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DevOpsLab2: Stack ELK

Set Stack ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, FileBeat and Kibana) in one single-node installation

Setting initial requirements

This DevOps Lab will require a virtual machine with 4GB memory and, at least, 10GB space to be executed. That machine will be Ubuntu 18.04 (or similar Linux) with GIT, Docker and DockerCompose already installed.

Project structure

.
└── docker-compose.yml
└── README.md

docker-compose.yml

services:
  elasticsearch:
    image: elasticsearch:7.8.0 (or build directly with plugins)
    ...
  cerebro:
    image: lmenezes/cerebro
    ...
  logstash:
    image: logstash:7.8.0
    ...
  nginx:
    image: nginx:latest #just for testing purposes
    ...
  kibana:
    image: kibana:7.8.0
    ...
  filebeat:   
    image: filebeat:latest
    ...

This compose file will create a stack with the ELK main services: elasticsearch, logstash and kibana; Additionally, the compose adds a filebeat as an example of an external source of information, the cerebro tool which is used to make basic monitoring and operation over the Stack.

A nginx server is also added just for testing purpose of the systems.

When the stack is been deployed, the docker-compose maps the default ports for each service to the equivalent ports on the host in order to inspect easier the web interface of each service.

IMPORTANT NOTICE: Ports 9200, 9300, 9000, 5000, 5044, 9600, 5601 and 4000 on the host MUST NOT already in use.

Deploy with docker-compose

$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "ELK elastic" with driver "bridge"
Pulling elasticsearch...
Pulling logstash...
Pulling kibana...
Pulling cerebro...
Pulling filebeat...
Creating els ... done
Creating cerebro ... done
Creating logst ... done
Creating kib ... done
Creating nginx ... done
Creating filebeat ... done
$

Expected result

If everything is OK, you must see three containers running and the port mapping as displayed below (notice container ID could be different):

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                 PORTS                                               NAMES
45e9b302d0f0  elasticsearch:7.8.0   "/tini -- /usr/local…"   12 seconds ago  Up 2 seconds (healthy) 0.0.0.0:47321->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:49156->9300/tcp    els
a4c4f0d0f048  cerebro:latest        "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   12 seconds ago  Up 2 seconds           0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp                              cerebro
164f0553ed54  logstash:7.8.0        "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   13 seconds ago  Up 1 seconds           0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5044->5044/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9600->9600/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/udp   logst
fd3f0b35b448  kibana:7.8.0          "/usr/local/bin/dumb…"   14 seconds ago  Up 2 seconds           0.0.0.0:5601->5601/tcp                               kib
e2f3bacd4f46  filebeat:latest        "/usr/local/bin/dock…"  12 seconds ago  Up 1 seconds           0.0.0.0:                                             filebeat
a4f767a4b3c2  nginx:latest          "/docker-entypoint…"     12 seconds ago  Up 1 seconds           0.0.0.0:4000->4000/tcp                               nginx
$

Then, you can verify each application using the below links in your local web browser:

Stop and remove the containers (add -v if data must be deleted)

$ docker-compose down -v
$

Check connectivity between Filebeats and ElasticSearch

Filebeat could be connected to Logstash or ElasticSearch to send the data. In this part of the lab, ElasticSearch connectivity will be tested. To verify, it is required to connect to Filebeat container to execute a simple command verification

$ docker exec -it filebeat /bin/bash
$> ./filebeat test output
elasticsearch: http://elasticsearch:9200 ...
  parse url... OK
  connection...
    parse host... OK
    dns lookup... OK
    address... some-ip
    dial up... OK
  TLS... WARN secure connection disabled
  talk to server... OK
  version: 7.10.1
$>

The ElasticSearch connection is shown with the status. If it is ok, a message like the previous one will be shown as the filebeat.yml file is properly configured with the elasticsearch url.

Test the data ingest and index management in Elasticsearch using console

A set of commands could be executed to verify the elasticsearch behaviour. All these test have the same pattern:

$ curl –X ACTION "localhost:9200/INDEX/TYPE/DOCUMENT?PARAMS" –H DATATYPE DATA
$

Insert one document in an index

$ curl 
-X PUT "localhost:9200/contacts/_doc/1?pretty" 
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'{ "name": "your name 1" }'
$ curl 
-X PUT "localhost:9200/contactos/_doc/2?pretty" 
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d' { "name": "other name" }'
$

Retrieve data of one specific document

$ curl 
-X GET "localhost:9200/contactos/_doc/1"
$

Update data in one document

$ curl 
-X PUT "localhost:9200/contactos/_doc/2?pretty" 
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d' { "name": "your name 2" }'
$

Check indexes

$ curl "localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v=true"
$

Delete data in one index

$ curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/contactos/_doc/2"
$

Insert batch data in one index

File ${HOME}/logstash/logstash-tutorial-dataset.json will be used to execute this test

$ curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' 
     -XPOST "localhost:9200/connections/_bulk?pretty&refresh" 
     --data_binary "@logstats-tutorial-dataset.json"
$

Check Kibana dashboards from Beats

To verify some kibana dashboard to show Beats data, execute these commands to activate some log modules to get data for Filebeat:

$ docker exec –it filebeat /bin/bash
$> chown root filebeat.yml
$> chmod go-w filebeat.yml
$> ./filebeat –E "filebeat.config.modules.path=./modules.d/*.yml" modules enable system
Enabled system module
$> ./filebeat –E "filebeat.config.modules.path=./modules.d/*.yml" modules enable nginx
Enabled nginx module
$> ./filebeat setup --pipelines --modules system
Loaded Ingest pipelines
$> ./filebeat setup –e
....
$>

The last instructions will load in Kibana the appopiate dashboards for System and for Nginx to be used for display information and it will be possible to select them.