
+	testRate(t, testDeltaCases)
+}
+
+// B1 has NaN in first series, first position
+func testRate(t *testing.T, testCases []testRateCase) {
+	for _, tt := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			values, bounds := test.GenerateValuesAndBounds(tt.vals, nil)
+			boundStart := bounds.Start
+			block3 := test.NewBlockFromValues(bounds, values)
+			c, sink := executor.NewControllerWithSink(parser.NodeID(1))
+
+			baseOp, err := NewRateOp([]interface{}{5 * time.Minute}, tt.opType)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			node := baseOp.Node(c, transform.Options{
+				TimeSpec: transform.TimeSpec{
+					Start: boundStart.Add(-2 * bounds.Duration),
+					End:   bounds.End(),
+					Step:  time.Minute,
+				},
+			})
+			bNode := node.(*baseNode)
+			err = node.Process(parser.NodeID(0), block3)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Len(t, sink.Values, 0, "nothing processed yet")
+			b, exists := bNode.cache.get(boundStart)
+			assert.True(t, exists, "block cached for future")
+			_, err = b.StepIter()
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+			original := values[0][0]
+			values[0][0] = math.NaN()
+			block1 := test.NewBlockFromValues(block.Bounds{
+				Start:    bounds.Start.Add(-2 * bounds.Duration),
+				Duration: bounds.Duration,
+				StepSize: bounds.StepSize,
+			}, values)
+
+			values[0][0] = original
+			err = node.Process(parser.NodeID(0), block1)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Len(t, sink.Values, 2, "output from first block only")
+			test.EqualsWithNansWithDelta(t, tt.afterBlockOne[0], sink.Values[0], 0.0001)
+			test.EqualsWithNansWithDelta(t, tt.afterBlockOne[1], sink.Values[1], 0.0001)
+			_, exists = bNode.cache.get(boundStart)
+			assert.True(t, exists, "block still cached")
+			_, exists = bNode.cache.get(boundStart.Add(-1 * bounds.Duration))
+			assert.False(t, exists, "block cached")
+
+			block2 := test.NewBlockFromValues(block.Bounds{
+				Start:    bounds.Start.Add(-1 * bounds.Duration),
+				Duration: bounds.Duration,
+				StepSize: bounds.StepSize,
+			}, values)
+
+			err = node.Process(parser.NodeID(0), block2)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Len(t, sink.Values, 6, "output from all 3 blocks")
+			test.EqualsWithNansWithDelta(t, tt.afterBlockOne[0], sink.Values[0], 0.0001)
+			test.EqualsWithNansWithDelta(t, tt.afterBlockOne[1], sink.Values[1], 0.0001)
+			expectedOne := tt.afterAllBlocks[0]
+			expectedTwo := tt.afterAllBlocks[1]
+			test.EqualsWithNansWithDelta(t, expectedOne, sink.Values[2], 0.0001)
+			test.EqualsWithNansWithDelta(t, expectedTwo, sink.Values[3], 0.0001)
+			_, exists = bNode.cache.get(bounds.Previous(2).Start)
+			assert.False(t, exists, "block removed from cache")
+			_, exists = bNode.cache.get(bounds.Previous(1).Start)
+			assert.False(t, exists, "block not cached")
+			_, exists = bNode.cache.get(bounds.Start)
+			assert.False(t, exists, "block removed from cache")
+			blks, err := bNode.cache.multiGet(bounds.Previous(2), 3, false)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Len(t, blks, 0)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUnknownRate(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := NewRateOp([]interface{}{5 * time.Minute}, "unknown_rate_func")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+}
diff --git a/src/query/parser/promql/parse_test.go b/src/query/parser/promql/parse_test.go
index d82de92a02..3b41f15612 100644
--- a/src/query/parser/promql/parse_test.go
+++ b/src/query/parser/promql/parse_test.go
@@ -247,6 +247,8 @@ var temporalParseTests = []struct {
 	{"sum_over_time(up[5m])", temporal.SumTemporalType},
 	{"stddev_over_time(up[5m])", temporal.StdDevTemporalType},
 	{"stdvar_over_time(up[5m])", temporal.StdVarTemporalType},
+	{"irate(up[5m])", temporal.IRateType},
+	{"idelta(up[5m])", temporal.IDeltaType},
 }
 
 func TestTemporalParses(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/src/query/parser/promql/types.go b/src/query/parser/promql/types.go
index af6123d312..8d208dc474 100644
--- a/src/query/parser/promql/types.go
+++ b/src/query/parser/promql/types.go
@@ -172,6 +172,9 @@ func NewFunctionExpr(name string, argValues []interface{}) (parser.Params, error
 		temporal.StdVarTemporalType:
 		return temporal.NewAggOp(argValues, name)
 
+	case temporal.IRateType, temporal.IDeltaType:
+		return temporal.NewRateOp(argValues, name)
+
 	default:
 		// TODO: handle other types
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("function not supported: %s", name)