exceptions.py

# Copyright 2014 Google LLC
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""Exceptions raised by Google API core & clients.

This module provides base classes for all errors raised by libraries based
on :mod:`google.api_core`, including both HTTP and gRPC clients.
"""

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import unicode_literals

import http.client
from typing import Dict
from typing import Union

from google.rpc import error_details_pb2

try:
    import grpc
    from grpc_status import rpc_status
except ImportError:  # pragma: NO COVER
    grpc = None
    rpc_status = None

# Lookup tables for mapping exceptions from HTTP and gRPC transports.
# Populated by _GoogleAPICallErrorMeta
_HTTP_CODE_TO_EXCEPTION: Dict[int, Exception] = {}
_GRPC_CODE_TO_EXCEPTION: Dict[int, Exception] = {}

# Additional lookup table to map integer status codes to grpc status code
# grpc does not currently support initializing enums from ints
# i.e., grpc.StatusCode(5) raises an error
_INT_TO_GRPC_CODE = {}
if grpc is not None:  # pragma: no branch
    for x in grpc.StatusCode:
        _INT_TO_GRPC_CODE[x.value[0]] = x


class GoogleAPIError(Exception):
    """Base class for all exceptions raised by Google API Clients."""

    pass


class DuplicateCredentialArgs(GoogleAPIError):
    """Raised when multiple credentials are passed."""

    pass


class RetryError(GoogleAPIError):
    """Raised when a function has exhausted all of its available retries.

    Args:
        message (str): The exception message.
        cause (Exception): The last exception raised when retring the
            function.
    """

    def __init__(self, message, cause):
        super(RetryError, self).__init__(message)
        self.message = message
        self._cause = cause

    @property
    def cause(self):
        """The last exception raised when retrying the function."""
        return self._cause

    def __str__(self):
        return "{}, last exception: {}".format(self.message, self.cause)


class _GoogleAPICallErrorMeta(type):
    """Metaclass for registering GoogleAPICallError subclasses."""

    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, class_dict):
        cls = type.__new__(mcs, name, bases, class_dict)
        if cls.code is not None:
            _HTTP_CODE_TO_EXCEPTION.setdefault(cls.code, cls)
        if cls.grpc_status_code is not None:
            _GRPC_CODE_TO_EXCEPTION.setdefault(cls.grpc_status_code, cls)
        return cls


class GoogleAPICallError(GoogleAPIError, metaclass=_GoogleAPICallErrorMeta):
    """Base class for exceptions raised by calling API methods.

    Args:
        message (str): The exception message.
        errors (Sequence[Any]): An optional list of error details.
        details (Sequence[Any]): An optional list of objects defined in google.rpc.error_details.
        response (Union[requests.Request, grpc.Call]): The response or
            gRPC call metadata.
        error_info (Union[error_details_pb2.ErrorInfo, None]): An optional object containing error info
            (google.rpc.error_details.ErrorInfo).
    """

    code: Union[int, None] = None
    """Optional[int]: The HTTP status code associated with this error.

    This may be ``None`` if the exception does not have a direct mapping
    to an HTTP error.

    See http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html
    """

    grpc_status_code = None
    """Optional[grpc.StatusCode]: The gRPC status code associated with this
    error.

    This may be ``None`` if the exception does not match up to a gRPC error.
    """

    def __init__(self, message, errors=(), details=(), response=None, error_info=None):
        super(GoogleAPICallError, self).__init__(message)
        self.message = message
        """str: The exception message."""
        self._errors = errors
        self._details = details
        self._response = response
        self._error_info = error_info

    def __str__(self):
        if self.details:
            return "{} {} {}".format(self.code, self.message, self.details)
        else:
            return "{} {}".format(self.code, self.message)

    @property
    def reason(self):
        """The reason of the error.

        Reference:
            https://github.com/googleapis/googleapis/blob/master/google/rpc/error_details.proto#L112

        Returns:
            Union[str, None]: An optional string containing reason of the error.
        """
        return self._error_info.reason if self._error_info else None

    @property
    def domain(self):
        """The logical grouping to which the "reason" belongs.

        Reference:
            https://github.com/googleapis/googleapis/blob/master/google/rpc/error_details.proto#L112

        Returns:
            Union[str, None]: An optional string containing a logical grouping to which the "reason" belongs.
        """
        return self._error_info.domain if self._error_info else None

    @property
    def metadata(self):
        """Additional structured details about this error.

        Reference:
            https://github.com/googleapis/googleapis/blob/master/google/rpc/error_details.proto#L112

        Returns:
            Union[Dict[str, str], None]: An optional object containing structured details about the error.
        """
        return self._error_info.metadata if self._error_info else None

    @property
    def errors(self):
        """Detailed error information.

        Returns:
            Sequence[Any]: A list of additional error details.
        """
        return list(self._errors)

    @property
    def details(self):
        """Information contained in google.rpc.status.details.

        Reference:
            https://github.com/googleapis/googleapis/blob/master/google/rpc/status.proto
            https://github.com/googleapis/googleapis/blob/master/google/rpc/error_details.proto

        Returns:
            Sequence[Any]: A list of structured objects from error_details.proto
       """
        return list(self._details)

    @property
    def response(self):
        """Optional[Union[requests.Request, grpc.Call]]: The response or
        gRPC call metadata."""
        return self._response


class Redirection(GoogleAPICallError):
    """Base class for for all redirection (HTTP 3xx) responses."""


class MovedPermanently(Redirection):
    """Exception mapping a ``301 Moved Permanently`` response."""

    code = http.client.MOVED_PERMANENTLY


class NotModified(Redirection):
    """Exception mapping a ``304 Not Modified`` response."""

    code = http.client.NOT_MODIFIED


class TemporaryRedirect(Redirection):
    """Exception mapping a ``307 Temporary Redirect`` response."""

    code = http.client.TEMPORARY_REDIRECT


class ResumeIncomplete(Redirection):
    """Exception mapping a ``308 Resume Incomplete`` response.

    .. note:: :attr:`http.client.PERMANENT_REDIRECT` is ``308``, but Google
        APIs differ in their use of this status code.
    """

    code = 308


class ClientError(GoogleAPICallError):
    """Base class for all client error (HTTP 4xx) responses."""


class BadRequest(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``400 Bad Request`` response."""

    code = http.client.BAD_REQUEST


class InvalidArgument(BadRequest):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.INVALID_ARGUMENT` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.INVALID_ARGUMENT if grpc is not None else None


class FailedPrecondition(BadRequest):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.FAILED_PRECONDITION`
    error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.FAILED_PRECONDITION if grpc is not None else None


class OutOfRange(BadRequest):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.OUT_OF_RANGE` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.OUT_OF_RANGE if grpc is not None else None


class Unauthorized(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``401 Unauthorized`` response."""

    code = http.client.UNAUTHORIZED


class Unauthenticated(Unauthorized):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.UNAUTHENTICATED` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.UNAUTHENTICATED if grpc is not None else None


class Forbidden(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``403 Forbidden`` response."""

    code = http.client.FORBIDDEN


class PermissionDenied(Forbidden):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.PERMISSION_DENIED` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.PERMISSION_DENIED if grpc is not None else None


class NotFound(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``404 Not Found`` response or a
    :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.NOT_FOUND` error."""

    code = http.client.NOT_FOUND
    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.NOT_FOUND if grpc is not None else None


class MethodNotAllowed(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``405 Method Not Allowed`` response."""

    code = http.client.METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED


class Conflict(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``409 Conflict`` response."""

    code = http.client.CONFLICT


class AlreadyExists(Conflict):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.ALREADY_EXISTS` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.ALREADY_EXISTS if grpc is not None else None


class Aborted(Conflict):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.ABORTED` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.ABORTED if grpc is not None else None


class LengthRequired(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``411 Length Required`` response."""

    code = http.client.LENGTH_REQUIRED


class PreconditionFailed(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``412 Precondition Failed`` response."""

    code = http.client.PRECONDITION_FAILED


class RequestRangeNotSatisfiable(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``416 Request Range Not Satisfiable`` response."""

    code = http.client.REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE


class TooManyRequests(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a ``429 Too Many Requests`` response."""

    code = http.client.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS


class ResourceExhausted(TooManyRequests):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED if grpc is not None else None


class Cancelled(ClientError):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.CANCELLED` error."""

    # This maps to HTTP status code 499. See
    # https://github.com/googleapis/googleapis/blob/master/google/rpc/code.proto
    code = 499
    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.CANCELLED if grpc is not None else None


class ServerError(GoogleAPICallError):
    """Base for 5xx responses."""


class InternalServerError(ServerError):
    """Exception mapping a ``500 Internal Server Error`` response. or a
    :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.INTERNAL` error."""

    code = http.client.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.INTERNAL if grpc is not None else None


class Unknown(ServerError):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.UNKNOWN` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.UNKNOWN if grpc is not None else None


class DataLoss(ServerError):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.DATA_LOSS` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.DATA_LOSS if grpc is not None else None


class MethodNotImplemented(ServerError):
    """Exception mapping a ``501 Not Implemented`` response or a
    :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.UNIMPLEMENTED` error."""

    code = http.client.NOT_IMPLEMENTED
    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.UNIMPLEMENTED if grpc is not None else None


class BadGateway(ServerError):
    """Exception mapping a ``502 Bad Gateway`` response."""

    code = http.client.BAD_GATEWAY


class ServiceUnavailable(ServerError):
    """Exception mapping a ``503 Service Unavailable`` response or a
    :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.UNAVAILABLE` error."""

    code = http.client.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE
    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.UNAVAILABLE if grpc is not None else None


class GatewayTimeout(ServerError):
    """Exception mapping a ``504 Gateway Timeout`` response."""

    code = http.client.GATEWAY_TIMEOUT


class DeadlineExceeded(GatewayTimeout):
    """Exception mapping a :attr:`grpc.StatusCode.DEADLINE_EXCEEDED` error."""

    grpc_status_code = grpc.StatusCode.DEADLINE_EXCEEDED if grpc is not None else None


def exception_class_for_http_status(status_code):
    """Return the exception class for a specific HTTP status code.

    Args:
        status_code (int): The HTTP status code.

    Returns:
        :func:`type`: the appropriate subclass of :class:`GoogleAPICallError`.
    """
    return _HTTP_CODE_TO_EXCEPTION.get(status_code, GoogleAPICallError)


def from_http_status(status_code, message, **kwargs):
    """Create a :class:`GoogleAPICallError` from an HTTP status code.

    Args:
        status_code (int): The HTTP status code.
        message (str): The exception message.
        kwargs: Additional arguments passed to the :class:`GoogleAPICallError`
            constructor.

    Returns:
        GoogleAPICallError: An instance of the appropriate subclass of
            :class:`GoogleAPICallError`.
    """
    error_class = exception_class_for_http_status(status_code)
    error = error_class(message, **kwargs)

    if error.code is None:
        error.code = status_code

    return error


def from_http_response(response):
    """Create a :class:`GoogleAPICallError` from a :class:`requests.Response`.

    Args:
        response (requests.Response): The HTTP response.

    Returns:
        GoogleAPICallError: An instance of the appropriate subclass of
            :class:`GoogleAPICallError`, with the message and errors populated
            from the response.
    """
    try:
        payload = response.json()
    except ValueError:
        payload = {"error": {"message": response.text or "unknown error"}}

    error_message = payload.get("error", {}).get("message", "unknown error")
    errors = payload.get("error", {}).get("errors", ())
    # In JSON, details are already formatted in developer-friendly way.
    details = payload.get("error", {}).get("details", ())
    error_info = list(
        filter(
            lambda detail: detail.get("@type", "")
            == "type.googleapis.com/google.rpc.ErrorInfo",
            details,
        )
    )
    error_info = error_info[0] if error_info else None

    message = "{method} {url}: {error}".format(
        method=response.request.method, url=response.request.url, error=error_message,
    )

    exception = from_http_status(
        response.status_code,
        message,
        errors=errors,
        details=details,
        response=response,
        error_info=error_info,
    )
    return exception


def exception_class_for_grpc_status(status_code):
    """Return the exception class for a specific :class:`grpc.StatusCode`.

    Args:
        status_code (grpc.StatusCode): The gRPC status code.

    Returns:
        :func:`type`: the appropriate subclass of :class:`GoogleAPICallError`.
    """
    return _GRPC_CODE_TO_EXCEPTION.get(status_code, GoogleAPICallError)


def from_grpc_status(status_code, message, **kwargs):
    """Create a :class:`GoogleAPICallError` from a :class:`grpc.StatusCode`.

    Args:
        status_code (Union[grpc.StatusCode, int]): The gRPC status code.
        message (str): The exception message.
        kwargs: Additional arguments passed to the :class:`GoogleAPICallError`
            constructor.

    Returns:
        GoogleAPICallError: An instance of the appropriate subclass of
            :class:`GoogleAPICallError`.
    """

    if isinstance(status_code, int):
        status_code = _INT_TO_GRPC_CODE.get(status_code, status_code)

    error_class = exception_class_for_grpc_status(status_code)
    error = error_class(message, **kwargs)

    if error.grpc_status_code is None:
        error.grpc_status_code = status_code

    return error


def _is_informative_grpc_error(rpc_exc):
    return hasattr(rpc_exc, "code") and hasattr(rpc_exc, "details")


def _parse_grpc_error_details(rpc_exc):
    try:
        status = rpc_status.from_call(rpc_exc)
    except NotImplementedError:  # workaround
        return [], None

    if not status:
        return [], None

    possible_errors = [
        error_details_pb2.BadRequest,
        error_details_pb2.PreconditionFailure,
        error_details_pb2.QuotaFailure,
        error_details_pb2.ErrorInfo,
        error_details_pb2.RetryInfo,
        error_details_pb2.ResourceInfo,
        error_details_pb2.RequestInfo,
        error_details_pb2.DebugInfo,
        error_details_pb2.Help,
        error_details_pb2.LocalizedMessage,
    ]
    error_info = None
    error_details = []
    for detail in status.details:
        matched_detail_cls = list(
            filter(lambda x: detail.Is(x.DESCRIPTOR), possible_errors)
        )
        # If nothing matched, use detail directly.
        if len(matched_detail_cls) == 0:
            info = detail
        else:
            info = matched_detail_cls[0]()
            detail.Unpack(info)
        error_details.append(info)
        if isinstance(info, error_details_pb2.ErrorInfo):
            error_info = info
    return error_details, error_info


def from_grpc_error(rpc_exc):
    """Create a :class:`GoogleAPICallError` from a :class:`grpc.RpcError`.

    Args:
        rpc_exc (grpc.RpcError): The gRPC error.

    Returns:
        GoogleAPICallError: An instance of the appropriate subclass of
            :class:`GoogleAPICallError`.
    """
    # NOTE(lidiz) All gRPC error shares the parent class grpc.RpcError.
    # However, check for grpc.RpcError breaks backward compatibility.
    if isinstance(rpc_exc, grpc.Call) or _is_informative_grpc_error(rpc_exc):
        details, err_info = _parse_grpc_error_details(rpc_exc)
        return from_grpc_status(
            rpc_exc.code(),
            rpc_exc.details(),
            errors=(rpc_exc,),
            details=details,
            response=rpc_exc,
            error_info=err_info,
        )
    else:
        return GoogleAPICallError(str(rpc_exc), errors=(rpc_exc,), response=rpc_exc)