diff --git a/agent/agent.go b/agent/agent.go
index c4eea9703873..603ac23c7f0d 100644
--- a/agent/agent.go
+++ b/agent/agent.go
@@ -151,6 +151,9 @@ type Agent struct {
 	// checkDockers maps the check ID to an associated Docker Exec based check
 	checkDockers map[types.CheckID]*checks.CheckDocker
 
+	// checkAliases maps the check ID to an associated Alias checks
+	checkAliases map[types.CheckID]*checks.CheckAlias
+
 	// checkLock protects updates to the check* maps
 	checkLock sync.Mutex
 
@@ -235,6 +238,7 @@ func New(c *config.RuntimeConfig) (*Agent, error) {
 		checkTCPs:       make(map[types.CheckID]*checks.CheckTCP),
 		checkGRPCs:      make(map[types.CheckID]*checks.CheckGRPC),
 		checkDockers:    make(map[types.CheckID]*checks.CheckDocker),
+		checkAliases:    make(map[types.CheckID]*checks.CheckAlias),
 		eventCh:         make(chan serf.UserEvent, 1024),
 		eventBuf:        make([]*UserEvent, 256),
 		joinLANNotifier: &systemd.Notifier{},
@@ -1314,6 +1318,9 @@ func (a *Agent) ShutdownAgent() error {
 	for _, chk := range a.checkDockers {
 		chk.Stop()
 	}
+	for _, chk := range a.checkAliases {
+		chk.Stop()
+	}
 
 	// Stop the proxy manager
 	if a.proxyManager != nil {
@@ -2007,6 +2014,35 @@ func (a *Agent) AddCheck(check *structs.HealthCheck, chkType *structs.CheckType,
 			monitor.Start()
 			a.checkMonitors[check.CheckID] = monitor
 
+		case chkType.IsAlias():
+			if existing, ok := a.checkAliases[check.CheckID]; ok {
+				existing.Stop()
+				delete(a.checkAliases, check.CheckID)
+			}
+
+			var rpcReq structs.NodeSpecificRequest
+			rpcReq.Datacenter = a.config.Datacenter
+
+			// The token to set is really important. The behavior below follows
+			// the same behavior as anti-entropy: we use the user-specified token
+			// if set (either on the service or check definition), otherwise
+			// we use the "UserToken" on the agent. This is tested.
+			rpcReq.Token = a.tokens.UserToken()
+			if token != "" {
+				rpcReq.Token = token
+			}
+
+			chkImpl := &checks.CheckAlias{
+				Notify:    a.State,
+				RPC:       a.delegate,
+				RPCReq:    rpcReq,
+				CheckID:   check.CheckID,
+				Node:      chkType.AliasNode,
+				ServiceID: chkType.AliasService,
+			}
+			chkImpl.Start()
+			a.checkAliases[check.CheckID] = chkImpl
+
 		default:
 			return fmt.Errorf("Check type is not valid")
 		}
diff --git a/agent/agent_test.go b/agent/agent_test.go
index 8f46b5abc47b..1905beb88276 100644
--- a/agent/agent_test.go
+++ b/agent/agent_test.go
@@ -936,6 +936,128 @@ func TestAgent_AddCheck_GRPC(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestAgent_AddCheck_Alias(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	require := require.New(t)
+	a := NewTestAgent(t.Name(), "")
+	defer a.Shutdown()
+
+	health := &structs.HealthCheck{
+		Node:    "foo",
+		CheckID: "aliashealth",
+		Name:    "Alias health check",
+		Status:  api.HealthCritical,
+	}
+	chk := &structs.CheckType{
+		AliasService: "foo",
+	}
+	err := a.AddCheck(health, chk, false, "")
+	require.NoError(err)
+
+	// Ensure we have a check mapping
+	sChk, ok := a.State.Checks()["aliashealth"]
+	require.True(ok, "missing aliashealth check")
+	require.NotNil(sChk)
+	require.Equal(api.HealthCritical, sChk.Status)
+
+	chkImpl, ok := a.checkAliases["aliashealth"]
+	require.True(ok, "missing aliashealth check")
+	require.Equal("", chkImpl.RPCReq.Token)
+
+	cs := a.State.CheckState("aliashealth")
+	require.NotNil(cs)
+	require.Equal("", cs.Token)
+}
+
+func TestAgent_AddCheck_Alias_setToken(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	require := require.New(t)
+	a := NewTestAgent(t.Name(), "")
+	defer a.Shutdown()
+
+	health := &structs.HealthCheck{
+		Node:    "foo",
+		CheckID: "aliashealth",
+		Name:    "Alias health check",
+		Status:  api.HealthCritical,
+	}
+	chk := &structs.CheckType{
+		AliasService: "foo",
+	}
+	err := a.AddCheck(health, chk, false, "foo")
+	require.NoError(err)
+
+	cs := a.State.CheckState("aliashealth")
+	require.NotNil(cs)
+	require.Equal("foo", cs.Token)
+
+	chkImpl, ok := a.checkAliases["aliashealth"]
+	require.True(ok, "missing aliashealth check")
+	require.Equal("foo", chkImpl.RPCReq.Token)
+}
+
+func TestAgent_AddCheck_Alias_userToken(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	require := require.New(t)
+	a := NewTestAgent(t.Name(), `
+acl_token = "hello"
+	`)
+	defer a.Shutdown()
+
+	health := &structs.HealthCheck{
+		Node:    "foo",
+		CheckID: "aliashealth",
+		Name:    "Alias health check",
+		Status:  api.HealthCritical,
+	}
+	chk := &structs.CheckType{
+		AliasService: "foo",
+	}
+	err := a.AddCheck(health, chk, false, "")
+	require.NoError(err)
+
+	cs := a.State.CheckState("aliashealth")
+	require.NotNil(cs)
+	require.Equal("", cs.Token) // State token should still be empty
+
+	chkImpl, ok := a.checkAliases["aliashealth"]
+	require.True(ok, "missing aliashealth check")
+	require.Equal("hello", chkImpl.RPCReq.Token) // Check should use the token
+}
+
+func TestAgent_AddCheck_Alias_userAndSetToken(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	require := require.New(t)
+	a := NewTestAgent(t.Name(), `
+acl_token = "hello"
+	`)
+	defer a.Shutdown()
+
+	health := &structs.HealthCheck{
+		Node:    "foo",
+		CheckID: "aliashealth",
+		Name:    "Alias health check",
+		Status:  api.HealthCritical,
+	}
+	chk := &structs.CheckType{
+		AliasService: "foo",
+	}
+	err := a.AddCheck(health, chk, false, "goodbye")
+	require.NoError(err)
+
+	cs := a.State.CheckState("aliashealth")
+	require.NotNil(cs)
+	require.Equal("goodbye", cs.Token)
+
+	chkImpl, ok := a.checkAliases["aliashealth"]
+	require.True(ok, "missing aliashealth check")
+	require.Equal("goodbye", chkImpl.RPCReq.Token)
+}
+
 func TestAgent_RemoveCheck(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	a := NewTestAgent(t.Name(), `
diff --git a/agent/checks/alias.go b/agent/checks/alias.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e6c7082e5759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/agent/checks/alias.go
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+package checks
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/agent/structs"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/types"
+)
+
+// Constants related to alias check backoff.
+const (
+	checkAliasBackoffMin     = 3               // 3 attempts before backing off
+	checkAliasBackoffMaxWait = 1 * time.Minute // maximum backoff wait time
+)
+
+// CheckAlias is a check type that aliases the health of another service
+// instance or node. If the service aliased has any critical health checks, then
+// this check is critical. If the service has no critical but warnings,
+// then this check is warning, and if a service has only passing checks, then
+// this check is passing.
+type CheckAlias struct {
+	Node      string // Node name of the service. If empty, assumed to be this node.
+	ServiceID string // ID (not name) of the service to alias
+
+	CheckID types.CheckID               // ID of this check
+	RPC     RPC                         // Used to query remote server if necessary
+	RPCReq  structs.NodeSpecificRequest // Base request
+	Notify  AliasNotifier               // For updating the check state
+
+	stop     bool
+	stopCh   chan struct{}
+	stopLock sync.Mutex
+}
+
+// AliasNotifier is a CheckNotifier specifically for the Alias check.
+// This requires additional methods that are satisfied by the agent
+// local state.
+type AliasNotifier interface {
+	CheckNotifier
+
+	AddAliasCheck(types.CheckID, string, chan<- struct{}) error
+	RemoveAliasCheck(types.CheckID, string)
+	Checks() map[types.CheckID]*structs.HealthCheck
+}
+
+// Start is used to start the check, runs until Stop() func (c *CheckAlias) Start() {
+func (c *CheckAlias) Start() {
+	c.stopLock.Lock()
+	defer c.stopLock.Unlock()
+	c.stop = false
+	c.stopCh = make(chan struct{})
+	go c.run(c.stopCh)
+}
+
+// Stop is used to stop the check.
+func (c *CheckAlias) Stop() {
+	c.stopLock.Lock()
+	defer c.stopLock.Unlock()
+	if !c.stop {
+		c.stop = true
+		close(c.stopCh)
+	}
+}
+
+// run is invoked in a goroutine until Stop() is called.
+func (c *CheckAlias) run(stopCh chan struct{}) {
+	// If we have a specific node set, then use a blocking query
+	if c.Node != "" {
+		c.runQuery(stopCh)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Use the local state to match the service.
+	c.runLocal(stopCh)
+}
+
+func (c *CheckAlias) runLocal(stopCh chan struct{}) {
+	// Very important this is buffered as 1 so that we do not lose any
+	// queued updates. This only has to be exactly 1 since the existence
+	// of any update triggers us to load the full health check state.
+	notifyCh := make(chan struct{}, 1)
+	c.Notify.AddAliasCheck(c.CheckID, c.ServiceID, notifyCh)
+	defer c.Notify.RemoveAliasCheck(c.CheckID, c.ServiceID)
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-notifyCh:
+			checks := c.Notify.Checks()
+			checksList := make([]*structs.HealthCheck, 0, len(checks))
+			for _, chk := range checks {
+				checksList = append(checksList, chk)
+			}
+			c.processChecks(checksList)
+
+		case <-stopCh:
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *CheckAlias) runQuery(stopCh chan struct{}) {
+	args := c.RPCReq
+	args.Node = c.Node
+	args.AllowStale = true
+	args.MaxQueryTime = 1 * time.Minute
+
+	var attempt uint
+	for {
+		// Check if we're stopped. We fallthrough and block otherwise,
+		// which has a maximum time set above so we'll always check for
+		// stop within a reasonable amount of time.
+		select {
+		case <-stopCh:
+			return
+		default:
+		}
+
+		// Backoff if we have to
+		if attempt > checkAliasBackoffMin {
+			shift := attempt - checkAliasBackoffMin
+			if shift > 31 {
+				shift = 31 // so we don't overflow to 0
+			}
+			waitTime := (1 << shift) * time.Second
+			if waitTime > checkAliasBackoffMaxWait {
+				waitTime = checkAliasBackoffMaxWait
+			}
+			time.Sleep(waitTime)
+		}
+
+		// Get the current health checks for the specified node.
+		//
+		// NOTE(mitchellh): This currently returns ALL health checks for
+		// a node even though we also have the service ID. This can be
+		// optimized if we introduce a new RPC endpoint to filter both,
+		// but for blocking queries isn't that much more efficient since the checks
+		// index is global to the cluster.
+		var out structs.IndexedHealthChecks
+		if err := c.RPC.RPC("Health.NodeChecks", &args, &out); err != nil {
+			attempt++
+			if attempt > 1 {
+				c.Notify.UpdateCheck(c.CheckID, api.HealthCritical,
+					fmt.Sprintf("Failure checking aliased node or service: %s", err))
+			}
+
+			continue
+		}
+
+		attempt = 0 // Reset the attempts so we don't backoff the next
+
+		// Set our index for the next request
+		args.MinQueryIndex = out.Index
+
+		// We want to ensure that we're always blocking on subsequent requests
+		// to avoid hot loops. Index 1 is always safe since the min raft index
+		// is at least 5. Note this shouldn't happen but protecting against this
+		// case is safer than a 100% CPU loop.
+		if args.MinQueryIndex < 1 {
+			args.MinQueryIndex = 1
+		}
+
+		c.processChecks(out.HealthChecks)
+	}
+}
+
+// processChecks is a common helper for taking a set of health checks and
+// using them to update our alias. This is abstracted since the checks can
+// come from both the remote server as well as local state.
+func (c *CheckAlias) processChecks(checks []*structs.HealthCheck) {
+	health := api.HealthPassing
+	msg := "No checks found."
+	for _, chk := range checks {
+		if c.Node != "" && chk.Node != c.Node {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// We allow ServiceID == "" so that we also check node checks
+		if chk.ServiceID != "" && chk.ServiceID != c.ServiceID {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if chk.Status == api.HealthCritical || chk.Status == api.HealthWarning {
+			health = chk.Status
+			msg = fmt.Sprintf("Aliased check %q failing: %s", chk.Name, chk.Output)
+
+			// Critical checks exit the for loop immediately since we
+			// know that this is the health state. Warnings do not since
+			// there may still be a critical check.
+			if chk.Status == api.HealthCritical {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		msg = "All checks passing."
+	}
+
+	// Update our check value
+	c.Notify.UpdateCheck(c.CheckID, health, msg)
+}
diff --git a/agent/checks/alias_test.go b/agent/checks/alias_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ea6603345fa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/agent/checks/alias_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,437 @@
+package checks
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/agent/mock"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/agent/structs"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/testutil/retry"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/types"
+	//"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// Test that we do a backoff on error.
+func TestCheckAlias_remoteErrBackoff(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	notify := newMockAliasNotify()
+	chkID := types.CheckID("foo")
+	rpc := &mockRPC{}
+	chk := &CheckAlias{
+		Node:      "remote",
+		ServiceID: "web",
+		CheckID:   chkID,
+		Notify:    notify,
+		RPC:       rpc,
+	}
+
+	rpc.Reply.Store(fmt.Errorf("failure"))
+
+	chk.Start()
+	defer chk.Stop()
+
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	if got, want := atomic.LoadUint32(&rpc.Calls), uint32(6); got > want {
+		t.Fatalf("got %d updates want at most %d", got, want)
+	}
+
+	retry.Run(t, func(r *retry.R) {
+		if got, want := notify.State(chkID), api.HealthCritical; got != want {
+			r.Fatalf("got state %q want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// No remote health checks should result in passing on the check.
+func TestCheckAlias_remoteNoChecks(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	notify := newMockAliasNotify()
+	chkID := types.CheckID("foo")
+	rpc := &mockRPC{}
+	chk := &CheckAlias{
+		Node:      "remote",
+		ServiceID: "web",
+		CheckID:   chkID,
+		Notify:    notify,
+		RPC:       rpc,
+	}
+
+	rpc.Reply.Store(structs.IndexedHealthChecks{})
+
+	chk.Start()
+	defer chk.Stop()
+	retry.Run(t, func(r *retry.R) {
+		if got, want := notify.State(chkID), api.HealthPassing; got != want {
+			r.Fatalf("got state %q want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// If the node is critical then the check is critical
+func TestCheckAlias_remoteNodeFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	notify := newMockAliasNotify()
+	chkID := types.CheckID("foo")
+	rpc := &mockRPC{}
+	chk := &CheckAlias{
+		Node:      "remote",
+		ServiceID: "web",
+		CheckID:   chkID,
+		Notify:    notify,
+		RPC:       rpc,
+	}
+
+	rpc.Reply.Store(structs.IndexedHealthChecks{
+		HealthChecks: []*structs.HealthCheck{
+			// Should ignore non-matching node
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "A",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Node failure
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Match
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthPassing,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	chk.Start()
+	defer chk.Stop()
+	retry.Run(t, func(r *retry.R) {
+		if got, want := notify.State(chkID), api.HealthCritical; got != want {
+			r.Fatalf("got state %q want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// Only passing should result in passing
+func TestCheckAlias_remotePassing(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	notify := newMockAliasNotify()
+	chkID := types.CheckID("foo")
+	rpc := &mockRPC{}
+	chk := &CheckAlias{
+		Node:      "remote",
+		ServiceID: "web",
+		CheckID:   chkID,
+		Notify:    notify,
+		RPC:       rpc,
+	}
+
+	rpc.Reply.Store(structs.IndexedHealthChecks{
+		HealthChecks: []*structs.HealthCheck{
+			// Should ignore non-matching node
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "A",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Should ignore non-matching service
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "db",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Match
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthPassing,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	chk.Start()
+	defer chk.Stop()
+	retry.Run(t, func(r *retry.R) {
+		if got, want := notify.State(chkID), api.HealthPassing; got != want {
+			r.Fatalf("got state %q want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// If any checks are critical, it should be critical
+func TestCheckAlias_remoteCritical(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	notify := newMockAliasNotify()
+	chkID := types.CheckID("foo")
+	rpc := &mockRPC{}
+	chk := &CheckAlias{
+		Node:      "remote",
+		ServiceID: "web",
+		CheckID:   chkID,
+		Notify:    notify,
+		RPC:       rpc,
+	}
+
+	rpc.Reply.Store(structs.IndexedHealthChecks{
+		HealthChecks: []*structs.HealthCheck{
+			// Should ignore non-matching node
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "A",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Should ignore non-matching service
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "db",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Match
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthPassing,
+			},
+
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	chk.Start()
+	defer chk.Stop()
+	retry.Run(t, func(r *retry.R) {
+		if got, want := notify.State(chkID), api.HealthCritical; got != want {
+			r.Fatalf("got state %q want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// If no checks are critical and at least one is warning, then it should warn
+func TestCheckAlias_remoteWarning(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	notify := newMockAliasNotify()
+	chkID := types.CheckID("foo")
+	rpc := &mockRPC{}
+	chk := &CheckAlias{
+		Node:      "remote",
+		ServiceID: "web",
+		CheckID:   chkID,
+		Notify:    notify,
+		RPC:       rpc,
+	}
+
+	rpc.Reply.Store(structs.IndexedHealthChecks{
+		HealthChecks: []*structs.HealthCheck{
+			// Should ignore non-matching node
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "A",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Should ignore non-matching service
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "db",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Match
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthPassing,
+			},
+
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthWarning,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	chk.Start()
+	defer chk.Stop()
+	retry.Run(t, func(r *retry.R) {
+		if got, want := notify.State(chkID), api.HealthWarning; got != want {
+			r.Fatalf("got state %q want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// Only passing should result in passing for node-only checks
+func TestCheckAlias_remoteNodeOnlyPassing(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	notify := newMockAliasNotify()
+	chkID := types.CheckID("foo")
+	rpc := &mockRPC{}
+	chk := &CheckAlias{
+		Node:    "remote",
+		CheckID: chkID,
+		Notify:  notify,
+		RPC:     rpc,
+	}
+
+	rpc.Reply.Store(structs.IndexedHealthChecks{
+		HealthChecks: []*structs.HealthCheck{
+			// Should ignore non-matching node
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "A",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Should ignore any services
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "db",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Match
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:   "remote",
+				Status: api.HealthPassing,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	chk.Start()
+	defer chk.Stop()
+	retry.Run(t, func(r *retry.R) {
+		if got, want := notify.State(chkID), api.HealthPassing; got != want {
+			r.Fatalf("got state %q want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// Only critical should result in passing for node-only checks
+func TestCheckAlias_remoteNodeOnlyCritical(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	notify := newMockAliasNotify()
+	chkID := types.CheckID("foo")
+	rpc := &mockRPC{}
+	chk := &CheckAlias{
+		Node:    "remote",
+		CheckID: chkID,
+		Notify:  notify,
+		RPC:     rpc,
+	}
+
+	rpc.Reply.Store(structs.IndexedHealthChecks{
+		HealthChecks: []*structs.HealthCheck{
+			// Should ignore non-matching node
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "A",
+				ServiceID: "web",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Should ignore any services
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:      "remote",
+				ServiceID: "db",
+				Status:    api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+
+			// Match
+			&structs.HealthCheck{
+				Node:   "remote",
+				Status: api.HealthCritical,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	chk.Start()
+	defer chk.Stop()
+	retry.Run(t, func(r *retry.R) {
+		if got, want := notify.State(chkID), api.HealthCritical; got != want {
+			r.Fatalf("got state %q want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+type mockAliasNotify struct {
+	*mock.Notify
+}
+
+func newMockAliasNotify() *mockAliasNotify {
+	return &mockAliasNotify{
+		Notify: mock.NewNotify(),
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *mockAliasNotify) AddAliasCheck(chkID types.CheckID, serviceID string, ch chan<- struct{}) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *mockAliasNotify) RemoveAliasCheck(chkID types.CheckID, serviceID string) {
+}
+
+func (m *mockAliasNotify) Checks() map[types.CheckID]*structs.HealthCheck {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// mockRPC is an implementation of RPC that can be used for tests. The
+// atomic.Value fields can be set concurrently and will reflect on the next
+// RPC call.
+type mockRPC struct {
+	Calls uint32       // Read-only, number of RPC calls
+	Args  atomic.Value // Read-only, the last args sent
+
+	// Write-only, the reply to send. If of type "error" then an error will
+	// be returned from the RPC call.
+	Reply atomic.Value
+}
+
+func (m *mockRPC) RPC(method string, args interface{}, reply interface{}) error {
+	atomic.AddUint32(&m.Calls, 1)
+	m.Args.Store(args)
+
+	// We don't adhere to blocking queries, so this helps prevent
+	// too much CPU usage on the check loop.
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	// This whole machinery below sets the value of the reply. This is
+	// basically what net/rpc does internally, though much condensed.
+	replyv := reflect.ValueOf(reply)
+	if replyv.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+		return fmt.Errorf("RPC reply must be pointer")
+	}
+	replyv = replyv.Elem()                  // Get pointer value
+	replyv.Set(reflect.Zero(replyv.Type())) // Reset to zero value
+	if v := m.Reply.Load(); v != nil {
+		// Return an error if the reply is an error type
+		if err, ok := v.(error); ok {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		replyv.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v)) // Set to reply value if non-nil
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/agent/checks/check.go b/agent/checks/check.go
index bc41206f0813..b09bdc8be16c 100644
--- a/agent/checks/check.go
+++ b/agent/checks/check.go
@@ -38,6 +38,13 @@ const (
 	UserAgent = "Consul Health Check"
 )
 
+// RPC is an interface that an RPC client must implement. This is a helper
+// interface that is implemented by the agent delegate for checks that need
+// to make RPC calls.
+type RPC interface {
+	RPC(method string, args interface{}, reply interface{}) error
+}
+
 // CheckNotifier interface is used by the CheckMonitor
 // to notify when a check has a status update. The update
 // should take care to be idempotent.
diff --git a/agent/config/builder.go b/agent/config/builder.go
index e7958056e13e..940e6f2074c2 100644
--- a/agent/config/builder.go
+++ b/agent/config/builder.go
@@ -1046,6 +1046,8 @@ func (b *Builder) checkVal(v *CheckDefinition) *structs.CheckDefinition {
 		GRPC:              b.stringVal(v.GRPC),
 		GRPCUseTLS:        b.boolVal(v.GRPCUseTLS),
 		TLSSkipVerify:     b.boolVal(v.TLSSkipVerify),
+		AliasNode:         b.stringVal(v.AliasNode),
+		AliasService:      b.stringVal(v.AliasService),
 		Timeout:           b.durationVal(fmt.Sprintf("check[%s].timeout", id), v.Timeout),
 		TTL:               b.durationVal(fmt.Sprintf("check[%s].ttl", id), v.TTL),
 		DeregisterCriticalServiceAfter: b.durationVal(fmt.Sprintf("check[%s].deregister_critical_service_after", id), v.DeregisterCriticalServiceAfter),
diff --git a/agent/config/config.go b/agent/config/config.go
index ab81c2f718e8..c54090b3f73b 100644
--- a/agent/config/config.go
+++ b/agent/config/config.go
@@ -348,6 +348,8 @@ type CheckDefinition struct {
 	GRPC                           *string             `json:"grpc,omitempty" hcl:"grpc" mapstructure:"grpc"`
 	GRPCUseTLS                     *bool               `json:"grpc_use_tls,omitempty" hcl:"grpc_use_tls" mapstructure:"grpc_use_tls"`
 	TLSSkipVerify                  *bool               `json:"tls_skip_verify,omitempty" hcl:"tls_skip_verify" mapstructure:"tls_skip_verify"`
+	AliasNode                      *string             `json:"alias_node,omitempty" hcl:"alias_node" mapstructure:"alias_node"`
+	AliasService                   *string             `json:"alias_service,omitempty" hcl:"alias_service" mapstructure:"alias_service"`
 	Timeout                        *string             `json:"timeout,omitempty" hcl:"timeout" mapstructure:"timeout"`
 	TTL                            *string             `json:"ttl,omitempty" hcl:"ttl" mapstructure:"ttl"`
 	DeregisterCriticalServiceAfter *string             `json:"deregister_critical_service_after,omitempty" hcl:"deregister_critical_service_after" mapstructure:"deregister_critical_service_after"`
diff --git a/agent/config/runtime_test.go b/agent/config/runtime_test.go
index 9326e8ff6b54..7eab8d2d851b 100644
--- a/agent/config/runtime_test.go
+++ b/agent/config/runtime_test.go
@@ -1941,6 +1941,24 @@ func TestConfigFlagsAndEdgecases(t *testing.T) {
 				rt.DataDir = dataDir
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			desc: "alias check with no node",
+			args: []string{
+				`-data-dir=` + dataDir,
+			},
+			json: []string{
+				`{ "check": { "name": "a", "alias_service": "foo" } }`,
+			},
+			hcl: []string{
+				`check = { name = "a", alias_service = "foo" }`,
+			},
+			patch: func(rt *RuntimeConfig) {
+				rt.Checks = []*structs.CheckDefinition{
+					&structs.CheckDefinition{Name: "a", AliasService: "foo"},
+				}
+				rt.DataDir = dataDir
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			desc: "multiple service files",
 			args: []string{
@@ -4271,6 +4289,8 @@ func TestSanitize(t *testing.T) {
     "CheckUpdateInterval": "0s",
     "Checks": [
         {
+            "AliasNode": "",
+            "AliasService": "",
             "DeregisterCriticalServiceAfter": "0s",
             "DockerContainerID": "",
             "GRPC": "",
@@ -4417,6 +4437,8 @@ func TestSanitize(t *testing.T) {
         {
             "Address": "",
             "Check": {
+                "AliasNode": "",
+                "AliasService": "",
                 "CheckID": "",
                 "DeregisterCriticalServiceAfter": "0s",
                 "DockerContainerID": "",
diff --git a/agent/local/state.go b/agent/local/state.go
index 1caca1f3d297..1f15f231a906 100644
--- a/agent/local/state.go
+++ b/agent/local/state.go
@@ -170,8 +170,9 @@ type State struct {
 	// Services tracks the local services
 	services map[string]*ServiceState
 
-	// Checks tracks the local checks
-	checks map[types.CheckID]*CheckState
+	// Checks tracks the local checks. checkAliases are aliased checks.
+	checks       map[types.CheckID]*CheckState
+	checkAliases map[string]map[types.CheckID]chan<- struct{}
 
 	// metadata tracks the node metadata fields
 	metadata map[string]string
@@ -205,6 +206,7 @@ func NewState(c Config, lg *log.Logger, tokens *token.Store) *State {
 		logger:               lg,
 		services:             make(map[string]*ServiceState),
 		checks:               make(map[types.CheckID]*CheckState),
+		checkAliases:         make(map[string]map[types.CheckID]chan<- struct{}),
 		metadata:             make(map[string]string),
 		tokens:               tokens,
 		managedProxies:       make(map[string]*ManagedProxy),
@@ -406,6 +408,40 @@ func (l *State) AddCheck(check *structs.HealthCheck, token string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// AddAliasCheck creates an alias check. When any check for the srcServiceID
+// is changed, checkID will reflect that using the same semantics as
+// checks.CheckAlias.
+//
+// This is a local optimization so that the Alias check doesn't need to
+// use blocking queries against the remote server for check updates for
+// local services.
+func (l *State) AddAliasCheck(checkID types.CheckID, srcServiceID string, notifyCh chan<- struct{}) error {
+	l.Lock()
+	defer l.Unlock()
+
+	m, ok := l.checkAliases[srcServiceID]
+	if !ok {
+		m = make(map[types.CheckID]chan<- struct{})
+		l.checkAliases[srcServiceID] = m
+	}
+	m[checkID] = notifyCh
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RemoveAliasCheck removes the mapping for the alias check.
+func (l *State) RemoveAliasCheck(checkID types.CheckID, srcServiceID string) {
+	l.Lock()
+	defer l.Unlock()
+
+	if m, ok := l.checkAliases[srcServiceID]; ok {
+		delete(m, checkID)
+		if len(m) == 0 {
+			delete(l.checkAliases, srcServiceID)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // RemoveCheck is used to remove a health check from the local state.
 // The agent will make a best effort to ensure it is deregistered
 // todo(fs): RemoveService returns an error for a non-existant service. RemoveCheck should as well.
@@ -486,6 +522,20 @@ func (l *State) UpdateCheck(id types.CheckID, status, output string) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	// If this is a check for an aliased service, then notify the waiters.
+	if aliases, ok := l.checkAliases[c.Check.ServiceID]; ok && len(aliases) > 0 {
+		for _, notifyCh := range aliases {
+			// Do not block. All notify channels should be buffered to at
+			// least 1 in which case not-blocking does not result in loss
+			// of data because a failed send means a notification is
+			// already queued. This must be called with the lock held.
+			select {
+			case notifyCh <- struct{}{}:
+			default:
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Update status and mark out of sync
 	c.Check.Status = status
 	c.Check.Output = output
diff --git a/agent/local/state_test.go b/agent/local/state_test.go
index 5c66a77d049f..3cdf2a28a1ab 100644
--- a/agent/local/state_test.go
+++ b/agent/local/state_test.go
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-memdb"
 
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
 	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/agent"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/agent/config"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/agent/local"
@@ -23,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/types"
 	"github.com/pascaldekloe/goe/verify"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
 func TestAgentAntiEntropy_Services(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1606,6 +1605,57 @@ func TestAgent_AddCheckFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestAgent_AliasCheck(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	require := require.New(t)
+	cfg := config.DefaultRuntimeConfig(`bind_addr = "127.0.0.1" data_dir = "dummy"`)
+	l := local.NewState(agent.LocalConfig(cfg), nil, new(token.Store))
+	l.TriggerSyncChanges = func() {}
+
+	// Add checks
+	require.NoError(l.AddService(&structs.NodeService{Service: "s1"}, ""))
+	require.NoError(l.AddService(&structs.NodeService{Service: "s2"}, ""))
+	require.NoError(l.AddCheck(&structs.HealthCheck{CheckID: types.CheckID("c1"), ServiceID: "s1"}, ""))
+	require.NoError(l.AddCheck(&structs.HealthCheck{CheckID: types.CheckID("c2"), ServiceID: "s2"}, ""))
+
+	// Add an alias
+	notifyCh := make(chan struct{}, 1)
+	require.NoError(l.AddAliasCheck(types.CheckID("a1"), "s1", notifyCh))
+
+	// Update and verify we get notified
+	l.UpdateCheck(types.CheckID("c1"), api.HealthCritical, "")
+	select {
+	case <-notifyCh:
+	default:
+		t.Fatal("notify not received")
+	}
+
+	// Update again and verify we do not get notified
+	l.UpdateCheck(types.CheckID("c1"), api.HealthCritical, "")
+	select {
+	case <-notifyCh:
+		t.Fatal("notify received")
+	default:
+	}
+
+	// Update other check and verify we do not get notified
+	l.UpdateCheck(types.CheckID("c2"), api.HealthCritical, "")
+	select {
+	case <-notifyCh:
+		t.Fatal("notify received")
+	default:
+	}
+
+	// Update change and verify we get notified
+	l.UpdateCheck(types.CheckID("c1"), api.HealthPassing, "")
+	select {
+	case <-notifyCh:
+	default:
+		t.Fatal("notify not received")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestAgent_sendCoordinate(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	a := agent.NewTestAgent(t.Name(), `
diff --git a/agent/structs/check_definition.go b/agent/structs/check_definition.go
index 0ee6c20495c9..42e9692fceeb 100644
--- a/agent/structs/check_definition.go
+++ b/agent/structs/check_definition.go
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ type CheckDefinition struct {
 	GRPC                           string
 	GRPCUseTLS                     bool
 	TLSSkipVerify                  bool
+	AliasNode                      string
+	AliasService                   string
 	Timeout                        time.Duration
 	TTL                            time.Duration
 	DeregisterCriticalServiceAfter time.Duration
@@ -63,6 +65,8 @@ func (c *CheckDefinition) CheckType() *CheckType {
 		Notes:   c.Notes,
 
 		ScriptArgs:        c.ScriptArgs,
+		AliasNode:         c.AliasNode,
+		AliasService:      c.AliasService,
 		HTTP:              c.HTTP,
 		GRPC:              c.GRPC,
 		GRPCUseTLS:        c.GRPCUseTLS,
diff --git a/agent/structs/check_type.go b/agent/structs/check_type.go
index 23a68307775c..43b76057c6af 100644
--- a/agent/structs/check_type.go
+++ b/agent/structs/check_type.go
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ import (
 )
 
 // CheckType is used to create either the CheckMonitor or the CheckTTL.
-// Six types are supported: Script, HTTP, TCP, Docker, TTL and GRPC. Script,
+// The following types are supported: Script, HTTP, TCP, Docker, TTL, GRPC, Alias. Script,
 // HTTP, Docker, TCP and GRPC all require Interval. Only one of the types may
 // to be provided: TTL or Script/Interval or HTTP/Interval or TCP/Interval or
-// Docker/Interval or GRPC/Interval.
+// Docker/Interval or GRPC/Interval or AliasService.
 type CheckType struct {
 	// fields already embedded in CheckDefinition
 	// Note: CheckType.CheckID == CheckDefinition.ID
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ type CheckType struct {
 	Method            string
 	TCP               string
 	Interval          time.Duration
+	AliasNode         string
+	AliasService      string
 	DockerContainerID string
 	Shell             string
 	GRPC              string
@@ -56,7 +58,13 @@ func (c *CheckType) Validate() error {
 	if intervalCheck && c.Interval <= 0 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Interval must be > 0 for Script, HTTP, or TCP checks")
 	}
-	if !intervalCheck && c.TTL <= 0 {
+	if intervalCheck && c.IsAlias() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Interval cannot be set for Alias checks")
+	}
+	if c.IsAlias() && c.TTL > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("TTL must be not be set for Alias checks")
+	}
+	if !intervalCheck && !c.IsAlias() && c.TTL <= 0 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("TTL must be > 0 for TTL checks")
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -67,6 +75,11 @@ func (c *CheckType) Empty() bool {
 	return reflect.DeepEqual(c, &CheckType{})
 }
 
+// IsAlias checks if this is an alias check.
+func (c *CheckType) IsAlias() bool {
+	return c.AliasNode != "" || c.AliasService != ""
+}
+
 // IsScript checks if this is a check that execs some kind of script.
 func (c *CheckType) IsScript() bool {
 	return len(c.ScriptArgs) > 0
diff --git a/website/source/api/agent/check.html.md b/website/source/api/agent/check.html.md
index 052693335aff..326811eea923 100644
--- a/website/source/api/agent/check.html.md
+++ b/website/source/api/agent/check.html.md
@@ -116,6 +116,16 @@ The table below shows this endpoint's support for
     continue to be accepted in future versions of Consul), and `Args` in Consul
     1.0.1 and later.
 
+- `AliasNode` `(string: "")` - Specifies the ID of the node for an alias check.
+  If no service is specified, the check will alias the health of the node.
+  If a service is specified, the check will alias the specified service on
+  this particular node.
+
+- `AliasService` `(string: "")` - Specifies the ID of a service for an
+  alias check. If the service is not registered with the same agent,
+  `AliasNode` must also be specified. Note this is the service _ID_ and
+  not the service _name_ (though they are very often the same).
+
 - `DockerContainerID` `(string: "")` - Specifies that the check is a Docker
   check, and Consul will evaluate the script every `Interval` in the given
   container using the specified `Shell`. Note that `Shell` is currently only
diff --git a/website/source/docs/agent/checks.html.md b/website/source/docs/agent/checks.html.md
index a563de5778a5..25520f2167c8 100644
--- a/website/source/docs/agent/checks.html.md
+++ b/website/source/docs/agent/checks.html.md
@@ -101,6 +101,17 @@ There are several different kinds of checks:
   TLS certificate is expected. Certificate verification can be turned off by setting the
   `tls_skip_verify` field to `true` in the check definition.
 
+* <a name="alias"></a>Alias - These checks alias the health state of another registered
+  node or service. The state of the check will be updated asynchronously,
+  but is nearly instant. For aliased services on the same agent, the local
+  state is monitored and no additional network resources are consumed. For
+  other services and nodes, the check maintains a blocking query over the
+  agent's connection with a current server and allows stale requests. If there
+  are any errors in watching the aliased node or service, the check state will be
+  critical. For the blocking query, the check will use the ACL token set
+  on the service or check definition or otherwise will fall back to the default ACL
+  token set with the agent (`acl_token`).
+
 ## Check Definition
 
 A script check:
@@ -165,7 +176,7 @@ A Docker check:
 
 ```javascript
 {
-"check": {
+  "check": {
     "id": "mem-util",
     "name": "Memory utilization",
     "docker_container_id": "f972c95ebf0e",
@@ -180,7 +191,7 @@ A gRPC check:
 
 ```javascript
 {
-"check": {
+  "check": {
     "id": "mem-util",
     "name": "Service health status",
     "grpc": "127.0.0.1:12345",
@@ -190,6 +201,17 @@ A gRPC check:
 }
 ```
 
+An alias check for a local service:
+
+```javascript
+{
+  "check": {
+    "id": "web-alias",
+    "alias_service": "web"
+  }
+}
+```
+
 Each type of definition must include a `name` and may optionally provide an
 `id` and `notes` field. The `id` must be unique per _agent_ otherwise only the
 last defined check with that `id` will be registered. If the `id` is not set
@@ -205,6 +227,8 @@ a TTL check via the HTTP interface can set the `notes` value.
 Checks may also contain a `token` field to provide an ACL token. This token is
 used for any interaction with the catalog for the check, including
 [anti-entropy syncs](/docs/internals/anti-entropy.html) and deregistration.
+For Alias checks, this token is used if a remote blocking query is necessary
+to watch the state of the aliased node or service.
 
 Script, TCP, HTTP, Docker, and gRPC checks must include an `interval` field. This
 field is parsed by Go's `time` package, and has the following