diff --git a/.github/.OwlBot.lock.yaml b/.github/.OwlBot.lock.yaml
index 278e98ced..a3a3420de 100644
--- a/.github/.OwlBot.lock.yaml
+++ b/.github/.OwlBot.lock.yaml
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 docker:
-  digest: sha256:c3eae37a355402067b97cbeb6f5a7d2dd87aecfd064aeb2d2ea0bde40778cf68
-  image: gcr.io/repo-automation-bots/owlbot-nodejs:latest  
-
+  image: gcr.io/repo-automation-bots/owlbot-nodejs:latest
+  digest: sha256:f93bb861d6f12574437bb9aee426b71eafd63b419669ff0ed029f4b7e7162e3f
diff --git a/.github/generated-files-bot.yml b/.github/generated-files-bot.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1b3ef1c78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/generated-files-bot.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+generatedFiles:
+- path: '.kokoro/**'
+  message: '`.kokoro` files are templated and should be updated in [`synthtool`](https://github.com/googleapis/synthtool)'
+- path: '.github/CODEOWNERS'
+  message: 'CODEOWNERS should instead be modified via the `codeowner_team` property in .repo-metadata.json'
+- path: '.github/workflows/**'
+  message: '`.github/workflows` (GitHub Actions) should be updated in [`synthtool`](https://github.com/googleapis/synthtool)'
+- path: '.github/generated-files-bot.+(yml|yaml)'
+  message: '`.github/generated-files-bot.(yml|yaml)` should be updated in [`synthtool`](https://github.com/googleapis/synthtool)'
+- path: 'README.md'
+  message: '`README.md` is managed by [`synthtool`](https://github.com/googleapis/synthtool). However, a partials file can be used to update the README, e.g.: https://github.com/googleapis/nodejs-storage/blob/master/.readme-partials.yaml'
+- path: 'samples/README.md'
+  message: '`samples/README.md` is managed by [`synthtool`](https://github.com/googleapis/synthtool). However, a partials file can be used to update the README, e.g.: https://github.com/googleapis/nodejs-storage/blob/master/.readme-partials.yaml'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
index 3df11de40..891c92531 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 on:
   push:
     branches:
-      - $default-branch
+      - master
   pull_request:
 name: ci
 jobs:
diff --git a/protos/protos.d.ts b/protos/protos.d.ts
index 2bc15192a..53b30b43d 100644
--- a/protos/protos.d.ts
+++ b/protos/protos.d.ts
@@ -4891,7 +4891,7 @@ export namespace google {
                 public time?: (google.protobuf.ITimestamp|null);
 
                 /** SeekRequest snapshot. */
-                public snapshot: string;
+                public snapshot?: (string|null);
 
                 /** SeekRequest target. */
                 public target?: ("time"|"snapshot");
@@ -6024,7 +6024,7 @@ export namespace google {
                 public parent: string;
 
                 /** ValidateMessageRequest name. */
-                public name: string;
+                public name?: (string|null);
 
                 /** ValidateMessageRequest schema. */
                 public schema?: (google.pubsub.v1.ISchema|null);
@@ -6348,19 +6348,19 @@ export namespace google {
             public selector: string;
 
             /** HttpRule get. */
-            public get: string;
+            public get?: (string|null);
 
             /** HttpRule put. */
-            public put: string;
+            public put?: (string|null);
 
             /** HttpRule post. */
-            public post: string;
+            public post?: (string|null);
 
             /** HttpRule delete. */
-            public delete: string;
+            public delete?: (string|null);
 
             /** HttpRule patch. */
-            public patch: string;
+            public patch?: (string|null);
 
             /** HttpRule custom. */
             public custom?: (google.api.ICustomHttpPattern|null);
diff --git a/protos/protos.js b/protos/protos.js
index 2d3c27e71..9290302f9 100644
--- a/protos/protos.js
+++ b/protos/protos.js
@@ -11168,11 +11168,11 @@
     
                     /**
                      * SeekRequest snapshot.
-                     * @member {string} snapshot
+                     * @member {string|null|undefined} snapshot
                      * @memberof google.pubsub.v1.SeekRequest
                      * @instance
                      */
-                    SeekRequest.prototype.snapshot = "";
+                    SeekRequest.prototype.snapshot = null;
     
                     // OneOf field names bound to virtual getters and setters
                     var $oneOfFields;
@@ -13629,11 +13629,11 @@
     
                     /**
                      * ValidateMessageRequest name.
-                     * @member {string} name
+                     * @member {string|null|undefined} name
                      * @memberof google.pubsub.v1.ValidateMessageRequest
                      * @instance
                      */
-                    ValidateMessageRequest.prototype.name = "";
+                    ValidateMessageRequest.prototype.name = null;
     
                     /**
                      * ValidateMessageRequest schema.
@@ -14391,43 +14391,43 @@
     
                 /**
                  * HttpRule get.
-                 * @member {string} get
+                 * @member {string|null|undefined} get
                  * @memberof google.api.HttpRule
                  * @instance
                  */
-                HttpRule.prototype.get = "";
+                HttpRule.prototype.get = null;
     
                 /**
                  * HttpRule put.
-                 * @member {string} put
+                 * @member {string|null|undefined} put
                  * @memberof google.api.HttpRule
                  * @instance
                  */
-                HttpRule.prototype.put = "";
+                HttpRule.prototype.put = null;
     
                 /**
                  * HttpRule post.
-                 * @member {string} post
+                 * @member {string|null|undefined} post
                  * @memberof google.api.HttpRule
                  * @instance
                  */
-                HttpRule.prototype.post = "";
+                HttpRule.prototype.post = null;
     
                 /**
                  * HttpRule delete.
-                 * @member {string} delete
+                 * @member {string|null|undefined} delete
                  * @memberof google.api.HttpRule
                  * @instance
                  */
-                HttpRule.prototype["delete"] = "";
+                HttpRule.prototype["delete"] = null;
     
                 /**
                  * HttpRule patch.
-                 * @member {string} patch
+                 * @member {string|null|undefined} patch
                  * @memberof google.api.HttpRule
                  * @instance
                  */
-                HttpRule.prototype.patch = "";
+                HttpRule.prototype.patch = null;
     
                 /**
                  * HttpRule custom.
diff --git a/src/iam.ts b/src/iam.ts
index 9dbfb2dc8..b49092812 100644
--- a/src/iam.ts
+++ b/src/iam.ts
@@ -379,13 +379,12 @@ export class IAM {
         }
 
         const availablePermissions = arrify(resp!.permissions!);
-        const permissionHash: IamPermissionsMap = (permissions as string[]).reduce(
-          (acc, permission) => {
-            acc[permission] = availablePermissions.indexOf(permission) > -1;
-            return acc;
-          },
-          {} as {[key: string]: boolean}
-        );
+        const permissionHash: IamPermissionsMap = (
+          permissions as string[]
+        ).reduce((acc, permission) => {
+          acc[permission] = availablePermissions.indexOf(permission) > -1;
+          return acc;
+        }, {} as {[key: string]: boolean});
         callback!(null, permissionHash, resp!);
       }
     );
diff --git a/src/publisher/index.ts b/src/publisher/index.ts
index a567232dd..914617b28 100644
--- a/src/publisher/index.ts
+++ b/src/publisher/index.ts
@@ -245,12 +245,8 @@ export class Publisher {
   setOptions(options = {} as PublishOptions): void {
     const defaults = this.getOptionDefaults();
 
-    const {
-      batching,
-      gaxOpts,
-      messageOrdering,
-      enableOpenTelemetryTracing,
-    } = extend(true, defaults, options);
+    const {batching, gaxOpts, messageOrdering, enableOpenTelemetryTracing} =
+      extend(true, defaults, options);
 
     this.settings = {
       batching: {
@@ -325,9 +321,8 @@ export class Publisher {
         message.attributes = {};
       }
 
-      message.attributes[
-        'googclient_OpenTelemetrySpanContext'
-      ] = JSON.stringify(span.context());
+      message.attributes['googclient_OpenTelemetrySpanContext'] =
+        JSON.stringify(span.context());
     }
 
     return span;
diff --git a/src/pubsub.ts b/src/pubsub.ts
index 94f033911..9e8d95886 100644
--- a/src/pubsub.ts
+++ b/src/pubsub.ts
@@ -664,9 +664,8 @@ export class PubSub {
     // If this looks like a GCP URL of some kind, don't go into emulator
     // mode. Otherwise, supply a fake SSL provider so a real cert isn't
     // required for running the emulator.
-    const officialUrlMatch = this.options.servicePath!.endsWith(
-      '.googleapis.com'
-    );
+    const officialUrlMatch =
+      this.options.servicePath!.endsWith('.googleapis.com');
     if (!officialUrlMatch) {
       const grpcInstance = this.options.grpc || gax.grpc;
       this.options.sslCreds = grpcInstance.credentials.createInsecure();
diff --git a/src/subscriber.ts b/src/subscriber.ts
index bff1bb98d..0c236ae73 100644
--- a/src/subscriber.ts
+++ b/src/subscriber.ts
@@ -429,9 +429,8 @@ export class Subscriber extends EventEmitter {
         options.streamingOptions = {} as MessageStreamOptions;
       }
 
-      const {
-        maxStreams = defaultOptions.subscription.maxStreams,
-      } = options.streamingOptions;
+      const {maxStreams = defaultOptions.subscription.maxStreams} =
+        options.streamingOptions;
       options.streamingOptions.maxStreams = Math.min(
         maxStreams,
         this.maxMessages
@@ -471,8 +470,9 @@ export class Subscriber extends EventEmitter {
       [MessagingAttribute.MESSAGING_DESTINATION_KIND]: 'topic',
       [MessagingAttribute.MESSAGING_MESSAGE_ID]: message.id,
       [MessagingAttribute.MESSAGING_PROTOCOL]: 'pubsub',
-      [MessagingAttribute.MESSAGING_MESSAGE_PAYLOAD_SIZE_BYTES]: (message.data as Buffer)
-        .length,
+      [MessagingAttribute.MESSAGING_MESSAGE_PAYLOAD_SIZE_BYTES]: (
+        message.data as Buffer
+      ).length,
       // Not in Opentelemetry semantic convention but mimics naming
       'messaging.pubsub.received_at': message.received,
       'messaging.pubsub.acknowlege_id': message.ackId,
diff --git a/src/topic.ts b/src/topic.ts
index 09d0dea1f..4e82a0f3e 100644
--- a/src/topic.ts
+++ b/src/topic.ts
@@ -573,12 +573,13 @@ export class Topic {
     const options = typeof optsOrCallback === 'object' ? optsOrCallback : {};
     callback = typeof optsOrCallback === 'function' ? optsOrCallback : callback;
 
-    const reqOpts: google.pubsub.v1.IListTopicSubscriptionsRequest = Object.assign(
-      {
-        topic: this.name,
-      },
-      options as SubscriptionOptions
-    );
+    const reqOpts: google.pubsub.v1.IListTopicSubscriptionsRequest =
+      Object.assign(
+        {
+          topic: this.name,
+        },
+        options as SubscriptionOptions
+      );
 
     delete (reqOpts as PageOptions).gaxOpts;
     delete (reqOpts as PageOptions).autoPaginate;
diff --git a/src/v1/publisher_client.ts b/src/v1/publisher_client.ts
index b2c771d48..af450c13d 100644
--- a/src/v1/publisher_client.ts
+++ b/src/v1/publisher_client.ts
@@ -269,13 +269,14 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     ];
     for (const methodName of publisherStubMethods) {
       const callPromise = this.publisherStub.then(
-        stub => (...args: Array<{}>) => {
-          if (this._terminated) {
-            return Promise.reject('The client has already been closed.');
-          }
-          const func = stub[methodName];
-          return func.apply(stub, args);
-        },
+        stub =>
+          (...args: Array<{}>) => {
+            if (this._terminated) {
+              return Promise.reject('The client has already been closed.');
+            }
+            const func = stub[methodName];
+            return func.apply(stub, args);
+          },
         (err: Error | null | undefined) => () => {
           throw err;
         }
@@ -452,11 +453,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      name: request.name || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        name: request.name || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.createTopic(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -543,11 +543,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      'topic.name': request.topic!.name || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        'topic.name': request.topic!.name || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.updateTopic(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -631,11 +630,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.publish(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -716,11 +714,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.getTopic(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -805,11 +802,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.deleteTopic(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -893,11 +889,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      subscription: request.subscription || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        subscription: request.subscription || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.detachSubscription(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -988,11 +983,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.listTopics(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1030,11 +1024,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listTopics.createStream(
@@ -1083,17 +1076,16 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     options = options || {};
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listTopics.asyncIterate(
       this.innerApiCalls['listTopics'] as GaxCall,
-      (request as unknown) as RequestType,
+      request as unknown as RequestType,
       callSettings
     ) as AsyncIterable<protos.google.pubsub.v1.ITopic>;
   }
@@ -1191,11 +1183,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.listTopicSubscriptions(
       request,
@@ -1237,11 +1228,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.createStream(
@@ -1290,17 +1280,16 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     options = options || {};
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.asyncIterate(
       this.innerApiCalls['listTopicSubscriptions'] as GaxCall,
-      (request as unknown) as RequestType,
+      request as unknown as RequestType,
       callSettings
     ) as AsyncIterable<string>;
   }
@@ -1396,11 +1385,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.listTopicSnapshots(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1438,11 +1426,10 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.createStream(
@@ -1491,17 +1478,16 @@ export class PublisherClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      topic: request.topic || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        topic: request.topic || '',
+      });
     options = options || {};
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate(
       this.innerApiCalls['listTopicSnapshots'] as GaxCall,
-      (request as unknown) as RequestType,
+      request as unknown as RequestType,
       callSettings
     ) as AsyncIterable<string>;
   }
diff --git a/src/v1/schema_service_client.ts b/src/v1/schema_service_client.ts
index 23038577f..7810a7d07 100644
--- a/src/v1/schema_service_client.ts
+++ b/src/v1/schema_service_client.ts
@@ -238,13 +238,14 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     ];
     for (const methodName of schemaServiceStubMethods) {
       const callPromise = this.schemaServiceStub.then(
-        stub => (...args: Array<{}>) => {
-          if (this._terminated) {
-            return Promise.reject('The client has already been closed.');
-          }
-          const func = stub[methodName];
-          return func.apply(stub, args);
-        },
+        stub =>
+          (...args: Array<{}>) => {
+            if (this._terminated) {
+              return Promise.reject('The client has already been closed.');
+            }
+            const func = stub[methodName];
+            return func.apply(stub, args);
+          },
         (err: Error | null | undefined) => () => {
           throw err;
         }
@@ -408,11 +409,10 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      parent: request.parent || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        parent: request.parent || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.createSchema(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -497,11 +497,10 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      name: request.name || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        name: request.name || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.getSchema(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -582,11 +581,10 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      name: request.name || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        name: request.name || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.deleteSchema(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -669,11 +667,10 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      parent: request.parent || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        parent: request.parent || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.validateSchema(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -764,11 +761,10 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      parent: request.parent || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        parent: request.parent || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.validateMessage(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -863,11 +859,10 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      parent: request.parent || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        parent: request.parent || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.listSchemas(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -909,11 +904,10 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      parent: request.parent || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        parent: request.parent || '',
+      });
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listSchemas.createStream(
@@ -966,17 +960,16 @@ export class SchemaServiceClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      parent: request.parent || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        parent: request.parent || '',
+      });
     options = options || {};
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listSchemas.asyncIterate(
       this.innerApiCalls['listSchemas'] as GaxCall,
-      (request as unknown) as RequestType,
+      request as unknown as RequestType,
       callSettings
     ) as AsyncIterable<protos.google.pubsub.v1.ISchema>;
   }
diff --git a/src/v1/subscriber_client.ts b/src/v1/subscriber_client.ts
index 258740cb7..b619413a3 100644
--- a/src/v1/subscriber_client.ts
+++ b/src/v1/subscriber_client.ts
@@ -263,13 +263,14 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     ];
     for (const methodName of subscriberStubMethods) {
       const callPromise = this.subscriberStub.then(
-        stub => (...args: Array<{}>) => {
-          if (this._terminated) {
-            return Promise.reject('The client has already been closed.');
-          }
-          const func = stub[methodName];
-          return func.apply(stub, args);
-        },
+        stub =>
+          (...args: Array<{}>) => {
+            if (this._terminated) {
+              return Promise.reject('The client has already been closed.');
+            }
+            const func = stub[methodName];
+            return func.apply(stub, args);
+          },
         (err: Error | null | undefined) => () => {
           throw err;
         }
@@ -524,11 +525,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      name: request.name || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        name: request.name || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.createSubscription(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -609,11 +609,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      subscription: request.subscription || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        subscription: request.subscription || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.getSubscription(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -697,11 +696,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      'subscription.name': request.subscription!.name || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        'subscription.name': request.subscription!.name || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.updateSubscription(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -786,11 +784,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      subscription: request.subscription || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        subscription: request.subscription || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.deleteSubscription(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -886,11 +883,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      subscription: request.subscription || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        subscription: request.subscription || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.modifyAckDeadline(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -981,11 +977,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      subscription: request.subscription || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        subscription: request.subscription || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.acknowledge(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1080,11 +1075,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      subscription: request.subscription || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        subscription: request.subscription || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.pull(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1177,11 +1171,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      subscription: request.subscription || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        subscription: request.subscription || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.modifyPushConfig(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1266,11 +1259,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      snapshot: request.snapshot || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        snapshot: request.snapshot || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.getSnapshot(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1383,11 +1375,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      name: request.name || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        name: request.name || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.createSnapshot(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1475,11 +1466,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      'snapshot.name': request.snapshot!.name || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        'snapshot.name': request.snapshot!.name || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.updateSnapshot(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1568,11 +1558,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      snapshot: request.snapshot || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        snapshot: request.snapshot || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.deleteSnapshot(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1674,11 +1663,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      subscription: request.subscription || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        subscription: request.subscription || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.seek(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1799,11 +1787,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.listSubscriptions(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -1841,11 +1828,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.createStream(
@@ -1894,17 +1880,16 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     options = options || {};
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate(
       this.innerApiCalls['listSubscriptions'] as GaxCall,
-      (request as unknown) as RequestType,
+      request as unknown as RequestType,
       callSettings
     ) as AsyncIterable<protos.google.pubsub.v1.ISubscription>;
   }
@@ -1998,11 +1983,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     this.initialize();
     return this.innerApiCalls.listSnapshots(request, options, callback);
   }
@@ -2040,11 +2024,10 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.createStream(
@@ -2093,17 +2076,16 @@ export class SubscriberClient {
     options = options || {};
     options.otherArgs = options.otherArgs || {};
     options.otherArgs.headers = options.otherArgs.headers || {};
-    options.otherArgs.headers[
-      'x-goog-request-params'
-    ] = gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
-      project: request.project || '',
-    });
+    options.otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'] =
+      gax.routingHeader.fromParams({
+        project: request.project || '',
+      });
     options = options || {};
     const callSettings = new gax.CallSettings(options);
     this.initialize();
     return this.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate(
       this.innerApiCalls['listSnapshots'] as GaxCall,
-      (request as unknown) as RequestType,
+      request as unknown as RequestType,
       callSettings
     ) as AsyncIterable<protos.google.pubsub.v1.ISnapshot>;
   }
diff --git a/system-test/install.ts b/system-test/install.ts
index d1b9705ce..5021ce4d6 100644
--- a/system-test/install.ts
+++ b/system-test/install.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import {promisify} from 'util';
 import {describe, it, after} from 'mocha';
 
 const keep = false;
-const mvp = (promisify(mv) as {}) as (...args: string[]) => Promise<void>;
+const mvp = promisify(mv) as {} as (...args: string[]) => Promise<void>;
 const ncpp = promisify(ncp);
 const stagingDir = tmp.dirSync({keep, unsafeCleanup: true});
 const stagingPath = stagingDir.name;
diff --git a/test/gapic_publisher_v1.ts b/test/gapic_publisher_v1.ts
index 29e25905d..b23de6e7a 100644
--- a/test/gapic_publisher_v1.ts
+++ b/test/gapic_publisher_v1.ts
@@ -28,10 +28,9 @@ import {PassThrough} from 'stream';
 import {protobuf, IamProtos} from 'google-gax';
 
 function generateSampleMessage<T extends object>(instance: T) {
-  const filledObject = (instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message).toObject(
-    instance as protobuf.Message<T>,
-    {defaults: true}
-  );
+  const filledObject = (
+    instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message
+  ).toObject(instance as protobuf.Message<T>, {defaults: true});
   return (instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message).fromObject(
     filledObject
   ) as T;
@@ -247,9 +246,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.createTopic = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.createTopic =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.createTopic(
           request,
@@ -361,9 +359,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.updateTopic = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.updateTopic =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.updateTopic(
           request,
@@ -474,9 +471,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.PublishResponse()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.publish = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.publish =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.publish(
           request,
@@ -583,9 +579,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.getTopic = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.getTopic =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.getTopic(
           request,
@@ -692,9 +687,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.protobuf.Empty()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.deleteTopic = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.deleteTopic =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.deleteTopic(
           request,
@@ -773,9 +767,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.DetachSubscriptionResponse()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.detachSubscription = stubSimpleCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.detachSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCall(expectedResponse);
       const [response] = await client.detachSubscription(request);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(response, expectedResponse);
       assert(
@@ -806,9 +799,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.DetachSubscriptionResponse()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.detachSubscription = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.detachSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.detachSubscription(
           request,
@@ -922,9 +914,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()),
       ];
-      client.innerApiCalls.listTopics = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.listTopics =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.listTopics(
           request,
@@ -996,9 +987,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()),
       ];
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopics.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopics.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(expectedResponse);
       const stream = client.listTopicsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic[] = [];
@@ -1086,9 +1076,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Topic()),
       ];
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopics.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopics.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(expectedResponse);
       const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.ITopic[] = [];
       const iterable = client.listTopicsAsync(request);
       for await (const resource of iterable) {
@@ -1167,9 +1156,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         },
       };
       const expectedResponse = [new String(), new String(), new String()];
-      client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSubscriptions = stubSimpleCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSubscriptions =
+        stubSimpleCall(expectedResponse);
       const [response] = await client.listTopicSubscriptions(request);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(response, expectedResponse);
       assert(
@@ -1198,9 +1186,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         },
       };
       const expectedResponse = [new String(), new String(), new String()];
-      client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSubscriptions = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSubscriptions =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.listTopicSubscriptions(
           request,
@@ -1268,9 +1255,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       request.topic = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'topic=';
       const expectedResponse = [new String(), new String(), new String()];
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(expectedResponse);
       const stream = client.listTopicSubscriptionsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: string[] = [];
@@ -1287,16 +1273,18 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       const responses = await promise;
       assert.deepStrictEqual(responses, expectedResponse);
       assert(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
-          .createStream as SinonStub)
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
+            .createStream as SinonStub
+        )
           .getCall(0)
           .calledWith(client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSubscriptions, request)
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
-          .createStream as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
+            .createStream as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1313,10 +1301,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       request.topic = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'topic=';
       const expectedError = new Error('expected');
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        undefined,
-        expectedError
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(undefined, expectedError);
       const stream = client.listTopicSubscriptionsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: string[] = [];
@@ -1332,16 +1318,18 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       });
       await assert.rejects(promise, expectedError);
       assert(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
-          .createStream as SinonStub)
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
+            .createStream as SinonStub
+        )
           .getCall(0)
           .calledWith(client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSubscriptions, request)
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
-          .createStream as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
+            .createStream as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1358,9 +1346,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       request.topic = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'topic=';
       const expectedResponse = [new String(), new String(), new String()];
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(expectedResponse);
       const responses: string[] = [];
       const iterable = client.listTopicSubscriptionsAsync(request);
       for await (const resource of iterable) {
@@ -1368,15 +1355,17 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       }
       assert.deepStrictEqual(responses, expectedResponse);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[1],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
+            .asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[1],
         request
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
+            .asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1393,10 +1382,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       request.topic = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'topic=';
       const expectedError = new Error('expected');
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        undefined,
-        expectedError
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(undefined, expectedError);
       const iterable = client.listTopicSubscriptionsAsync(request);
       await assert.rejects(async () => {
         const responses: string[] = [];
@@ -1405,15 +1392,17 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         }
       });
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[1],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
+            .asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[1],
         request
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSubscriptions
+            .asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1439,9 +1428,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         },
       };
       const expectedResponse = [new String(), new String(), new String()];
-      client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSnapshots = stubSimpleCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSnapshots =
+        stubSimpleCall(expectedResponse);
       const [response] = await client.listTopicSnapshots(request);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(response, expectedResponse);
       assert(
@@ -1470,9 +1458,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         },
       };
       const expectedResponse = [new String(), new String(), new String()];
-      client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSnapshots = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSnapshots =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.listTopicSnapshots(
           request,
@@ -1537,9 +1524,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       request.topic = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'topic=';
       const expectedResponse = [new String(), new String(), new String()];
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(expectedResponse);
       const stream = client.listTopicSnapshotsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: string[] = [];
@@ -1561,10 +1547,9 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
           .calledWith(client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSnapshots, request)
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots
-          .createStream as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.createStream as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1581,10 +1566,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       request.topic = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'topic=';
       const expectedError = new Error('expected');
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        undefined,
-        expectedError
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(undefined, expectedError);
       const stream = client.listTopicSnapshotsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: string[] = [];
@@ -1605,10 +1588,9 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
           .calledWith(client.innerApiCalls.listTopicSnapshots, request)
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots
-          .createStream as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.createStream as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1625,9 +1607,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       request.topic = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'topic=';
       const expectedResponse = [new String(), new String(), new String()];
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(expectedResponse);
       const responses: string[] = [];
       const iterable = client.listTopicSnapshotsAsync(request);
       for await (const resource of iterable) {
@@ -1635,15 +1616,15 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       }
       assert.deepStrictEqual(responses, expectedResponse);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[1],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[1],
         request
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1660,10 +1641,8 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
       request.topic = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'topic=';
       const expectedError = new Error('expected');
-      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        undefined,
-        expectedError
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(undefined, expectedError);
       const iterable = client.listTopicSnapshotsAsync(request);
       await assert.rejects(async () => {
         const responses: string[] = [];
@@ -1672,15 +1651,15 @@ describe('v1.PublisherClient', () => {
         }
       });
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[1],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[1],
         request
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listTopicSnapshots.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
diff --git a/test/gapic_schema_service_v1.ts b/test/gapic_schema_service_v1.ts
index 9fb79f071..e91cb764e 100644
--- a/test/gapic_schema_service_v1.ts
+++ b/test/gapic_schema_service_v1.ts
@@ -28,10 +28,9 @@ import {PassThrough} from 'stream';
 import {protobuf, IamProtos} from 'google-gax';
 
 function generateSampleMessage<T extends object>(instance: T) {
-  const filledObject = (instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message).toObject(
-    instance as protobuf.Message<T>,
-    {defaults: true}
-  );
+  const filledObject = (
+    instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message
+  ).toObject(instance as protobuf.Message<T>, {defaults: true});
   return (instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message).fromObject(
     filledObject
   ) as T;
@@ -247,9 +246,8 @@ describe('v1.SchemaServiceClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.createSchema = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.createSchema =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.createSchema(
           request,
@@ -359,9 +357,8 @@ describe('v1.SchemaServiceClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.getSchema = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.getSchema =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.getSchema(
           request,
@@ -468,9 +465,8 @@ describe('v1.SchemaServiceClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.protobuf.Empty()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.deleteSchema = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.deleteSchema =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.deleteSchema(
           request,
@@ -580,9 +576,8 @@ describe('v1.SchemaServiceClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.ValidateSchemaResponse()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.validateSchema = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.validateSchema =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.validateSchema(
           request,
@@ -692,9 +687,8 @@ describe('v1.SchemaServiceClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.ValidateMessageResponse()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.validateMessage = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.validateMessage =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.validateMessage(
           request,
@@ -808,9 +802,8 @@ describe('v1.SchemaServiceClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema()),
       ];
-      client.innerApiCalls.listSchemas = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.listSchemas =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.listSchemas(
           request,
@@ -882,9 +875,8 @@ describe('v1.SchemaServiceClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema()),
       ];
-      client.descriptors.page.listSchemas.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSchemas.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(expectedResponse);
       const stream = client.listSchemasStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema[] = [];
@@ -972,9 +964,8 @@ describe('v1.SchemaServiceClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Schema()),
       ];
-      client.descriptors.page.listSchemas.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSchemas.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(expectedResponse);
       const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.ISchema[] = [];
       const iterable = client.listSchemasAsync(request);
       for await (const resource of iterable) {
diff --git a/test/gapic_subscriber_v1.ts b/test/gapic_subscriber_v1.ts
index 1ead2c3c3..b8cbaa7f7 100644
--- a/test/gapic_subscriber_v1.ts
+++ b/test/gapic_subscriber_v1.ts
@@ -28,10 +28,9 @@ import {PassThrough} from 'stream';
 import {protobuf, IamProtos} from 'google-gax';
 
 function generateSampleMessage<T extends object>(instance: T) {
-  const filledObject = (instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message).toObject(
-    instance as protobuf.Message<T>,
-    {defaults: true}
-  );
+  const filledObject = (
+    instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message
+  ).toObject(instance as protobuf.Message<T>, {defaults: true});
   return (instance.constructor as typeof protobuf.Message).fromObject(
     filledObject
   ) as T;
@@ -230,9 +229,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.createSubscription = stubSimpleCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.createSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCall(expectedResponse);
       const [response] = await client.createSubscription(request);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(response, expectedResponse);
       assert(
@@ -263,9 +261,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.createSubscription = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.createSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.createSubscription(
           request,
@@ -375,9 +372,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.getSubscription = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.getSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.getSubscription(
           request,
@@ -457,9 +453,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.updateSubscription = stubSimpleCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.updateSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCall(expectedResponse);
       const [response] = await client.updateSubscription(request);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(response, expectedResponse);
       assert(
@@ -491,9 +486,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.updateSubscription = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.updateSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.updateSubscription(
           request,
@@ -573,9 +567,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.protobuf.Empty()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.deleteSubscription = stubSimpleCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.deleteSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCall(expectedResponse);
       const [response] = await client.deleteSubscription(request);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(response, expectedResponse);
       assert(
@@ -606,9 +599,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.protobuf.Empty()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.deleteSubscription = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.deleteSubscription =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.deleteSubscription(
           request,
@@ -718,9 +710,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.protobuf.Empty()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.modifyAckDeadline = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.modifyAckDeadline =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.modifyAckDeadline(
           request,
@@ -830,9 +821,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.protobuf.Empty()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.acknowledge = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.acknowledge =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.acknowledge(
           request,
@@ -1049,9 +1039,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.protobuf.Empty()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.modifyPushConfig = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.modifyPushConfig =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.modifyPushConfig(
           request,
@@ -1161,9 +1150,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.getSnapshot = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.getSnapshot =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.getSnapshot(
           request,
@@ -1273,9 +1261,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.createSnapshot = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.createSnapshot =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.createSnapshot(
           request,
@@ -1387,9 +1374,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.updateSnapshot = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.updateSnapshot =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.updateSnapshot(
           request,
@@ -1500,9 +1486,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.protobuf.Empty()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.deleteSnapshot = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.deleteSnapshot =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.deleteSnapshot(
           request,
@@ -1679,9 +1664,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       const expectedResponse = generateSampleMessage(
         new protos.google.pubsub.v1.StreamingPullResponse()
       );
-      client.innerApiCalls.streamingPull = stubBidiStreamingCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.streamingPull =
+        stubBidiStreamingCall(expectedResponse);
       const stream = client.streamingPull();
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         stream.on(
@@ -1704,9 +1688,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
           .calledWithExactly(undefined)
       );
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (((stream as unknown) as PassThrough)._transform as SinonStub).getCall(
-          0
-        ).args[0],
+        ((stream as unknown as PassThrough)._transform as SinonStub).getCall(0)
+          .args[0],
         request
       );
     });
@@ -1746,9 +1729,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
           .calledWithExactly(undefined)
       );
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (((stream as unknown) as PassThrough)._transform as SinonStub).getCall(
-          0
-        ).args[0],
+        ((stream as unknown as PassThrough)._transform as SinonStub).getCall(0)
+          .args[0],
         request
       );
     });
@@ -1811,9 +1793,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()),
       ];
-      client.innerApiCalls.listSubscriptions = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.listSubscriptions =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.listSubscriptions(
           request,
@@ -1885,9 +1866,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()),
       ];
-      client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(expectedResponse);
       const stream = client.listSubscriptionsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription[] = [];
@@ -1909,10 +1889,9 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
           .calledWith(client.innerApiCalls.listSubscriptions, request)
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions
-          .createStream as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.createStream as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1929,10 +1908,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       request.project = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'project=';
       const expectedError = new Error('expected');
-      client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        undefined,
-        expectedError
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(undefined, expectedError);
       const stream = client.listSubscriptionsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription[] = [];
@@ -1953,10 +1930,9 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
           .calledWith(client.innerApiCalls.listSubscriptions, request)
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions
-          .createStream as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.createStream as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -1977,9 +1953,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription()),
       ];
-      client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(expectedResponse);
       const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.ISubscription[] = [];
       const iterable = client.listSubscriptionsAsync(request);
       for await (const resource of iterable) {
@@ -1987,15 +1962,15 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       }
       assert.deepStrictEqual(responses, expectedResponse);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[1],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[1],
         request
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -2012,10 +1987,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       request.project = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'project=';
       const expectedError = new Error('expected');
-      client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        undefined,
-        expectedError
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(undefined, expectedError);
       const iterable = client.listSubscriptionsAsync(request);
       await assert.rejects(async () => {
         const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.ISubscription[] = [];
@@ -2024,15 +1997,15 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
         }
       });
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[1],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[1],
         request
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSubscriptions.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -2095,9 +2068,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()),
       ];
-      client.innerApiCalls.listSnapshots = stubSimpleCallWithCallback(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.innerApiCalls.listSnapshots =
+        stubSimpleCallWithCallback(expectedResponse);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         client.listSnapshots(
           request,
@@ -2169,9 +2141,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()),
       ];
-      client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(expectedResponse);
       const stream = client.listSnapshotsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot[] = [];
@@ -2193,10 +2164,9 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
           .calledWith(client.innerApiCalls.listSnapshots, request)
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots
-          .createStream as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.createStream as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -2213,10 +2183,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       request.project = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'project=';
       const expectedError = new Error('expected');
-      client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.createStream = stubPageStreamingCall(
-        undefined,
-        expectedError
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.createStream =
+        stubPageStreamingCall(undefined, expectedError);
       const stream = client.listSnapshotsStream(request);
       const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
         const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot[] = [];
@@ -2237,10 +2205,9 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
           .calledWith(client.innerApiCalls.listSnapshots, request)
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots
-          .createStream as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.createStream as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -2261,9 +2228,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()),
         generateSampleMessage(new protos.google.pubsub.v1.Snapshot()),
       ];
-      client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        expectedResponse
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(expectedResponse);
       const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.ISnapshot[] = [];
       const iterable = client.listSnapshotsAsync(request);
       for await (const resource of iterable) {
@@ -2271,15 +2237,15 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       }
       assert.deepStrictEqual(responses, expectedResponse);
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[1],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[1],
         request
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
@@ -2296,10 +2262,8 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
       request.project = '';
       const expectedHeaderRequestParams = 'project=';
       const expectedError = new Error('expected');
-      client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate = stubAsyncIterationCall(
-        undefined,
-        expectedError
-      );
+      client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate =
+        stubAsyncIterationCall(undefined, expectedError);
       const iterable = client.listSnapshotsAsync(request);
       await assert.rejects(async () => {
         const responses: protos.google.pubsub.v1.ISnapshot[] = [];
@@ -2308,15 +2272,15 @@ describe('v1.SubscriberClient', () => {
         }
       });
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[1],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[1],
         request
       );
       assert.strictEqual(
-        (client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots
-          .asyncIterate as SinonStub).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers[
-          'x-goog-request-params'
-        ],
+        (
+          client.descriptors.page.listSnapshots.asyncIterate as SinonStub
+        ).getCall(0).args[2].otherArgs.headers['x-goog-request-params'],
         expectedHeaderRequestParams
       );
     });
diff --git a/test/iam.ts b/test/iam.ts
index b916313f1..6adaa5e91 100644
--- a/test/iam.ts
+++ b/test/iam.ts
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ describe('IAM', () => {
   let IAM: typeof iamTypes.IAM;
   let iam: iamTypes.IAM;
 
-  const PUBSUB = ({
+  const PUBSUB = {
     options: {},
     request: util.noop,
-  } as {}) as PubSub;
+  } as {} as PubSub;
   const ID = 'id';
 
   before(() => {
@@ -58,14 +58,14 @@ describe('IAM', () => {
 
     it('should localize pubsub#request', () => {
       const fakeRequest = () => {};
-      const fakePubsub = ({
+      const fakePubsub = {
         request: {
           bind(context: PubSub) {
             assert.strictEqual(context, fakePubsub);
             return fakeRequest;
           },
         },
-      } as {}) as PubSub;
+      } as {} as PubSub;
       const iam = new IAM(fakePubsub, ID);
 
       assert.strictEqual(iam.request, fakeRequest);
diff --git a/test/lease-manager.ts b/test/lease-manager.ts
index 93d210595..d8e4bee86 100644
--- a/test/lease-manager.ts
+++ b/test/lease-manager.ts
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
   });
 
   beforeEach(() => {
-    subscriber = (new FakeSubscriber() as {}) as Subscriber;
+    subscriber = new FakeSubscriber() as {} as Subscriber;
     leaseManager = new LeaseManager(subscriber);
   });
 
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     it('should return the number of pending messages', () => {
       leaseManager.setOptions({allowExcessMessages: false, maxMessages: 1});
 
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
 
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.pending, 1);
     });
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
 
   describe('size', () => {
     it('should return the number of messages', () => {
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
 
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.size, 2);
     });
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
 
   describe('add', () => {
     it('should update the bytes/size values', () => {
-      const message = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const message = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.add(message);
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     });
 
     it('should dispatch the message if allowExcessMessages is true', done => {
-      const fakeMessage = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const fakeMessage = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.isFull = () => true;
       leaseManager.setOptions({allowExcessMessages: true});
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     });
 
     it('should dispatch the message if the inventory is not full', done => {
-      const fakeMessage = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const fakeMessage = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.isFull = () => false;
       leaseManager.setOptions({allowExcessMessages: false});
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     });
 
     it('should not dispatch the message if the inventory is full', done => {
-      const fakeMessage = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const fakeMessage = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.isFull = () => true;
       leaseManager.setOptions({allowExcessMessages: false});
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     });
 
     it('should not dispatch the message if the sub closes', done => {
-      const fakeMessage = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const fakeMessage = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.isFull = () => false;
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
       leaseManager.setOptions({allowExcessMessages: false, maxMessages: 1});
 
       leaseManager.on('full', done);
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
     });
 
     describe('extending deadlines', () => {
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
       });
 
       it('should schedule a lease extension', () => {
-        const message = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+        const message = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
         const stub = sandbox
           .stub(message, 'modAck')
           .withArgs(subscriber.ackDeadline);
@@ -214,12 +214,12 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
         // since only 1 timeout should be set, even if add messages at different
         // times, they should all get extended at the same time
         messages.forEach(message => {
-          leaseManager.add((message as {}) as Message);
+          leaseManager.add(message as {} as Message);
           clock.tick(halfway);
         });
 
         messages.forEach((fakeMessage, i) => {
-          const [deadline] = (stubs[i].lastCall.args as {}) as [number];
+          const [deadline] = stubs[i].lastCall.args as {} as [number];
           assert.strictEqual(deadline, subscriber.ackDeadline);
         });
       });
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
 
         leaseManager.setOptions({maxExtension});
         badMessages.forEach(message =>
-          leaseManager.add((message as {}) as Message)
+          leaseManager.add(message as {} as Message)
         );
         clock.tick(halfway);
 
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
         const removeStub = sandbox.stub(leaseManager, 'remove');
         const modAckStub = sandbox.stub(goodMessage, 'modAck');
 
-        leaseManager.add((goodMessage as {}) as Message);
+        leaseManager.add(goodMessage as {} as Message);
         clock.tick(halfway);
 
         // make sure the expired messages were forgotten
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
           assert.strictEqual(message, fakeMessage);
         });
 
-        const [deadline] = (modAckStub.lastCall.args as {}) as [number];
+        const [deadline] = modAckStub.lastCall.args as {} as [number];
         assert.strictEqual(deadline, subscriber.ackDeadline);
       });
 
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
           .stub(message, 'modAck')
           .withArgs(subscriber.ackDeadline);
 
-        leaseManager.add((message as {}) as Message);
+        leaseManager.add(message as {} as Message);
         clock.tick(expectedTimeout);
 
         assert.strictEqual(stub.callCount, 1);
@@ -273,8 +273,8 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
 
   describe('clear', () => {
     it('should completely clear out the inventory', () => {
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
       leaseManager.clear();
 
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.bytes, 0);
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
 
     it('should emit the free event if it was full', done => {
       leaseManager.setOptions({maxMessages: 1});
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
       leaseManager.on('free', done);
 
       setImmediate(() => leaseManager.clear());
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
       const clock = sandbox.useFakeTimers();
       const stub = sandbox.stub(subscriber, 'modAck').resolves();
 
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
       leaseManager.clear();
 
       // this would otherwise trigger a minimum of 2 modAcks
@@ -308,8 +308,8 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
       const maxMessages = 1;
 
       leaseManager.setOptions({maxMessages});
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
 
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.isFull(), true);
     });
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
       const maxBytes = message.length - 1;
 
       leaseManager.setOptions({maxBytes});
-      leaseManager.add((message as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(message as {} as Message);
 
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.isFull(), true);
     });
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
       const maxBytes = message.length + 1;
 
       leaseManager.setOptions({maxMessages, maxBytes});
-      leaseManager.add((message as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(message as {} as Message);
 
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.isFull(), false);
     });
@@ -340,15 +340,15 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     it('should noop for unknown messages', () => {
       const message = new FakeMessage();
 
-      leaseManager.add((message as {}) as Message);
-      leaseManager.remove((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(message as {} as Message);
+      leaseManager.remove(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
 
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.size, 1);
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.bytes, message.length);
     });
 
     it('should update the bytes/size values', () => {
-      const message = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const message = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.add(message);
       leaseManager.remove(message);
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     });
 
     it('should emit the free event if there is free space', done => {
-      const message = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const message = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.setOptions({maxMessages: 1});
       leaseManager.add(message);
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     });
 
     it('should remove a message from the pending state', done => {
-      const pending = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const pending = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.setOptions({allowExcessMessages: false, maxMessages: 1});
 
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
         }
       });
 
-      leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
       leaseManager.add(pending);
       leaseManager.remove(pending);
 
@@ -390,8 +390,8 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     });
 
     it('should dispense a pending messages', done => {
-      const temp = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
-      const pending = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const temp = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
+      const pending = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
 
       leaseManager.setOptions({allowExcessMessages: false, maxMessages: 1});
 
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
 
     it('should cancel any extensions if no messages are left', () => {
       const clock = sandbox.useFakeTimers();
-      const message = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const message = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
       const stub = sandbox.stub(subscriber, 'modAck').resolves();
 
       leaseManager.add(message);
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
     it('should allow excess messages by default', () => {});
 
     it('should default maxBytes', () => {
-      const littleMessage = (new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message;
+      const littleMessage = new FakeMessage() as {} as Message;
       const bigMessage = new FakeMessage();
 
       leaseManager.add(littleMessage);
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
 
       leaseManager.remove(littleMessage);
       bigMessage.length = defaultOptions.subscription.maxOutstandingBytes * 2;
-      leaseManager.add((bigMessage as {}) as Message);
+      leaseManager.add(bigMessage as {} as Message);
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.isFull(), true);
     });
 
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ describe('LeaseManager', () => {
         i++
       ) {
         assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.isFull(), false);
-        leaseManager.add((new FakeMessage() as {}) as Message);
+        leaseManager.add(new FakeMessage() as {} as Message);
       }
 
       assert.strictEqual(leaseManager.isFull(), true);
diff --git a/test/message-queues.ts b/test/message-queues.ts
index 4f264674f..43bf46fdc 100644
--- a/test/message-queues.ts
+++ b/test/message-queues.ts
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ describe('MessageQueues', () => {
     let ackQueue: messageTypes.AckQueue;
 
     beforeEach(() => {
-      ackQueue = new AckQueue((subscriber as {}) as Subscriber);
+      ackQueue = new AckQueue(subscriber as {} as Subscriber);
     });
 
     it('should send batches via Client#acknowledge', async () => {
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ describe('MessageQueues', () => {
     let modAckQueue: messageTypes.ModAckQueue;
 
     beforeEach(() => {
-      modAckQueue = new ModAckQueue((subscriber as {}) as Subscriber);
+      modAckQueue = new ModAckQueue(subscriber as {} as Subscriber);
     });
 
     it('should send batches via Client#modifyAckDeadline', async () => {
diff --git a/test/message-stream.ts b/test/message-stream.ts
index 4c5fa1719..e888bf12d 100644
--- a/test/message-stream.ts
+++ b/test/message-stream.ts
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ describe('MessageStream', () => {
 
     const gaxClient = new FakeGaxClient();
     client = gaxClient.client; // we hit the grpc client directly
-    subscriber = (new FakeSubscriber(gaxClient) as {}) as Subscriber;
+    subscriber = new FakeSubscriber(gaxClient) as {} as Subscriber;
     messageStream = new MessageStream(subscriber);
   });
 
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ describe('MessageStream', () => {
         highWaterMark: 0,
       };
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        ((messageStream as {}) as FakePassThrough).options,
+        (messageStream as {} as FakePassThrough).options,
         expectedOptions
       );
     });
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ describe('MessageStream', () => {
       };
 
       assert.deepStrictEqual(
-        ((ms as {}) as FakePassThrough).options,
+        (ms as {} as FakePassThrough).options,
         expectedOptions
       );
     });
diff --git a/test/publisher/index.ts b/test/publisher/index.ts
index 463b0a7d7..af9e79a40 100644
--- a/test/publisher/index.ts
+++ b/test/publisher/index.ts
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ describe('Publisher', () => {
         queue = new FakeOrderedQueue(publisher, orderingKey);
         publisher.orderedQueues.set(
           orderingKey,
-          (queue as unknown) as q.OrderedQueue
+          queue as unknown as q.OrderedQueue
         );
       });
 
@@ -281,9 +281,9 @@ describe('Publisher', () => {
         publisher.orderedQueues.clear();
         publisher.publishMessage(fakeMessage, spy);
 
-        queue = (publisher.orderedQueues.get(
+        queue = publisher.orderedQueues.get(
           orderingKey
-        ) as unknown) as FakeOrderedQueue;
+        ) as unknown as FakeOrderedQueue;
 
         assert(queue instanceof FakeOrderedQueue);
         assert.strictEqual(queue.publisher, publisher);
@@ -316,9 +316,9 @@ describe('Publisher', () => {
         publisher.orderedQueues.clear();
         publisher.publishMessage(fakeMessage, spy);
 
-        queue = (publisher.orderedQueues.get(
+        queue = publisher.orderedQueues.get(
           orderingKey
-        ) as unknown) as FakeOrderedQueue;
+        ) as unknown as FakeOrderedQueue;
         queue.emit('drain');
 
         assert.strictEqual(publisher.orderedQueues.size, 0);
@@ -335,9 +335,9 @@ describe('Publisher', () => {
         sandbox
           .stub(FakeOrderedQueue.prototype, '_publish')
           .callsFake((messages, callbacks, callback) => {
-            const queue = (publisher.orderedQueues.get(
+            const queue = publisher.orderedQueues.get(
               orderingKey
-            ) as unknown) as FakeOrderedQueue;
+            ) as unknown as FakeOrderedQueue;
             queue.emit('drain');
             if (typeof callback === 'function') callback(null);
           });
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ describe('Publisher', () => {
 
       publisher.orderedQueues.set(
         orderingKey,
-        (queue as unknown) as q.OrderedQueue
+        queue as unknown as q.OrderedQueue
       );
       publisher.resumePublishing(orderingKey);
 
diff --git a/test/publisher/message-queues.ts b/test/publisher/message-queues.ts
index 9db5a4b6c..9cefee6a8 100644
--- a/test/publisher/message-queues.ts
+++ b/test/publisher/message-queues.ts
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ describe('Message Queues', () => {
         const maxMilliseconds = 1234;
 
         queue.batchOptions = {maxMilliseconds};
-        queue.pending = (1234 as unknown) as NodeJS.Timer;
+        queue.pending = 1234 as unknown as NodeJS.Timer;
         queue.add(fakeMessage, spy);
 
         clock.tick(maxMilliseconds);
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ describe('Message Queues', () => {
 
       it('should cancel any pending publish calls', () => {
         // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-        const fakeHandle = (1234 as unknown) as any;
+        const fakeHandle = 1234 as unknown as any;
         const stub = sandbox.stub(global, 'clearTimeout').withArgs(fakeHandle);
 
         queue.pending = fakeHandle;
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ describe('Message Queues', () => {
         it('should noop after adding if a publish is already pending', () => {
           const stub = sandbox.stub(queue, 'beginNextPublish');
 
-          queue.pending = (1234 as unknown) as NodeJS.Timer;
+          queue.pending = 1234 as unknown as NodeJS.Timer;
           queue.add(fakeMessage, spy);
 
           assert.strictEqual(stub.callCount, 0);
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ describe('Message Queues', () => {
       });
 
       it('should cancel any pending publishes', () => {
-        const fakeHandle = (1234 as unknown) as NodeJS.Timer;
+        const fakeHandle = 1234 as unknown as NodeJS.Timer;
         const stub = sandbox.stub(global, 'clearTimeout');
 
         queue.pending = fakeHandle;
diff --git a/test/pubsub.ts b/test/pubsub.ts
index 523ca79f0..282745a09 100644
--- a/test/pubsub.ts
+++ b/test/pubsub.ts
@@ -299,9 +299,9 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
   describe('createSubscription', () => {
     const TOPIC_NAME = 'topic';
     pubsub = new pubsubTypes.PubSub({});
-    const TOPIC = (Object.assign(new FakeTopic(), {
+    const TOPIC = Object.assign(new FakeTopic(), {
       name: 'projects/' + PROJECT_ID + '/topics/' + TOPIC_NAME,
-    }) as {}) as Topic;
+    }) as {} as Topic;
 
     const SUB_NAME = 'subscription';
     const SUBSCRIPTION = {
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
       };
 
       setHost('localhost');
-      pubsub.options.grpc = (fakeGrpc as unknown) as typeof gax.grpc;
+      pubsub.options.grpc = fakeGrpc as unknown as typeof gax.grpc;
       pubsub.determineBaseUrl_();
       assert.strictEqual(pubsub.options.sslCreds, fakeCredentials);
     });
@@ -869,14 +869,14 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
     });
 
     it('should build the right request', done => {
-      const options = ({
+      const options = {
         a: 'b',
         c: 'd',
         gaxOpts: {
           e: 'f',
         },
         autoPaginate: false,
-      } as {}) as pubsubTypes.PageOptions;
+      } as {} as pubsubTypes.PageOptions;
 
       const expectedOptions = Object.assign({}, options, {
         project: 'projects/' + pubsub.projectId,
@@ -961,12 +961,12 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
     });
 
     it('should pass the correct arguments to the API', done => {
-      const options = ({
+      const options = {
         gaxOpts: {
           a: 'b',
         },
         autoPaginate: false,
-      } as {}) as pubsubTypes.GetSubscriptionsOptions;
+      } as {} as pubsubTypes.GetSubscriptionsOptions;
 
       const expectedGaxOpts = Object.assign(
         {
@@ -1046,9 +1046,9 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
       it('should call topic.getSubscriptions', done => {
         const topic = new FakeTopic();
 
-        const opts = ({
+        const opts = {
           topic,
-        } as {}) as pubsubTypes.GetSubscriptionsOptions;
+        } as {} as pubsubTypes.GetSubscriptionsOptions;
 
         topic.getSubscriptions = (options: pubsubTypes.PageOptions) => {
           assert.strictEqual(options, opts);
@@ -1059,9 +1059,9 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
       });
 
       it('should create a topic instance from a name', done => {
-        const opts = ({
+        const opts = {
           topic: TOPIC_NAME,
-        } as {}) as pubsubTypes.GetSubscriptionsOptions;
+        } as {} as pubsubTypes.GetSubscriptionsOptions;
 
         const fakeTopic = {
           getSubscriptions(options: pubsubTypes.PageOptions) {
@@ -1099,14 +1099,14 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
     });
 
     it('should build the right request', done => {
-      const options = ({
+      const options = {
         a: 'b',
         c: 'd',
         gaxOpts: {
           e: 'f',
         },
         autoPaginate: false,
-      } as {}) as pubsubTypes.PageOptions;
+      } as {} as pubsubTypes.PageOptions;
 
       const expectedOptions = Object.assign({}, options, {
         project: 'projects/' + pubsub.projectId,
@@ -1262,9 +1262,9 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
     const FAKE_CLIENT_INSTANCE = class {
       close() {}
     };
-    const CONFIG = ({
+    const CONFIG = {
       client: 'FakeClient',
-    } as {}) as pubsubTypes.GetClientConfig;
+    } as {} as pubsubTypes.GetClientConfig;
 
     beforeEach(() => {
       sandbox.stub(pubsub, 'auth').value({getProjectId: () => util.noop});
@@ -1375,10 +1375,10 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
   });
 
   describe('getClient_', () => {
-    const FAKE_CLIENT_INSTANCE = ({} as unknown) as gax.ClientStub;
-    const CONFIG = ({
+    const FAKE_CLIENT_INSTANCE = {} as unknown as gax.ClientStub;
+    const CONFIG = {
       client: 'FakeClient',
-    } as {}) as pubsubTypes.GetClientConfig;
+    } as {} as pubsubTypes.GetClientConfig;
 
     it('should get the client', done => {
       sandbox
@@ -1461,12 +1461,12 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
     });
 
     it('should call the client method correctly', done => {
-      const CONFIG = ({
+      const CONFIG = {
         client: 'FakeClient',
         method: 'fakeMethod',
         reqOpts: {a: 'a'},
         gaxOpts: {},
-      } as {}) as pubsubTypes.RequestConfig;
+      } as {} as pubsubTypes.RequestConfig;
 
       const replacedReqOpts = {};
 
@@ -1502,7 +1502,7 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
     it('should return a Snapshot object', () => {
       const SNAPSHOT_NAME = 'new-snapshot';
       const snapshot = pubsub.snapshot(SNAPSHOT_NAME);
-      const args = ((snapshot as {}) as FakeSnapshot).calledWith_;
+      const args = (snapshot as {} as FakeSnapshot).calledWith_;
 
       assert(snapshot instanceof FakeSnapshot);
       assert.strictEqual(args[0], pubsub);
@@ -1571,7 +1571,7 @@ describe('PubSub', () => {
       const fakeOptions = {};
       const topic = pubsub.topic(fakeName, fakeOptions);
 
-      const [ps, name, options] = ((topic as {}) as FakeTopic).calledWith_;
+      const [ps, name, options] = (topic as {} as FakeTopic).calledWith_;
 
       assert.strictEqual(ps, pubsub);
       assert.strictEqual(name, fakeName);
diff --git a/test/snapshot.ts b/test/snapshot.ts
index 4a2171bc0..5f06dcfbb 100644
--- a/test/snapshot.ts
+++ b/test/snapshot.ts
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ describe('Snapshot', () => {
   const SNAPSHOT_NAME = 'a';
   const PROJECT_ID = 'grape-spaceship-123';
 
-  const PUBSUB = ({
+  const PUBSUB = {
     projectId: PROJECT_ID,
-  } as {}) as PubSub;
+  } as {} as PubSub;
 
-  const SUBSCRIPTION = ({
+  const SUBSCRIPTION = {
     projectId: PROJECT_ID,
     pubsub: PUBSUB,
     api: {},
     createSnapshot() {},
     seek() {},
-  } as {}) as Subscription;
+  } as {} as Subscription;
 
   before(() => {
     Snapshot = proxyquire('../src/snapshot', {
diff --git a/test/subscriber.ts b/test/subscriber.ts
index 031934e03..ffc900c19 100644
--- a/test/subscriber.ts
+++ b/test/subscriber.ts
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ describe('Subscriber', () => {
     Subscriber = s.Subscriber;
 
     // Create standard instance
-    subscription = (new FakeSubscription() as {}) as Subscription;
+    subscription = new FakeSubscription() as {} as Subscription;
     subscriber = new Subscriber(subscription);
     message = new Message(subscriber, RECEIVED_MESSAGE);
     subscriber.open();
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ describe('Subscriber', () => {
 
   describe('getClient', () => {
     it('should get a subscriber client', async () => {
-      const pubsub = (subscription.pubsub as {}) as FakePubSub;
+      const pubsub = subscription.pubsub as {} as FakePubSub;
       const spy = sandbox.spy(pubsub, 'getClient_');
       const client = await subscriber.getClient();
       const [options] = spy.lastCall.args;
@@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ describe('Subscriber', () => {
     });
 
     it('exports a span once it is created', () => {
-      subscription = (new FakeSubscription() as {}) as Subscription;
+      subscription = new FakeSubscription() as {} as Subscription;
       subscriber = new Subscriber(subscription, enableTracing);
       message = new Message(subscriber, RECEIVED_MESSAGE);
       assert.strictEqual(subscriber['_useOpentelemetry'], true);
@@ -696,9 +696,8 @@ describe('Subscriber', () => {
         ackId: uuid.v4(),
         message: {
           attributes: {
-            googclient_OpenTelemetrySpanContext: JSON.stringify(
-              parentSpanContext
-            ),
+            googclient_OpenTelemetrySpanContext:
+              JSON.stringify(parentSpanContext),
           },
           data: Buffer.from('Hello, world!'),
           messageId: uuid.v4(),
@@ -798,7 +797,7 @@ describe('Subscriber', () => {
 
       it('should localize publishTime', () => {
         const m = new Message(subscriber, RECEIVED_MESSAGE);
-        const timestamp = (m.publishTime as unknown) as FakePreciseDate;
+        const timestamp = m.publishTime as unknown as FakePreciseDate;
 
         assert(timestamp instanceof FakePreciseDate);
         assert.strictEqual(
diff --git a/test/subscription.ts b/test/subscription.ts
index 06b49ca0c..601679e32 100644
--- a/test/subscription.ts
+++ b/test/subscription.ts
@@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ describe('Subscription', () => {
   const SUB_NAME = 'test-subscription';
   const SUB_FULL_NAME = 'projects/' + PROJECT_ID + '/subscriptions/' + SUB_NAME;
 
-  const PUBSUB = ({
+  const PUBSUB = {
     projectId: PROJECT_ID,
     request: util.noop,
     createSubscription: util.noop,
-  } as {}) as PubSub;
+  } as {} as PubSub;
 
   before(() => {
     Subscription = proxyquire('../src/subscription.js', {
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ describe('Subscription', () => {
 
     it('should create an IAM object', () => {
       assert(subscription.iam instanceof FakeIAM);
-      const args = ((subscription.iam as {}) as FakeIAM).calledWith_;
+      const args = (subscription.iam as {} as FakeIAM).calledWith_;
       assert.strictEqual(args[0], PUBSUB);
       assert.strictEqual(args[1], subscription.name);
     });
@@ -339,7 +339,8 @@ describe('Subscription', () => {
     });
 
     it('should throw an error if theres no topic', () => {
-      const expectedError = /Subscriptions can only be created when accessed through Topics/;
+      const expectedError =
+        /Subscriptions can only be created when accessed through Topics/;
       delete subscription.topic;
       assert.throws(() => subscription.create(), expectedError);
     });