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Day93:Vue组件中写name选项有除了搭配keep-alive还有其他作用么?你能谈谈你对keep-alive了解么?(平时使用和源码实现方面) #905
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答案一、组件中写 name 选项有什么作用?
二、keep-alive使用
三、keep-alive实现原理1)首先看下源码 // 源码位置:src/core/components/keep-alive.js
export default {
name: 'keep-alive',
abstract: true, // 判断当前组件虚拟dom是否渲染成真是dom的关键
props: {
include: patternTypes, // 缓存白名单
exclude: patternTypes, // 缓存黑名单
max: [String, Number] // 缓存的组件实例数量上限
},
created () {
this.cache = Object.create(null) // 缓存虚拟dom
this.keys = [] // 缓存的虚拟dom的健集合
},
destroyed () {
for (const key in this.cache) { // 删除所有的缓存
pruneCacheEntry(this.cache, key, this.keys)
}
},
mounted () {
// 实时监听黑白名单的变动
this.$watch('include', val => {
pruneCache(this, name => matches(val, name))
})
this.$watch('exclude', val => {
pruneCache(this, name => !matches(val, name))
})
},
render () {
// .....
}
} 大概的分析源码,我们发现与我们定义组件的过程一样,先是设置组件名为keep-alive,其次定义了一个abstract属性,值为true。这个属性在vue的官方教程并未提及,其实是一个虚组件,后面渲染过程会利用这个属性。props属性定义了keep-alive组件支持的全部参数。 2)接下来重点就是keep-alive在它生命周期内定义了三个钩子函数了 created 初始化两个对象分别缓存VNode(虚拟DOM)和VNode对应的键集合 destroyed 删除缓存VNode还要对应执行组件实例的destory钩子函数。 删除this.cache中缓存的VNode实例。不是简单地将this.cache置为null,而是遍历调用pruneCacheEntry函数删除。 // src/core/components/keep-alive.js
function pruneCacheEntry (
cache: VNodeCache,
key: string,
keys: Array<string>,
current?: VNode
) {
const cached = cache[key]
if (cached && (!current || cached.tag !== current.tag)) {
cached.componentInstance.$destroy() // 执行组件的destory钩子函数
}
cache[key] = null
remove(keys, key)
} mounted 在mounted这个钩子中对include和exclude参数进行监听,然后实时地更新(删除)this.cache对象数据。pruneCache函数的核心也是去调用pruneCacheEntry。 3)render // src/core/components/keep-alive.js
render () {
const slot = this.$slots.default
const vnode: VNode = getFirstComponentChild(slot) // 找到第一个子组件对象
const componentOptions: ?VNodeComponentOptions = vnode && vnode.componentOptions
if (componentOptions) { // 存在组件参数
// check pattern
const name: ?string = getComponentName(componentOptions) // 组件名
const { include, exclude } = this
if ( // 条件匹配
// not included
(include && (!name || !matches(include, name))) ||
// excluded
(exclude && name && matches(exclude, name))
) {
return vnode
}
const { cache, keys } = this
const key: ?string = vnode.key == null // 定义组件的缓存key
// same constructor may get registered as different local components
// so cid alone is not enough (#3269)
? componentOptions.Ctor.cid + (componentOptions.tag ? `::${componentOptions.tag}` : '')
: vnode.key
if (cache[key]) { // 已经缓存过该组件
vnode.componentInstance = cache[key].componentInstance
// make current key freshest
remove(keys, key)
keys.push(key) // 调整key排序
} else {
cache[key] = vnode // 缓存组件对象
keys.push(key)
// prune oldest entry
if (this.max && keys.length > parseInt(this.max)) {
// 超过缓存数限制,将第一个删除(LRU缓存算法)
pruneCacheEntry(cache, keys[0], keys, this._vnode)
}
}
vnode.data.keepAlive = true // 渲染和执行被包裹组件的钩子函数需要用到
}
return vnode || (slot && slot[0])
}
最后就是再次渲染执行缓存和对应钩子函数了 |
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