diff --git a/js/bundle.go b/js/bundle.go
index 821b42acf039..c79f4a75fc8f 100644
--- a/js/bundle.go
+++ b/js/bundle.go
@@ -436,6 +436,19 @@ func (b *Bundle) setInitGlobals(rt *sobek.Runtime, vu *moduleVUImpl, modSys *mod
 		}
 		return openImpl(rt, b.filesystems["file"], pwd, filename, args...)
 	})
+	warnAboutModuleMixing := func(name string) {
+		warnFunc := rt.ToValue(func() error {
+			return fmt.Errorf(
+				"you are trying to access identifier %q, this likely is due to mixing ESM and CommonJS syntax",
+				name)
+		})
+		err := rt.GlobalObject().DefineAccessorProperty(name, warnFunc, warnFunc, sobek.FLAG_FALSE, sobek.FLAG_FALSE)
+		if err != nil {
+			panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to set '%s' global object: %w", name, err))
+		}
+	}
+	warnAboutModuleMixing("module")
+	warnAboutModuleMixing("exports")
 }
 
 func generateFileLoad(b *Bundle) modules.FileLoader {
diff --git a/js/module_loading_test.go b/js/module_loading_test.go
index 7f08669760aa..b6fe3859c8d0 100644
--- a/js/module_loading_test.go
+++ b/js/module_loading_test.go
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ func TestLoadExportsIsntUsableInModule(t *testing.T) {
 			initVU, err := r.NewVU(ctx, 1, 1, ch)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			vu := initVU.Activate(&lib.VUActivationParams{RunContext: ctx})
-			require.ErrorContains(t, vu.RunOnce(), "ReferenceError: exports is not defined")
+			require.ErrorContains(t, vu.RunOnce(), `you are trying to access identifier "exports"`)
 		})
 	}
 }