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README.md

SNMP Exporter Config Generator

This config generator uses NetSNMP to parse MIBs, and generates configs for the snmp_exporter using them.

Building

Due to the dynamic dependency on NetSNMP, you must build the generator yourself.

# Debian-based distributions.
sudo apt-get install unzip build-essential libsnmp-dev # Debian-based distros
# Redhat-based distributions.
sudo yum install gcc gcc-g++ make net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs net-snmp-devel # RHEL-based distros

go get github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/generator
cd ${GOPATH-$HOME/go}/src/github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/generator
go build
make mibs

Running

export MIBDIRS=mibs
./generator generate

The generator reads in from generator.yml and writes to snmp.yml.

Additional command are available for debugging, use the help command to see them.

Docker Users

If you would like to run the generator in docker to generate your snmp.yml config run the following commands.

The Docker image expects a directory containing the generator.yml and a directory called mibs that contains all MIBs you wish to use.

This example will generate the example snmp.yml which is included in the top level of the snmp_exporter repo:

make docker-generate

File Format

generator.yml provides a list of modules. The simplest module is just a name and a set of OIDs to walk.

modules:
  module_name:  # The module name. You can have as many modules as you want.
    walk:       # List of OIDs to walk. Can also be SNMP object names or specific instances.
      - 1.3.6.1.2.1.2              # Same as "interfaces"
      - sysUpTime                  # Same as "1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3"
      - 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.6.40  # Instance of "ifHCInOctets" with index "40"

    version: 2  # SNMP version to use. Defaults to 2.
                # 1 will use GETNEXT, 2 and 3 use GETBULK.
    max_repetitions: 25  # How many objects to request with GET/GETBULK, defaults to 25.
                         # May need to be reduced for buggy devices.
    retries: 3   # How many times to retry a failed request, defaults to 3.
    timeout: 5s  # Timeout for each individual SNMP request, defaults to 5s.

    auth:
      # Community string is used with SNMP v1 and v2. Defaults to "public".
      community: public

      # v3 has different and more complex settings.
      # Which are required depends on the security_level.
      # The equivalent options on NetSNMP commands like snmpbulkwalk
      # and snmpget are also listed. See snmpcmd(1).
      username: user  # Required, no default. -u option to NetSNMP.
      security_level: noAuthNoPriv  # Defaults to noAuthNoPriv. -l option to NetSNMP.
                                    # Can be noAuthNoPriv, authNoPriv or authPriv.
      password: pass  # Has no default. Also known as authKey, -A option to NetSNMP.
                      # Required if security_level is authNoPriv or authPriv.
      auth_protocol: MD5  # MD5, SHA, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, or SHA512. Defaults to MD5. -a option to NetSNMP.
                          # Used if security_level is authNoPriv or authPriv.
      priv_protocol: DES  # DES, AES, AES192, or AES256. Defaults to DES. -x option to NetSNMP.
                          # Used if security_level is authPriv.
      priv_password: otherPass # Has no default. Also known as privKey, -X option to NetSNMP.
                               # Required if security_level is authPriv.
      context_name: context # Has no default. -n option to NetSNMP.
                            # Required if context is configured on the device.

    lookups:  # Optional list of lookups to perform.
              # The default for `keep_source_indexes` is false. Indexes must be unique for this option to be used.

      # If the index of a table is bsnDot11EssIndex, usually that'd be the label
      # on the resulting metrics from that table. Instead, use the index to
      # lookup the bsnDot11EssSsid table entry and create a bsnDot11EssSsid label
      # with that value.
      - source_indexes: [bsnDot11EssIndex]
        lookup: bsnDot11EssSsid
        drop_source_indexes: false  # If true, delete source index labels for this lookup.
                                    # This avoids label clutter when the new index is unique.

      # It is also possible to chain lookups or use multiple labels to gather label values.
      # This might be helpful to resolve multiple index labels to a proper human readable label.
      # Please be aware that ordering matters here.

      # In this example, we first do a lookup to get the `cbQosConfigIndex` as another label.
      - source_indexes: [cbQosPolicyIndex, cbQosObjectsIndex]
        lookup: cbQosConfigIndex
      # Using the newly added label, we have another lookup to fetch the `cbQosCMName` based on `cbQosConfigIndex`.
      - source_indexes: [cbQosConfigIndex]
        lookup: cbQosCMName

     overrides: # Allows for per-module overrides of bits of MIBs
       metricName:
         ignore: true # Drops the metric from the output.
         regex_extracts:
           Temp: # A new metric will be created appending this to the metricName to become metricNameTemp.
             - regex: '(.*)' # Regex to extract a value from the returned SNMP walks's value.
               value: '$1' # The result will be parsed as a float64, defaults to $1.
           Status:
             - regex: '.*Example'
               value: '1' # The first entry whose regex matches and whose value parses wins.
             - regex: '.*'
               value: '0'
         type: DisplayString # Override the metric type, possible types are:
                             #   gauge:   An integer with type gauge.
                             #   counter: An integer with type counter.
                             #   OctetString: A bit string, rendered as 0xff34.
                             #   DateAndTime: An RFC 2579 DateAndTime byte sequence. If the device has no time zone data, UTC is used.
                             #   DisplayString: An ASCII or UTF-8 string.
                             #   PhysAddress48: A 48 bit MAC address, rendered as 00:01:02:03:04:ff.
                             #   Float: A 32 bit floating-point value with type gauge.
                             #   Double: A 64 bit floating-point value with type gauge.
                             #   InetAddressIPv4: An IPv4 address, rendered as 1.2.3.4.
                             #   InetAddressIPv6: An IPv6 address, rendered as 0102:0304:0506:0708:090A:0B0C:0D0E:0F10.
                             #   InetAddress: An InetAddress per RFC 4001. Must be preceded by an InetAddressType.
                             #   InetAddressMissingSize: An InetAddress that violates section 4.1 of RFC 4001 by
                             #       not having the size in the index. Must be preceded by an InetAddressType.
                             #   EnumAsInfo: An enum for which a single timeseries is created. Good for constant values.
                             #   EnumAsStateSet: An enum with a time series per state. Good for variable low-cardinality enums.
                             #   Bits: An RFC 2578 BITS construct, which produces a StateSet with a time series per bit.

EnumAsInfo and EnumAsStateSet

SNMP contains the concept of integer indexed enumerations (enums). There are two ways to represent these strings in Prometheus. They can be "info" metrics, or they can be "state sets". SNMP does not specify which should be used, and it's up to the use case of the data. Some users may also prefer the raw integer value, rather than the string.

In order to set enum integer to string mapping, you must use one of the two overrides.

EnumAsInfo should be used for properties that provide inventory-like data. For example a device type, the name of a colour etc. It is important that this value is constant.

EnumAsStateSet should be used for things that represent state or that you might want to alert on. For example the link state, is it up or down, is it in an error state, whether a panel is open or closed etc. Please be careful to not use this for high cardinality values as it will generate 1 time series per possible value.

Where to get MIBs

Some of these are quite sluggish, so use wget to download.

Put the extracted mibs in a location NetSNMP can read them from. $HOME/.snmp/mibs is one option.

https://github.com/librenms/librenms/tree/master/mibs can also be a good source of MIBs.

http://oidref.com is recommended for browsing MIBs.