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HTML coding guide

Naming conventions

  • Everything should be named in kebab-case (lowercase words separated with a -): tags, attributes, IDs, etc, except for everything bound to Angular such variables, directives or events which should be in camelCase
  • File names should always be in kebab-case

Coding rules

  • Use HTML5 doctype: <!doctype html>
  • Use HTML semantic elements
  • Use double quotes " around attribute values in tags
  • Use a new line for every block, list, or table element, and indent every such child element
  • Clearly Separate structure (HTML) from presentation (CSS) from behavior (JavaScript):
    • Never use inline CSS or JavaScript
    • Keep any logic out of the HTML
  • type attribute for stylesheets and script tags should be omitted

Common pitfalls

  • Block-type tags cannot be nested inside inline-type tags: a <div> tag cannot be nested in a <span>. This rule also applies regarding the display value of an element.
  • HTML is not XML: empty tags cannot be self-closing and will result in improper results
    • <div/> will be interpreted as a simple <div> without closing tag!
    • The only tags that allows self-closing are the one that does not require a closing tag in first place: these are the void elements that do not not accept content <br>, <hr>, <img>, <input>, <meta>, <link> (and others).

Templates

In accordance with the Angular style guide, HTML templates should be extracted in separate files, when more than 3 lines.

Only use inline templates sparingly in very simple components with less than 3 lines of HTML.

Enforcement

Coding rules enforcement and basic sanity checks are done in this project by HTMLHint.