在安装 Istio 之前要确保 Kubernetes 集群(仅支持 v1.9.0 及以后版本)已部署并配置好本地的 kubectl 客户端。比如,使用 minikube:
minikube start --memory=4096 --kubernetes-version=v1.11.1 --vm-driver=hyperkit
curl -L https://git.io/getLatestIstio | sh -
sudo apt-get install -y jq
ISTIO_VERSION=$(curl -L -s https://api.github.com/repos/istio/istio/releases/latest | jq -r .tag_name)
cd istio-${ISTIO_VERSION}
cp bin/istioctl /usr/local/bin
初始化 Helm Tiller:
kubectl create -f install/kubernetes/helm/helm-service-account.yaml
helm init --service-account tiller
然后使用 Helm 部署:
kubectl apply -f install/kubernetes/helm/istio/templates/crds.yaml
helm install install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \
--set ingress.enabled=true \
--set gateways.enabled=true \
--set galley.enabled=true \
--set sidecarInjectorWebhook.enabled=true \
--set mixer.enabled=true \
--set prometheus.enabled=true \
--set grafana.enabled=true \
--set servicegraph.enabled=true \
--set tracing.enabled=true \
--set kiali.enabled=false
部署完成后,可以检查 isotio-system namespace 中的服务是否正常运行:
$ kubectl -n istio-system get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
grafana-5fb774bcc9-2rkng 1/1 Running 0 6m
istio-citadel-5b956fdf54-5nb25 1/1 Running 0 6m
istio-egressgateway-6cff45b4db-gt8tr 1/1 Running 0 6m
istio-galley-699888c459-sgz7z 1/1 Running 0 6m
istio-ingress-fc79cc885-dvjqh 1/1 Running 0 6m
istio-ingressgateway-fc648887c-q5s5h 1/1 Running 0 6m
istio-pilot-6cd95f9cc4-fjdb5 2/2 Running 0 6m
istio-policy-75f75cc6fd-4mlhn 2/2 Running 0 6m
istio-sidecar-injector-6d59d46ff4-m79tl 1/1 Running 0 6m
istio-statsd-prom-bridge-7f44bb5ddb-phkh6 1/1 Running 0 6m
istio-telemetry-544b8d7dcf-mk5kw 2/2 Running 0 6m
istio-tracing-ff94688bb-7hmfb 1/1 Running 0 6m
prometheus-84bd4b9796-hcjwc 1/1 Running 0 6m
servicegraph-6c6dbbf599-q4rxd 1/1 Running 0 6m
$ kubectl -n istio-system get service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
grafana ClusterIP 10.0.150.84 <none> 3000/TCP 6m
istio-citadel ClusterIP 10.0.9.108 <none> 8060/TCP,9093/TCP 6m
istio-egressgateway ClusterIP 10.0.168.237 <none> 80/TCP,443/TCP 6m
istio-galley ClusterIP 10.0.160.216 <none> 443/TCP,9093/TCP 6m
istio-ingress LoadBalancer 10.0.55.174 x.x.x.x 80:32000/TCP,443:32728/TCP 6m
istio-ingressgateway LoadBalancer 10.0.203.82 x.x.x.x 80:31380/TCP,443:31390/TCP,31400:31400/TCP,15011:31720/TCP,8060:31948/TCP,15030:32340/TCP,15031:31958/TCP 6m
istio-pilot ClusterIP 10.0.195.162 <none> 15010/TCP,15011/TCP,8080/TCP,9093/TCP 6m
istio-policy ClusterIP 10.0.14.130 <none> 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,9093/TCP 6m
istio-sidecar-injector ClusterIP 10.0.160.50 <none> 443/TCP 6m
istio-statsd-prom-bridge ClusterIP 10.0.133.84 <none> 9102/TCP,9125/UDP 6m
istio-telemetry ClusterIP 10.0.247.30 <none> 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,9093/TCP,42422/TCP 6m
jaeger-agent ClusterIP None <none> 5775/UDP,6831/UDP,6832/UDP 6m
jaeger-collector ClusterIP 10.0.29.72 <none> 14267/TCP,14268/TCP 6m
jaeger-query ClusterIP 10.0.19.250 <none> 16686/TCP 6m
prometheus ClusterIP 10.0.19.53 <none> 9090/TCP 6m
servicegraph ClusterIP 10.0.251.76 <none> 8088/TCP 6m
tracing ClusterIP 10.0.62.176 <none> 80/TCP 6m
zipkin ClusterIP 10.0.158.231 <none> 9411/TCP 6m
Istio 还支持管理非 Kubernetes 应用。此时需要在应用所在的 VM 或者物理中部署 Istio,具体步骤请参考 https://istio.io/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/mesh-expansion/。注意,在部署前需要满足以下条件
- 待接入服务器必须能够通过 IP 接入网格中的服务端点。通常这需要 VPN 或者 VPC 的支持,或者容器网络为服务端点提供直接路由(非 NAT 或者防火墙屏蔽)。该服务器无需访问 Kubernetes 指派的集群 IP 地址。
- Istio 控制平面服务(Pilot、Mixer、Citadel)以及 Kubernetes 的 DNS 服务器必须能够从虚拟机进行访问,通常会使用内部负载均衡器(也可以使用 NodePort)来满足这一要求,在虚拟机上运行 Istio 组件,或者使用自定义网络配置。
部署好后,就可以向 Istio 注册应用,如
# istioctl register servicename machine-ip portname:port
$ istioctl -n onprem register mysql 1.2.3.4 3306
$ istioctl -n onprem register svc1 1.2.3.4 http:7000
等所有 Pod 启动后,可以通过 NodePort、负载均衡服务的外网 IP 或者 kubectl proxy
来访问这些服务。比如通过 kubectl proxy
方式,先启动 kubectl proxy
$ kubectl proxy
Starting to serve on 127.0.0.1:8001
通过 http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/istio-system/services/grafana:3000/proxy/
访问 Grafana 服务
通过 http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/istio-system/services/servicegraph:8088/proxy/
访问 ServiceGraph 服务,展示服务之间调用关系图
/force/forcegraph.html
As explored above, this is an interactive D3.js visualization./dotviz
is a static Graphviz visualization./dotgraph
provides a DOT serialization./d3graph
provides a JSON serialization for D3 visualization./graph
provides a generic JSON serialization.
通过 http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/istio-system/services/zipkin:9411/proxy/
访问 Zipkin 跟踪页面
通过 http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/istio-system/services/prometheus:9090/proxy/
访问 Prometheus 页面