diff --git a/cmd/extool/extool.go b/cmd/extool/extool.go
index 6572a09a..9480965b 100644
--- a/cmd/extool/extool.go
+++ b/cmd/extool/extool.go
@@ -37,7 +37,10 @@ func main() {
 		log.Fatal("No address specified")
 	}
 
-	c, err := electrumx.NewClient(address, 1, 1)
+	c, err := electrumx.NewClient(address, &electrumx.ClientOptions{
+		InitialConnections: 1,
+		MaxConnections:     1,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("Failed to create electrumx client: %v", err)
 	}
diff --git a/docker/bfgd/Dockerfile b/docker/bfgd/Dockerfile
index 6097922f..d68a3de1 100644
--- a/docker/bfgd/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/bfgd/Dockerfile
@@ -17,9 +17,13 @@ RUN addgroup --gid 65532 bfgd && \
         -G bfgd --uid 65532 bfgd
 
 WORKDIR /build/
-COPY . .
 
+COPY Makefile .
+COPY go.mod .
+COPY go.sum .
 RUN make deps
+
+COPY . .
 RUN GOOS=$(go env GOOS) GOARCH=$(go env GOARCH) CGO_ENABLED=0 GOGC=off make GO_LDFLAGS="$GO_LDFLAGS" bfgd
 
 # Run stage
diff --git a/docker/bssd/Dockerfile b/docker/bssd/Dockerfile
index de61921e..510e86bc 100644
--- a/docker/bssd/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/bssd/Dockerfile
@@ -17,9 +17,13 @@ RUN addgroup --gid 65532 bssd && \
         -G bssd --uid 65532 bssd
 
 WORKDIR /build/
-COPY . .
 
+COPY Makefile .
+COPY go.mod .
+COPY go.sum .
 RUN make deps
+
+COPY . .
 RUN GOOS=$(go env GOOS) GOARCH=$(go env GOARCH) CGO_ENABLED=0 GOGC=off make GO_LDFLAGS="$GO_LDFLAGS" bssd
 
 # Run stage
diff --git a/docker/popmd/Dockerfile b/docker/popmd/Dockerfile
index af03d779..5938c462 100644
--- a/docker/popmd/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/popmd/Dockerfile
@@ -17,9 +17,13 @@ RUN addgroup --gid 65532 popmd && \
         -G popmd --uid 65532 popmd
 
 WORKDIR /build/
-COPY . .
 
+COPY Makefile .
+COPY go.mod .
+COPY go.sum .
 RUN make deps
+
+COPY . .
 RUN GOOS=$(go env GOOS) GOARCH=$(go env GOARCH) CGO_ENABLED=0 GOGC=off make GO_LDFLAGS="$GO_LDFLAGS" popmd
 
 # Run stage
diff --git a/hemi/electrumx/conn.go b/hemi/electrumx/conn.go
index 10d15db6..38ed50ac 100644
--- a/hemi/electrumx/conn.go
+++ b/hemi/electrumx/conn.go
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -30,14 +32,17 @@ type clientConn struct {
 	conn      net.Conn
 	requestID uint64
 
+	metrics *metrics
+
 	closeCh chan struct{}
 	onClose func(c *clientConn)
 }
 
 // newClientConn returns a new clientConn.
-func newClientConn(conn net.Conn, onClose func(c *clientConn)) *clientConn {
+func newClientConn(conn net.Conn, metrics *metrics, onClose func(c *clientConn)) *clientConn {
 	c := &clientConn{
 		conn:    conn,
+		metrics: metrics,
 		closeCh: make(chan struct{}),
 		onClose: onClose,
 	}
@@ -56,6 +61,18 @@ func (c *clientConn) call(ctx context.Context, method string, params, result any
 	defer c.mx.Unlock()
 	c.requestID++
 
+	if c.metrics != nil {
+		start := time.Now()
+		defer func() {
+			c.metrics.rpcCallsDuration.With(prometheus.Labels{
+				"method": method,
+			}).Observe(time.Since(start).Seconds())
+		}()
+		c.metrics.rpcCallsTotal.With(prometheus.Labels{
+			"method": method,
+		}).Inc()
+	}
+
 	req, err := NewJSONRPCRequest(c.requestID, method, params)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", err)
diff --git a/hemi/electrumx/conn_pool.go b/hemi/electrumx/conn_pool.go
index 4cd49e5d..4d7b0ce3 100644
--- a/hemi/electrumx/conn_pool.go
+++ b/hemi/electrumx/conn_pool.go
@@ -28,22 +28,28 @@ type connPool struct {
 	// TODO(joshuasing): This is used as a basic queue, however there are much
 	//  more performant queue implementations that could be used.
 	pool []*clientConn
+
+	// metrics contains prometheus collectors used for collecting metrics.
+	metrics *metrics
 }
 
 // newConnPool creates a new connection pool.
-func newConnPool(network, address string, initial, max int) (*connPool, error) {
-	if initial > max {
-		return nil, errors.New("initial connections must be less than max connections")
+func newConnPool(network, address string, opts *ClientOptions, metrics *metrics) (*connPool, error) {
+	if opts.InitialConnections > opts.MaxConnections {
+		return nil, errors.New(
+			"initial connections must be less than or equal to max connections",
+		)
 	}
 
 	p := &connPool{
 		network: network,
 		address: address,
-		max:     max,
+		max:     opts.MaxConnections,
+		metrics: metrics,
 	}
 
 	// Add initial connections to the pool.
-	for range initial {
+	for range opts.InitialConnections {
 		conn, err := p.newConn()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("new initial connection: %w", err)
@@ -63,7 +69,11 @@ func (p *connPool) newConn() (*clientConn, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return newClientConn(c, p.onClose), nil
+	if p.metrics != nil {
+		p.metrics.connsOpened.Inc()
+		p.metrics.connsOpen.Inc()
+	}
+	return newClientConn(c, p.metrics, p.onClose), nil
 }
 
 // onClose removes a connection from the pool if found.
@@ -74,10 +84,17 @@ func (p *connPool) onClose(conn *clientConn) {
 
 	p.poolMx.Lock()
 	// Remove the connection from the pool.
+	l := len(p.pool)
 	p.pool = slices.DeleteFunc(p.pool, func(c *clientConn) bool {
 		return c == conn
 	})
+	removed := len(p.pool) != l
 	p.poolMx.Unlock()
+
+	if p.metrics != nil && removed {
+		p.metrics.connsClosed.Inc()
+		p.metrics.connsOpen.Dec()
+	}
 }
 
 // acquireConn returns a connection from the pool.
@@ -93,14 +110,19 @@ func (p *connPool) acquireConn() (*clientConn, error) {
 	}
 	p.poolMx.Unlock()
 
-	if c == nil {
-		// The connection pool is empty, create a new connection.
-		var err error
-		if c, err = p.newConn(); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("new connection: %w", err)
+	if c != nil {
+		// Successfully acquired a connection from the pool.
+		if c.metrics != nil {
+			c.metrics.connsIdle.Dec()
 		}
+		return c, nil
 	}
 
+	// The connection pool is empty, create a new connection.
+	var err error
+	if c, err = p.newConn(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("new connection: %w", err)
+	}
 	return c, nil
 }
 
@@ -124,6 +146,9 @@ func (p *connPool) freeConn(conn *clientConn) {
 
 	p.pool = append(p.pool, conn)
 	p.poolMx.Unlock()
+	if p.metrics != nil {
+		p.metrics.connsIdle.Inc()
+	}
 }
 
 // size returns the number of connections in the pool.
diff --git a/hemi/electrumx/conn_pool_test.go b/hemi/electrumx/conn_pool_test.go
index 3e72245e..710b918c 100644
--- a/hemi/electrumx/conn_pool_test.go
+++ b/hemi/electrumx/conn_pool_test.go
@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ const (
 	clientMaximumConnections = 5
 )
 
+var testClientOpts = &ClientOptions{
+	InitialConnections: clientInitialConnections,
+	MaxConnections:     clientMaximumConnections,
+}
+
 func TestConnPool(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
@@ -22,8 +27,7 @@ func TestConnPool(t *testing.T) {
 	server := createMockServer(t)
 	defer server.Close()
 
-	pool, err := newConnPool("tcp", server.address,
-		clientInitialConnections, clientMaximumConnections)
+	pool, err := newConnPool("tcp", server.address, testClientOpts, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create connPool: %v", err)
 	}
diff --git a/hemi/electrumx/conn_test.go b/hemi/electrumx/conn_test.go
index 387941c7..11537388 100644
--- a/hemi/electrumx/conn_test.go
+++ b/hemi/electrumx/conn_test.go
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func TestClientConn(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to dial server: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	c := newClientConn(conn, nil)
+	c := newClientConn(conn, nil, nil)
 	defer c.Close()
 
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ func TestClose(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to dial server: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	c := newClientConn(conn, nil)
+	c := newClientConn(conn, nil, nil)
 
 	// Ping the server.
 	if err := c.ping(); err != nil {
diff --git a/hemi/electrumx/electrumx.go b/hemi/electrumx/electrumx.go
index f2b32470..6570676c 100644
--- a/hemi/electrumx/electrumx.go
+++ b/hemi/electrumx/electrumx.go
@@ -17,11 +17,17 @@ import (
 
 	btcchainhash "github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash"
 	"github.com/juju/loggo"
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
 	"github.com/sethvargo/go-retry"
 
 	"github.com/hemilabs/heminetwork/bitcoin"
 )
 
+var log = loggo.GetLogger("electrumx")
+
+// Prometheus subsystem name.
+const promSubsystem = "electrumx"
+
 // https://electrumx.readthedocs.io/en/latest/protocol-basics.html
 
 type JSONRPCError struct {
@@ -120,17 +126,118 @@ var (
 // Client implements an electrumx JSON RPC client.
 type Client struct {
 	connPool *connPool
+	metrics  *metrics
 }
 
-var log = loggo.GetLogger("electrumx")
+var (
+	defaultInitialConnections = 2
+	defaultMaxConnections     = 10
+)
+
+type ClientOptions struct {
+	// InitialConnections is the number of initial ElectrumX connections to open
+	// and keep in the pool.
+	InitialConnections int
+
+	// MaxConnections is the maximum number of ElectrumX connections to keep in
+	// the pool.
+	//
+	// If adding a connection back to the pool would result in the pool having
+	// more connections than this value, the connection will be closed instead
+	// of being added to the pool.
+	MaxConnections int
+
+	// PromNamespace is the application Prometheus namespace.
+	PromNamespace string
+}
+
+type metrics struct {
+	connsOpen        prometheus.Gauge         // Number of open connections
+	connsIdle        prometheus.Gauge         // Number of idle connections
+	connsOpened      prometheus.Counter       // Total number of connections opened
+	connsClosed      prometheus.Counter       // Total number of connections closed
+	rpcCallsTotal    *prometheus.CounterVec   // Total number of RPC calls
+	rpcCallsDuration *prometheus.HistogramVec // RPC call durations in seconds
+}
+
+func newMetrics(namespace string) *metrics {
+	return &metrics{
+		connsOpen: prometheus.NewGauge(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
+			Namespace: namespace,
+			Subsystem: promSubsystem,
+			Name:      "connections_open",
+			Help:      "Number of open ElectrumX connections",
+		}),
+		connsIdle: prometheus.NewGauge(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
+			Namespace: namespace,
+			Subsystem: promSubsystem,
+			Name:      "connections_idle",
+			Help:      "Number of idle ElectrumX connections",
+		}),
+		connsOpened: prometheus.NewCounter(prometheus.CounterOpts{
+			Namespace: namespace,
+			Subsystem: promSubsystem,
+			Name:      "connections_opened_total",
+			Help:      "Total number of ElectrumX connections opened",
+		}),
+		connsClosed: prometheus.NewCounter(prometheus.CounterOpts{
+			Namespace: namespace,
+			Subsystem: promSubsystem,
+			Name:      "connections_closed_total",
+			Help:      "Total number of ElectrumX connections closed",
+		}),
+		rpcCallsTotal: prometheus.NewCounterVec(
+			prometheus.CounterOpts{
+				Namespace: namespace,
+				Subsystem: promSubsystem,
+				Name:      "rpc_calls_total",
+				Help:      "Total number of ElectrumX RPC calls",
+			},
+			[]string{"method"},
+		),
+		rpcCallsDuration: prometheus.NewHistogramVec(
+			prometheus.HistogramOpts{
+				Namespace: namespace,
+				Subsystem: promSubsystem,
+				Name:      "rpc_calls_duration_seconds",
+				Help:      "ElectrumX RPC call durations in seconds",
+				Buckets:   prometheus.DefBuckets,
+			},
+			[]string{"method"},
+		),
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *metrics) collectors() []prometheus.Collector {
+	return []prometheus.Collector{
+		m.connsOpen,
+		m.connsIdle,
+		m.connsOpened,
+		m.connsClosed,
+		m.rpcCallsTotal,
+		m.rpcCallsDuration,
+	}
+}
 
 // NewClient returns an initialised electrumx client.
-func NewClient(address string, initialConns, maxConns int) (*Client, error) {
-	c := &Client{}
+func NewClient(address string, opts *ClientOptions) (*Client, error) {
+	if opts == nil {
+		opts = new(ClientOptions)
+	}
+	if opts.InitialConnections == 0 {
+		opts.InitialConnections = defaultInitialConnections
+	}
+	if opts.MaxConnections == 0 {
+		opts.MaxConnections = defaultMaxConnections
+	}
+
+	c := &Client{
+		metrics: newMetrics(opts.PromNamespace),
+	}
 
 	// The address may be empty during tests, ignore empty addresses.
 	if address != "" {
-		pool, err := newConnPool("tcp", address, initialConns, maxConns)
+		pool, err := newConnPool("tcp", address, opts, c.metrics)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("new connection pool: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -140,6 +247,11 @@ func NewClient(address string, initialConns, maxConns int) (*Client, error) {
 	return c, nil
 }
 
+// Metrics returns Prometheus metric collectors for the client.
+func (c *Client) Metrics() []prometheus.Collector {
+	return c.metrics.collectors()
+}
+
 func (c *Client) call(ctx context.Context, method string, params, result any) error {
 	if c.connPool == nil {
 		// connPool may be nil if the address given to NewClient is empty.
diff --git a/service/bfg/bfg.go b/service/bfg/bfg.go
index db6837eb..0765ccbd 100644
--- a/service/bfg/bfg.go
+++ b/service/bfg/bfg.go
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ func NewDefaultConfig() *Config {
 
 // XXX figure out if this needs to be moved out into the electrumx package.
 type btcClient interface {
+	Metrics() []prometheus.Collector
 	Balance(ctx context.Context, scriptHash []byte) (*electrumx.Balance, error)
 	Broadcast(ctx context.Context, rtx []byte) ([]byte, error)
 	Height(ctx context.Context) (uint64, error)
@@ -217,7 +218,11 @@ func NewServer(cfg *Config) (*Server, error) {
 	}
 
 	var err error
-	s.btcClient, err = electrumx.NewClient(cfg.EXBTCAddress, cfg.EXBTCInitialConns, cfg.EXBTCMaxConns)
+	s.btcClient, err = electrumx.NewClient(cfg.EXBTCAddress, &electrumx.ClientOptions{
+		InitialConnections: cfg.EXBTCInitialConns,
+		MaxConnections:     cfg.EXBTCMaxConns,
+		PromNamespace:      promNamespace,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create electrumx client: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -1561,7 +1566,8 @@ func (s *Server) Run(pctx context.Context) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("create prometheus server: %w", err)
 		}
-		cs := append(s.metrics.collectors(),
+		cs := append(
+			append(s.metrics.collectors(), s.btcClient.Metrics()...),
 			prometheus.NewGaugeFunc(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
 				Namespace: promNamespace,
 				Name:      "running",