forked from jamescummings/LEAP-XSLT
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
geogName.xml
1987 lines (1746 loc) · 92.7 KB
/
geogName.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-model href="http://livingstoneonline.github.io/LEAP-ODD/leap.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
<?xml-model href="http://livingstoneonline.github.io/LEAP-ODD/leap.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Livingstone Online: Annotated Geographical Name List</title>
<author>Adrian S. Wisnicki</author>
<author>Megan Ward</author>
<author>Justin D. Livingstone</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority>Livingstone Online</authority>
<publisher>University of Maryland Libraries</publisher>
<pubPlace>College Park, MD, USA</pubPlace>
<date>2019</date>
<availability>
<licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">(c)
Livingstone Online. <ref
target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">Creative
Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License</ref>.</licence>
</availability>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<p>A Livingstone Online project.</p>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<listPlace>
<!-- Current higest number = geog0234 -->
<place xml:id="geog0001" type="geogName_island">
<placeName type="main">Anjouan, Comoros</placeName>
<!-- Johanna -->
<note type="editorial">Also Johanna Island. Ten men from this island, hired with
the assistance of the island's British Consul, accompanied Livingstone on
his last journey.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0058" type="geogName_valley">
<placeName type="main">Barotse Valley</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Livingstone’s name for the Zambezi Floodplain, in the
Western Province of present-day Zambia.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0061" type="geogName_cape">
<placeName type="main">Cape Delgago</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Promontory. Northernmost point of Mozambique.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0002" type="geogName_spring">
<placeName type="main">Castalian springs</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Natural springs near Delphi in ancient Greece.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0003" type="geogName_drainage">
<placeName type="main">Central line of drainage of the great Nile
valley</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Livingstone incorrectly believed that the Nile originated
in Lake Bangweulu in present-day Zambia and was fed by a series of sources
in present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0004" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Congo River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Major river in Africa. On his last expedition,
Livingstone investigated diverse sections of the river in the mistaken hopes
that they had some connection to the Nile River system.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0005" type="geogName_hill">
<placeName type="main">Crophi</placeName>
<note type="editorial">With Mophi, one of two hills with conical tops that
Herodotus, the ancient Greek historian, placed in central Africa and cited
as lying between the sources of the Nile to the north and of the Zambezi to
the south.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0006" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Euphrates River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River in Mesopotamia. One of four rivers said to flow
from the Garden of Eden.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0007" type="geogName_source">
<placeName type="main">Fountain of the Lufira River</placeName>
<!-- Bartle Frere's fountain -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Bartle Frere's Fountain by Livingstone. The
Lufira River is tributary of the Lualaba River in present-day Democratic
Republic of the Congo. Livingstone believed that the Lufira united with the
Lualaba River to form the fictitious Lake Kamolondo. Livingstone placed the
source of the Lufira River, which he incorrectly linked to the Nile, three
or four days' travel time south of the Katanga region (in the southern part
of present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo). Livingstone named the
source after British colonial administrator H. Bartle E. Frere
(1815-1884).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0008" type="geogName_source">
<placeName type="main">Fountain of the Lufira River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">The Lufira River is tributary of the Lualaba River in
present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo. Livingstone believed that the
Lufira River united with the Lualaba River to form the fictitious Lake
Kamolondo. Livingstone placed the source of the Lufira Rivers, which he
incorrectly linked to the Nile, three or four days' travel time south of the
Katanga region (in the southern part of present-day Democratic Republic of
the Congo).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0063" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Gaboon</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River and estuary. Located in the west of present-day
Gabon.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0009" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Ganges River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">One of four rivers said to flow from the Garden of
Eden.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0010" type="geogName_garden">
<placeName type="main">Garden of Eden</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Biblical garden of God described in the Book of
Genesis.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0011" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Gihon River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River said to flow out of the Garden of Eden in the
Bible.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0012" type="geogName_mountain">
<placeName type="main">Hercynia</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Classical name for the stream issuing from the springs at
Lebadea in ancient Greece.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0013" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Hiddekel River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Hebrew name for the Tigris River of Mesopotamia. One of
four rivers said to flow from the Garden of Eden.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0014" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Jordan River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River in west Asia flowing to the Dead Sea.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0015" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kafue River</placeName>
<!-- Luenge, Lunga -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Luenge and Lunga by Livingstone. Significant
river in Zambia and one of the main tributaries of the Zambezi River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0016" type="geogName_desert">
<placeName type="main">Kalahari Desert</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Large sandy savanna that encompasses parts of present-day
Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0017" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Kiziwa</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Possibly present-day Lake Albert, Uganda.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0065" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kunda River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">A tributary of the Lualaba River in eastern Congo.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0018" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Lake Albert (Uganda)</placeName>
<!-- Albert Nyanza, Baker's Water/Lake, Uerere -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Albert Nyanza, Baker's Water or Lake, and
Uerere by Livingstone. In 1864, explorer and hunter Samuel W. Baker
(1821-1893) became the first European to visit the lake, which he named
after Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0019" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Lake Albert (Uganda)</placeName>
<!-- Lower Tanganyika -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Lower Tanganyika by Livingstone. In 1864,
explorer and hunter Samuel W. Baker (1821-1893) became the first European to
visit the lake, which he named after Prince Albert, husband of Queen
Victoria. At the time, Livingstone incorrectly believed that this lake was
part of Lake Tanganyika and that both were part of the Nile River system
(only Lake Albert is).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0020" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Lake Bangweulu (Zambia)</placeName>
<!-- Bangweolo -->
<note type="editorial">Also Bangweolo. Livingstone incorrectly believed that
this lake was part of the Nile River system. The lake is actually part of
the Congo River system.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0021" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Lake Chibungo</placeName>
<!-- Lake Lincoln -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Lake Lincoln by Livingstone. Fictitious lake
created via the union of the Lufira and Lomami/Lomani Rivers in what would
have been present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo. Livingstone named
the lake after the American president Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0022" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Lake Kamolondo</placeName>
<!-- Riverein Lake -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Riverein Lake by Livingstone. Livingstone
believed that the Lufira and Lualaba Rivers united to form this fictitious
lake in what would have been present-day Democratic Republic of the
Congo.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0023" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Lake Malawi (Malawi, Mozambique, and
Tanzania)</placeName>
<!-- Nyassa -->
<note type="editorial">Also Nyassa. Also known as Lake Nyasa (in Tanzania) and
Lago Niassa (in Mozambique). Although not the first European to do so,
Livingstone visited this lake in 1859 and gave it the name Lake
Nyassa.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0024" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Lake Mweru (Zambia and Democratic Republic of the
Congo)</placeName>
<!-- Lake Moero -->
<note type="editorial">Also Lake Moero. Livingstone incorrectly believed that
this lake was part of the Nile River system. The lake is actually part of
the Congo River system.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0025" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Lake Tanganyika (Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Burundi, and Zambia)</placeName>
<note type="editorial">When he wrote the 1870 Field Diary, Livingstone
incorrectly believed that this lake was part of the Nile River system. The
lake is actually part of the Congo River system.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0026" type="geogName_lake">
<!-- Lower and Upper Tanganyika -->
<placeName type="main">Lake Victoria (Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya) and Lake
Albert (Uganda), respectively.</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Also called Lower and Upper Tanganyika, respectively, by
Livingstone. Livingstone incorrectly believed that these two distinct and
unrelated lakes were in fact part of one larger lake.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0027" type="geogName_lake">
<!-- Upper Tanganyika, Victoria Nyanza, Nyanza -->
<placeName type="main">Lake Victoria (Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya)</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Also called Upper Tanganyika, Victoria Nyanza, and Nyanza
by Livingstone. In 1858, explorer John H. Speke (1827-1864) became the first
European to visit the lake, which he named after Queen Victoria, and
asserted correctly but without definitive evidence to be the source of the
Nile. Livingstone refused to recognize Speke's assertion.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0028" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lindi River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Tributary of the Lualaba River in present-day Democratic
Republic of the Congo.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0029" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lomami/Lomani River</placeName>
<!-- Lomame, Loeki, Lofubu, Lualaba West -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Lomame, Loeki, Lofubu, and Lualaba West by
Livingstone. Major river in present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Livingstone believed that the Lomami/Lomani formed part of the Nile River
system, but in fact the river joins the Lualaba River to become the Congo
River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0030" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lomami/Lomani River</placeName>
<!-- Young's Lualaba, Young's River -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Young's Lualaba and Young's River by
Livingstone. Major river in present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Livingstone believed that the Lomami/Lomani formed part of the Nile River
system, but in fact the river joins the Lualaba River to become the Congo
River. Livingstone named the river after James Young (1811-1883), a Scottish
industrialist who later become one of Livingstone's trustees.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0031" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lomami/Lomani River</placeName>
<!-- Young's Lake River -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Young's Lake River by Livingstone. Major
river in present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo. Livingstone believed
that the Lomami/Lomani formed part of the Nile River system, but in fact the
river joins the Lualaba River to become the Congo River. Livingstone named
the river after James Young (1811-1883), a Scottish industrialist who later
become one of Livingstone's trustees. Livingstone called it the "lake river"
because he believed that it flowed through the fictitious Lake Chibungo
(renamed Lake Lincoln by Livingstone).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0032" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lualaba and Lomami/Lomani Rivers</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Major rivers in present-day Democratic Republic of the
Congo. Livingstone believed that these rivers formed part of the Nile River
system, but in fact they join to become the Congo River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0033" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lualaba River</placeName>
<!-- Central Lualaba, Lualaba East, Lacustrine River -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Central Lualaba, Lualaba East, and Lacustrine
River by Livingstone. Major river in present-day Democratic Republic of the
Congo. Livingstone believed that the Lualaba formed part of the Nile River
system, but in fact the river joins the Lomami/Lomani River to become the
Congo River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0034" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lualaba River</placeName>
<!-- Webb's Lualaba -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Webb's Lualaba by Livingstone. Major river in
present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo. Livingstone believed that the
Lualaba formed part of the Nile River system, but in fact the river joins
the Lomami/Lomani River to become the Congo River. Livingstone named the
river after hunter William F. Webb (1829-1899).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0035" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lualaba River</placeName>
<!-- Lake River Webb -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Lake River Webb by Livingstone. Major river
in present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo. Livingstone believed that
the Lualaba formed part of the Nile River system, but in fact the river
joins the Lomami/Lomani River to become the Congo River. Livingstone named
the river after hunter William F. Webb (1829-1899). Livingstone called it a
"lake river" because he believed that it united with the Lufira River to
form the fictitious Lake Kamolondo.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0036" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lualaba, Lomami/Lomani, and Lufira Rivers</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Rivers in present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Livingstone believed that these rivers formed part of the Nile River system,
but in fact the Lufira is a tributary of the Lualaba and, in the turn, the
Lualaba and the Lomami/Lomani unite to become the Congo River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0037" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Luapula River</placeName>
<!-- New Zambesi -->
<note type="editorial">Also called New Zambesi by Livingstone. River that links
Lakes Mweru and Bangweolo and that forms part of the border between
present-day Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Portuguese
explorers and travelers, "armchair geographer" William D. Cooley
(1795[?]-1883), and, initially, Livingstone all incorrectly believed that
this river was a tributary of the Zambezi River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0038" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lufira River</placeName>
<!-- Bartle Frere's Lualaba -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Bartle Frere's Lualaba by Livingstone.
Tributary of the Lualaba River in present-day Democratic Republic of the
Congo. Livingstone believed that the Lufira united with the Lualaba River to
form the fictitious Lake Kamolondo. Livingstone named the source of the
river after British colonial administrator H. Bartle E. Frere
(1815-1884).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0039" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lufira River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Tributary of the Lualaba River in present-day Democratic
Republic of the Congo. Livingstone believed that the Lufira united with the
Lualaba River to form the fictitious Lake Kamolondo.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0040" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Lukuga River</placeName>
<!-- Luamo -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Luamo by Livingstone. Principal outlet of
Lake Tanganyika; runs west from the lake through the eastern part of
present-day Democratic Republic of Congo and eventually joins the Lualaba
River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0041" type="geogName_forest">
<placeName type="main">Metamba</placeName>
<!-- Metambe -->
<note type="editorial">Also Metambe. Rainforest in the north-eastern part of
present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo that is home to the Lega people
and that encompasses the valleys of the middle and upper Elila and the upper
Ulindi Rivers.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0042" type="geogName_hill">
<placeName type="main">Mophi</placeName>
<note type="editorial">With Crophi, one of two hills with conical tops that
Herodotus, the ancient Greek historian, placed in central Africa and cited
as lying between the sources of the Nile to the north and of the Zambezi to
the south.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0043" type="geogName_mountain">
<placeName type="main">Mount Kenya</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Second highest mountain in Africa (after Kilimanjaro),
located in present-day Kenya.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0044" type="geogName_mountain">
<placeName type="main">Mount Kilimanjaro</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Highest mountain in Africa, located in present-day
Tanzania.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0045" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Nile River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Major river in Africa and longest river in the world. The
search for the source(s) of the Nile motivated the African expeditions of a
number of important Victorian explorers, among them Richard Burton
(1821-1890), John H. Speke (1827-1864), Samuel W. Baker (1821-1893), Henry
M. Stanley (1841-1904), and, of course, Livingstone himself.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0046" type="geogName_valley">
<placeName type="main">Nile valley</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Region surrounding the northern part of the Nile
River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0047" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Pison</placeName>
<note type="editorial">One of four rivers said to flow from the Garden of
Eden.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0048" type="geogName_mountain">
<placeName type="main">Ptolemy's Mountains of the Moon</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Legendary African mountain range cited by Ptolemy
(c.100-c.170), the ancient geographer, as being located at the source of the
Nile River.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0049" type="geogName_lake">
<placeName type="main">Riverine Lakes</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Set of central African lakes that, on Livingstone's
understanding, included the real Lakes Bangweulu, Tanganyika, Victoria, and
Albert plus the fictitious Lakes Chibungo (a.k.a. Lake Lincoln) and
Kamolondo.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0064" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Ruvuma River</placeName>
<!--Rovuma River-->
<note type="editorial">Also Rovuma River. Significant river in east Africa that
forms part of the border between present-day Tanzania and Mozambique.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0050" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Shire River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Major river in present-day Malawi that flows out of Lake
Malawi and is a tributary of the Zambezi River. Livingstone visited the
river in 1859 during his second expedition to Africa (1858-64).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0051" type="geogName_source">
<placeName type="main">Source of the Kafue River</placeName>
<!-- Oswell Fountain -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Oswell Fountain by Livingstone. Livingstone
named the source, which he located south of the Katanga region (in the
southern part of present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) in what is
now Zambia, after William C. Oswell (1818-1893), an explorer and hunter,
whom Livingstone met and travelled with in South Africa and who remained
Livingstone's close friend.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0052" type="geogName_source">
<placeName type="main">Source of the Zambezi River</placeName>
<!-- Palmerston Fountain -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Palmerston Fountain by Livingstone.
Livingstone named the source, which he located south of the Katanga region
(in the southern part of present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) in
what is now Zambia, after Lord Palmerston (1784-1865), a former British
Minister, whose anti-slavery policies Livingstone admired.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0053" type="geogName_source">
<placeName type="main">Source(s) of the Nile River</placeName>
<!-- Fountains of the Nile, Fountains of the River of Egypt, Caput Nili, Katanga Head Waters -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Fountains of the Nile, Fountains of the River
of Egypt, Caput Nili, and Katanga Head Waters by Livingstone. The search for
the source(s) of the Nile motivated the African expeditions of a number of
important Victorian explorers. Although John H. Speke (1827-1864) visited
and correctly claimed Lake Victoria as the principal source in 1858, many
contemporaries doubted his claim, so the search continued. Livingstone, for
instance, believed that the sources lay much farther to the south in either
present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo or Zambia.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0054" type="geogName_source">
<placeName type="main">Sources of the Lomami/Lomani and Lufira
Rivers</placeName>
<!-- Young's and Bartle Frere's Fountains -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Young's and Bartle Frere's Fountains by
Livingstone. Livingstone placed the sources of the Lomami/Lomani and Lufira
Rivers, both of which he incorrectly linked to the Nile, three or four days'
travel time south of Katanga (a region in the southern part of present-day
Democratic Republic of the Congo). He named the sources after, respectively,
James Young (1811-1883), a Scottish industrialist who later became one of
Livingstone's trustees, and British colonial administrator H. Bartle E.
Frere (1815-1884).</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0055" type="geogName_source">
<placeName type="main">Sources of the Zambezi and Kafue Rivers</placeName>
<!-- Fountains of the Liambai and Upper Zambesi/Lunga -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Fountains of the Liambai and Upper Zambesi or
Lunga by Livingstone. Livingstone placed the sources of the Zambezi (Liambai
or Upper Zambesi) and Kafue (Lunga) Rivers south of Katanga (a region in the
southern part of present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) in what in
now Zambia. </note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0056" type="geogName_source">
<placeName type="main">Sources of the Zambezi and Kafue Rivers</placeName>
<!-- Palmerston's and Oswell's Fountains -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Palmerston's and Oswell's Fountains by
Livingstone. Livingstone named the sources of the Zambezi and Kafue Rivers,
which he placed south of the Katanga region (in the southern part of
present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) in what is now Zambia,
respectively, after Lord Palmerston (1784-1865), erstwhile British Minister,
whose anti-slavery policies Livingstone admired, and after William C. Oswell
(1818-1893), an explorer and hunter, whom Livingstone met and travelled with
in South Africa and who remained Livingstone's close friend.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0062" type="geogName_waterfall">
<placeName type="main">Victoria Falls</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Major waterfall on the Zambezi River, located on the
border of present-day Zambia and Zimbabwe. In 1855, David Livingstone became
the first European to visit to the waterfall, which he named after Queen
Victoria.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0057" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">White Nile</placeName>
<note type="editorial">The White Nile, which flows north from Lake Victoria, and
the Blue Nile, which flows west from Ethiopia, are the two main tributaries
of the Nile River and join together to form the main Nile River at
present-day Khartoum, Sudan.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0059" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Zambezi River</placeName>
<!-- Liambai, Upper Zambesi -->
<note type="editorial">Also called Liambai or Upper Zambesi by Livingstone.
Major river in south central Africa that rises in present-day Zambia, then
flows east across the continent to the Indian Ocean.</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="geog0060" type="geogName_island">
<placeName type="main">Zanzibar, Tanzania</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Island off the east coast of Africa. In the nineteenth
century, the center of east Africa's Arab-Indian-African trading network, a
major international depot, and the site of a notorious slave market.</note>
</place>
<!-- Missionary Travels Glossary List -->
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0066" type="geogName_bay">
<placeName type="main">Algoa Bay</placeName>
<note type="editorial">A bay of the Indian Ocean in South Africa's Eastern
Cape.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0067" type="geogName_island">
<placeName type="main">Azores</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Archipelago of nine islands in the Atlantic Ocean, around
900 miles off the west coast of Portugal.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0068" type="geogName_hill">
<placeName type="main">Baramuana</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. According to Livingstone, a hill in
the vicinity of Mount Morrumbala in central Mozambique.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0069" type="geogName_valley">
<placeName type="main">Barotse Floodplain</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Also known as the Zambezi Floodplain and the Bulozi
Plain. Called Barotse Valley by Livingstone. Extensive wetlands region
around the Zambezi River in the Western Province of present-day
Zambia.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0070" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Bengo River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Also called Senza by Livingstone. River in northern
Angola that enters the sea about ten miles above Luanda.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0071" type="geogName_plateau">
<placeName type="main">Bié Plateau</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Bihe by Livingstone. Large plateau in central
Angola that covers about one tenth of the country.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0072" type="geogName_spring">
<placeName type="main">Boatlaname</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Spring in present-day south-eastern Botswana, about
seventy miles north of Gaborone (Schapera 1961:169n2).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0073" type="geogName_cataracts">
<placeName type="main">Bombue Rapids</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. According to Livingstone, rapids on
the Zambezi River between Ngonye Falls in present-day Zambia's Western
Province and Katima Mulilo in present-day Namibia's Caprivi Strip.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0074" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Boteti River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Zouga by Livingstone. River in present-day
northern Botswana that issues from the Thamalakane River just south of Maun
and that forms part of the drainage system of the Okavango Delta. In periods
of high floods, the Boteti River flows south-east to Lake Xau before
continuing to the Makgadikgadi Pans (Hughes and Hughes 1992:607,
620).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0075" type="geogName_rapids">
<placeName type="main">Cahora Bassa</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Kebrabasa by Livingstone. Rapids on the Zambezi
River in present-day western Mozambique. Livingstone bypassed these rapids
during his transcontinental expedition (1852-56), but during his later
Zambezi Expedition (1858-64) he realised that they were impassible and
prevented the navigation of the river. The rapids were dammed in the 1970s
to form Lake Cahora Bassa which is used to generate hydroelectricity (Ross
2002:105).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0076" type="geogName_stream">
<placeName type="main">Caloi</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. According to Livingstone, a
tributary of the Bengo River.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0077" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Camaue River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Also called Kamaue by Livingstone. Reference uncertain.
According to Livingstone, a stream in north-eastern Angola that flows into
the Tshikapa River, which is in turn a tributary of the Kasai River.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0078" type="geogName_cape">
<placeName type="main">Cape of Good Hope</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Promontory on the southern tip of the Cape Peninsula in
present-day South Africa's Western Cape.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0079" type="geogName_island">
<placeName type="main">Ceylon</placeName>
<note type="editorial">British Colony in South Asia from 1796 until its
independence in 1948. It became known as Sri Lanka in 1972.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0080" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Chifumage River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Chifumadze by Livingstone. River in eastern Angola
that joins the Zambezi River about thirty miles north of present-day Lumbala
(Schapera 1963,1:78n4).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0081" type="geogName_hill">
<placeName type="main">Chisekesi</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Kisekise by Livingstone. Hill near the present-day
settlement of Chisekesi in Zambia's Southern Province (Schapera
1963,2:350n2).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0082" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Chiumbe River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Chihombo by Livingstone. River in eastern Angola
that joins the Luemba River about twenty miles north of the Angolan border
in the south-western part of present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo
(Schapera 1963,1:108n2).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0083" type="geogName_rivulet">
<placeName type="main">Chiume River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Chihune by Livingstone. River in eastern Angola
which flows into the Chiumbe River near present-day Dala (Schapera
1963,1:106n1).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0084" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Chobe River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River that marks the border between present-day Botswana
and Namibia's Caprivi Strip, and that flows into the Zambezi River at
Kazungala (at the quadripoint boundary between Botswana, Namibia, Zambia,
and Zimbabwe). The river rises in central Angola as the Cuando River before
becoming the Linyanti River and then, from Lake Liambezi (in Namibia), the
Chobe River (Augustyn et al. 1998a).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0085" type="geogName_pan">
<placeName type="main">Chuantsa</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. Possibly Nkokwane Pan, just south of
Ntwetwe Pan and about ten miles north-east of present-day Orapa in
north-eastern Botswana.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0086" type="geogName_pan">
<placeName type="main">Chukutsa Pan</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Nchokotsa by Livingstone. Pan or depression to the
south of Ntwetwe Pan and in the immediate vicinity of Ryasana Pan, in
present-day north-eastern Botswana (Schapera 1960a:6n2, Ransford
1978:49).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0087" type="geogName_island">
<placeName type="main">Chundu</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Chondo by Livingstone. Island in the middle of the
Zambezi River, on the boundary between present-day south-western Zambia and
north-western Zimbabwe. It is about fifteen miles upstream from Victoria
Falls (Schapera 1963,2:325n5).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0088" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Congo River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Formerly known as the Zaire River. Also called Zerézeré
by Livingstone. Major river in Africa and the second longest on the
continent after the Nile River. It rises in present-day north-eastern Zambia
and flows in an arc to the west coast, entering the Atlantic Ocean at Banana
in Democratic Republic of the Congo. During his final journey (1866-73),
Livingstone explored parts of the Congo River system while under the
misconception that it connected to the Nile.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0089" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Cuacua River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Also known as Rio dos Bons Sinais. Called Kilimane by
Livingstone. River in Mozambique that enters the sea near the port city,
Quelimane.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0090" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Cuanza River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Coanza by Livingstone. Major river in Angola that
rises on the Bié Plateau and flows to the west, entering the Atlantic about
thirty miles south of Luanda.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0091" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Cuije River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Quize by Livingstone. River of north-western
Angola and tributary of the Cuanza River, which it joins near present-day
Cangandala in Malanje Province (Schapera 1963,1:133n1).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0092" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Dande River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River in northern Angola, that enters the Atlantic about
twenty-five miles above Luanda at Barro do Dande.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0093" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Danube River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Second longest river in Europe (after the Volga), rising
in western Germany and flowing to the Black Sea.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0094" type="geogName_cave">
<placeName type="main">Fingal's Cave</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Sea cave on the south-west coast of Staffa, one of the
islands of the Inner Hebrides. The cave is notable for the hexagonal basalt
columns that surround it.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0095" type="geogName_hill">
<placeName type="main">Goha Hills</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Ngwa by Livingstone. Hills in the Savuti region of
present-day northern Botswana.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0096" type="geogName_bay">
<placeName type="main">Guanabara Bay</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Bay of Rio de Janeiro by Livingstone. A bay of the
South Atlantic Ocean in south-eastern Brazil. The city of Rio de Janeiro is
located on the bay's western shore.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0097" type="geogName_island">
<placeName type="main">Impalila Island</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Mparia by Livingstone. Island at the confluence of
the Chobe and Zambezi rivers in present-day Namibia's Caprivi Strip
(Schapera 1963,2:325n3).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0098" type="geogName_island">
<placeName type="main">Isle of Dogs</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Area of east London consisting of Millwall, Cubitt Town,
and Canary Wharf that is surrounded on three sides by the River
Thames.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0099" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kabompo River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River in south-central Africa and a major tributary of
the Zambezi River. It rises in present-day Zambia's North Western Province
and flows south and west to enter the Zambezi River about fifteen miles
north of Lukulu in Western Province. Livingstone sometimes mistakenly refers
to the Kabompo River as the Leeambye (another name for the Zambezi River),
since he incorrectly believed the Kabompo to be the main stream of the
Zambezi rather than a tributary (Schapera 1963,1:27n3).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0100" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kafue River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River in present-day Zambia and a major tributary of the
Zambezi River. It rises in North Western Province near the border with
present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo and winds southwards to join
the Zambezi River several miles above Chirundu on the Zimbabwean
border.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0101" type="geogName_desert">
<placeName type="main">Kalahari Desert</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Large sandy plain in southern Africa, covering much of
present-day Botswana, the eastern part of Namibia, and the northern part of
South Africa's Northern Cape. Livingstone first crossed the Kalahari to
reach Lake Ngami in 1849.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0102" type="geogName_island">
<placeName type="main">Kalai Island</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Island on the Zambezi River, about six miles upstream
from Victoria Falls.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0103" type="geogName_cataracts">
<placeName type="main">Kale Rapids</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. According to Livingstone, rapids on
the Zambezi River between Ngonye Falls in present-day Zambia's Western
Province and Katima Mulilo in present-day Namibia's Caprivi Strip.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0104" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kalomo River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Tributary of the Zambezi River, which it joins in
present-day Zambia's Southern Province about thirty-five miles downstream
from Victoria Falls.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0105" type="geogName_rivulet">
<placeName type="main">Kaluze River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. Schapera suggests this is the Calozi
River, which he identifies as a tributary that joins the Kasai River about
forty miles south-east of Dala in present-day Lunda Sul Province in eastern
Angola (Schapera 1963,1:101n2).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0106" type="geogName_valley">
<placeName type="main">Kandehy</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. A valley probably in the vinicity of
present-day Kasinka in northern Botswana's Chobe District (Schapera
1960a:111n1).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0107" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kanesi River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. Possibly the Tchinege River, which
flows into the Chiumbe River in eastern Angola's present-day Lunda Sul
Province (Schapera 1963,2:241n2).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0108" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kaongeshi River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Also known as the Lueta River. Called Caunguesi by
Livingstone. Tributary of the Kasai River in the southern part of
present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo (Schapera 1963,2:245n3).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0109" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kasai River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Also called Casai and Loke by Livingstone. River in
central Africa and a major tributary of the Congo River, that forms part of
the border between present-day Angola and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The Kasai River rises in Angola on the Bié Plateau and flows into the Congo
River at Kwamouth in the western part of Democratic Republic of the
Congo.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0110" type="geogName_mountain">
<placeName type="main">Kasala</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. According to Livingstone, a mountain
in the vicinity of Cassange in north-central Angola's present-day Lunda
Norte Province.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0111" type="geogName_pan">
<placeName type="main">Khama-Khama Pan</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Kama Kama by Livingstone. Pan or depression in
present-day north-eastern Botswana. On one of Livingstone's visits there in
March 1853, it was the home of members of the Khoesan led by Horoye and
Mokantsa (Schapera 1960a:102).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0112" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kolobeng River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River in present-day south-eastern Botswana. Livingstone
built his third mission station near this river in 1847, just west of
present-day Gaborone.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0113" type="geogName_spring">
<placeName type="main">Koobe</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Reference uncertain. According to Livingstone, a spring
on the south-western edge of Ntwetwe Pan in present-day north-eastern
Botswana.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0114" type="geogName_stream">
<placeName type="main">Kopong</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Khopong by Livingstone. River crossing the
northward road from Kolobeng, about seventeen miles north of present-day
Molepole in Botswana. Today, there is a village of this name about ten miles
north of Gaborone (Schapera 1960a:3n3).</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0115" type="geogName_mountain">
<placeName type="main">Koue Bokkeveld Mountains</placeName>
<note type="editorial">Called Bokkefelt by Livingstone. Mountain range in
present-day South Africa's Western Cape.</note>
</place>
<!-- MT glossary entry -->
<place xml:id="geog0116" type="geogName_river">
<placeName type="main">Kuruman River</placeName>
<note type="editorial">River in present-day South Africa's Northern Cape that is