diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index a94a790e1ba..5e32af89d62 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1326,6 +1326,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "nydus-utils",
  "regex",
  "reqwest",
+ "rusqlite",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "sha1",
@@ -1355,7 +1356,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "nix",
  "nydus-api",
  "openssl",
- "rusqlite",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "sha2",
diff --git a/storage/Cargo.toml b/storage/Cargo.toml
index 0d75e9e8084..8b7005a2fb0 100644
--- a/storage/Cargo.toml
+++ b/storage/Cargo.toml
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ libc = "0.2"
 log = "0.4.8"
 nix = "0.24"
 reqwest = { version = "0.11.14", features = ["blocking", "json"], optional = true }
+rusqlite = { version = "0.30", features = ["bundled"] }
 serde = { version = "1.0.110", features = ["serde_derive", "rc"] }
 serde_json = "1.0.53"
 sha1 = { version = "0.10.5", optional = true }
diff --git a/utils/src/cas.rs b/storage/src/cache/dedup/db.rs
similarity index 92%
rename from utils/src/cas.rs
rename to storage/src/cache/dedup/db.rs
index f2e72f3fe95..36b62883461 100644
--- a/utils/src/cas.rs
+++ b/storage/src/cache/dedup/db.rs
@@ -2,41 +2,13 @@
 //
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
-use std::io::Error;
+#![allow(unused)]
+
 use std::path::Path;
 
 use rusqlite::{Connection, DropBehavior, OptionalExtension, Transaction};
 
-/// Error codes related to local cas.
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub enum CasError {
-    Io(Error),
-    Db(rusqlite::Error),
-}
-
-impl Display for CasError {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{:?}", self)
-    }
-}
-
-impl std::error::Error for CasError {}
-
-impl From<rusqlite::Error> for CasError {
-    fn from(e: rusqlite::Error) -> Self {
-        CasError::Db(e)
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<Error> for CasError {
-    fn from(e: Error) -> Self {
-        CasError::Io(e)
-    }
-}
-
-/// Specialized `Result` for local cas.
-type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, CasError>;
+use super::Result;
 
 pub struct CasDb {
     conn: Connection,
@@ -206,7 +178,7 @@ impl CasDb {
         let tran = self.begin_transaction()?;
         for chunk in chunks {
             match Self::get_blob_id_with_tx(&tran, &chunk.2) {
-                Err(e) => return Err(e.into()),
+                Err(e) => return Err(e),
                 Ok(id) => {
                     if let Err(e) = tran.execute(sql, (&chunk.0, &chunk.1, id)) {
                         return Err(e.into());
@@ -224,7 +196,7 @@ impl CasDb {
 
         let tran = self.begin_transaction()?;
         match Self::get_blob_id_with_tx(&tran, blob_id) {
-            Err(e) => return Err(e.into()),
+            Err(e) => return Err(e),
             Ok(id) => {
                 if let Err(e) = tran.execute(sql, (chunk_id, chunk_offset, id)) {
                     return Err(e.into());
diff --git a/storage/src/cache/dedup/mod.rs b/storage/src/cache/dedup/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09723666cb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/storage/src/cache/dedup/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022-2023 Alibaba Cloud. All rights reserved.
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
+use std::io::Error;
+
+mod db;
+
+/// Error codes related to local cas.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum CasError {
+    Io(Error),
+    Db(rusqlite::Error),
+}
+
+impl Display for CasError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{:?}", self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for CasError {}
+
+impl From<rusqlite::Error> for CasError {
+    fn from(e: rusqlite::Error) -> Self {
+        CasError::Db(e)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Error> for CasError {
+    fn from(e: Error) -> Self {
+        CasError::Io(e)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Specialized `Result` for local cas.
+type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, CasError>;
diff --git a/storage/src/cache/mod.rs b/storage/src/cache/mod.rs
index cc65f842919..2f86f5fd047 100644
--- a/storage/src/cache/mod.rs
+++ b/storage/src/cache/mod.rs
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ use crate::utils::{alloc_buf, check_digest};
 use crate::{StorageResult, RAFS_MAX_CHUNK_SIZE};
 
 mod cachedfile;
+mod dedup;
 mod dummycache;
 mod filecache;
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
diff --git a/utils/Cargo.toml b/utils/Cargo.toml
index 56dc00fcbf6..a9b0f2aaa68 100644
--- a/utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ libc = "0.2"
 log = "0.4"
 lz4-sys = "1.9.4"
 lz4 = "1.24.0"
-rusqlite = { version = "0.30", features = ["bundled"] }
 openssl = { version = "0.10.48", features = ["vendored"], optional = true }
 serde = { version = ">=1.0.27", features = ["serde_derive", "rc"] }
 serde_json = ">=1.0.9"
diff --git a/utils/src/lib.rs b/utils/src/lib.rs
index 8e771493460..4785e36a9f4 100644
--- a/utils/src/lib.rs
+++ b/utils/src/lib.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ pub use self::reader::*;
 pub use self::types::*;
 
 pub mod async_helper;
-pub mod cas;
 pub mod compact;
 pub mod compress;
 #[cfg(feature = "encryption")]