restclient.py

import sys
import urllib
import urllib2
import json
import time

class EnsemblRestClient(object):
    def __init__(self, server='http://beta.rest.ensembl.org', reqs_per_sec=3):
        self.server = server
        self.reqs_per_sec = reqs_per_sec
        self.req_count = 0
        self.last_req = 0

    def perform_rest_action(self, endpoint, hdrs=None, params=None):
        if hdrs is None:
            hdrs = {}

        if 'Content-Type' not in hdrs:
            hdrs['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'

        if params:
            endpoint += '?' + urllib.urlencode(params)

        data = None

        # check if we need to rate limit ourselves
        if self.req_count >= self.reqs_per_sec:
            delta = time.time() - self.last_req
            if delta < 1:
                time.sleep(1 - delta)
            self.last_req = time.time()
            self.req_count = 0
        
        try:
            request = urllib2.Request(self.server + endpoint, headers=hdrs)
            response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
            content = response.read()
            if content:
                data = json.loads(content)
            self.req_count += 1

        except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
            # check if we are being rate limited by the server
            if e.code == 429:
                if 'Retry-After' in e.headers:
                    retry = e.headers['Retry-After']
                    time.sleep(float(retry))
                    self.perform_rest_action(endpoint, hdrs, params)
            else:
                sys.stderr.write('Request failed for {0}: Status code: {1.code} Reason: {1.reason}\n'.format(endpoint, e))
           
        return data

    def get_variants(self, species, symbol):
        genes = self.perform_rest_action(
            '/xrefs/symbol/{0}/{1}'.format(species, symbol), 
            params={'object_type': 'gene'}
        )
        if genes:
            stable_id = genes[0]['id']
            variants = self.perform_rest_action(
                '/feature/id/{0}'.format(stable_id),
                params={'feature': 'variation'}
            )
            return variants
        return None


def run(species, symbol):
    client = EnsemblRestClient()
    variants = client.get_variants(species, symbol)
    if variants:
        for v in variants:
            print '{seq_region_name}:{start}-{end}:{strand} ==> {ID} ({consequence_type})'.format(**v);

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if len(sys.argv) == 3:
        species, symbol = sys.argv[1:]
    else:
        species, symbol = 'human', 'BRAF'

    run(species, symbol)