HAP (HomeKit Accessory Protocol)

Rust implementation of the Apple HomeKit Accessory Protocol (HAP).

This crate supports all HomeKit services and characteristics currently implemented by Apple (on stable macOS versions) and provides the ability to create custom characteristics, services and accessories.

The HomeKit Accessory Protocol supports transports over IP and Bluetooth LE. Currently only the transport over IP is implemented in this crate. Accessories are exposed by the implemented HAP Accessory HTTP server and announced via built-in mDNS.

HomeKit Data Model

The HAP defines HomeKit enabled devices as virtual accessories that are composed of services that are composed of characteristics.

Characteristics hold values of various data types as well as optional metadata like max/min values or units. Services group characteristics and represent features of the accessory. Every accessory consists of at least one accessory information service and any number of additional services. For example a custom ceiling fan accessory may consist of an accessory information service, a fan service and a lightbulb service.

Ceiling Fan Accessory
|
|-- Accessory Information Service
|   |-- Identify Characteristic
|   |-- Manufacturer Characteristic
|   |-- Model Characteristic
|   |-- Name Characteristic
|   |-- Serial Characteristic
|
|-- Fan Service
|   |-- Power State Characteristic
|   |-- Rotation Direction Characteristic
|   |-- Rotation Speed Characteristic
|
|-- Lightbulb Service
|   |-- Power State Characteristic
|   |-- Brightness Characteristic
|   |-- Hue Characteristic
|   |-- Saturation Characteristic

This crate provides a pre-built accessory for every service predefined by Apple in the HomeKit Accessory Simulator as well as others like Television. Custom characteristics and services can be created, assembled and used alongside the predefined ones.

For a full list of the predefined characteristics, services and accessories, see the docs or Apple's official specification.

Usage Examples

Creating a simple lightbulb accessory and starting the IP server

use tokio;

use hap::{
    accessory::{lightbulb::LightbulbAccessory, AccessoryCategory, AccessoryInformation},
    server::{IpServer, Server},
    storage::{FileStorage, Storage},
    Config,
    MacAddress,
    Pin,
    Result,
};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let lightbulb = LightbulbAccessory::new(1, AccessoryInformation {
        name: "Acme Lightbulb".into(),
        ..Default::default()
    })?;

    let mut storage = FileStorage::current_dir().await?;

    let config = match storage.load_config().await {
        Ok(mut config) => {
            config.redetermine_local_ip();
            storage.save_config(&config).await?;
            config
        },
        Err(_) => {
            let config = Config {
                pin: Pin::new([1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3])?,
                name: "Acme Lightbulb".into(),
                device_id: MacAddress::new([10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60]),
                category: AccessoryCategory::Lightbulb,
                ..Default::default()
            };
            storage.save_config(&config).await?;
            config
        },
    };

    let server = IpServer::new(config, storage).await?;
    server.add_accessory(lightbulb).await?;

    let handle = server.run_handle();

    std::env::set_var("RUST_LOG", "hap=debug");
    env_logger::init();

    handle.await
}

Setting sync callbacks to react to remote value reads and updates

use hap::characteristic::CharacteristicCallbacks;

lightbulb.lightbulb.power_state.on_read(Some(|| {
    println!("power_state characteristic read");
    Ok(None)
}));

lightbulb.lightbulb.power_state.on_update(Some(|current_val: &bool, new_val: &bool| {
    println!("power_state characteristic updated from {} to {}", current_val, new_val);
    Ok(())
}));

Setting async callbacks to react to remote value reads and updates

use hap::characteristic::AsyncCharacteristicCallbacks;

lightbulb.lightbulb.power_state.on_read_async(Some(|| {
    async {
        println!("power_state characteristic read (async)");
        Ok(None)
    }
    .boxed()
}));

lightbulb.lightbulb.power_state.on_update_async(Some(|current_val: bool, new_val: bool| {
    async move {
        println!("power_state characteristic updated from {} to {} (async)", current_val, new_val);
        Ok(())
    }
    .boxed()
}));

Setting a characteristic value directly

use hap::{
    characteristic::HapCharacteristic,
    serde_json::Value,
};

lightbulb.lightbulb.power_state.set_value(Value::Bool(true)).await.unwrap();

Interacting with accessories added to the server

Server::add_accessory returns a pointer to the accessory that can be used like this:

async {
    let accessory_ptr = server.add_accessory(accessory).await.unwrap();
}

Accessories behind the pointer are represented by the HapAccessory trait. The HapAccessory::get_service and HapAccessory::get_mut_service methods provide access to the services of the accessory, represented by the HapService trait. The HapService::get_characteristic and HapService::get_mut_characteristic methods provide access to the characteristics of the service, represented by the HapCharacteristic trait. All services and characteristics are identified by their HapType.

Accessing and changing the power_state characteristic of the lightbulb service of a lightbulb accessory would look like this:

use hap::{HapType, serde_json::Value};

async {
    let mut lightbulb_accessory = lightbulb_ptr.lock().await;

    let lightbulb_service = lightbulb_accessory.get_mut_service(HapType::Lightbulb).unwrap();
    let power_state_characteristic = lightbulb_service.get_mut_characteristic(HapType::PowerState).unwrap();

    power_state_characteristic.set_value(Value::Bool(true)).await.unwrap();
}

A full working example can be found here.

(Re-)Determining the IP to bind on

IP and port to serve on are set via the host and port fields of the Config struct. On config creation, if not explicitly set, the port defaults to 32000 and the IP is set to that of the first non-loopback network interface detected on the host. After config creation however, that IP isn't implicitly re-evaluated. To do so, an implementor has to explicitly call the redetermine_local_ip() method of the Config struct.

An example of doing that on every program restart while reloading a saved config:

let config = match storage.load_config().await {
    Ok(mut config) => {
        config.redetermine_local_ip(); // on config reload, the IP has to be explicitly redetermined
        let mut storage = FileStorage::current_dir().await?;
        config
    },
    Err(_) => {
        let config = Config {
            pin: Pin::new([1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3])?,
            name: "Acme Outlet".into(),
            device_id: MacAddress::new([10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60]),
            category: AccessoryCategory::Outlet,
            ..Default::default() // on config creation, the IP can be implicitly determined
        };
        let mut storage = FileStorage::current_dir().await?;
        config
    },
};

Development

Codegen is handled by the codegen crate in the workspace. Generated files are checked in. To run the code generation, do:

cargo run --package hap-codegen
cargo +nightly fmt

License

HAP is licensed under either of

• Apache License, Version 2.0, (LICENSE-APACHE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
• MIT license (LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)

at your option.