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README.EXAMPLES
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README.EXAMPLES
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SAMPLE L-SYSTEMS
Some of the L-systems described in the book have been put in the
Examples/ subdirectory, modified for the input format accepted by
lsys. The file names, figures they correspond to, and description of
the resulting objects are listed below.
Following the descriptions, a second listing shows the dynamic
memory and runtime used for each L-system on a Sun 4/280 and a
DECstation 3100 with lsys compiled by the AT&T C++ compiler, CC (lsys
tends to be somewhat faster but much more of a memory hog when
compiled with g++). This may serve as a guide for use on smaller
systems. The fractal leaves at the end of chapter 5 are usually too
large to run to completion; the files given here specify a smaller
number of generations. Many of the tree-like objects require megabytes
of memory.
File Name Figure Description
--------- ------ -----------
snowflake 1.1 Koch snowflake
koch_island 1.7a Quadratic Koch island
koch_snowflake 1.7b Quadratic modification of the snowflake
islands 1.8 Combination of islands and lakes
koch_curve_a 1.9a Various Koch curves
koch_curve_b 1.9b "
koch_curve_c 1.9c "
koch_curve_d 1.9d "
koch_curve_e 1.9e "
koch_curve_f 1.9f "
dragon 1.10 Dragon curve
sierpinski 1.10b Sierpinski gasket
gosper_curve_a 1.11a Hexagonal Gosper curve
gosper_curve_b 1.11b Quadratic Gosper curve
fass_curve_a 1.16a FASS curve using 3x3 tiles
fass_curve_a 1.16b FASS curve using 4x4 tiles
hilbert3d 1.19 3D Hilbert curve
bush_a 1.24a Plant-like structures generated by
bush_b 1.24b bracketed OL-systems
bush_c 1.24c "
bush_d 1.24d "
bush_e 1.24e "
bush_f 1.24f "
random_plant 1.27 Stochastic branching structures
hogeweg_plant_a 1.31a Plant-like structures of Hogeweg & Hesper
hogeweg_plant_b 1.31b generated by context-sensitive L-systems
hogeweg_plant_c 1.31c "
hogeweg_plant_d 1.31d "
hogeweg_plant_e 1.31e "
param 1.34 Parametric L-system, showing an error in the text
rowoftrees 1.37a Curve suggesting a row of trees
space_filler 1.39 Space-filling branching pattern
honda_tree_a 2.6a Monopoidal tree-like structures of Honda
honda_tree_b 2.6b "
honda_tree_c 2.6c "
honda_tree_d 2.6d "
aono_tree_a 2.7a Sympodial tree-like structures of Aono and Kunii
aono_tree_b 2.7b "
aono_tree_c 2.7c "
aono_tree_d 2.7d "
ternary_tree_a 2.8a Tree-like structures with ternary branching
ternary_tree_b 2.8b and tropism
ternary_tree_c 2.8c "
ternary_tree_d 2.8d "
shoot Eq. 3.2 Development controlled by a signal
dibotryoid_open 3.8a Open dibotryoid plant
dibotryoid_closed 3.8a Closed dibotryoid plant
phyllo 4.2b Phyllotactic patterns on a disk
cordate_leaf 5.5 Developmental model of a cordate leaf
leaf_family_a 5.5a Family of leaves generated with a
leaf_family_b 5.6b parametric L-system
leaf_family_c 5.6c "
leaf_family_d 5.6d "
leaf_family_e 5.6e "
leaf_family_f 5.6f "
rose_leaf 5.8 Rose leaf
compound_leaf_a 5.11a Self-similar compound leaves with
compound_leaf_b 5.11b symmetrical branches. These systems cannot
compound_leaf_c 5.11c be run for the full number of generations
compound_leaf_d 5.11d specified in the text at present.
compound_leaf_e 5.11e "
alt_leaf_a 5.12a Self-similar compound leaves with
alt_leaf_b 5.12b alternating branches
alt_leaf_c 5.12c "
DECstation 3100 Sun 4/280S
Runtime Memory Runtime Memory
------- ------ ------- ------
snowflake 3.21 456704 8.26 466944
koch_island 0.73 67584 1.75 65536
koch_snowflake 0.46 51200 1.04 49152
islands 0.83 75776 1.95 73728
koch_curve_a 9.33 716800 20.13 729088
koch_curve_b 5.15 391168 11.44 401408
koch_curve_c 0.78 73728 1.96 73728
koch_curve_d 1.60 141312 4.36 139264
koch_curve_e 7.69 630784 18.50 638976
koch_curve_f 1.60 141312 3.91 139264
dragon 1.11 114688 2.81 114688
sierpinski 0.68 90112 1.96 90112
gosper_curve_a 1.79 151552 5.93 155648
gosper_curve_b 0.41 45056 1.04 40960
fass_curve_a 0.55 65536 1.35 65536
fass_curve_b 0.31 36864 0.64 32768
hilbert3d 0.15 28672 0.40 24576
bush_a 2.65 210944 10.01 212992
bush_b 2.91 249856 9.26 253952
bush_c 3.29 274432 10.93 278528
bush_d 4.21 397312 12.18 401408
bush_e 3.96 368640 11.64 376832
bush_f 1.68 180224 4.80 180224
random_plant 1.88 157696 5.11 131072
shoot 0.15 24576 0.40 24576
hogeweg_plant_a 7.94 272384 14.43 278528
hogeweg_plant_b 24.91 753664 47.84 770048
hogeweg_plant_c 3.09 126976 5.78 131072
hogeweg_plant_d 6.38 227328 12.43 229376
hogeweg_plant_e 3.00 108544 5.50 106496
param 0.06 20480 0.25 16384
rowoftrees 4.15 471040 11.26 475136
space_filler 7.03 948224 16.98 966656
honda_tree_a 3.63 464896 8.56 475136
honda_tree_b 3.59 464896 8.66 475136
honda_tree_c 3.70 464896 8.55 475136
honda_tree_d 3.59 464896 8.66 475136
aono_tree_a 4.50 630784 9.85 638976
aono_tree_b 4.46 630784 10.14 638976
aono_tree_c 4.48 630784 10.16 638976
aono_tree_d 4.41 630784 10.10 638976
ternary_tree_a 3.08 372736 8.08 376832
ternary_tree_b 27.86 3170304 69.84 3235840
ternary_tree_c 28.39 3170304 68.44 3235840
ternary_tree_d 3.28 372736 8.14 376832
dibotryoid_open 1.08 53248 2.34 49152
dibotryoid_closed 1.36 55296 2.75 49152
phyllo 14.35 118784 17.21 114688
cordate_leaf 0.34 36864 0.69 32768
leaf_family_a 1.61 94208 2.71 98304
leaf_family_b 1.10 67584 1.91 65536
leaf_family_c 1.50 86016 2.58 81920
leaf_family_d 1.28 77824 2.25 73728
leaf_family_e 1.46 86016 2.51 81920
leaf_family_f 1.11 67584 1.91 65536
rose_leaf 5.16 180224 8.35 180224
compound_leaf_a 11.94 1617920 29.31 1654784
compound_leaf_b 51.31 6004736 110.71 6135808
compound_leaf_c 33.50 3649536 70.19 3727360
compound_leaf_d 50.93 4644864 98.81 4743168
compound_leaf_e 33.65 2451456 59.73 2506752
alt_leaf_a 29.73 2684928 61.90 2744320
alt_leaf_b 45.73 3082240 86.33 3145728
alt_leaf_c 62.06 3477504 112.18 3547136