From fdbc290f3cc822cb8872136881bc296e168d85f3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Henri F Date: Wed, 15 May 2024 13:33:27 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] zh-TW: cr2 Concurrency translations (#1897) Professional translations for CR2 content. Changes are being staged in a separate branch until all zh-TW content is reviewed. #1463 #684 --------- Co-authored-by: Jonathan Hao --- po/zh-TW.po | 717 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 558 insertions(+), 159 deletions(-) diff --git a/po/zh-TW.po b/po/zh-TW.po index 9d2b2fda84ee..e49bbee11c87 100644 --- a/po/zh-TW.po +++ b/po/zh-TW.po @@ -19323,11 +19323,11 @@ msgstr "Rust 執行緒的運作方式與其他語言類似：" #: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "\"Count in thread: {i}!\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Count in thread: {i}!\"" #: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "\"Main thread: {i}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Main thread: {i}\"" #: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "Threads are all daemon threads, the main thread does not wait for them." @@ -19346,9 +19346,8 @@ msgid "Rust thread APIs look not too different from e.g. C++ ones." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/threads.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Run the example." -msgstr "Rust by Example" +msgstr "執行範例。" #: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "" @@ -19520,7 +19519,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels.md msgid "\"Received: {:?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Received: {:?}\"" #: src/concurrency/channels.md msgid "" @@ -19545,19 +19544,19 @@ msgstr "你可以使用 `mpsc::channel()` 取得無界限的非同步通道：" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"Message {i}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Message {i}\"" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\"" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: done\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: done\"" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"Main: got {msg}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Main: got {msg}\"" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md #, fuzzy @@ -19571,18 +19570,24 @@ msgid "" "channel for the new message. The thread can be blocked indefinitely if there " "is nobody who reads from the channel." msgstr "" +"呼叫 `send` 會阻塞目前執行緒，直到管道有空間接收新訊息為止。如果沒有東西讀取" +"管道內容，執行緒可能會無限期遭到阻塞。" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "" "A call to `send` will abort with an error (that is why it returns `Result`) " "if the channel is closed. A channel is closed when the receiver is dropped." msgstr "" +"如果管道已關閉，對 `send` 的呼叫就會取消，並顯示錯誤 (所以會傳回 `Result`)。" +"接收器遭捨棄時，管道就會關閉。" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "" "A bounded channel with a size of zero is called a \"rendezvous channel\". " "Every send will block the current thread until another thread calls `read`." msgstr "" +"大小為零的受限管道稱為「會合管道」。每項傳送作業都會阻塞目前執行緒，直到其他" +"執行緒呼叫 `read` 為止。" #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy @@ -19827,11 +19832,11 @@ msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\"" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "\"v: {v:?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"v: {v:?}\"" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md msgid "" @@ -19880,7 +19885,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md msgid "\"v: {:?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"v: {:?}\"" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md msgid "" @@ -19948,7 +19953,7 @@ msgstr "我們來看看 `Arc` 和 `Mutex` 的實際應用情形：" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "Possible solution:" @@ -19986,21 +19991,23 @@ msgstr "采用區塊，盡量縮小 `LockGuard` 的範圍。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md msgid "Let us practice our new concurrency skills with" -msgstr "" +msgstr "歡迎使用以下項目，練習新的並行技能：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md msgid "Dining philosophers: a classic problem in concurrency." -msgstr "" +msgstr "哲學家就餐問題：經典的並行練習題。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md msgid "" "Multi-threaded link checker: a larger project where you'll use Cargo to " "download dependencies and then check links in parallel." msgstr "" +"多執行緒連結檢查工具：您可以在這項大型專案中使用 Cargo 下載依附元件，然後同時" +"檢查連結。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "The dining philosophers problem is a classic problem in concurrency:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "哲學家就餐問題是經典的並行練習題：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "" @@ -20013,6 +20020,11 @@ msgid "" "not eating. After an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put " "down both forks." msgstr "" +"五位哲學家要在同一張餐桌上一起用餐，他們各有自己的座位。每兩個餐盤之間有一支" +"叉子。餐盤裡裝著某種義大利麵，必須使用兩支叉子才能享用。哲學家無法同時思考和" +"進食，而且必須左右手都拿著叉子，才能吃到義大利麵。因此，只有身旁的兩位哲學家" +"在思考 (而非進食) 時，才能取得兩支叉子。某個哲學家吃完後，會同時放下兩支叉" +"子。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "" @@ -20020,6 +20032,9 @@ msgid "" "for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/main.rs`, fill " "out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:" msgstr "" +"這項練習需要在本機[安裝 Cargo](../../cargo/running-locally.md)。請將以下程式" +"碼複製到名為 `src/main.rs` 的檔案、填寫空白處，然後測試 `cargo run` 不會發生" +"死結：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md @@ -20028,86 +20043,89 @@ msgid "" " // right_fork: ...\n" " // thoughts: ...\n" msgstr "" +"// left_fork: ...\n" +" // right_fork: ...\n" +" // thoughts: ...\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Pick up forks...\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Pick up forks...\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"{} is eating...\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"{} is eating...\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Socrates\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Socrates\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Hypatia\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Hypatia\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Plato\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Plato\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Aristotle\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Aristotle\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Pythagoras\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Pythagoras\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Create forks\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Create forks\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Create philosophers\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Create philosophers\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "// Make each of them think and eat 100 times\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Make each of them think and eat 100 times\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Output their thoughts\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Output their thoughts\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "您可以使用下列 `Cargo.toml`：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "" @@ -20118,6 +20136,12 @@ msgid "" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "```" msgstr "" +"```toml\n" +"[package]\n" +"name = \"dining-philosophers\"\n" +"version = \"0.1.0\"\n" +"edition = \"2021\"\n" +"```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" @@ -20126,35 +20150,46 @@ msgid "" "should recursively check other pages on the same domain and keep doing this " "until all pages have been validated." msgstr "" +"讓我們運用所學的新知識，建立多執行緒連結檢查工具。該工具應從網頁開始，檢查頁" +"面上的連結是否有效，並應以遞迴方式檢查相同網域中的其他頁面，直到驗證完所有頁" +"面為止。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" "For this, you will need an HTTP client such as [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/" "reqwest/). Create a new Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:" msgstr "" +"為此，您需要使用 HTTP 用戶端，例如 [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/reqwest/)。請" +"建立新的 Cargo 專案，並使用以下指令，將 `reqwest` 設為依附元件：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" "If `cargo add` fails with `error: no such subcommand`, then please edit the " "`Cargo.toml` file by hand. Add the dependencies listed below." msgstr "" +"如果 `cargo add` 失敗並顯示 `error: no such subcommand`，請手動編輯 `Cargo." +"toml` 檔案。請新增下列依附元件。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" "You will also need a way to find links. We can use [`scraper`](https://docs." "rs/scraper/) for that:" msgstr "" +"您也需要設法找出連結。為此，我們可以使用 [`scraper`](https://docs.rs/" +"scraper/)：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" "Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors. We use [`thiserror`]" "(https://docs.rs/thiserror/) for that:" msgstr "" +"最後，我們需要處理錯誤的方法。為此，我們會使用 [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/" +"thiserror/)：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" "The `cargo add` calls will update the `Cargo.toml` file to look like this:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "`cargo add` 呼叫會更新 `Cargo.toml` 檔案，如下所示：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" @@ -20172,64 +20207,80 @@ msgid "" "thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n" "```" msgstr "" +"```toml\n" +"[package]\n" +"name = \"link-checker\"\n" +"version = \"0.1.0\"\n" +"edition = \"2021\"\n" +"publish = false\n" +"\n" +"[dependencies]\n" +"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-" +"tls\"] }\n" +"scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n" +"thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n" +"```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" "You can now download the start page. Try with a small site such as `https://" "www.google.org/`." msgstr "" +"您現在可以下載起始網頁。請以小型網站嘗試這項操作，例如 `https://www.google." +"org/`。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "Your `src/main.rs` file should look something like this:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "`src/main.rs` 檔案應如下所示：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"request error: {0}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"request error: {0}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"bad http response: {0}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"bad http response: {0}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Checking {:#}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Checking {:#}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"href\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"href\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: {err}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: {err}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"https://www.google.org\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"https://www.google.org\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "\"Links: {links:#?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Links: {links:#?}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "Run the code in `src/main.rs` with" -msgstr "" +msgstr "使用以下指令，在 `src/main.rs` 中執行程式碼：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" "Use threads to check the links in parallel: send the URLs to be checked to a " "channel and let a few threads check the URLs in parallel." msgstr "" +"使用執行緒同時檢查連結：將要檢查的網址傳送到管道，讓幾個執行緒同時檢查網址。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" @@ -20237,6 +20288,8 @@ msgid "" "org` domain. Put an upper limit of 100 pages or so so that you don't end up " "being blocked by the site." msgstr "" +"拓展這項功能，以遞迴方式擷取 `www.google.org` 網域中所有頁面上的連結。將頁面" +"上限設為 100 個左右，以免遭到網站封鎖。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "Concurrency Morning Exercise" @@ -20248,7 +20301,7 @@ msgstr "([返回練習](dining-philosophers.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"{} is trying to eat\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"{} is trying to eat\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "" @@ -20256,10 +20309,13 @@ msgid "" " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" " // either of them.\n" msgstr "" +"// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" +" // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" +" // either of them.\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"{thought}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"{thought}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "Link Checker" @@ -20273,24 +20329,27 @@ msgstr "([返回練習](link-checker.md))" msgid "" "/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted.\n" msgstr "" +"/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted.\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already\n" " /// been visited.\n" msgstr "" +"/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already\n" +" /// been visited.\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in.\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in.\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Got crawling error: {:#}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Got crawling error: {:#}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\"" #: src/async.md msgid "Async Rust" @@ -20353,7 +20412,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "\"Count is: {i}!\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Count is: {i}!\"" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "" @@ -20418,6 +20477,9 @@ msgid "" "complete yet. A future can be polled, and `poll` returns a [`Poll`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)." msgstr "" +"[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) 是一種特" +"徵，物件實作這種特徵時，代表作業或許尚未完成。Future 可供輪詢，而 `poll` 會傳" +"回 [`Poll`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)。" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" @@ -20426,30 +20488,38 @@ msgid "" "`JoinHandle` returned from `tokio::spawn` implements `Future` to allow " "joining to it." msgstr "" +"非同步函式會傳回 `impl Future`。您也可以為自己的型別實作 `Future`，但不常見。" +"舉例來說，從 `tokio::spawn` 傳回的 `JoinHandle` 會實作 `Future`，以便允許會" +"合。" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "The `.await` keyword, applied to a Future, causes the current async function " "to pause until that Future is ready, and then evaluates to its output." msgstr "" +"套用至 Future 的 `.await` 關鍵字會暫停目前的非同步函式，直到 Future 準備就" +"緒，接著則會計算其輸出內容。" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "The `Future` and `Poll` types are implemented exactly as shown; click the " "links to show the implementations in the docs." msgstr "" +"`Future` 和 `Poll` 型別的實作方式完全相同。點選連結即可在文件中查看實作方式。" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "We will not get to `Pin` and `Context`, as we will focus on writing async " "code, rather than building new async primitives. Briefly:" msgstr "" +"我們不會探討 `Pin` 和 `Context`，因為我們會專注於編寫非同步程式碼，而非建立新" +"的非同步基元。簡單來說：" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "`Context` allows a Future to schedule itself to be polled again when an " "event occurs." -msgstr "" +msgstr "`Context` 允許 Future 在事件發生時安排自身再次接受輪詢。" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" @@ -20457,6 +20527,8 @@ msgid "" "that future remain valid. This is required to allow references to remain " "valid after an `.await`." msgstr "" +"`Pin` 可確保 Future 在記憶體中不被移動，這樣該 Future 的指標仍維持有效。如要" +"允許參照在 `.await` 後持續有效，這麼做就有必要。" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" @@ -20464,6 +20536,8 @@ msgid "" "_reactor_) and is responsible for executing futures (an _executor_). Rust " "does not have a \"built-in\" runtime, but several options are available:" msgstr "" +"「執行環境」支援以非同步方式執行作業 (「反應器」)，並負責執行 Future (「執行" +"器」)。Rust 沒有「內建」執行階段，但提供多種選項：" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" @@ -20471,16 +20545,21 @@ msgid "" "functionality like [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) for HTTP or [Tonic](https://" "github.com/hyperium/tonic) for gRPC." msgstr "" +"[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/)：效能良好，具有完善的功能生態系統，例如適用於 " +"HTTP 的 [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/)，或適用於 gRPC 的 [Tonic](https://github." +"com/hyperium/tonic)。" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" "[async-std](https://async.rs/): aims to be a \"std for async\", and includes " "a basic runtime in `async::task`." msgstr "" +"[async-std](https://async.rs/)：目標是成為「async 的 std」，並在 `async::" +"task` 中含有基本執行環境。" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/): simple and lightweight" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/)：簡單輕量" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" @@ -20488,6 +20567,9 @@ msgid "" "(https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/main/src/lib/fuchsia-" "async/src/lib.rs) already has one." msgstr "" +"許多大型應用程式都有專屬的執行環境。例如，[Fuchsia](https://fuchsia." +"googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/main/src/lib/fuchsia-async/src/lib.rs) " +"已有一個執行環境。" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" @@ -20495,6 +20577,8 @@ msgid "" "playground. The playground also does not permit any I/O, so most interesting " "async things can't run in the playground." msgstr "" +"請注意，在列出的執行環境中，Rust Playground 只支援 Tokio。Playground 也不允許" +"任何 I/O，因此大部分有趣的非同步作業皆無法在 Playground 中執行。" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" @@ -20503,46 +20587,49 @@ msgid "" "Promises, for example, which will run to completion even if they are never " "used." msgstr "" +"除非接受執行器輪詢，否則 Future 不會執行任何作業 (甚至不會啟動 I/O 作業)，因" +"此 Future 是「惰性」的。這一點與 JS Promise 不同。舉例來說，後者即使從未使用" +"過，仍會執行至完成為止。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Tokio provides:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Tokio 提供以下項目：" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "A multi-threaded runtime for executing asynchronous code." -msgstr "" +msgstr "執行非同步程式碼的多執行緒執行階段。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "An asynchronous version of the standard library." -msgstr "" +msgstr "標準程式庫的非同步版本。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "A large ecosystem of libraries." -msgstr "" +msgstr "龐大的程式庫生態系統。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "\"Count in task: {i}!\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Count in task: {i}!\"" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "\"Main task: {i}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Main task: {i}\"" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "With the `tokio::main` macro we can now make `main` async." -msgstr "" +msgstr "透過 `tokio::main` 巨集，我們現在可以使 `main` 非同步。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "The `spawn` function creates a new, concurrent \"task\"." -msgstr "" +msgstr "`spawn` 函式會建立新的並行「工作」。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Note: `spawn` takes a `Future`, you don't call `.await` on `count_to`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "注意：`spawn` 會採用 `Future`，您不會在 `count_to` 上呼叫 `.await`。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "**Further exploration:**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**進一步探究：**" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "" @@ -20550,18 +20637,20 @@ msgid "" "cancellation. `tokio::spawn` returns a handle which can be awaited to wait " "until it finishes." msgstr "" +"為什麼 `count_to` (通常) 不會達到 10？這是非同步取消的例子。直到 `tokio::" +"spawn` 完成前，所傳回的控制代碼可以接受等待。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Try `count_to(10).await` instead of spawning." -msgstr "" +msgstr "嘗試使用 `count_to(10).await`，而非採用產生狀態。" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Try awaiting the task returned from `tokio::spawn`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "嘗試等待從 `tokio::spawn` 傳回的工作。" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "Rust has a task system, which is a form of lightweight threading." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Rust 的工作系統是採用輕量執行緒的形式。" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" @@ -20571,35 +20660,38 @@ msgid "" "task is possible by polling multiple child futures, such as racing a timer " "and an I/O operation." msgstr "" +"一項工作具有一個頂層 Future，執行器會輪詢該 Future 來推動進度。該 Future 可能" +"有一或多個巢狀 Future，供其 `poll` 方法輪詢，可約略對應至呼叫堆疊。藉由輪詢多" +"個子項 Future (例如競爭的計時器和 I/O 作業)，即可在工作內實現並行機制。" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"127.0.0.1:0\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"127.0.0.1:0\"" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"listening on port {}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"listening on port {}\"" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"connection from {addr:?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"connection from {addr:?}\"" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "b\"Who are you?\\n\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "b\"Who are you?\\n\"" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"socket error\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"socket error\"" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\"" #: src/async/tasks.md src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" "Copy this example into your prepared `src/main.rs` and run it from there." -msgstr "" +msgstr "將這個範例複製到準備好的 `src/main.rs`，然後從中執行。" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" @@ -20607,12 +20699,16 @@ msgid "" "com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) or [telnet](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/" "telnet/)." msgstr "" +"請嘗試利用 TCP 連線工具來連線，例如 [nc](https://www.unix.com/man-page/" +"linux/1/nc/) 或 [telnet](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/telnet/)。" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" "Ask students to visualize what the state of the example server would be with " "a few connected clients. What tasks exist? What are their Futures?" msgstr "" +"請學生以圖像呈現範例伺服器具有幾個已連線用戶端時的狀態。會有哪些工作？Future " +"為何？" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" @@ -20620,51 +20716,55 @@ msgid "" "closure, but does not take any arguments. Its return value is a Future, " "similar to an `async fn`." msgstr "" +"這是我們第一次看到 `async` 區塊，與閉包類似，但不接受任何引數。其回傳值為 " +"Future，類似於 `async fn`。" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" "Refactor the async block into a function, and improve the error handling " "using `?`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "將非同步區塊重構為函式，並使用 `?` 改善錯誤處理機制。" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "" "Several crates have support for asynchronous channels. For instance `tokio`:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "有些 Crate 支援非同步管道。例如 `tokio`：" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Received {count} pings so far.\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Received {count} pings so far.\"" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"ping_handler complete\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"ping_handler complete\"" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Failed to send ping.\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Failed to send ping.\"" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Sent {} pings so far.\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Sent {} pings so far.\"" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Something went wrong in ping handler task.\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Something went wrong in ping handler task.\"" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "Change the channel size to `3` and see how it affects the execution." -msgstr "" +msgstr "將管道大小變更為 `3`，瞭解這對執行作業的影響。" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "" "Overall, the interface is similar to the `sync` channels as seen in the " "[morning class](concurrency/channels.md)." msgstr "" +"整體而言，這個介面類似於[早上課程](concurrency/channels.md)中看到的 `sync` 管" +"道。" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "Try removing the `std::mem::drop` call. What happens? Why?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "請嘗試移除 `std::mem::drop` 呼叫。會發生什麼情況？為什麼？" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "" @@ -20672,6 +20772,9 @@ msgid "" "implement both `sync` and `async` `send` and `recv`. This can be convenient " "for complex applications with both IO and heavy CPU processing tasks." msgstr "" +"[Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) Crate 具有同時實作 `sync` 和 " +"`async` 的 `send` 和 `recv` 的管道。對於有 IO 和大量 CPU 處理工作的複雜應用程" +"式，這相當便利。" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "" @@ -20679,10 +20782,12 @@ msgid "" "combine them with other `future`s to combine them and create complex control " "flow." msgstr "" +"之所以較適合使用 `async` 管道，是因為這類管道能與其他 `future` 管道結合，進而" +"建立複雜的控制流程。" #: src/async/control-flow.md msgid "Futures Control Flow" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Future 控制流程" #: src/async/control-flow.md msgid "" @@ -20690,14 +20795,16 @@ msgid "" "We have already seen tasks, that function as independent threads of " "execution." msgstr "" +"Future 可以合併，產生並行運算流程圖。我們已介紹過工作，工作的功能類似於獨立的" +"執行作業執行緒。" #: src/async/control-flow.md msgid "[Join](control-flow/join.md)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[會合](control-flow/join.md)" #: src/async/control-flow.md msgid "[Select](control-flow/select.md)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[選取](control-flow/select.md)" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" @@ -20705,22 +20812,24 @@ msgid "" "a collection of their results. This is similar to `Promise.all` in " "JavaScript or `asyncio.gather` in Python." msgstr "" +"會合作業會等待整個 Future 集合準備就緒，然後蒐集多個結果一次回傳。這類似於 " +"JavaScript 中的 `Promise.all` 或 Python 中的 `asyncio.gather`。" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://google.com\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"https://google.com\"" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\"" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\"" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"BAD_URL\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"BAD_URL\"" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" @@ -20728,12 +20837,15 @@ msgid "" "you must know how many futures you will have at compile time. This is " "currently in the `futures` crate, soon to be stabilised in `std::future`." msgstr "" +"若是多個不同型別的 Future，您可以使用 `std::future::join!`，但必須知道編譯時" +"會有多少 Future。這目前位於 `futures` Crate 中，不久後就會在 `std::future` 中" +"推出穩定版。" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" "The risk of `join` is that one of the futures may never resolve, this would " "cause your program to stall." -msgstr "" +msgstr "`join` 的風險是某個 Future 可能無法解決，導致程式停滯。" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" @@ -20743,6 +20855,9 @@ msgid "" "timeout (that requires `select!`, explained in the next chapter), but " "demonstrates `join!`." msgstr "" +"舉例來說，您也可以併用 `join_all` 和 `join!`，讓所有要求會合至 HTTP 服務和資" +"料庫查詢。請嘗試使用 `futures::join!`，將 `tokio::time::sleep` 新增至 " +"Future。這並非逾時 (逾時需要 `select!`，下一章會說明)，而是示範 `join!`。" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" @@ -20751,6 +20866,9 @@ msgid "" "race`. In Python, it compares to `asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio." "FIRST_COMPLETED)`." msgstr "" +"選取作業會等到任何一組 Future 準備就緒，再針對該 Future 的結果提供回應。這類" +"似於 JavaScript 中的 `Promise.race`。在 Python 中，則可與 `asyncio." +"wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED)` 比較。" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" @@ -20760,30 +20878,34 @@ msgid "" "run with the resulting variables. The `statement` result becomes the result " "of the `select!` macro." msgstr "" +"類似於比對陳述式，`select!` 的主體有多個分支，格式皆為 `pattern = future => " +"statement`。當 `future` 準備就緒時，回傳值會由 `pattern` 解構。接著，" +"`statement` 執行時會利用產生的變數。`statement` 結果會成為 `select!` 巨集的結" +"果。" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Felix\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Felix\"" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to send cat.\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Failed to send cat.\"" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Rex\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Rex\"" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to send dog.\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Failed to send dog.\"" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to receive winner\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Failed to receive winner\"" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Winner is {winner:?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Winner is {winner:?}\"" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" @@ -20792,34 +20914,40 @@ msgid "" "whichever arrives first. Since the dog takes 50ms, it wins against the cat " "that take 500ms." msgstr "" +"這個範例是貓狗賽跑。`first_animal_to_finish_race` 會監聽兩個管道，並挑選先抵" +"達者。狗花了 50 毫秒，因此贏過花費 500 毫秒的貓。" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "You can use `oneshot` channels in this example as the channels are supposed " "to receive only one `send`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "在這個範例中，您可以使用 `oneshot` 管道，因為管道只應接收一個 `send`。" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "Try adding a deadline to the race, demonstrating selecting different sorts " "of futures." -msgstr "" +msgstr "嘗試為賽跑加上期限，示範選擇各種 Future 的情形。" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "Note that `select!` drops unmatched branches, which cancels their futures. " "It is easiest to use when every execution of `select!` creates new futures." msgstr "" +"請注意，`select!` 會捨棄不相符的分支版本，這會取消 Future。若每次執行 " +"`select!` 時都會建立新的 Future，就最容易使用這種做法。" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "An alternative is to pass `&mut future` instead of the future itself, but " "this can lead to issues, further discussed in the pinning slide." msgstr "" +"替代方法是傳遞 `&mut future`，而非傳遞 Future 本身，但這可能導致多項問題，詳" +"細討論請見 pinning 投影片。" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "Pitfalls of async/await" -msgstr "" +msgstr "async/await 的問題" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "" @@ -20828,26 +20956,28 @@ msgid "" "with its share of pitfalls and footguns. We illustrate some of them in this " "chapter:" msgstr "" +"async/await 為並行非同步程式設計提供了便利有效率的抽象機制。不過，Rust 中的 " +"async/await 模型也會造成問題和犯錯的機會。本章會說明其中幾種情形：" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "[Blocking the Executor](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[阻塞執行器](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "[Async Traits](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[非同步特徵](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "[Cancellation](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[取消](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "Blocking the executor" -msgstr "" +msgstr "阻塞執行器" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" @@ -20856,20 +20986,23 @@ msgid "" "being executed. An easy workaround is to use async equivalent methods where " "possible." msgstr "" +"大多數非同步執行環境只允許並行執行 IO 工作。這表示阻塞 CPU 的工作會阻塞執行" +"器，不讓其他工作執行。一個簡單的解決方法，就是盡可能使用與非同步機制同等的方" +"法。" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "\"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "\"current_thread\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"current_thread\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Run the code and see that the sleeps happen consecutively rather than " "concurrently." -msgstr "" +msgstr "執行程式碼，然後您會發現休眠狀態是連續發生，而非並行發生。" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" @@ -20877,17 +21010,21 @@ msgid "" "makes the effect more obvious, but the bug is still present in the multi-" "threaded flavor." msgstr "" +"`\"current_thread\"` 變種版本會將所有工作放在單一執行緒。這樣的效果更加明顯，" +"但多執行緒變種版本仍存在該錯誤。" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Switch the `std::thread::sleep` to `tokio::time::sleep` and await its result." -msgstr "" +msgstr "將 `std::thread::sleep` 改為 `tokio::time::sleep`，並等待結果。" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Another fix would be to `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` which spawns an actual " "thread and transforms its handle into a future without blocking the executor." msgstr "" +"另一個修正方式為 `tokio::task::spawn_blocking`，這可產生實際執行緒，並將控制" +"代碼轉換為 Future，而不會阻塞執行器。" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" @@ -20898,12 +21035,18 @@ msgid "" "OS threads (e.g., CUDA). Prefer `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` in such " "situations." msgstr "" +"請勿將工作視為 OS 執行緒。工作不會 1 對 1 對應，且大部分執行器會允許在單一 " +"OS 執行緒中執行多項工作。在透過 FFI 與其他程式庫互動時，這尤其會造成問題，因" +"為程式庫可能會依附執行緒本機儲存空間，或對應至特定 OS 執行緒 (例如 CUDA)。在" +"這種情況下，請優先使用 `tokio::task::spawn_blocking`。" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Use sync mutexes with care. Holding a mutex over an `.await` may cause " "another task to block, and that task may be running on the same thread." msgstr "" +"請謹慎使用同步互斥鎖。將互斥鎖保留在 `.await` 上，可能會導致其他工作造成阻" +"塞，且該工作可能在同一執行緒上執行。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -20911,6 +21054,8 @@ msgid "" "type returned is the result of a compiler transformation which turns local " "variables into data stored inside the future." msgstr "" +"非同步區塊和函式會傳回實作 `Future` 特徵的型別。傳回的型別是編譯器轉換的結" +"果，會將本機變數轉換成在 Future 中儲存的資料。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -20918,6 +21063,8 @@ msgid "" "of that, the future should never be moved to a different memory location, as " "it would invalidate those pointers." msgstr "" +"其中一些變數可保留指向其他本機變數的指標。因此，Future 不應移至其他記憶體位" +"置，以免這些指標失效。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -20926,67 +21073,73 @@ msgid "" "operations that would move the instance it points to into a different memory " "location." msgstr "" +"為避免在記憶體中移動 Future 型別，此型別只能透過固定指標輪詢。`Pin` 是參照的" +"包裝函式，會禁止所有將所指向例項移至不同記憶體位置的作業。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond\n" "// with a message on the `respond_on` channel.\n" msgstr "" +"// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond\n" +"// with a message on the `respond_on` channel.\n" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it.\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it.\n" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// Pretend to work.\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Pretend to work.\n" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed to send response\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"failed to send response\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms\n" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete.\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete.\n" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed to send on work queue\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"failed to send on work queue\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed waiting for response\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"failed waiting for response\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "You may recognize this as an example of the actor pattern. Actors typically " "call `select!` in a loop." -msgstr "" +msgstr "您可以將此視為演員模型的例子。演員通常會在迴圈中呼叫 `select!`。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "This serves as a summation of a few of the previous lessons, so take your " "time with it." -msgstr "" +msgstr "這彙整了先前幾堂課的內容，您可以放鬆慢慢做。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Naively add a `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` to " "the `select!`. This will never execute. Why?" msgstr "" +"直接的將 `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` 新增至 " +"`select!`。這永遠不會執行。為什麼？" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Instead, add a `timeout_fut` containing that future outside of the `loop`:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "請改為在 `loop` 之外新增含有該 Future 的 `timeout_fut`：" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -20994,6 +21147,8 @@ msgid "" "`timeout_fut` in the `select!` to work around the move, then using `Box::" "pin`:" msgstr "" +"這樣還是無法運作。請根據編譯器錯誤，將 `&mut` 新增至 `select!` 中的 " +"`timeout_fut` 來處理移動作業，然後使用 `Box::pin`：" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -21001,6 +21156,8 @@ msgid "" "iteration (a fused future would help with this). Update to reset " "`timeout_fut` every time it expires." msgstr "" +"這樣可以編譯，但逾時到期後，每次疊代都會是 `Poll::Ready` (熔斷型 Future 有助" +"解決這個問題)。更新即可在每次到期時重設 `timeout_fut`。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -21008,12 +21165,16 @@ msgid "" "stabilized, with older code often using `tokio::pin!`) is also an option, " "but that is difficult to use for a future that is reassigned." msgstr "" +"Box 會在堆積上分配。在某些情況下，也可以採用 `std::pin::pin!` (最近才推出穩定" +"版，舊版程式碼通常使用 `tokio::pin!`)，但這不容易用於已重新指派的 Future。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Another alternative is to not use `pin` at all but spawn another task that " "will send to a `oneshot` channel every 100ms." msgstr "" +"另一個替代方案是完全不使用 `pin`，改為產生另一項工作，該工作每 100 毫秒就會傳" +"送至 `oneshot` 管道。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -21023,6 +21184,9 @@ msgid "" "code transformation for async blocks and functions is not verified by the " "borrow checker." msgstr "" +"包含指向自己的指標的資料稱為自我參照。一般而言，Rust 借用檢查器會禁止移動自我" +"參照資料，因為參照的留存時間不會超過其指向的資料。不過，非同步區塊和函式的程" +"式碼轉換不會由借用檢查器驗證。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -21030,6 +21194,8 @@ msgid "" "place using a pinned pointer. However, it can still be moved through an " "unpinned pointer." msgstr "" +"`Pin` 是參照的包裝函式。如要從現有位置移動物件，使用固定指標是行不通的。但若" +"使用未固定的指標，則仍可以移動物件。" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" @@ -21037,6 +21203,8 @@ msgid "" "`&mut Self` to refer to the instance. That's why it can only be called on a " "pinned pointer." msgstr "" +"`Future` 特徵的 `poll` 方法是使用 `Pin<&mut Self>` 參照例項，而非使用 `&mut " +"Self`。因此，您只能在固定指標上呼叫這個方法。" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" @@ -21070,20 +21238,24 @@ msgid "" "trait/latest/async_trait/) provides a workaround through a macro, with some " "caveats:" msgstr "" +"如果需要 `dyn` 支援，Crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/" +"async_trait/) 提供採用巨集的解決方法（但有些要注意的地方）：" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "\"running all sleepers..\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"running all sleepers..\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "\"slept for {}ms\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"slept for {}ms\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" "`async_trait` is easy to use, but note that it's using heap allocations to " "achieve this. This heap allocation has performance overhead." msgstr "" +"`async_trait` 相當容易使用，但請注意，它是運用堆積分配來達成此效果。這種堆積" +"分配會造成效能負擔。" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" @@ -21093,12 +21265,17 @@ msgid "" "blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-hard/) if you are interested in " "digging deeper." msgstr "" +"有關 `async trait` 語言支援的困難處涉及艱深的 Rust，可能不適合深入介紹。如有" +"興趣深入探究，可以參閱 Niko Matsakis 的[這篇文章](https://smallcultfollowing." +"com/babysteps/blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-hard/)，說明得相當清楚。" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" "Try creating a new sleeper struct that will sleep for a random amount of " "time and adding it to the Vec." msgstr "" +"嘗試建立新的休眠程式結構體，讓該結構體隨機決定休眠時間長度，然後將其新增至 " +"Vec。" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" @@ -21107,51 +21284,55 @@ msgid "" "ensure the system works correctly even when futures are cancelled. For " "example, it shouldn't deadlock or lose data." msgstr "" +"捨棄 Future 表示 Future 無法再供輪詢。這稱為「取消」，可能發生在任何 `await` " +"時間點。即使 Future 遭到取消，也需審慎確保系統正常運作，例如不應出現死結或遺" +"失資料。" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -#, fuzzy msgid "\"not UTF-8\"" -msgstr "UTF-8" +msgstr "\"非 UTF-8\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"hi\\nthere\\n\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"hi\\nthere\\n\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"tick!\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"tick!\"" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "The compiler doesn't help with cancellation-safety. You need to read API " "documentation and consider what state your `async fn` holds." msgstr "" +"編譯器無法確保安全的取消作業。您需要閱讀 API 說明文件，並考量 `async fn` 保留" +"的狀態。" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "Unlike `panic` and `?`, cancellation is part of normal control flow (vs " "error-handling)." -msgstr "" +msgstr "與 `panic` 和 `?` 不同，取消是正常控制流程的一部分 (相較於錯誤處理)。" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "The example loses parts of the string." -msgstr "" +msgstr "此範例失去字串的某些部分。" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "Whenever the `tick()` branch finishes first, `next()` and its `buf` are " "dropped." -msgstr "" +msgstr "每當 `tick()` 分支版本先完成時，`next()` 和其 `buf` 都會遭到捨棄。" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "`LinesReader` can be made cancellation-safe by making `buf` part of the " "struct:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "`LinesReader` 可讓 `buf` 成為結構體的一部分，確保安全的取消作業：" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "// prefix buf and bytes with self.\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// prefix buf and bytes with self.\n" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" @@ -21159,6 +21340,8 @@ msgid "" "html#method.tick) is cancellation-safe because it keeps track of whether a " "tick has been 'delivered'." msgstr "" +"[`Interval::tick`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/time/struct.Interval." +"html#method.tick) 會追蹤滴答是否「已送達」，因此可確保安全的取消作業。" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" @@ -21166,6 +21349,9 @@ msgid "" "AsyncReadExt.html#method.read) is cancellation-safe because it either " "returns or doesn't read data." msgstr "" +"[`AsyncReadExt::read`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." +"AsyncReadExt.html#method.read)od.read) 只會傳回資料或不讀取資料，因此可確保安" +"全的取消作業。" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" @@ -21173,35 +21359,39 @@ msgid "" "AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) is similar to the example and _isn't_ " "cancellation-safe. See its documentation for details and alternatives." msgstr "" +"[`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." +"AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) 與本範例相似，「無法」確保安全的取消作" +"業。如要瞭解詳情和替代方案，請參閱說明文件。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md msgid "" "To practice your Async Rust skills, we have again two exercises for you:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "為幫助您練習非同步 Rust 技巧，我們再次提供了兩項練習：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md msgid "" "Dining philosophers: we already saw this problem in the morning. This time " "you are going to implement it with Async Rust." msgstr "" +"哲學家就餐問題：我們早上已看過這個練習題，這次要使用非同步 Rust 來實作。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md msgid "" "A Broadcast Chat Application: this is a larger project that allows you " "experiment with more advanced Async Rust features." msgstr "" +"廣播即時通訊應用程式：利用這項大型專案，您可以嘗試使用更進階的非同步 Rust 功" +"能。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Dining Philosophers --- Async" -msgstr "哲學家就餐問題" +msgstr "哲學家就餐問題 --- 非同步" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" "See [dining philosophers](dining-philosophers.md) for a description of the " "problem." -msgstr "" +msgstr "請參閱[哲學家就餐問題](dining-philosophers.md)，查看題目說明。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" @@ -21209,6 +21399,9 @@ msgid "" "locally.md) for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/" "main.rs`, fill out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:" msgstr "" +"和之前一樣，這項練習需要在本機[安裝 Cargo](../../cargo/running-locally.md)。" +"請將以下程式碼複製到名為 `src/main.rs` 的檔案、填寫空白處，然後測試 `cargo " +"run` 不會發生死結：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md @@ -21218,13 +21411,15 @@ msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Make them think and eat\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Make them think and eat\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" "Since this time you are using Async Rust, you'll need a `tokio` dependency. " "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:" msgstr "" +"這次是使用非同步 Rust，因此會需要 `tokio` 依附元件。您可以使用下列 `Cargo." +"toml`：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" @@ -21239,16 +21434,26 @@ msgid "" "\"rt-multi-thread\"] }\n" "```" msgstr "" +"```toml\n" +"[package]\n" +"name = \"dining-philosophers-async-dine\"\n" +"version = \"0.1.0\"\n" +"edition = \"2021\"\n" +"\n" +"[dependencies]\n" +"tokio = { version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", " +"\"rt-multi-thread\"] }\n" +"```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" "Also note that this time you have to use the `Mutex` and the `mpsc` module " "from the `tokio` crate." -msgstr "" +msgstr "另請注意，這次必須使用 `tokio` Crate 中的 `Mutex` 和 `mpsc` 模組。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "Can you make your implementation single-threaded?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "您的實作項目能否採用單一執行緒？" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21258,6 +21463,9 @@ msgid "" "input, and sends them to the server. The chat server broadcasts each message " "that it receives to all the clients." msgstr "" +"在本練習中，我們要運用所學的新知識，實作廣播即時通訊應用程式。我們有一個即時" +"通訊伺服器，供用戶端連線和發布訊息。用戶端會從標準輸入內容讀取使用者訊息，然" +"後將訊息傳送至伺服器。即時通訊伺服器會將收到的每則訊息播送至所有用戶端。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21266,14 +21474,17 @@ msgid "" "(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/) for the communication between the client " "and the server." msgstr "" +"為此，我們會使用伺服器上的[廣播通道](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/" +"broadcast/fn.channel.html) 和 [`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-" +"websockets/)，在用戶端和伺服器之間通訊。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Create a new Cargo project and add the following dependencies:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "請建立新的 Cargo 專案，並新增下列依附元件：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "_Cargo.toml_:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Cargo.toml：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21291,10 +21502,23 @@ msgid "" "\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n" "```" msgstr "" +"```toml\n" +"[package]\n" +"name = \"chat-async\"\n" +"version = \"0.1.0\"\n" +"edition = \"2021\"\n" +"\n" +"[dependencies]\n" +"futures-util = { version = \"0.3.30\", features = [\"sink\"] }\n" +"http = \"1.0.0\"\n" +"tokio = { version = \"1.36.0\", features = [\"full\"] }\n" +"tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.7.0\", features = [\"client\", " +"\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n" +"```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "The required APIs" -msgstr "" +msgstr "所需 API" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21302,6 +21526,8 @@ msgid "" "[`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/). Spend a few minutes " "to familiarize yourself with the API." msgstr "" +"您會需要 `tokio` 和 [`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/) " +"中的以下函式。請花幾分鐘熟悉此 API。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21309,6 +21535,9 @@ msgid "" "trait.StreamExt.html#method.next) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for " "asynchronously reading messages from a Websocket Stream." msgstr "" +"由 `WebSocketStream` 實作的 [StreamExt::next()](https://docs.rs/futures-" +"util/0.3.28/futures_util/stream/trait.StreamExt.html#method.next)：用於非同步" +"讀取 WebSocket 串流中的訊息。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21316,6 +21545,9 @@ msgid "" "trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for " "asynchronously sending messages on a Websocket Stream." msgstr "" +"由 `WebSocketStream` 實作的 [SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-" +"util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/trait.SinkExt.html#method.send)：用於在 " +"WebSocket 串流中非同步傳送訊息。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21323,16 +21555,20 @@ msgid "" "html#method.next_line): for asynchronously reading user messages from the " "standard input." msgstr "" +"[Lines::next_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." +"html#method.next_line)：用於非同步讀取標準輸入內容中的使用者訊息。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/" "struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe): for subscribing to a broadcast channel." msgstr "" +"[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/" +"struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe)：用於訂閱廣播管道。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Two binaries" -msgstr "" +msgstr "兩個二進位檔" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21344,6 +21580,11 @@ msgid "" "(see the [documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-" "targets.html#binaries))." msgstr "" +"在 Cargo 專案中，通常只能有一個二進位檔，以及一個 `src/main.rs` 檔案。這項專" +"案需要兩個二進位檔，一個用於用戶端，另一個用於伺服器。您可以設為兩個不同的 " +"Cargo 專案，但我們會放入包含兩個二進位檔的單一 Cargo 專案。為順利運作，用戶端" +"和伺服器程式碼應位於 `src/bin` 下方 (請參閱[說明文件](https://doc.rust-lang." +"org/cargo/reference/cargo-targets.html#binaries))。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21351,61 +21592,63 @@ msgid "" "bin/client.rs`, respectively. Your task is to complete these files as " "described below." msgstr "" +"請將以下伺服器和用戶端程式碼分別複製到 `src/bin/server.rs` 和 `src/bin/" +"client.rs` 中。請按照下方說明完成這些檔案。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "_src/bin/server.rs_:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "src/bin/server.rs：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "// TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"127.0.0.1:2000\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"127.0.0.1:2000\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"listening on port 2000\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"listening on port 2000\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"New connection from {addr:?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"New connection from {addr:?}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "_src/bin/client.rs_:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "src/bin/client.rs：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Running the binaries" -msgstr "" +msgstr "執行二進位檔" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Run the server with:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "使用以下指令執行伺服器：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "and the client with:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "並使用以下指令執行用戶端：" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Implement the `handle_connection` function in `src/bin/server.rs`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "在 `src/bin/server.rs` 中實作 `handle_connection` 函式。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21413,10 +21656,13 @@ msgid "" "continuous loop. One task receives messages from the client and broadcasts " "them. The other sends messages received by the server to the client." msgstr "" +"提示：使用 `tokio::select!` 即可在連續迴圈中並行執行兩項工作。一項工作會收到" +"來自用戶端的訊息，然後播送訊息。另一項工作則是將伺服器收到的訊息傳送至用戶" +"端。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Complete the main function in `src/bin/client.rs`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "完成 `src/bin/client.rs` 中的主函式。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" @@ -21425,12 +21671,16 @@ msgid "" "sending them to the server, and (2) receiving messages from the server, and " "displaying them for the user." msgstr "" +"提示：和先前一樣，在連續迴圈中使用 `tokio::select!` 並行執行兩項工作：(1) 從" +"標準輸入內容讀取使用者訊息，然後將訊息傳送至伺服器；(2) 接收來自伺服器的訊" +"息，並向使用者顯示訊息。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "Optional: Once you are done, change the code to broadcast messages to all " "clients, but the sender of the message." msgstr "" +"選用步驟：完成後，將程式碼變更為播送訊息給所有用戶端，但不包括訊息發送端。" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "Concurrency Afternoon Exercise" @@ -21454,15 +21704,15 @@ msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// The locks are dropped here\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// The locks are dropped here\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Here is a thought: {thought}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Here is a thought: {thought}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "([back to exercise](chat-app.md))" @@ -21470,7 +21720,7 @@ msgstr "([返回練習](chat-app.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" @@ -21478,18 +21728,21 @@ msgid "" " // messages from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) receiving\n" " // messages on `bcast_rx` and sending them to the client.\n" msgstr "" +"// A continuous loop for concurrently performing two tasks: (1) receiving\n" +" // messages from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) receiving\n" +" // messages on `bcast_rx` and sending them to the client.\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\"" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"From server: {}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"From server: {}\"" #: src/thanks.md msgid "" @@ -21515,18 +21768,24 @@ msgid "" "Rust terms. For translations, this also serves to connect the term back to " "the English original." msgstr "" +"以下詞彙解釋的目標是提供許多 Rust 詞彙的簡短定義。對翻譯而言，也可以補充說明" +"詞彙的英文原意。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "allocate: \n" "Dynamic memory allocation on [the heap](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md)." msgstr "" +"分配：\n" +"[堆積](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md)上的動態記憶體配置。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "argument: \n" "Information that is passed into a function or method." msgstr "" +"引數：\n" +"傳遞至函式或方法的資訊。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21534,30 +21793,41 @@ msgid "" "Low-level Rust development, often deployed to a system without an operating " "system. See [Bare-metal Rust](bare-metal.md)." msgstr "" +"Rust 裸機開發：\n" +"低階 Rust 開發作業，通常是部署至沒有作業系統的系統。請參閱 [Rust 裸機開發]" +"(bare-metal.md)相關課程。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "block: \n" "See [Blocks](control-flow/blocks.md) and _scope_." msgstr "" +"區塊：\n" +"請參閱[區塊](control-flow/blocks.md)和「範圍」相關課程。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "borrow: \n" "See [Borrowing](ownership/borrowing.md)." msgstr "" +"借用：\n" +"請參閱[借用](ownership/borrowing.md)相關課程。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "borrow checker: \n" "The part of the Rust compiler which checks that all borrows are valid." msgstr "" +"借用檢查器：\n" +"Rust 編譯器的一部分，可檢查所有借用是否都有效。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "brace: \n" "`{` and `}`. Also called _curly brace_, they delimit _blocks_." msgstr "" +"大括號：\n" +"`{` and `}`，用於分隔「區塊」。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21565,42 +21835,56 @@ msgid "" "The process of converting source code into executable code or a usable " "program." msgstr "" +"建構：\n" +"將原始碼轉換為可執行的程式碼或可使用的程式的程序。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "call: \n" "To invoke or execute a function or method." msgstr "" +"呼叫：\n" +"叫用/執行函式或方法。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "channel: \n" "Used to safely pass messages [between threads](concurrency/channels.md)." msgstr "" +"管道：\n" +"用於在[執行緒之間](concurrency/channels.md)安全地傳遞訊息。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Comprehensive Rust 🦀: \n" "The courses here are jointly called Comprehensive Rust 🦀." msgstr "" +"Comprehensive Rust 🦀：\n" +" 此處的課程合稱為 Comprehensive Rust 🦀。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "concurrency: \n" "The execution of multiple tasks or processes at the same time." msgstr "" +"並行：\n" +"同時執行多項工作或程序。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Concurrency in Rust: \n" "See [Concurrency in Rust](concurrency.md)." msgstr "" +"Rust 中的並行：\n" +"請參閱 [Rust 中的並行](concurrency.md)相關課程。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "constant: \n" "A value that does not change during the execution of a program." msgstr "" +"常數：\n" +"在程式執行期間不會變更的值。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21608,12 +21892,16 @@ msgid "" "The order in which the individual statements or instructions are executed in " "a program." msgstr "" +"控制流程：\n" +"個別陳述式或指示在程式中執行的順序。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "crash: \n" "An unexpected and unhandled failure or termination of a program." msgstr "" +"崩潰：\n" +"程式發生非預期且未處理的失敗或終止情形。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21621,12 +21909,16 @@ msgid "" "A data type that holds one of several named constants, possibly with an " "associated tuple or struct." msgstr "" +"列舉：\n" +"儲存多個具名常數之一的資料型別，可能具有相關聯的元組或結構體。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "error: \n" "An unexpected condition or result that deviates from the expected behavior." msgstr "" +"錯誤：\n" +"偏離預期行為的意外狀況或結果。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21634,18 +21926,24 @@ msgid "" "The process of managing and responding to errors that occur during program " "execution." msgstr "" +"錯誤處理：\n" +"管理和回應程式執行錯誤的程序。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "exercise: \n" "A task or problem designed to practice and test programming skills." msgstr "" +"練習：\n" +"專為磨練及測試程式設計技能而設計的工作或問題。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "function: \n" "A reusable block of code that performs a specific task." msgstr "" +"函式：\n" +"執行特定工作的程式碼區塊，可重複使用。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21653,6 +21951,8 @@ msgid "" "A mechanism that automatically frees up memory occupied by objects that are " "no longer in use." msgstr "" +"垃圾收集器：\n" +"此機制會自動釋出不再使用的物件所占用的記憶體。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21660,12 +21960,17 @@ msgid "" "A feature that allows writing code with placeholders for types, enabling " "code reuse with different data types." msgstr "" +"泛型：\n" +"這項功能允許為型別使用預留位置編寫程式碼，方便搭配不同資料型別重複使用程式" +"碼。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "immutable: \n" "Unable to be changed after creation." msgstr "" +"不可變動：\n" +"建立後即無法變更。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21673,6 +21978,8 @@ msgid "" "A type of test that verifies the interactions between different parts or " "components of a system." msgstr "" +"整合測試：\n" +"這種測試可驗證系統中不同部分或元件之間的互動。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21680,12 +21987,16 @@ msgid "" "A reserved word in a programming language that has a specific meaning and " "cannot be used as an identifier." msgstr "" +"關鍵字：\n" +"程式設計語言中具有特定意義的保留字，無法用於命名。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "library: \n" "A collection of precompiled routines or code that can be used by programs." msgstr "" +"程式庫：\n" +"一系列預先編譯的常式或程式碼，可供程式使用。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21694,12 +22005,17 @@ msgid "" "normal functions are not enough. A typical example is `format!`, which takes " "a variable number of arguments, which isn't supported by Rust functions." msgstr "" +"巨集：\n" +"名稱中有 `!`，即為 Rust 巨集。當一般函式不夠用時，就會使用巨集。常見例子為 " +"`format!`，可採用不固定數量的引數，但 Rust 函式不支援這項功能。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "`main` function: \n" "Rust programs start executing with the `main` function." msgstr "" +"`main` 函式：\n" +"Rust 程式開始執行時會使用 `main` 函式。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21707,6 +22023,8 @@ msgid "" "A control flow construct in Rust that allows for pattern matching on the " "value of an expression." msgstr "" +"配對：\n" +"Rust 中的控制流程結構，允許對運算式的值執行模式配對作業。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21714,12 +22032,16 @@ msgid "" "A situation where a program fails to release memory that is no longer " "needed, leading to a gradual increase in memory usage." msgstr "" +"記憶體流失：\n" +"程式無法釋放不再需要的記憶體，導致記憶體用量逐步增加。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "method: \n" "A function associated with an object or a type in Rust." msgstr "" +"方法：\n" +"Rust 中與物件或型別相關聯的函式。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21727,12 +22049,16 @@ msgid "" "A namespace that contains definitions, such as functions, types, or traits, " "to organize code in Rust." msgstr "" +"模組：\n" +"包含函式、型別或特徵等定義的命名空間，用於整理 Rust 中的程式碼。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "move: \n" "The transfer of ownership of a value from one variable to another in Rust." msgstr "" +"移動：\n" +"在 Rust 中將值的擁有權從某個變數轉移至另一個變數。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21740,6 +22066,8 @@ msgid "" "A property in Rust that allows variables to be modified after they have been " "declared." msgstr "" +"可變動：\n" +"Rust 中的屬性，允許在宣告變數後修改變數。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21747,6 +22075,8 @@ msgid "" "The concept in Rust that defines which part of the code is responsible for " "managing the memory associated with a value." msgstr "" +"擁有權：\n" +"Rust 中的概念，可定義由哪部分的程式碼負責管理與值相關聯的記憶體。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21754,12 +22084,16 @@ msgid "" "An unrecoverable error condition in Rust that results in the termination of " "the program." msgstr "" +"恐慌：\n" +"Rust 中無法復原的錯誤狀況，導致程式終止。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "parameter: \n" "A value that is passed into a function or method when it is called." msgstr "" +"參數：\n" +"在呼叫函式或方法時，傳遞至函式或方法的值。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21767,12 +22101,16 @@ msgid "" "A combination of values, literals, or structures that can be matched against " "an expression in Rust." msgstr "" +"模式：\n" +"值、常值或結構體的組合，可以與 Rust 中的運算式配對。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "payload: \n" "The data or information carried by a message, event, or data structure." msgstr "" +"酬載：\n" +"訊息、事件或資料結構體攜帶的資料或資訊。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21780,12 +22118,16 @@ msgid "" "A set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task " "or solve a particular problem." msgstr "" +"程式：\n" +"可供電腦執行的一組指示，用來執行特定工作或解決特定問題。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "programming language: \n" "A formal system used to communicate instructions to a computer, such as Rust." msgstr "" +"程式設計語言：\n" +"用來向電腦傳達指示的正式系統，例如 Rust。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21793,6 +22135,8 @@ msgid "" "The first parameter in a Rust method that represents the instance on which " "the method is called." msgstr "" +"接收器：\n" +"Rust 方法中的第一個參數，代表呼叫該方法的例項。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21800,12 +22144,16 @@ msgid "" "A memory management technique in which the number of references to an object " "is tracked, and the object is deallocated when the count reaches zero." msgstr "" +"參照計數：\n" +"這種記憶體管理技術會追蹤物件的參照數量，並在計數達到零時取消分配物件。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "return: \n" "A keyword in Rust used to indicate the value to be returned from a function." msgstr "" +"return：\n" +"Rust 中的關鍵字，用來指出要從函式傳回的值。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21813,24 +22161,32 @@ msgid "" "A systems programming language that focuses on safety, performance, and " "concurrency." msgstr "" +"Rust：\n" +"著重安全性、效能和並行的系統程式設計語言。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust Fundamentals: \n" "Days 1 to 4 of this course." msgstr "" +"Rust 基礎知識：\n" +"本課程第 1 到 4 天的內容。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust in Android: \n" "See [Rust in Android](android.md)." msgstr "" +"Android 中的 Rust：\n" +"請參閱 [Android 中的 Rust](android.md) 相關課程。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust in Chromium: \n" "See [Rust in Chromium](chromium.md)." msgstr "" +"Chromium 中的 Rust：\n" +"請參閱 [Chromium 中的 Rust](chromium.md) 相關課程。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21838,18 +22194,24 @@ msgid "" "Refers to code that adheres to Rust's ownership and borrowing rules, " "preventing memory-related errors." msgstr "" +"安全：\n" +"指符合 Rust 擁有權和借用規則的程式碼，可避免記憶體相關錯誤。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "scope: \n" "The region of a program where a variable is valid and can be used." msgstr "" +"範圍：\n" +"程式的區域，位於其中的變數皆有效且可供使用。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "standard library: \n" "A collection of modules providing essential functionality in Rust." msgstr "" +"標準程式庫：\n" +"提供 Rust 必要功能的一系列模組。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21857,6 +22219,8 @@ msgid "" "A keyword in Rust used to define static variables or items with a `'static` " "lifetime." msgstr "" +"static：\n" +"Rust 中的關鍵字，可定義靜態變數或具有 'static` 生命週期的項目。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21864,6 +22228,9 @@ msgid "" "A data type storing textual data. See [`String` vs `str`](basic-syntax/" "string-slices.html) for more." msgstr "" +"字串：\n" +"儲存文本資料的資料型別。詳情請參閱[比較 `String` 與 `str`](basic-syntax/" +"string-slices.html) 的相關課程。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21871,6 +22238,8 @@ msgid "" "A composite data type in Rust that groups together variables of different " "types under a single name." msgstr "" +"結構體：\n" +"Rust 中的複合資料型別，能以一個名稱將不同型別的變數歸入同一組。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21878,12 +22247,16 @@ msgid "" "A Rust module containing functions that test the correctness of other " "functions." msgstr "" +"測試：\n" +"Rust 模組，其中的函式可測試其他函式的正確性。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "thread: \n" "A separate sequence of execution in a program, allowing concurrent execution." msgstr "" +"執行緒：\n" +"程式中獨立的執行作業序列，可允許並行執行作業。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21891,6 +22264,8 @@ msgid "" "The property of a program that ensures correct behavior in a multithreaded " "environment." msgstr "" +"執行緒安全：\n" +"程式的屬性，可在多執行緒環境中確保正確的行為。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21898,6 +22273,8 @@ msgid "" "A collection of methods defined for an unknown type, providing a way to " "achieve polymorphism in Rust." msgstr "" +"特徵：\n" +"為不明型別定義的一系列方法，可在 Rust 中實現多型。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21905,6 +22282,8 @@ msgid "" "An abstraction where you can require types to implement some traits of your " "interest." msgstr "" +"特徵繫結：\n" +"這種抽象機制可用來要求型別實作一些您感興趣的特徵。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21912,6 +22291,8 @@ msgid "" "A composite data type that contains variables of different types. Tuple " "fields have no names, and are accessed by their ordinal numbers." msgstr "" +"元組：\n" +"包含各種變數的複合資料型別。元組欄位沒有名稱，可透過序數存取。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21919,6 +22300,8 @@ msgid "" "A classification that specifies which operations can be performed on values " "of a particular kind in Rust." msgstr "" +"型別：\n" +"一種分類機制，能指定在 Rust 特定種類的值中可執行哪些作業。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21926,6 +22309,8 @@ msgid "" "The ability of the Rust compiler to deduce the type of a variable or " "expression." msgstr "" +"型別推斷：\n" +"Rust 編譯器功能，可推斷變數或運算式的型別。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21933,12 +22318,16 @@ msgid "" "Actions or conditions in Rust that have no specified result, often leading " "to unpredictable program behavior." msgstr "" +"未定義的行為：\n" +"Rust 中未定義結果的動作或條件，經常導致無法預測的程式行為。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "union: \n" "A data type that can hold values of different types but only one at a time." msgstr "" +"聯集：\n" +"這種資料型別可保留不同型別的值，但一次只能保留一個值。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21946,12 +22335,17 @@ msgid "" "Rust comes with built-in support for running small unit tests and larger " "integration tests. See [Unit Tests](testing/unit-tests.html)." msgstr "" +"單元測試：\n" +"Rust 內建支援功能，可執行小型單元測試和規模較大的整合測試。請參閱「[單元測試]" +"(testing/unit-tests.html)」。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "unit type: \n" "Type that holds no data, written as a tuple with no members." msgstr "" +"單值型別：\n" +"不保留資料的型別，寫為元組的形式，但不含成員。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -21959,12 +22353,17 @@ msgid "" "The subset of Rust which allows you to trigger _undefined behavior_. See " "[Unsafe Rust](unsafe.html)." msgstr "" +"不安全：\n" +"這個 Rust 子集可觸發「未定義的行為」。請參閱「[不安全的 Rust](unsafe." +"html)」。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "variable: \n" "A memory location storing data. Variables are valid in a _scope_." msgstr "" +"變數：\n" +"儲存資料的記憶體位置。變數在「範圍」內有效。" #: src/other-resources.md msgid "Other Rust Resources" @@ -22147,14 +22546,14 @@ msgstr "" "resources.md) 頁面，查看完整的實用資源清單。" #: src/credits.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "The material of Comprehensive Rust is licensed under the terms of the Apache " "2.0 license, please see [`LICENSE`](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-" "rust/blob/main/LICENSE) for details." msgstr "" "Comprehensive Rust 的教材是根據 Apache 授權條款第 2.0 版取得授權，詳情請參閱 " -"[`LICENSE`](../LICENSE) 頁面。" +"[`LICENSE`](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/LICENSE) " +"頁面。" #: src/credits.md msgid "Rust by Example"