diff --git a/src/api-wrappers/PrivateApis.swift b/src/api-wrappers/PrivateApis.swift
index 0dd509c34..a6e907016 100644
--- a/src/api-wrappers/PrivateApis.swift
+++ b/src/api-wrappers/PrivateApis.swift
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func CGSCopyManagedDisplaySpaces(_ cid: CGSConnectionID) -> CFArray
 
 struct CGSCopyWindowsOptions: OptionSet {
     let rawValue: Int
-    static let minimized = CGSCopyWindowsOptions(rawValue: 1 << 0)
+    static let minimizedAndTabbed = CGSCopyWindowsOptions(rawValue: 1 << 0)
     static let screenSaverLevel1000 = CGSCopyWindowsOptions(rawValue: 1 << 1)
     static let minimized2 = CGSCopyWindowsOptions(rawValue: 1 << 2)
     static let unknown1 = CGSCopyWindowsOptions(rawValue: 1 << 3)
diff --git a/src/logic/Applications.swift b/src/logic/Applications.swift
index f5b70a1bb..fa951b8aa 100644
--- a/src/logic/Applications.swift
+++ b/src/logic/Applications.swift
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ class Applications {
     static func addInitialRunningApplicationsWindows() {
         let otherSpaces = Spaces.otherSpaces()
         if otherSpaces.count > 0 {
-            let windowsOnCurrentSpace = Spaces.windowsInSpaces([Spaces.currentSpaceId])
-            let windowsOnOtherSpaces = Spaces.windowsInSpaces(otherSpaces)
+            let windowsOnCurrentSpace = Spaces.windowsInSpaces([Spaces.currentSpaceId], [.minimizedAndTabbed])
+            let windowsOnOtherSpaces = Spaces.windowsInSpaces(otherSpaces, [.minimizedAndTabbed])
             let windowsOnlyOnOtherSpaces = Array(Set(windowsOnOtherSpaces).subtracting(windowsOnCurrentSpace))
             if windowsOnlyOnOtherSpaces.count > 0 {
                 // on initial launch, we use private APIs to bring windows from other spaces into the current space, observe them, then remove them from the current space
diff --git a/src/logic/Spaces.swift b/src/logic/Spaces.swift
index bb1c8aae3..4ec580fb0 100644
--- a/src/logic/Spaces.swift
+++ b/src/logic/Spaces.swift
@@ -67,11 +67,10 @@ class Spaces {
         return idsAndIndexes.filter { $0.0 != currentSpaceId }.map { $0.0 }
     }
 
-    static func windowsInSpaces(_ spaceIds: [CGSSpaceID]) -> [CGWindowID] {
-        let options = ([.minimized] as CGSCopyWindowsOptions).rawValue
+    static func windowsInSpaces(_ spaceIds: [CGSSpaceID], _ options: CGSCopyWindowsOptions) -> [CGWindowID] {
         var set_tags = ([] as CGSCopyWindowsTags).rawValue
         var clear_tags = ([] as CGSCopyWindowsTags).rawValue
-        return CGSCopyWindowsWithOptionsAndTags(cgsMainConnectionId, 0, spaceIds as CFArray, options, &set_tags, &clear_tags) as! [CGWindowID]
+        return CGSCopyWindowsWithOptionsAndTags(cgsMainConnectionId, 0, spaceIds as CFArray, options.rawValue, &set_tags, &clear_tags) as! [CGWindowID]
     }
 
     static func isSingleSpace() -> Bool {
diff --git a/src/logic/Windows.swift b/src/logic/Windows.swift
index 19a47153b..63c60a179 100644
--- a/src/logic/Windows.swift
+++ b/src/logic/Windows.swift
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ class Windows {
     }
 
     static func detectTabbedWindows() {
-        let cgsWindowIds = Spaces.windowsInSpaces(Spaces.idsAndIndexes.map { $0.0 })
+        let cgsWindowIds = Spaces.windowsInSpaces(Spaces.idsAndIndexes.map { $0.0 }, [])
         list.forEach {
             $0.isTabbed = !$0.isMinimized && !$0.isHidden && !cgsWindowIds.contains($0.cgWindowId)
         }
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class Windows {
 
     static func sortByLevel() {
         var windowLevelMap = [CGWindowID: Int]()
-        for (index, cgWindowId) in Spaces.windowsInSpaces([Spaces.currentSpaceId]).enumerated() {
+        for (index, cgWindowId) in Spaces.windowsInSpaces([Spaces.currentSpaceId], [.minimizedAndTabbed]).enumerated() {
             windowLevelMap[cgWindowId] = index
         }
         var sortedTuples = Windows.list.map { (windowLevelMap[$0.cgWindowId], $0) }