Code Standards / Linting checked & applied consistently for all langs

[ches]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

Code standards expectations are by documentation for some project languages, and by automation for others. In cases of the former:

1. Contributors don't realize they should follow them
2. Contributors use different versions or settings for tools like formatters
3. Non-compliant code sometimes gets checked in and merged. When someone later fixes it i.e. by running a formatter, their PR may be inflated with many out-of-scope changes.

Describe the solution you'd like

For all of Go, Java, and Python:

• Standards are checked by CI, to address issues 1 and 3.
• Development dependency versions and settings (linting and formatting tools) are managed by build automation, to alleviate issue 2.

Try to fail fast for feedback, but without undue friction on development. For Java for example, we complain on mvn test but not mvn compile (nor test-compile). Perhaps better yet, on CI all the linting could be in one dedicated job / GH status check (though a failure should report all problems, not fail one language, fix and push, fail another language…).

Git hooks could be an optional suggestion.

@woop suggested on #508:

How about we just have make lint or make format at the root of the Feast repo? That would be based on hardcoded configuration that everyone can see, and should ideally cover the whole repo (Java, Go, Python).

Sounds good to me.

Describe alternatives you've considered

Additional context

#487
#508

[woop]

Oops, accidentally closed this issue instead of #508.

[woop]

I'm pretty sure this is sufficiently resolved for now. Happy to reopen though. Closing for now.