In no particular order, the following locations are known to have judge portraits. Some may be subject to copyright restriction. If so, I've made notes to that effect.
The Federal Judicial Center (FJC) has a page with biographies and images here:
That shows biographies for a lot of federal judges and some of the biographies have images.
I found some sort of file server here, where you can identify the images and some meta data about them:
To get these files, would probably require a fair amount of manual labor or a custom scraper, but there are about 200 that can be acquired.
The Philadelphia Courts have undertaken the collection of portraits and biographical information on their site:
By browsing around, you can find another few hundred images, but the copyright on these is not clear as these are not works of the Federal Government. We are looking into getting these images directly from the source with permission to use and re-use them.
Note also that there are individual webpages that are easy to scrape:
This blog regularly posts portraits of judges from Minnesota that they have in their collection at the library:
This would net about 30-40 portraits, but it may be worth contacting the library to see if they have more.
Copyright on these images is not clear. We will need to get permission to use these.
These seven portraits might have been commissioned by the bar association or by the court:
If by the court, then they're federal works and fair game. If not, then we need to reach out to the bar association and see if they can share these with us.
There's currently a contact email address on the page:
This guy is a pro painter that makes portraits and posts them on his site. He has a bunch for Puerto Rico, which he says they solicited him for. I get the sense that these are fair game since they were made for the Puerto Rico federal court:
Still: Probably a good idea to get in touch with him about the photos. There are about 40 photos here.
There is a collection of 10 9th Circuit Judges here:
These appear to be fair game, as this a federal court's website.
There are about 10 modern portraits here:
These are likely to have copyright restrictions.
This is a collection of about 400 judges, attorneys general and legal scholars:
It appears it has not been digitized online, however I believe it is available by reaching out to the library as I have seen some of the digital versions in other places.
A collection of 160 judge portraits can be found:
Usage of these images may be challenging as different ones have different usage statements. However, the library as a whole has a CC Attribution License.
http://federalcircuithistoricalsociety.org/judges_ctcl.htm#2
About 25 pics of Federal Circuit judges. The following attribution is requested:
These photographs are the property of the Federal Circuit Historical Society. Any reproduction of these photographs should acknowledge that they are being reproduced with the "Courtesy of the Federal Circuit Historical Society.
CA Superior Court: http://www.glenncourt.ca.gov/general_info/whoswho/judge.html
WA Supreme Court: http://www.courts.wa.gov/appellate_trial_courts/SupremeCourt/?fa=supremecourt.home&scRequest=members
CA8, but disorganized: http://www.lb8.uscourts.gov/pubsandservices/histsociety/hist_society.html
CA10, nice collection: http://www.10thcircuithistory.org/judge-bios-n-s/
MI, about 100 pics: http://www.micourthistory.org/justices/
NC, ~30 pics: http://www.ncschs.net/Justices_of_the_Court.aspx
KY, http://courts.ky.gov/courts/coa/Pages/coa.aspx and http://courts.ky.gov/courts/supreme/Pages/supremecourt.aspx
You can also find lots of things by looking for historical societies.