diff --git a/Network b/Network new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e73c46e --- /dev/null +++ b/Network @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +3.1.1) Definition: - +Network scanning is a procedure for identifying active devices on a network by employing a feature or features in the network protocol to signal devices and await a response. During a network scan, all the active devices on the network send signals, and once the response is received, the scanner evaluates the results and checks to see if there are inconsistencies. + + +3.1.2) Purpose of Network Scanning: - +Network scanning is mainly used for security assessment, system maintenance, and also for performing attacks by hackers. +The purpose of network scanning is as follows: + +• Recognize available UDP and TCP network services running on the targeted hosts. +• Recognize filtering systems between the user and the targeted hosts. +• Determine the operating systems (OSs) in use by assessing IP responses. +• Evaluate the target host's TCP sequence number predictability to determine sequence prediction attack and TCP spoofing. diff --git a/linux/016-Linux_Operating System.md b/linux/016-Linux_Operating System.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8a2dd92 --- /dev/null +++ b/linux/016-Linux_Operating System.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +id: 016-Linux_Operating System.md +title: Linux Operating Systems +tags: Linux, OS, Windows +date: 2022-10-27 12:10:39 +0200 +keywords: Linux, CMD< Operating Systems +categories: Operating Systems +cover: assets/images/mic.svg +author: Sai Tarrun +meta-description: The Evolution of Linux Operating Systems +--- + +# LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM INTRODUCTION + +Linux includes a great many facilities and capabilities, so after you get past +the initial installation and configuration, you probably want to use your +system to do something. Here’s where the doing begins! + +We Find how to use Internet tools like Web browsers (Firefox!), +e-mail, instant messaging, and more. + +Then you discover how to edit text files, +and then go whole hog with word processors and other office suite programs +thanks to OpenOffice.org. The fun stuff is in this part too, like how to use +audio and video in the Linux world, and how to access software and formats +that you’re told are only available to Windows users + +## EVOLUTION OF LINUX +An operating system is the software that runs your computer, handling all +interactions between you and the hardware. Whether you’re writing a letter, +calculating a budget, or managing your recipes on your computer, the +operating system provides the essential air that your computer breathes. + +Furthermore, an operating system isn’t just one program; it consists of +hundreds of smaller programs and utilities that allow us humans to use a +computer to do something useful. You then run other programs (such as your +word processor) on top of the operating system to get everything done. + +Linux has been accused of being “just another operating system.” On the surface, +it may appear so, but if you look deeper, you can see that this isn’t so. +The Linux project is a flagship leading the current trend toward open-source +and free (as in “freedom,” not “free beer”) software within the computing +industry. A rock-solid operating system because of the model under which it +was (and continues to be) developed, Linux represents much that is good in +software development diff --git a/linux/Linux_OS.md b/linux/Linux_OS.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..30591c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/linux/Linux_OS.md @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +# Linux + +An operating system is the software that runs your computer, handling all +interactions between you and the hardware. Whether you’re writing a letter, +calculating a budget, or managing your recipes on your computer, the +operating system provides the essential air that your computer breathes. +Furthermore, an operating system isn’t just one program; it consists of hundreds of smaller programs and utilities that allow us humans to use a computer to do something useful. You then run other programs (such as your +word processor) on top of the operating system to get everything done. +Linux has been accused of being “just another operating system.” On the surface, it may appear so, but if you look deeper, you can see that this isn’t so. +The Linux project is a flagship leading the current trend toward open-source +and free (as in “freedom,” not “free beer”) software within the computing +industry. A rock-solid operating system because of the model under which it +was (and continues to be) developed, Linux represents much that is good in +software development. + +# Getting Acquainted with Linux 11 +Two fundamental distinctions separate Linux from the rest of the operatingsystem pack: + ✓ Linux is licensed under the unique and ingenious GNU General Public +License, which you can read about in the next section. + ✓ Linux is developed and maintained by a worldwide team of volunteer +and paid programmers working together over the Internet. +Linux is great for many reasons, including the fact that the folks who built it +from the ground up wanted it to be all the following: + ✓ Multiuser: More than one user can be logged in to a single computer at +one time. + ✓ Multiprocesser: True pre-emptive multitasking enables the operating system’s core to efficiently juggle several programs running at once. This is +important for providing multiple services on one computer. + ✓ Multiplatform: Linux currently runs on more than 24 platforms (hardware types), including 32- and 64-bit Intel-based PCs, Digital/Compaq +Alpha, all variants of the Apple Macintosh, Sun SPARC, the Apple iPod, +and even the Microsoft Xbox. + ✓ Interoperable: Linux plays nice with most network protocols (languages) and operating systems, allowing you to interact with users +and computers running Microsoft Windows, UNIX, Novell NetWare, +Macintosh computers, and other groups that occupy smaller market +niches. + ✓ Scalable: As your computing needs grow, you can rely on Linux to grow +with you. The same Linux operating system can run on a tiny electronic +photo frame, a desktop computer, or a very large, industrial-strength +server system. + ✓ Portable: Linux is mostly written in the C programming language. C is +a language created specifically for writing operating-system-level software and can be readily ported (translated) to run on new computer +hardware. + ✓ Flexible: You can configure the Linux operating system as a network +host, router, graphical workstation, office productivity PC, home entertainment computer, file server, Web server, cluster, or just about any +other computing appliance you can think of. +12 Part I: Getting Your Feet Wet + ✓ Stable: The Linux kernel (the heart of the operating system) has +achieved a level of maturity that makes most software developers +envious. It’s not uncommon to hear reports of Linux servers running +for years without crashing. + ✓ Efficient: The modular design of Linux enables you to include only the +components needed to run your desired services. Even older Pentium +computers can utilize Linux and become useful again. + ✓ Free!: To most people, the most intriguing aspect of Linux is the fact +that it’s often available free of charge. How (the capitalists murmur) can +anyone build a better mousetrap with no incentive of direct monetary +return?