diff --git a/snapshots/has.ts b/snapshots/has.ts
index 50b408e..8764730 100644
--- a/snapshots/has.ts
+++ b/snapshots/has.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import * as R_has from '../ramda/dist/src/has';
 declare const property: Property;
 declare const object: object;
 
-// @dts-jest:pass -> <T>(object: T) => boolean
+// @dts-jest:pass -> (object: {}) => boolean
 R_has(property);
 // @dts-jest:pass -> boolean
 R_has(property)(object);
diff --git a/snapshots/hasIn.ts b/snapshots/hasIn.ts
index 0bcc3f3..4c38f46 100644
--- a/snapshots/hasIn.ts
+++ b/snapshots/hasIn.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import * as R_hasIn from '../ramda/dist/src/hasIn';
 declare const property: Property;
 declare const object: object;
 
-// @dts-jest:pass -> <T>(object: T) => boolean
+// @dts-jest:pass -> (object: {}) => boolean
 R_hasIn(property);
 // @dts-jest:pass -> boolean
 R_hasIn(property)(object);
diff --git a/snapshots/propIs.ts b/snapshots/propIs.ts
index f4b84f2..e4d7073 100644
--- a/snapshots/propIs.ts
+++ b/snapshots/propIs.ts
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ import * as R_propIs from '../ramda/dist/src/propIs';
 
 declare const object: object;
 
-// @dts-jest:pass -> <U>(object: U) => object is U & Record<"a", Number>
+// @dts-jest:pass -> <U extends {}>(object: U) => object is U & Record<"a", Number>
 R_propIs(Number)('a');
-// @dts-jest:pass -> <U>(object: U) => object is U & Record<"a", Number>
+// @dts-jest:pass -> <U extends {}>(object: U) => object is U & Record<"a", Number>
 R_propIs(Number, 'a');
 // @dts-jest:pass -> boolean
 R_propIs(Number)('a')(object);
diff --git a/templates/assoc.d.ts b/templates/assoc.d.ts
index 032a518..0a06aa1 100644
--- a/templates/assoc.d.ts
+++ b/templates/assoc.d.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 import {Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $extend<K extends string, V, T>(property: K, value: V, object: T): T & Record<K, V>;
-export function $general<T>(property: Property, value: any, object: T): T;
+export function $extend<K extends string, V, T extends {}>(property: K, value: V, object: T): T & Record<K, V>;
+export function $general<T extends {}>(property: Property, value: any, object: T): T;
diff --git a/templates/assocPath.d.ts b/templates/assocPath.d.ts
index a70cb34..e3f96e0 100644
--- a/templates/assocPath.d.ts
+++ b/templates/assocPath.d.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import {Path} from './$types';
 
-export function $<T>(path: Path, value: any, object: T): T;
+export function $<T extends {}>(path: Path, value: any, object: T): T;
diff --git a/templates/dissoc.d.ts b/templates/dissoc.d.ts
index 585258f..e3f8404 100644
--- a/templates/dissoc.d.ts
+++ b/templates/dissoc.d.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import {Omit} from './$operation';
 import {Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $keyof<T, K extends keyof T>(property: K, object: T): Omit<T, K>;
+export function $keyof<T extends {}, K extends keyof T>(property: K, object: T): Omit<T, K>;
 export function $record<T extends Record<K, any>, K extends string>(property: K, object: T): Omit<T, K>;
-export function $general<T>(property: Property, object: T): T;
+export function $general<T extends {}>(property: Property, object: T): T;
diff --git a/templates/dissocPath.d.ts b/templates/dissocPath.d.ts
index d1b5de5..cb4fbae 100644
--- a/templates/dissocPath.d.ts
+++ b/templates/dissocPath.d.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 import {DeepPartial} from './$operation';
 import {Path} from './$types';
 
-export function $<T>(path: Path, object: T): DeepPartial<T>;
+export function $<T extends {}>(path: Path, object: T): DeepPartial<T>;
diff --git a/templates/has.d.ts b/templates/has.d.ts
index 3d57c4f..fb5b7eb 100644
--- a/templates/has.d.ts
+++ b/templates/has.d.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import {Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $<T>(property: Property, object: T): boolean;
+export function $(property: Property, object: {}): boolean;
diff --git a/templates/hasIn.d.ts b/templates/hasIn.d.ts
index 3d57c4f..fb5b7eb 100644
--- a/templates/hasIn.d.ts
+++ b/templates/hasIn.d.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import {Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $<T>(property: Property, object: T): boolean;
+export function $(property: Property, object: {}): boolean;
diff --git a/templates/pick.d.ts b/templates/pick.d.ts
index b428329..ee919d5 100644
--- a/templates/pick.d.ts
+++ b/templates/pick.d.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import {List, Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $keyof<T, K extends keyof T>(keys: List<K>, object: T): Pick<T, K>;
+export function $keyof<T extends {}, K extends keyof T>(keys: List<K>, object: T): Pick<T, K>;
 export function $record<T extends Record<K, any>, K extends string>(keys: List<K>, object: T): Pick<T, K>;
-export function $general<T>(keys: List<Property>, object: T): Partial<T>;
+export function $general<T extends {}>(keys: List<Property>, object: T): Partial<T>;
diff --git a/templates/pickAll.d.ts b/templates/pickAll.d.ts
index fb29a2d..53bf29d 100644
--- a/templates/pickAll.d.ts
+++ b/templates/pickAll.d.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 import {List, Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $pick<T, K extends keyof T>(keys: List<K>, object: T): Pick<T, K>;
-export function $general<T>(keys: List<Property>, object: T): Partial<T>;
+export function $pick<T extends {}, K extends keyof T>(keys: List<K>, object: T): Pick<T, K>;
+export function $general<T extends {}>(keys: List<Property>, object: T): Partial<T>;
diff --git a/templates/pickBy.d.ts b/templates/pickBy.d.ts
index 652a091..b812026 100644
--- a/templates/pickBy.d.ts
+++ b/templates/pickBy.d.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import {Dictionary, KeyedObjectMorphism} from './$types';
 
-export function $<T, U extends Dictionary<T>>(fn: KeyedObjectMorphism<T, boolean, keyof U>, object: U): Partial<U>;
+export function $<T extends {}, U extends Dictionary<T>>(fn: KeyedObjectMorphism<T, boolean, keyof U>, object: U): Partial<U>;
diff --git a/templates/prop.d.ts b/templates/prop.d.ts
index 79abcc1..aa8dad2 100644
--- a/templates/prop.d.ts
+++ b/templates/prop.d.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import {List, Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $keyof<T, K extends keyof T>(key: K, object: T): T[K];
+export function $keyof<T extends {}, K extends keyof T>(key: K, object: T): T[K];
 export function $record<K extends string, T extends Record<K, any>>(key: K, object: T): T[K];
 export function $general(key: Property, object: {}): any;
diff --git a/templates/propIs.d.ts b/templates/propIs.d.ts
index e976c60..1fa4087 100644
--- a/templates/propIs.d.ts
+++ b/templates/propIs.d.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 import {Constructor, Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $guard<T, U, K extends string>(constructor: Constructor<T>, key: K, object: U): object is U & Record<K, T>;
+export function $guard<T, U extends {}, K extends string>(constructor: Constructor<T>, key: K, object: U): object is U & Record<K, T>;
 export function $general(constructor: Constructor<any>, key: Property, object: {}): boolean;
diff --git a/templates/propOr.d.ts b/templates/propOr.d.ts
index ea78740..dc98388 100644
--- a/templates/propOr.d.ts
+++ b/templates/propOr.d.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import {List, Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $keyof<D, T, K extends keyof T>(defaults: D, key: K, object: T): T[K] | D;
+export function $keyof<D, T extends {}, K extends keyof T>(defaults: D, key: K, object: T): T[K] | D;
 export function $record<D, K extends string, T extends Record<K, any>>(defaults: D, key: K, object: T): T[K] | D;
 export function $general(defaults: any, key: Property, object: {}): any;
diff --git a/templates/propSatisfies.d.ts b/templates/propSatisfies.d.ts
index 4751c13..9e8c935 100644
--- a/templates/propSatisfies.d.ts
+++ b/templates/propSatisfies.d.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import {Predicate, Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $keyof<T, K extends keyof T>(fn: Predicate<T[K]>, key: K, object: T): boolean;
+export function $keyof<T extends {}, K extends keyof T>(fn: Predicate<T[K]>, key: K, object: T): boolean;
 export function $record<K extends string, T extends Record<K, any>>(fn: Predicate<T[K]>, key: K, object: T): boolean;
 export function $general<V>(fn: Predicate<V>, key: Property, object: {}): boolean;
diff --git a/templates/props.d.ts b/templates/props.d.ts
index 58fc525..2b177aa 100644
--- a/templates/props.d.ts
+++ b/templates/props.d.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import {List, Property} from './$types';
 
-export function $keyof<T, K extends keyof T>(keys: List<K>, object: T): T[K][];
+export function $keyof<T extends {}, K extends keyof T>(keys: List<K>, object: T): T[K][];
 export function $record<K extends string, T extends Record<K, any>>(keys: List<K>, object: T): T[K][];
 export function $general(keys: Property[], object: {}): any[];
diff --git a/templates/values.d.ts b/templates/values.d.ts
index c31043d..a511396 100644
--- a/templates/values.d.ts
+++ b/templates/values.d.ts
@@ -1 +1 @@
-export function $<T>(value: T): T[keyof T][];
+export function $<T extends {}>(value: T): T[keyof T][];
diff --git a/templates/valuesIn.d.ts b/templates/valuesIn.d.ts
index c31043d..a511396 100644
--- a/templates/valuesIn.d.ts
+++ b/templates/valuesIn.d.ts
@@ -1 +1 @@
-export function $<T>(value: T): T[keyof T][];
+export function $<T extends {}>(value: T): T[keyof T][];
diff --git a/tests/__snapshots__/has.ts.snap b/tests/__snapshots__/has.ts.snap
index e57bfed..113e898 100644
--- a/tests/__snapshots__/has.ts.snap
+++ b/tests/__snapshots__/has.ts.snap
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
 
-exports[`R_has(property) 1`] = `"<T>(object: T) => boolean"`;
+exports[`R_has(property) 1`] = `"(object: {}) => boolean"`;
 
 exports[`R_has(property)(object) 1`] = `"boolean"`;
 
diff --git a/tests/__snapshots__/hasIn.ts.snap b/tests/__snapshots__/hasIn.ts.snap
index c6ef6dd..284a5cc 100644
--- a/tests/__snapshots__/hasIn.ts.snap
+++ b/tests/__snapshots__/hasIn.ts.snap
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
 
-exports[`R_hasIn(property) 1`] = `"<T>(object: T) => boolean"`;
+exports[`R_hasIn(property) 1`] = `"(object: {}) => boolean"`;
 
 exports[`R_hasIn(property)(object) 1`] = `"boolean"`;
 
diff --git a/tests/__snapshots__/propIs.ts.snap b/tests/__snapshots__/propIs.ts.snap
index 4f83b13..048e579 100644
--- a/tests/__snapshots__/propIs.ts.snap
+++ b/tests/__snapshots__/propIs.ts.snap
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
 
-exports[`R_propIs(Number)('a') 1`] = `"<U>(object: U) => object is U & Record<\\"a\\", Number>"`;
+exports[`R_propIs(Number)('a') 1`] = `"<U extends {}>(object: U) => object is U & Record<\\"a\\", Number>"`;
 
 exports[`R_propIs(Number)('a')(object) 1`] = `"boolean"`;
 
-exports[`R_propIs(Number, 'a') 1`] = `"<U>(object: U) => object is U & Record<\\"a\\", Number>"`;
+exports[`R_propIs(Number, 'a') 1`] = `"<U extends {}>(object: U) => object is U & Record<\\"a\\", Number>"`;
 
 exports[`R_propIs(Number, 'a', object) 1`] = `"boolean"`;